Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout1989-1810 - Ordinance - 05/25/1989ORDINANCE NO. 1810 AN ORDINANCE AMENDING CHAPTER 7, OF THE CODE OR ORDINANCES OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS, RELATING TO HEALTH AND SANITA- TION, BY CREATING A SECTION 8, RETAIL FOOD STORE SANITATION, AND PROVIDING FOR AN EFFECTIVE DATE. I. BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STA- TION, TEXAS, that Chapter 7 of the Code of Ordinances of the City of College Station is hereby amended by adding a new section, to be numbered Section 8, which said section shall read as follows: "SECTION 8: RETAIL FOOD STORE SANITATION. A. GENERAL PROVISIONS 1. Purpose. These rules shall be liberally construed and applied to promote the underlying purpose of protecting the public health. 2. Definition. The following words and terms when used in these sections, shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise: (a) Bulk food - unpackaged or unwrapped, processed or unprocessed food in aggregate containers from which quantities desired by the consumer are withdrawn. For the purpose of this interpretation, the term does not include fresh fruits, fresh vegetables, nuts in the shell, salad bars and potentially hazardous foods. (b) Corrosion -resistant materials - those materials that maintain acceptable sanitary surface character- istics under prolonged influence of the food to be con- tacted, the normal use of cleaning compounds and sani- tizing solutions, and other conditions of the use envi- ronment. (c) Display area - a location or locations, including physical facilities and equipment, where bulk food, and other products, are offered for customer self-service. (d) Easily cleanable - that surfaces are readily accessible and made of such material and finish and so fabricated that residue be effectively removed by nor- mal cleaning methods. n05032 (e) Employee - the permit holder, individual having supervisory or management duties, person on the pay- roll, family member, volunteer, person performing work under contractual agreement, or any other person working in a food store. (f) Equipment - items other than utensils used in the storage, preparation, display, and transportation of food such as stoves, ovens, hoods, slicers, grinders, mixers, scales, meat blocks, tables, food shelving, reach -in refrigerators and freezers, sinks, ice makers, and similar items used in the operation of a retail food store. This item does not include fork lift trucks or dollies. (g) Farmers Market - an establishment or location used by producers and vendors primarily for the distribution and sale of raw and custom shelled agricultural pro- ducts directly to consumers and wholesalers. The sale of other food products at such market shall not dis- qualify it as a farmers market provided that such food products meet all applicable federal, state, and local health laws regulating the manufacture and sale of non- food products not regulated by the Texas Department of Health shall not disqualify it as a farmers market. (h) Food - any raw, cooked, or processed edible sub- stance, ice, beverage or ingredient used or intended for use or for sale in whole or in part for human con- sumption. (i) Food -contact surfaces - those surfaces of equip- ment and utensils with which food normally comes into contact, and those surfaces from which food may drain, drip, or splash back onto surfaces normally in contact with food. (j) Food service establishment - any place where food is prepared and intended for individual portion ser- vice, and includes the site at which individual por- tions are provided. The term includes any such place regardless of whether consumption is on or off the premises and regardless of whether there is a charge for the food. The term includes delicatessens that offer prepared food in individual service portions. The term does not include private homes where food is prepared or served for individual family consumption, 2 n05633 retail food stores, the location of food vending ma- chines, and supply vehicles. (k) Hermetically sealed container - a container which is designed and intended to be secure against the entry of microorganisms and to maintain the commercial ste- rility of its contents after processing. (1) Law - applicable Federal, State, and local stat- utes, ordinances, and regulations. (m) Packaged - bottled, canned, cartoned, bagged, or securely wrapped. (n) Permit - the document issued by the regulatory authority which authorizes a person to operate a retail food store. (o) Person - any individual, partnership, corporation, association, or other legal entity. (p) Person in charge - the individual present in a re- tail food store who is the supervisor of the retail food store at the time of inspection. If no individual is the apparent supervisor, then any employee present is the person in charge. (q) Potentially hazardous food - any food that con- sists in whole or in part of milk or milk products, eggs, meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, edible crustacea, or other ingredients, including synthetic ingredients, and which is in a form capable of supporting rapid and progressive growth of infectious or toxigenic microor- ganisms. The term does not include: clean, whole, un- cracked, odor -free shell eggs; foods that have a pH level of 4.5 or below or a water activity (aw) value of 0.85 or less under standard conditions; food products in hermetically sealed containers processed to prevent spoilage. (r) Product module - a food -contact container (mul- ti -use or single -service) designed for customer self-service of bulk food by either direct or indirect means. n05634 (s) Regulatory authority - the State and/or local en- forcement authority or authorities having responsi- bility for enforcing these rules. For the purpose of this ordinance the regulatory authority will be the Brazos County Health Department. (t) Retail food store - any establishment or section of an establishment where food and food products are offered to the consumer and intended for off -premise consumption. The term includes delicatessens that offer prepared food in bulk quantities only. The term does not include establishments which handle only pre- packaged, nonpotentially hazardous foods; roadside mar- kets that offer only fresh fruits and fresh vegetables for sale; food store establishments; farmers markets; or food and beverage vending machines as defined in the Vending of Food and Beverages, 1978, Department of Health, Education and Welfare Publication No. (FDA) 78-2091. (u) Safe materials - articles manufactured from or composed of materials that may not reasonably be ex- pected to result, directly or indirectly, in their be- coming a component or otherwise affecting the charac- teristics of any food. If materials are food additives or color additives as defined in Section 201 (s) or (t) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act amended May 1980, Department of Health and Human Services Publi- cation No. (FDA) 80-1051, as used they are "safe" only if they are used in conformity with regulations estab- lished pursuant to Section 201 (s) or (t) of the Fede- ral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act amended May 1980, De- partment of Health and Human Services Publication No. (FDA) 80-1051, and are used in conformity with all applicable regulations of the Food and Drug Adminis tration. (v) Sanitization - effective bactericidal treatment as defined in the Procedures for the Bacteriological Exam- ination of Food Utensils and/or Food Equipment Sur- faces, Technical Information Bulletin No. 1, 1967, Pub- lic Health Service Publication No. 1631, by a process that provides enough accumulative heat or concentration of chemicals for enough time to reduce the bacterial count, including pathogens, to a safe level on cleaned food -contact surfaces of utensils and equipment. (w) Sealed - free of cracks or other openings that permit the entry or passage of moisture. n05635 B. FOOD 1. (x) Servicing area - a designated location or loca- tions equipped for cleaning, sanitizing, drying or re- filling product modules or for preparing bulk food. (y) Single -service articles - items used by the retailer or consumer such as cups, containers, lids, and packaging materials, including bags and similar articles, intended for contact with food, and designed for one-time, one person use and then discarded. The term does not include "single use" articles such as number 10 cans, aluminum pie pans, bread wrappers and similar articles into which food has been packaged by the manufacturer. (z) Transportation (transported) - movement of food within the retail food store or delivery of food from that retail food store to another place while under the control of the person in charge. (aa) Utensil - any food -contact implement used in the storage, preparation, transportation, or dispensing of food. (bb) Warewashing - the cleaning and sanitizing of food -contact surfaces of equipment and utensils. Food supplies. (a) General. Food shall be in sound condition and safe for human consumption. Food shall be obtained from sources that comply with the applicable laws re- lating to food safety. Food prepared in a home shall not be used or offered for sale. Bulk food product modules shall be labeled with either: (1) The manufacturer's or processor's bulk con- tainer labeling plainly in view; or (2) A counter card, sign or other appropriate de- vice bearing prominently and conspicuously the common name of the product, a list of ingredients in proper order of predominance and declaration of artificial color or flavor and chemical preservatives if contained in the product. (b) Special requirements. 61 n()5")36 (1) Fluid milk and fluid milk products used or offered for sale shall be pasteurized and shall comply with the Grade 'A' standards as established by Article 165-3, Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes, The Texas Milk Grading and Labeling Law. Raw milk may be sold by the producer directly to the consumer at the point of production, i.e. at the farm, provided that such pro- ducer has been issued a Grade 'A' Raw Milk for Retail Permit, and complies with all the standards for Grade 'A' Raw Milk for Retail. Dry milk and dry +silk pro- ducts used or offered for sale shall be made from pas- teurized milk and milk products. Raw milk cheeses, not requiring pasteurization, produced in accordance with the Code of Federal Regulations, 21 CPR Part 133, shall be exempt from the provisions of this subsection. (2) Fresh and frozen shucked shellfish (oysters, clams, or mussels) shall be received and/or repacked in nonreturnable packages identified with the name and address of the shell stock processor, shucker-packer, or repacker, and the State certification number issued according to law. Shucked shellfish shall be kept in the container in which they were received until used or sold. (3) Each original container of unshucked shell- fish (oysters, clams, or mussels) shall be identified by an attached tag, to be retained for a period of 90 days, that states the name and address of the original shellfish processor, the date and bay of harvest, the kind and quanitity of shellfish and the certification number issued by the State of foreign shellfish control agency, where applicable. (4) Only clean shell eggs meeting applicable grade standards or pasteurized liquid, frozen or dry eggs, or pasteurized dry egg products shall be used or offered for sale. (5) Only ice which has been manufactured from potable water and handled in a sanitary manner shall be used or offered for sale. Ice offered for sale shall be packaged and shall meet all of the requirements in the Department's Rules, 5229.181-229.184 of this title (relating to the Registration of Manufacturers of Foods). 2. Food Protection (a) General. 6 n05637 (1) At all times, including while being stored, prepared, displayed, dispensed, packaged, or trans- ported, food shall be protected from cross -contami- nation between foods and from potential contamination by insects, insecticides, rodents, rodenticides, probe -type price or probe -type identification tags, un- clean equipment and utensils, unnecessary handling, flooding, draining, and overhead leakage or condensation, foreign matter, or other agents of public health significance. The temperature of potentially hazardous foods shall be 45°F (7°C) or below or 140OF (60°C) or above, at all times, except as otherwise provided in these rules. Hermetically sealed packages shall be handled so as to maintain product and container integrity. Food items that are spoiled or that are in damaged containers that may affect the pro- duct and those food items that have been returned to, or are being detained by, the retail food store because of spoilage, container damage, or other public health considerations, shall be segregated and held in desig- nated areas pending proper disposition unless disposed of under the supervision of the regulatory authority. (2) Bulk foods and product modules shall be pro- tected from contamination during display, customer self-service, refilling and storage. (3) Containers of bulk pet foods and bulk nonfood items shall be separated from other foods by a barrier or open space from product modules. (4) Bulk food returned to the store by the cus- tomer shall not be offered for resale. (5) Only containers provided by the store in the display area shall be filled with bulk foods. (b) Emergency occurrences. The person in charge of a retail food store that is affected by a fire, flood, extended power outage, sewage backup, or a similar sig- nificant occurrence that creates a reasonable proba- bility that food in the retail food store may have been contaminated or that the temperature level of food which is in a potentially hazardous form may have caused that food to have become hazardous to health, shall take such action as is necessary to protect the public health and shall promptly notify the regulatory authority of the emergency. 3. Food storage. 7 nG5538 (a) General. (1) Food packaged in an immediate closed con- tainer, once the container is opened in the retail food store prior to uses or retail sale, shall be kept covered. Food, whether raw or prepared, if removed from the immediate closed container in which it was originally packaged prior to use or retail sale, shall be stored in a clean, covered container, except during necessary periods of preparation. Whole and unpro- cessed fresh raw vegetables and fresh raw fruits shall be exempted from this requirement. Container covers shall be impervious and nonabsorbent. During periods of storage, subprimal cuts of meat shall be covered with single -service wrapping material. Primal cuts, quarters or sides of meat, or processed meats such as country hams, slab bacon, and smoked or cured sausages, may be hung uncovered on clean, sanitized hooks or placed on clean, sanitized metal racks in such a manner as to preclude contamination of any food products in storage. (2) Containers of food shall be stored a minimum of six inches (152 millimeters (mm)) above the floor or stored on dollies, skids, racks, or open-ended pallets, provided such equipment is easily movable either by hand or with the use of a pallet -moving equipment that is on the premises and used. Such storage areas shall be kept clean. Cased food packaged in cans, glass, or other waterproof containers need not be elevated when the case of food is not exposed to floor moisture and the storage area is kept clean. (3) Food and containers of food shall not be stored under exposed or unprotected sewer lines, or water lines that are leaking or on which condensed water has accumulated. (4) Packaged foods shall not be stored in contact with water or undrained ice. (5) A food ingredient, such as flour, sugar, salt, baking powder, cooking oil or vinegar, that is not stored in the original package and is not readily identifiable on sight, shall be stored in a container identifying it by common name. (6) Labels or marking pens shall be available to customers to identify their take-home containers with the common name of the product unless the product is readily identifiable on sight. 8 nr5E39 (7) Toilet rooms and their vestibules, and gar- bage or mechanical rooms shall not be used for the storage of food. (b) Refrigerated/frozen storage. (1) Refrigeration units or effectively insulated units shall be provided in such number and of such capacity to assure the maintenance of potentially hazardous food at required temperatures during stor- age. Each mechanically refrigerated unit storing potentially hazardous food shall be provided with a numerically scaled indicating thermometer, accurate to +3°F (+1'C). The sensing element shall be located to measure the air temperature in the warmest part of the unit. The thermometer scale shall be located to be easily readable. Recording thermometers, accurate to +3°F (+1°C) may be used in lieu of indicating thermo- meters: (2) Potentially hazardous food requiring refrig- eration after preparation shall be rapidly cooled to an internal temperature of 450F (70C) or below. Poten- tially hazardous foods of large volume or prepared in large quantities shall be rapidly cooled utilizing such methods as shallow pans, agitation, quick chilling, or water circulation external to the food container so that the cooling period shall not exceed four hours. Potentially hazardous food to be transported shall be pre -chilled and held at a temperature of 450F (7°C) or below unless maintained in accordance with the hot storage requirements of these rules. (3) Potentially hazardous frozen foods shall be kept frozen and shall be stored at an air temperature of 0'F (-18°C) or below except for defrost cycles and brief periods of loading or unloading. (4) Ice used as a cooling medium for food storage shall not be used or sold for human consumption. (c) Hot storage. (1) Hot food storage units shall be provided in such number and of such capacity to assure the mainte- nance of potentially hazardous food at the required temperature during storage. Each hot food storage unit storing potentially hazardous food shall be provided with a numerically scaled indicating thermometer, accurate to +30F (+1°C). The sensing element shall be 9 nC.D0 r / 1 O � located to measure the air temperature in the coolest part of the unit. The sensing element shall be located to be easily readable. Recording thermometers accurate to +3°F (+1'C) may be used in lieu of indicating ther- mometers. Where it is impractical to install thermo- meters on equipment such as heat lamps, calrod units, or insulated food transport carriers, a food product thermometer shall be available and used to check inter- nal food temperature. (2) The internal temperature of potentially ha- zardous foods requiring hot storage shall be 140OF (60°C) or above, except during necessary periods of preparation. Potentially hazardous food to be trans- ported shall be held at a temperature of 140OF (609C) or above unless maintained in accordance with the refrigerated storage requirements of these rules. 4. Food preparation. (a) General. (1) Food shall be prepared with a minimum of manual contact. Food shall be prepared on food -contact surfaces and with utensils which are clean and have been sanitized. (2) Each time there is a change in processing between raw beef, raw pork, raw poultry or raw seafood, or a change in processing from raw to ready -to -eat foods, each new operation shall begin with food -contact surfaces and utensils which are clean and have been sanitized. Salads and other ready -to -eat foods should be prepared in separate rooms or in areas that are separated by a barrier or open space from areas used for processing potentially hazardous raw products. (3) Potentially hazardous foods that are in a form to be consumed without further cooking such as salads, sandwiches, and filled pastry products should be prepared from chilled products. (b) Raw fruits and raw vegetables. Raw fruits and raw vegetables that will be cut or combined with other ingredients or will be otherwise processed into food products by the retail food store will be thoroughly cleaned with potable water before being used. (c) Cooking potentially hazardous foods. (1) Potentially hazardous foods being processed within the retail food store by cooking shall be cooked to heat all parts of the food to a temperature of at 10 P-015541 least 140°F (600C), except that: (i) Poultry, poultry stuffings, stuffed meats, and stuffings containing meat, shall be cooked to heat all parts of the food to at least 165°F (74°C) with no interruption of the cooking process. (ii) Pork and pork products shall be cooked to heat all parts of the food to at least 150°F (660C), or, if cooked in a microwave oven, to at least 170°F (77°C). (iii) When beef roasts under 10 pounds (5 kilograms (kg)) in weight are cooked in a still dry heat oven, the oven shall be preheated to and held at an air temperature of at least 350°F (177°C) throughout the process. If cooked in a convection oven, the oven shall be preheated to and held at an air temperature of a least 325°F (163°C) throughout the process. (2) When beef roasts of 10 pounds (5 kilograms (kg)) or over in weight are cooked in a dry heat oven, the oven shall be preheated to and held at an air tem- perature of at least 250°F (122°C) throughout the pro- cess. (3) Further, in order to meet public health re- quirements for the processes cited in Subparagraphs (1) through (2) of this paragraph, the following table lists the minimum internal temperature of the beef roasts for the minimum time the roast needs to be held at such temperature. Minimum Holding Times for Beef Roasts at various Internal Temperatures Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum internal holding internal holding temperature time temperature time OF °C Minutes 130 54.4 121 131 55.0 97 132 55.6 77 133 56.1 62 134 56.7 47 135 57.2 37 136 57.8 32 137 58.4 24 11 OF °C Minutes 138 58.9 19 139 59.5 15 140 60.0 12 141 60.6 10 142 61.1 8 143 61.7 6 144 62.2 5 �,C 5A2 (4) Beef roasts, if cooked in a microwave oven, shall be cooked to an internal temperature of at least 145°F (63°C). (d) Bakery product fillings. (1) Custards, cream fillings, and similar pro- ducts, including synthetic fillings, shall meet the temperature requirement in Subsection 3(b)(2) of this section following preparation and be maintained at that temperature during storage, transportation, and dis- play. Products with synthetic fillings may be excluded from this requirement if: (i) the food, including the interface be- tween the bakery product and its fillings, has a pH level of 4.5 or below or a water activity (aw) value of 0.85 or less under standard conditions; (ii) it is handled in such a manner as to preclude contamination with and the growth of patho- genic microorganisms after heat processing; or (iii) other scientific evidence is on file with the regulatory authority demonstrating that the specific product will not support the growth of patho- genic microorganisms. (2) Bakery products with synthetic fillings, which meet the criteria in Subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, may be labeled to state that refrigeration is not required. (e) Reheating. Potentially hazardous foods that have been cooked and then refrigerated shall be reheated rapidly to an internal temperature of 1650F (74°C) or higher before being placed in hot food storage holding units. Food warmers and other hot food holding units shall not be used for the reheating of potentially hazardous foods. (f) Food product thermometers. Metal stem -type numer- ically scaled indicating thermometers, accurate to +2°F (+1'C) shall be provided and used to assure attainment and maintenance of proper temperature during prepara- tion of all potentially hazardous foods. (g) Thawing potentially hazardous foods. Potentially hazardous foods shall be thawed: 12 r05on3 (1) in refrigerated units at a temperature not to exceed 450F (70C); (2) under potable running water at a temperature of 70OF (21°C) or below, with sufficient water velocity to agitate and float off loose food particles into the overflow and for a period not to exceed that reasonably required to thaw the food; (3) in a microwave oven only when the food will be immediately transferred to conventional cooking units as part of a continuous cooking process or when the entire, uninterrupted cooking process takes place in the microwave oven; or (4) as part of the conventional cooking process. 5. Food display. (a) Potentially hazardous foods. Potentially hazard- ous foods shall be held at an internal temperature of 450F (7°C) or below or at an internal temperature of 140OF (60°C) or higher during display, except that rare roast beef which is offered for sale hot shall be held at a temperature of at least 130OF (550C). (b) Frozen foods. Foods intended for sale in a frozen state shall be displayed at an air temperature of 0'F (-189C) or below, except for defrost cycles and brief periods of loading or unloading. Frozen foods should be displayed below or behind product food lines ac- cording to cabinet manufacturers' specifications. (c) Food display. (1) Food on display, other than whole, unpro- cessed raw fruits and unprocessed raw vegetables, shall be protected from contamination by being packaged, by display cases, by covered containers for self-service, or by similar protective equipment. All food shall be displayed above the floor in a manner that will protect the food from contamination. Hot or cold food units shall be provided to assure the maintenance of potenti- ally hazardous food at the required temperature during display. Potentially hazardous food shall not be pro- vided for consumer self-service except in salad bar operations intended for individual portion service. 13 o05o44 (2) Bulk foods shall be dispensed only from pro- duct modules which are protected by close fitting, individual covers. If opened by the customer, the covers shall be self -closing and shall remain closed when not in use. (3) Customers access to bulk food in product modules shall be limited and controlled to avoid the introduction of contaminants. Means considered suit- able include, but are not limited to: (i) providing a product module depth of no more than 18 inches (457 millimeters (mm)), and (ii) either locating product modules with access from the top so that there is at least 30 inches (762 mm) between the access point and the floor; or, if the product module access point is less than 30 inches (762 mm) off the floor, providing access from the side or at an angle provided that when the product module is open, the cover extends across the surface of the pro- duct and provides overhead protection. (d) Dispensing utensils. To avoid unnecessary manual contact with the food, suitable dispensing utensils and single -service articles shall be used by employees. Consumers who serve themselves bulk food shall be pro- vided suitable dispensing utensils. Manual contact of bulk foods by the customer during dispensing shall be avoided. Methods considered suitable are: (1) mechanical dispensing devices including grav- ity dispensers, pumps, extruders and augers; (2) manual dispensing utensils including tongs, scoops, ladles and spatulas; and (3) wrapping or sacking. (4) If the dispensing devices and utensils listed in Subparagraphs (1) and (2) of this paragraph do not prevent manual customer contact with certain bulk foods, then these foods must be wrapped or sacked prior to display. (5) Manual dispensing utensils listed in Subpara- graph (2) of this paragraph shall be protected against becoming contaminated and serving as vehicles for introducing contamination into bulk food. Means consi- dered suitable include, but are not limited to: (i) using a tether which is constructed of easily cleanable material, is of such length that the utensil cannot contact the floor, and is designed to prevent interference with the requirement for close fitting covers, or 14 nn56n5 (ii) storing the utensil in a sleeve or pro- tective housing attached or adjacent to the display unit when not in use, or (iii) utilizing a utensil designed so that the handle cannot contact the product if left in the product module. (iv) Since it is not practical to store ladles and spatulas used in other than dry foods in sleeves or protective housings, they shall be stored in the food with handles extending to the outside of the product modules. Handles shall not prevent lids from being self -closing. (v) Storing the utensil in running potable water. (e) Food sample demonstrations and food promotions. When food sample demonstrations and food promotions are authorized in the retail food store, the person in charge shall ensure that such activities comply with the applicable sanitation provisions of these rules. 6. Food transportation by the retail food store. Food, other than hanging primal cuts, quarters, or sides of meat, and raw fruits and raw vegetables, shall be protected from contamination by use of packaging or covered containers while being transported. All food being transported shall meet the applicable requirements of these rules relating to food protection and food storage. Foods packaged in imme- diate closed containers do not need to be overwrapped or covered if the immediate closed containers have not been opened, torn, or broken. C. Personnel. 1. Employee health. No employee, while infected with a di- sease in a communicable form that can be transmitted by foods or who is a carrier of organisms that cause such a di- sease or while affected with a boil, an infected wound, or an acute respiratory infection, shall work in a retail food store in any capacity in which there is a likelihood of such person contamiating food or food -contact surfaces with pathogenic organisms or transmitting disease to other per- sons. 2. Personal cleanliness. Employees engaged in food prepa- ration and warewashing operations shall thoroughly wash their hands and the exposed portions of their arms with soap or detergent and warm water before starting work; after 15 nrH56)46 smoking, eating, or using the toilet; before and after handling raw meat, or raw poultry, or raw seafood; and as often is necessary during work to keep them clean. Emloyees shall keep their fingernails trimmed and clean. 3. Clothing. (a) Employees shall wear clean outer clothing. (b) Employees shall use effective hair restraints where necessary to prevent the contamination of food or food -contact surfaces. 4. Employee practices. (a) Employees shall maintain a high degree of personal cleanliness and shall conform to good hygienic prac- tices during all working periods. (b) Employees shall consume food, beverages, or use tobacco only in designated areas. Such designated areas must be located so that the eating, drinking, or tobacco use of an employee does not result in contami- nation of food, equipment, or utensils. D. Equipment and utensils. 1. Materials. Multi -use equipment and utensils shall be constructed and repaired with safe materials, including finishing materials; shall be corrosion resistant and shall be nonabsorbent; and shall be smooth, easily cleanable, and durable under conditions of normal use. Single -service ar- ticles shall be made from clean, sanitary, safe materials. Equipment, utensils, and single -service articles shall not impart odors, color, taste, nor contribute to the contami- nation of food. Product modules and utensils shall be con- structed of safe materials; and shall be corrosion resis- tant, nonabsorbent, smooth, easily cleanable and durable under conditions of normal use. (a) Solder. If solder is used, it shall be composed of safe materials and be corrosion resistant. (b) Wood. Hard maple or equivalent nonabsorbent wood that meets the general requirements set forth in this subsection may be used for cutting blocks, cutting boards, and bakers' tables. Wood shall not be used as a food -contact surface under other circumstances, 16 n05647 except for contact with raw fruits, raw vegetables, and nuts in the shell. (c) Plastics and rubber materials. Safe plastic or safe rubber or safe rubber -like materials that are re- sistant under normal conditions of use to scratching, scoring, decomposition, crazing, chipping, and distor- tion, that are of sufficient weight and thickness to permit cleaning and sanitizing by normal warewashing methods, and which meet the general requirements set forth in this subsection are permitted for repeated use. (d) Cutting surfaces. Cutting surfaces subject to scratching and scoring must be resurfaced so as to be easily cleaned, or be discarded when these surfaces can no longer be effectively cleaned and sanitized. (e) Single -service articles. Single -service articles shall not be reused. (f) Single -use articles. Single -use articles shall not be reused. 2. Design and fabrication. (a) General. All equipment and utensils, including plastic -ware, shall be designed and fabricated for durability under conditions of normal use and shall be resistant to denting, buckling, pitting, chipping, and crazing. As a general principle, the specifications for design and fabrication of equipment should maintain uniformity with equipment design criteria found in food codes and national equipment standards. (1) Food -contact surfaces shall be easily clean- able, smooth, and free of breaks, open seams, cracks, chips, pits, and similar imperfections, and free of difficult -to -clean internal corners and crevices. Cast iron may be used as a food -contact surface only if the surface is used for cooking. Threads shall be designed to facilitate cleaning; ordinary "V" type threads are prohibited in food -contact surfaces, except that in equipment such as ice makers, hot oil cooking equip- ment, or hot oil filtering systems, such threads shall be minimized. 17 r^5648 (2) Equipment containing bearings and gears requiring lubricants not made of safe materials shall be designed and constructed so that the lubricant can- not leak, drip, or be forced into food or onto food -contact surfaces. Equipment designed to receive lubrication of bearings and gears on or within food -contact surfaces shall be lubricated with mate- rials meeting the requirements of 21 CFR 178.3570, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 170 to 199. (3) Sinks and drain boards shall be sloped to drain and be self -draining. (4) Product modules, lids, dispensing units and utensils shall be designed and fabricated to meet the requirements for food -contact surfaces. (b) Accessibility. Unless designed for in -place cleaning, food -contact surfaces shall be accessible for cleaning and inspection: (1) without being disassembled; (2) by disassembling without the use of tools; or (3) by easy disassembling with the use of only simple tools, such as mallets, screwdrivers, or open-end wrenches which are kept near the equipment. (4) Individual product modules shall be designed to be easily removable from the display unit for ser- vicing unless the modules are so designed and fabri- cated that they can be effectively cleaned (and sani- tized when necessary) through a manual in -place cleaning procedure that will not contaminate or other- wise adversely affect bulk food or equipment in the adjoining display area. (c) Cleaned in place (CIP). Equipment designed and constructed for CIP shall meet requirements equivalent to those contained in the Department's Rules on Food Service Sanitation, g229.165(b) (3) of this title (relating to Equipment and Utensils). (d) Food product thermometers. Indicating thermo- meters required for immersion into food or cooking media shall be of metal stem -type construction, numeri- cally scaled, and accurate to +2°F (+19C). (e) Nonfood -contact surfaces. (1) Surfaces of equipment not intended for con- tact with food, but which are exposed to splash or 18 n05649 food debris or which otherwise require frequent cleaning, shall be designed and fabricated to be smooth, washable, free of unnecessary ledges, projec- tions, or crevices, and readily accessible for cleaning, and shall be of such material and in such re- pair as to be easily maintained in a clean and sanitary condition. (2) Surfaces of product module display units, tethers, and all display equipment not intended for food -contact, but which are exposeed to splash, food debris or other soiling, shall be designed and fabri- cated to be smooth, cleanable, durable under conditions of normal use and free of unnecessary ledges, projec- tions or crevices. (3) Tethers shall be designed to be easily remov- able from the products module for cleaning. (4) The materials for nonfood -contact surfaces shall be nonabsorbent or made nonabsorbent by being finished and sealed with a cleanable coating. (f) Ventilation hoods. Ventilation hoods and devices, where installed, shall be designed to prevent grease or condensation from collecting on walls and ceilings, and from dripping into food or onto food -contact surfaces. Filters or other grease extracting equipment shall be readily removable for cleaning and replacement, if not designed to be cleaned in place. (g) Maintenance of equipment and utensils. All equip- ment and utensils shall be maintained in good repair to comply with the requirements of this code. 3. Equipment installation and location. (a) General. Equipment, including ice makers and ice storage equipment, shall not be located under exposed or unprotected sewer lines, water lines that are leaking or on which condensed water has accumulated, open stairwells, or other sources of contamination. (b) Table -mounted equipment. (1) Table -mounted equipment shall be installed to facilitate the cleaning of the equipment and the adja- cent areas. (2) Equipment that is mounted on tables or counters, unless portable, shall be sealed to the table or counter or elevated on legs to provide at least a 19 nC5650 four inch (102 mm) clearance between the table or counter, except that if no part of the table under the equipment is more thatn 18 inches (457 mm) from cleaning access, the clearance space shall be three inches (76 mm) or more; or if no part of the table under the equipment is more than three inches (76 mm) from cleaning access, the clearance space shall be two inches (51 mm) or more. (3) Equipment is portable within the meaning of subparagraph (2) of this paragraph if: (i) it is small and light enough to be moved easily by one person; (ii) it has no utility connection, has a utility connection that disconnects quickly, or has a flexible utility connection line of sufficient length to permit the equipment to be moved for easy cleaning; (iii) it is table -mounted, such as powered mixers, grinders, slicers, tenderizers, and similar equipment, which does not exceed 80 pounds (36 kilo- grams (kg)), or which is equipped with a mechanical means of safely tilting the unit for cleaning. (c) Floor -mounted equipment. (1) Floor -mounted equipment, unless easily move- able, shall be: (i) sealed to the floor; or (ii) elevated on legs to provide at least a six inch (152 mm) clearance between the floor and equipment, except that equipment may be elevated to provide at least a four inch (102 mm) clearance between the floor and equipment if no part of the floor under the equipment is more than six inches (152 mm) from cleaning access. (iii) Display shelving units, display refrig- eration units, and display freezer units are exempt from the provisions of clauses (i) and (ii) of this subparagraph if they are installed so that the floor beneath the units can be cleaned. (2) Equipment is easily movable if: (i) it is mounted on wheels or casters; and (ii) it has no utility connection, has a utility connection that disconnects quickly, or has a flexible utility line of sufficient length to permit the equipment to be moved for easy cleaning. (3) Unless sufficient space is provided for easy cleaning between, behind, and above each unit of fixed equipment, the space between it and adjoining equipment 20 n05651 E. units and adjacent walls or than 1/32 inch (0.8 mm) and, space shall be sealed. ceilings shall be not more if exposed to seepage, the (d) Aisles and working spaces. Aisles and working spaces between units of equipment and between equipment and walls, shall be unobstructed and of sufficient width to permit employees to perform their duties readily without contamination of food or food -contact surfaces by clothing or personal contact. All easily movable storage equipment such as dollies, skids, racks, and open-ended pallets shall be positioned to provide accessibility to working areas. Sanitizatii 1. Equipment and utensil cleaning and sanitization. (a) Cleaning frequency. (1) Utensils and food -contact surfaces of equip- ment shall be cleaned and sanitized as follows: (i) each time there is a change in pro- cessing between raw beef, raw pork, raw poultry or raw seafood, or a change in processing from raw to ready -to -eat foods; (ii) after any interruption of operations during which time contamination may have occurred; and (iii) after final use each working day. (2) Tongs, scoops, ladles, spatulas, other appro- priate utensils and tethers used by customers shall be cleaned and sanitized at least daily or at more fre- quent intervals based on the type of food and amount of food particle accumulation or soiling. (3) Product Modules, lids and other equipment shall be cleaned prior to restocking, when soiled or at intervals on a schedule based on the type of food and amount of food particle accumulation. (4) Where equipment and utensils are used for the preparation of potentially hazardous foods on a contin- uous or production -line basis, utensils and the food -contact surfaces of equipment shall be cleaned and sanitized at intervals throughout the day on a schedule based on food temperature, type of food, and amount of food particle accumulation. 21 nn 5052 (5) The food -contact surfaces of cooking devices and the cavities and door seals of microwave ovens shall be cleaned at least once each day of use, except that this shall not apply to hot oil cooking equipment and hot oil filtering systems. The food -contact sur- faces of all baking equipment and pans shall be kept free of encrusted grease deposits and other accumulated soil. (6) Food -contact surfaces shall be cleaned and sanitized immediately if contamination is observed or suspected. (7) Nonfood -contact surfaces of equipment, in- cluding transport vehicles, shall be cleaned as often as is necessary to keep the equipment free of accumu- lation of dust, dirt, food particles, and other debris. (b) Wiping cloths. (1) Cloths or sponges used for wiping food spills on food -contact surfaces of equipment shall be clean and rinsed frequently in one of the sanitizing solu- tions permitted in paragraph (c)(7) of this subsection and used for no other purpose. These cloths and sponges shall be stored in the sanitizing solution between uses. (2) Cloths or sponges used for cleaning non- food -contact surfaces of equipment shall be clean and rinsed as specified in subparagraph (1) of this para- graph and used for no other purpose. These cloths and sponges shall be stored in the sanitizing solution between uses. (3) Single -service disposable towels are per- mitted in lieu of wiping cloths or sponges if they are discarded after each use. (c) Manual cleaning and sanitizing. (1) Facilities and/or equipment shall be avail- able, either in a servicing area or in place, to pro- vide for proper cleaning and sanitizing of all food -contact surfaces including product modules, lids and dispensing utensils. (2) For manual cleaning and sanitizing of equip- ment and utensils, a sink with two or three compart- ments shall be provided and used. Sink compartments shall be large enough to accommodate the immersion of most equipment and utensils, and each compartment of 22 n()5053 the sink shall be supplied with hot and cold potable running water. Where immersion in sinks is impacti- cable (e.g., because equipment is too large), equipment and utensils shall be cleaned and sanitized manually or by pressure spray methods. (3) Drain boards or easily moveable utensil tables of adequate size shall be provided for proper storage and handling of soiled utensils prior to cleaning and for cleaned utensils following sanitizing and shall be located so as not to interfere with proper use of the warewashing facilities. (4) Equipment and utensils shall be preflushed or prescraped and, when necessary, presoaked to remove food particles and soil. (5) The sinks shall be cleaned before use. (6) When a three -compartment sink is utilized for warewashing, the operation shall be conducted in the following sequence: (i) equipment and utensils shall be thor- oughly cleaned in the first compartment with a hot de- tergent solution that is kept clean and at a concen- tration indicated on the manufacturer's label; (Li) equipment and utensils shall be rinsed free of detergent and abrasives with clean water in the second compartment; and (iii) equipment and utensils shall be sani- tized in the third compartment according to one of the methods included in subparagraph 8 of this paragraph. (7) When a two -compartment sink is utilized for warewashing, a three step sanitization sequence must be followed which is acceptable to the regulatory author- ity. (8) The food -contact surfaces of all equipment and utensils shall be sanitized by one of the following methods: (L) immersion for at least 1/2 minute in clean, hot water of a temperature of at least 170° F (77°C); (ii) immersion for at least 1 minute in a clean solution containing at least 50 parts per million of available chlorine as a hypoclorite and having a temperature of at least 75°F (24°C); (iii) immersion for at least 1 minute in a clean solution containing at least 12.5 parts per million of available iodine, having a pH range which the manufacturer has demonstrated to be effective and at a temperature of at least 75°F (240C); 23 nr5 54 (iv) immersion for at least 1 minute in a clean solution containing 200 parts per million of a quaternary ammonium compound and having a temperature of at least 750F (24'C). The quaternary ammonium com- pound used shall have been compounded by the manufac- turer to assure effectiveness in waters up to 500 parts per million hardness at use concentration; (v) immersion in a clean solution con- taining any other chemical sanitizing agent allowed under 21 CFR 178.1010, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 170 to 199, that will provide the equivalent bactericidal effect of a solution containing at least 50 parts per million of available chlorine as a hypochlorite at a temperature of at least 75OF (240C) for 1 minute; (vi) treatment with steam free from materials or additives other than those specified in 21 CFR 173.310, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 210 Parts 170 to 199, in the case of equipment too large to sani- tize by immersion, but in which steam can be confined; or (vii) rinsing, spraying, or swabbing with a chemical sanitizing solution of at least twice the strength required for that particular sanitizing solu- tion under clauses (ii), (iii), and (v) of this subpa- ragraph in the case of equipment too large to sanitize by immersion. (9) When hot water is used for sanitizing, the following equipment shall be provided and used: (i) an integral heating device or fixture installed in, on, or under the sanitizing compartment of the sink capable of maintaining the water at a temperature of at least 170OF (770C); (ii) a numerically scaled indicating thermo- meter, accurate to +3°F (+1°C) convenient to the sink for frequent checks of water temperature; and (iii) utensil racks or baskets of such size and design to permit complete immersion of utensils and equipment in the hot water. (10) When chemicals are used for sanitization, they shall not have concentrations higher than the maximum permitted under 21 CFR 178.1010, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 170 to 199, and a test kit or other device that measures the parts per million concentration of the solution shall be provided and used. 24 r,05 6 55 2. (d) Mechanical cleaning and sanitizing. (1) Facilities and/or equipment shall be avail- able, either in a servicing area or in place, to pro- vide for proper cleaning and sanitizing of all food -contact surfaces including product modules, lids and dispensing utensils. (2) Mechanical cleaning and sanitizing equipment and practices shall conform to the provisions contained in the Department's Rules on food Service Sanitation, 5229.166 (a) (4) of this title (relating to Cleaning, Sanitation and Storage of Equipment and Utensils). (e) Drying. Unless used immediately after saniti- zation all equipment and utensils shall be air dried. Towel drying shall not be permitted. (f) Retail food stores without equipment and utensil cleaning facilities. Retail food stores that do not have facilities for proper cleaning and sanitizing of utensils and equipment shall not prepare or package food or dispense potentially hazardous food or un- packaged food other than raw fruits and raw vegetables. Equipment and utensil handling and storage. (a) Handling. Cleaned and sanitized equipment and utensils shall be handled in a way that protects them from contamination. (b) Storage. (1) Cleaned and sanitized utensils and equipment shall be stored at least six inches (152 mm) above the floor in a clean, dry location in a way that protects them from splash, dust, and other means of contami- nation. The food -contact surfaces of fixed equipment shall also be protected from contamination. Equipment and utensils shall not be placed under exposed or un- protected sewer lines, or water lines that are leaking or on which condensed water has accumulated. (2) Utensils shall be air dried before being stored or shall be stored in a self -draining position. (3) Stored utensils shall be covered or inverted wherever practical. 25 r'056 56 (c) Single -service articles. (1) Single -service articles shall be stored in closed cartons or containers at least six inches (152 mm) above the floor or on easily movable dollies, skids, racks, or open-ended pallets. Such storage shall protect the articles from contamination and shall not be located under exposed or unprotected sewer lines, or water lines that are leaking or on which condensed water has accumulated. (2) Single -service articles shall be handled in a manner that prevents contamination of surfaces that may come in contact with food. (3) Take-home containers (bags, cups, lids, etc.) provided in the display area for customer use shall be stored and dispensed in a sanitary manner. (d) Prohibited storage areas. Food equipment, uten- sils, or single -service articles shall not be stored in locker rooms, toilet rooms or their vestibules, garbage rooms, or mechanical rooms. F. Sanitary Facilities and Controls. 1. Water supply. (a) General. Sufficient potable water for the needs of the retail food store shall be provided from a source constructed, maintained, and operated according to law. (b) Water delivery. All potable water not provided to the retail food store directly from the source by pipe shall be delivered in a bulk water transport system and shall be transferred to a closed water system. Both of these systems shall be constructed, maintained, and operated according to law. (c) Water under pressure. Water under pressure at the required temperatures shall be provided to all fixtures and equipment that use water. (d) Steam. Steam used in contact with food or food -contact surfaces shall be free from any materials or additives other than those specified in 21 CPR 173.310, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 170 to 199. 26 r05" 57 2. Sewage - General. All sewage, including liquid waste, shall be disposed of by a public sewage system or by a sew- age disposal system constructed, maintained, and operated according to law. Nonwater carried sewage disposal facili- ties are prohibited, except as permitted by the regulatory authority. 3. Plumbing. (a) General. Plumbing shall be sized, installed, and maintained according to law. There shall be no cross -connection between the potable water supply and any other system containing: (1) water of unknown or questionable origin, or (2) contaminating or polluting substances. (b) Nonpotable water system. A nonpotable water system is permitted for air conditioning, equipment cooling, and fire protection, and shall be installed according to law. Nonpotable water shall not directly or indirectly contact food or equipment or utensils that contact food. The piping of any nonpotable water system shall be durably identified so that it is readily distinguishable from piping that carries potable water. (c) Backflow. The potable water system shall be installed to preclude the possibility of backflow. Devices shall be installed to protect against backflow and backsiphonage at all fixtures and equipment where an air gap at least twice the diameter of the water system inlet is not provided between the water supply inlet and the fixture's flood level rim. No hose shall be attached to a faucet that is not equipped with a backflow prevention device. (d) Grease traps. Grease traps, if used, shall be located to be easily accessible for cleaning. (e) Garbage grinders. Garbage grinders, if used, shall be installed and maintained according to law. (f) Drains. Except for properly trapped open sinks, there shall be no direct connection between the se- werage system and any drains originating from equipment in which food, portable equipment, or utensils are placed. When a warewashing machine is located within 27 005G58 five feet (152 centimeters (cm)) of a trapped floor drain, the warewasher waste outlet may be connected directly on the inlet side of a properly vented floor drain trap if permitted by law. 4. Toilet facilities. (a) Toilet installation. Toilet facilities shall be installed according to law, shall be at least one and not less than the number required by law, shall be con- veniently located, and shall be accessible to employees at all times. (b) Toilet design. Toilets and urinals shall be de- signed to be easily cleanable. (c) Toilet rooms. Toilet rooms shall be completely enclosed and shall have tight -fitting, self -closing solid doors, except for screened louvers that may be necessary for ventilation systems. (d) Toilet facility maintenance. Toilet facilities, including toilet fixtures and any related vestibules, shall be kept clean and in good repair. A supply of toilet tissue shall be provided at each toilet at all times. Easily cleanable receptacles shall be provided for waste materials. Toilet rooms used by women shall have at least one covered waste receptable. 5. Handwashing facilities. (a) Handwashing facility installation. Handwashing facilities shall be installed according to law, shall be at least one and not less than the number required by law, and shall be conveniently located to permit use by all employees in food preparation and warewashing areas. Handwashing facilities shall be accessible to employees at all times. Handwashing facilities shall also be located in or immediately adjacent to toilet rooms or their vestibules. Sinks used for food pre- paration or for warewashing shall not be used for washing of hands or for any other purpose. (b) Handwashing facility faucets. Each handwashing facility shall be provided with hot and cold water tem- pered by means of a mixing valve or combination fau- cet. Any self -closing, or metering faucet used shall be designed to provide a flow of water for at least 28 nn5b59 15 seconds without the need to reactivate the faucet. Steam mixing valves are prohibited at handwashing fa- cilities. (c) Handwashing supplies. A supply of hand -cleansing soap or detergent shall be available at each hand - washing facility. A supply of sanitary towels or a hand -drying device providing heated air shall be con- veniently located near each handwashing facility. Com- mon towels are prohibited. If disposable towels are used, easily cleanable waste receptacles shall be con- veniently located near the handwashing facilities. (d) Handwashing facility maintenance. Handwashing facilities, soap or detergent dispensers, hand -drying devices, and all related facilities shall be kept clean and in good repair. (e) Handwashing available at bulk food display area. When handwashing facilities are not available at the bulk food display area, customers, upon request, are permitted access to handwashing facilities located in employee restroom(s), provided that access to employee restrooms does not allow customers into unauthorized areas such as the meat market, bakery, and delica- tessen. Accessibility may be required by State or local authority. (f) Waste receptacle(s). When sanitary paper towels or disposable towelettes are provided, easily cleanable waste receptacle(s) shall be conveniently provided in the display area. 6. Garbage and refuse. (a) Containers. (1) Garbage and refuse shall be held in durable, easily cleanable, insect -resistant, and rodent -resis- tant containers that do not leak and do not absorb li- quids. Plastic bags and wet strength paper bags may be used to line these containers. Such bags and durable plastic garbage and refuse containers may be used for storage inside the retail food store. (2) Containers used in food preparation and uten- sil washing areas shall be kept covered during non- working hours and after they are filled. 29 n05660 (3) Containers stored outside the establishment, including dumpsters, compactors, and compactor systems, shall be easily cleanable, shall be provided with tight -fitting lids, doors, or covers, and shall be kept covered when not in actual use. In containers designed with drains, drain plugs shall be in place at all times, except during cleaning. (4) There shall be a sufficient number of con- tainers to hold all the garbage and refuse that accumu- lates. (5) Soiled containers shall be cleaned at a fre- quency to prevent insect and rodent attraction. Each container shall be thoroughly cleaned on the inside and outside in a way that does not contaminate food equip- ment, utensils, or food preparation areas. Suitable facilities, detergent, and hot water or steam, shall be provided and used for cleaning containers. Liquid waste from compacting or cleaning operations shall be disposed of as sewage. (b) Storage. (1) Garbage and refuse on the premises shall be stored in a manner to make them inaccessible to insects and rodents. Outside storage of nonrodent-resistant plastic containers, unprotected plastic bags, wet strength paper bags, or baled units which contain gar- bage or refuse is prohibited. Cardboard or other packaging material not containing garbage or food wastes need not be stored in covered containers. (2) Garbage or refuse storage rooms, if used, shall be constructed of easily cleanable, nonabsorbent, washable materials, shall be kept clean, shall be in- sect and rodent resistant, and shall be large enough to store all the garbage and refuse containers neces- sitated by disposal pick-up frequency. (3) Outside storage areas or enclosures, if used, shall be kept clean and shall be large enough to store all the garbage and refuse containers necessitated by disposal pick-up frequency. Garbage and refuse con- tainers, dumpsters, and compactor systems located out- side, shall be stored on or above a smooth surface of nonabsorbent material, such as concrete or machine -laid asphalt, that is kept clean and maintained in good re- pair. M 005661 (c) Disposal. (1) Garbage and refuse shall be disposed of often enough to prevent the development of objectionable odors and the attraction of insects and rodents. (2) Where garbage or refuse is burned on the premises, it shall be done by controlled incineration in accordance with law. Areas around incineration units shall be kept clean and orderly. 7. Insect and rodent control. (a) General. Effective measures shall be utilized to minimize the entry, presence, and propagation of ro- dents, flies, cockroaches, or other insects. The premises shall be maintained in a condition that pre- vents the harboraae or feeding of insects or (b) Openings. Openings to the outside shall be effectively protected against the entry of rodents. outside openings shall be protected against the entry of insects by tight -fitting, self -closing doors; closed windows; screening; controlled air currents; or other means. Screen doors shall be self -closing, and screens for windows, skylights, transoms, intake and exhaust air ducts, and other openings to the outside shall be tight -fitting and free of breaks. Screening material shall be not less than 16 mesh to the inch. G. Construction and Maintenance of Physical Facilities. 1. Floors. (a) Floor construction. (1) Except as specified in paragraph (2) of this subsection, floors and floor coverings of all food pre- paration, food storage, and warewashing areas, and the floors of all walk-in refrigerators, dressing rooms, locker rooms, toilet rooms and vestibules, shall be constructed of smooth durable material such as sealed concrete, terrazzo, quarry tile, ceramic tile, durable grades of vinyl asbestos or plastic tile, or tight -fit- ting wood impregnated with plastic, and shall be main- tained in good repair. Nothing in this section shall prohibit the use of anti -slip floor covering in areas where necessary for safety reasons. 31 nnr�62 (2) Floors which are water flushed or which re- ceive discharges of water or other fluid wastes or are in areas where pressure spray methods for cleaning are used, shall be provided with properly installed trapped drains. Such floors shall be constructed only of sealed concrete, terrazzo, quarry tile, ceramic tile, or similar materials and shall be graded to drain. (3) In all establishments utilizing concrete, terrazzo, quarry tile, ceramic tile, or similar flooring materials or where water flush cleaning methods are used, the junctures between walls and floors shall be coved and sealed. In all other cases, the juncture between walls and floors shall be coved so as not to present an open seam of more than 1/32 inch (0.8 mm). (b) Floor carpeting. Carpeting, if used as a floor covering, shall be of closely woven construction, pro- perly installed, easily cleanable, and maintained in good repair. Carpeting shall not be used in food pre- paration and warewashing areas, in food storage areas, or in toilet room areas where urinals or fixtures are located. (c) Prohibited floor covering. Sawdust, wood shavings, granular salt, baked clay, diatomaceous earth, or similar materials shall not be used as floor coverings; however, these materials may be used in amounts necessary for immediate spot clean-up of spills or drippage on floors. (d) Mats and duckboards. Mats and duckboards shall be of nonabsorbent, grease resistant materials, and of such size, design, and construction to facilitate cleaning and shall be maintained in good repair. (e) Utility line installation. Exposed utility ser- vice lines and pipes shall be installed in a way that does not obstruct or prevent cleaning of the floor. Utility service lines and pipes installed through the floor shall be effectively sealed so as not to present an open space. In all new or extensively remodeled establishments, installation of exposed horizontal utility service lines and pipes on the floor is prohibited. 32 nc.5663 2. Walls and ceilings. (a) Maintenance. Walls and ceilings, including doors, windows, skylights, and similar closures, shall be maintained in good repair. (b) Construction. The walls, wall coverings, and ceilings of walk-in refrigeration units, food prepa- ration areas, warewashing areas, and toilet rooms and their vestibules shall be smooth, nonabsorbent, and easily cleanable. Concrete or pumice blocks and bricks used for interior wall construction in these locations shall be finished and sealed to provide a smooth easily cleanable surface. (c) Exposed construction. Studs, joists, and rafters shall not be exposed in those areas listed in paragraph (b) of this subsection. If exposed in other rooms or areas they shall be finished to provide a cleanable surface. (d) Utility line installation. Utility service lines and pipes shall not be unnecessarily exposed on walls or ceilings in those areas listed in paragraph (b) of this subsection. Exposed utility service lines and pipes shall be installed in a way that does not ob- struct or prevent cleaning of the walls and ceilings. Utility service lines and pipes installed through walls and ceilings shall be effectively sealed so as not to present an open space. (e) Attachments. Light fixtures, vent covers, wall mounted fans, decorative materials, and similar attach- ments to walls and ceilings shall be easily cleanable and shall be maintained in good repair. (f) Covering material installation. Wall and ceiling covering materials shall be attached and sealed in a manner to be easily cleanable. 3. Cleaning physical facilities. (a) General. Cleaning of floors, walls, and ceilings shall be done as often as necessary, but preferably during periods when the least amount of food is ex- posed, such as after closing. Only dustless methods of cleaning floors, walls, and ceilings shall be used, such as vacuum cleaning, wet cleaning, treated dust 33 n05E')64 mops, or the use of dust -arresting sweeping compounds with brooms. Floors, mats, Buckboards, walls, ceilings, and attachments (e.g., light fixtures, vent covers, wall mounted fans, and similar equipment), and decorative materials (e.g., signs and advertising materials) shall be kept clean, (b) Service sinks. At least one service sink or curbed cleaning facility with a floor drain shall be provided and used for the cleaning of mops or similar wet floor cleaning tools and for the disposal of mop water or similar liquid wastes. Handwashing or ware - washing facilities, or food preparation sinks shall not be used for this purpose. 4. Lighting. (a) General. (1) Permanently fixed artificial light sources shall be installed to provide at least 50 foot candles of light on all food preparation surfaces and at ware - washing work levels. (2) Permanently fixed artificial light sources shall be installed to provide, at a distance of 30 inches (762 mm) from the floor: (i) at least 30 foot candles of light in sales areas, utensil and equipment storage areas, and in handwashing and toilet areas; and (ii) at least 20 foot candles of light in walk-in refrigeration units, dry food storage areas, and in all other areas. (b) Protective shielding. (1) Lamps located over or within food storage, food preparation, and food display facilities, and facilities where utensils and equipment are cleaned and stored shall be shielded, coated or otherwise shatter resistant. (2) Infrared or other heat lamps shall be pro- tected against breakage by a shield surrounding and ex- tending beyond the bulb, leaving only the face of the bulb exposed. 34 nr,5665 5. Ventilation. (a) General. All rooms shall have sufficient venti- lation to keep them free of excessive heat, steam, con- densation, vapors, obnoxious odors, smoke, and fumes. Ventilation systems shall be installed and operated according to law and, when vented to the outside, shall not create a harmful or unlawful discharge. Intake and exhaust air ducts shall be maintained to prevent the entrance of dust, dirt, and other contaminating mate- rials. 6. Dressing rooms and locker rooms. (a) Dressing rooms and areas. If employees routinely change clothes within the establishment, rooms or areas shall be designated and used for that purpose. These designated rooms or areas shall not be used for food preparation, food storage, food display, warewashing, or storage of utensils and equipment. (b) Locker areas. Lockers or other suitable facil- ities shall be provided and used for the orderly sto- rage of employee clothing and other belongings. Lockers or other suitable facilities may only be lo- cated in the designated dressing rooms or areas or, in food storage rooms or areas containing only completely packaged food or packaged single -service articles. 7. Poisonous or toxic materials. (a) Materials permitted. Only those poisonous or toxic materials necessary and intended for the mainte- nance of the establishment, including the cleaning and sanitization of equipment and utensils, and the control of insects and rodents, shall be present in retail food stores, except those items being stored or displayed for retail sale as described in paragraph (f) of this subsection. (b) Labeling of materials. Containers of poisonous or toxic materials necessary for operational maintenance of the establishment shall be prominently and dis- tinctly labeled in accordance with law. Small working containers of bulk cleaning agents shall be individ- ually labeled for easy identification of contents. 35 n05466 (c) Storage of materials. Poisonous or toxic mate- rials necessary for the maintenance of the establish- ment consist of the following two categories: (1) Insecticides and rodenticides; (2) Detergents, sanitizers, related cleaning or drying agents, and caustics, acids, polishes, and other chemicals. (3) Materials in subparagraphs (1) and (2) of this paragraph shall be stored and located to be physi- cally separated from each other; shall be stored in cabinets or in similar physically separated compart- ments or facilities used for no other purpose; and, to preclude potential contamination shall not be stored above or intermingled with food, food equipment, uten- sils, or single -service articles, except that this lat- ter requirement does not prohibit the convenient avail- ability of detergent sanitizers, or sanitizers at ware - washing facilities. (d) Use of materials. (1) Sanitizers, cleaning compounds, or other com- pounds intended for use on food -contact surfaces shall not be used in a way that leaves a toxic residue on such surfaces, nor in a way that constitutes a hazard to employees or other persons. (2) Poisonous or toxic materials shall not be used in a way that contaminates food, equipment, or utensils, nor in a way other than in full compliance with the manufacturer's labeling. (e) Storage and display of materials for retail sale. Poisonous or toxic materials stored or displayed for retail sale shall be separated from food and sin- gle -service articles by spacing, partitioning, or divi- ders. These materials shall not be stored or displayed above food or single -service articles. (f) First -aid supplies and personal medications. Re- tail food store employee first -aid supplies and perso- nal medications shall be stored in a way that prevents them from contaminating food and food -contact surfaces. 36 n05667 S. Premises. (a) General. (1) Retail food stores and all parts of the prop- erty used in connection with operations of the estab- lishment shall be reasonably free of litter and arti- cles not essential to the operation or maintenance of the establishment. (2) The walking and driving surfaces of all ex- terior areas of retail food stores shall be surfaced with concrete, asphalt, or with gravel or similar material effectively treated to facilitate maintenance and minimize dust. These surfaces shall be graded to facilitate drainage. (b) Living areas. No operation of a retail food store shall be conducted in any room used as living or sleep- ing quarters. Retail food store operations shall be separated from any living or sleeping quarters by com- plete partitioning and solid, self -closing doors. (c) Laundry facilities. (1) If provided, laundry facilities in a retail food store shall be restricted to the washing and dry- ing of linens and work clothes used in the operation. If such items are laundered on the premises, an elec- tric or gas dryer shall be provided and used. (2) Separate rooms shall be provided for laundry facilities, except that such operations may be con- ducted in storage rooms containing only packaged foods or packaged single -service articles. (d) Linens and work clothes storage. (1) Clean work clothes and linens, including articles such as wiping cloths, shall be stored in a clean place and protected from contamination until used. (2) Soiled work clothes and linens, including articles such as wiping cloths, shall be kept in non - absorbent containers or washable laundry bags until re- moved for laundering and shall be stored to prevent contamination of food, food equipment and utensils. 37 n G 5 6 6 8 (e) Cleaning equipment storage. Maintenance and cleaning tools such as brooms, mops, vacuum cleaners, and similar equipment shall be maintained in good re- pair and stored in a way that does not contaminate food, utensils, equipment, or linens and shall be stored in an orderly manner to facilitate the cleaning of that storage location. (f) Animals. (1) Live animals shall be excluded from within the retail food store operational areas and from imme- diately adjacent areas inside the store under the con- trol of the permit holder. This exclusion does not ap- ply to edible fish, crustacea, shellfish, or fish in an aquarium. (1) Live or dead fish bait shall be stored separtely from food or food products. (ii) Patrol dogs accompanying security or police officers shall be permitted in offices, storage areas, and outside store premises. Sentry dogs may be permitted to run loose in outside fenced areas for security reasons. Guide dogs accompanying blind per- sons shall be permitted in sales areas. (2) While on duty, persons employed in the food preparation areas of an establishment shall not care or handle any pets, or patrol/sentry dogs. H. Compliance Procedures. 1. Permits, licenses, or certificates. (a) General. No person shall operate a retail food store who does not have a valid permit, license, or certificate issued to him by the regulatory authority. Only a person who complies with the requirements of these rules shall be entitled to receive or retain such a permit, license, or certificate. Permits, licenses, or certificates are not transferable. A valid permit, license, or certificate shall be posted in every food store establishment. (b) Issuance of permit. Any person desiring to oper- ate a retail food store shall make written application for a permit on forms provided by the City. Such application shall include the applicant's full name and post office address and whether such applicant is an 38 1)05669 individual, firm, or corporation, and, if a partner- ship, the names of the partners, together with their addresses shall be included; the location and type of the proposed retail food store; and the signature of the applicant or applicants. If the application is for a temporary retail food store,it shall also include the inclusive dates of the proposed operation. Permits shall be renewed annually on or before January 1st. At the time of renewal or in the case of a new establish- ment, before business has begun, the applicant shall pay to the City of College Station, or its agent re- ceiving same, a fee to be set by a resolution of the City Council. Upon receipt of such an application, the City of College Station, through the health authority, shall make an inspection of the retail food store, to determine compliance with the provisions of this sec- tion. When inspection reveals that the applicable re- quirements of this section have been met, a permit shall be issued to the applicant by the City of College Station as set by City Council resolution. 2. Inspections. (a) Inspection Frequency. An inspection of a retail food store shall be performed at least once every six months. Additional inspections of the retail food store shall be performed as often as are necessary for the enforcement of these rules. (b) Access. Agents of the regulatory authority, after proper identification, shall be permitted to enter any retail food store at any reasonable time, for the pur- pose of making inspections to determine compliance with these rules. The agents shall be permitted to examine the records of the establishments to obtain information pertaining to food and supplies purchased, received, or used, or to persons employed. (c) Report of inspection. Whenever an inspection is made of a retail food store, the findings shall be re- corded on the inspection report form referred to in subsection (3) of this section. A copy of the inspec- tion report form shall be furnished to the owner or person in charge at the completion of the inspection and constitutes a written notice. The inspection re- port form shall summarize the requirements of these rules, and shall set forth a weighted point value for each requirement. The rating score of the establish- ment shall be the total of the weighted point value for 39 n05670 all violations, subtracted from 100. The completed inspection report form is a public document that shall bemade available for public disclosure to any person who requests it according to law. (d) Correction of violations. The inspection report form shall specify a reasonable period of time for the correction of the violations found, and correction of the violations shall be accomplished within the period specified, in accordance with the following provisions: (1) If an imminent health hazard exists, such as complete lack of sanitization, refrigeration, an ex- tended loss of water supply, and extended power outage, or sewage backup into the establishment, the establish- ment shall immediately cease affected retail food store operations and shall immediately notify the regulatory authority. Such operation shall not be resumed until authorized by the regulatory authority. (2) All violations of 4- or 5- point weighted items shall be corrected within a time specified by the health authority, but in any event, not to exceed 10 days. (3) All 1- or 2- point weighted items shall be corrected as soon as possible, but in any event, by the time of the next routine inspection. (4) When rating score of the establishment is less than 60, the establishment shall initiate correc- tive action on all identified violations within 48 hours. One or more reinspections shall be conducted at reasonable time intervals to assure correction. (e) Examination and condemnation of food. The regula- tory authority may examine and collect samples of food as often as necessary for the enforcement of these rules. The regulatory authority shall, upon written notice to the owner or person in charge specifying the reason therefor, place under detention any food which it has probable cause to believe is adulterated or mis- branded in accordance with the provisions of Section 6, and paragraph (2) of Section 21, Article 4476-5, Texas Civil Statutes, The Texas Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. (f) Procedure when infection is suspected. When the regulatory authority has reasonable cause to suspect the possibility of disease transmission from any retail food store employee, it may secure a morbidity history of the suspected employee or make any other investiga- 40 PO5671 tion as may be indicated and shall take appropriate action. The regulatory authority may require any or all of the following measures: (1) the immediate exclusion of the employee from all retail food stores; (2) the immediate closing of the retail food store concerned until, in the opinion of the regulatory authority, no further danger of disease outbreak exists; (3) restriction of the employee's services to some area of the establishment where there would be no danger of transmitting disease; (4) adequate medical and laboratory examinations of the employee, of other employees, and of the body discharges of such employees. 3. Suspension of permit. (a) The regulatory authority may, without warning, no- tice, or hearing suspend any permit, license, or certi- ficate to operate a retail food store if the holder of the permit, license, or certificate does not comply with the requirements of these rules, or if the opera- tion of the establishment does not comply with the re- quirements of these rules, or if the operation of the retail food store otherwise constitutes a substantial hazard to public health. Suspension is effective upon service of the notice required by paragraph 3 (b) of this rule. When a permit, license, or certificate is suspended, food store operations shall immediately cease. Whenever a permit, license, or certificate is suspended, the holder of the permit, license, or certi- ficate shall be afforded an opportunity for a hearing within twenty (20) days of receipt of a request for a hearing. (b) Whenever a permit, license, or certificate is sus- pended, the holder of the permit, license, or certifi- cate, or the person in charge shall be notified in writing that the permit, license, or certificate is, upon service of the notice, immediately suspended and that an opportunity for a hearing will be provided if a written request for a hearing is filed with the regula- tory authority by the holder of the permit, license, or certificate within ten (10) days. If no written re- quest for hearing is filed within ten (10) days, the suspension is sustained. The regulatory authority may 41 nC50" 7 end the suspension at any time if reasons for suspen- sion no longer exist. 4. Revocation of permit, license, or certificate. The regulatory authority may, after providing opportunity for a hearing, revoke a permit, license, or certificate for serious or repeated violations of any of the requirements of these rules or for interference with the regulatory author- ity in the performance of its duties. Prior to revocation, the regulatory authority shall notify the holder of the per- mit, license, or certificate, or the person in charge, in writing of the reason for which the permit, license, or cer- tificate shall be revoked at the end of the ten (10) days following service of such notice unless a written request for a hearing is filed with the regulatory authority by the holder of the permit, license, or certificate within such ten (10) day period. If no request for hearing is filed within the ten (10) day period, the revocation of the per- mit, license, or certificate becomes final. 5. Service of notices. A notice provided for in these rules is properly served when it is delivered to the holder of the permit, license, or certificate, or the person in charge, or when it is sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, to the last known address of the holder of the permit, license, or certificate. A copy of the notice shall be filed in the records of the regulatory authority. 6. Hearings. The hearings provided for these rules shall be conducted by the regulatory authority at a time and place designated by it. Based upon the recorded evidence of such hearing, the regulatory authority shall make a final find- ing, and shall sustain, modify or rescind any notice or or- der considered in the hearing. A written report of the hearing decision shall be furnished to the holder of the permit, license, or certificate by the regulatory authority. 7. Application after revocation. Whenever a revocation of a permit, license, or certificate has become final, the holder of the revoked permit, license, or certificate may make written application for a new permit, license, or cer- tificate. 42 n05673 8. Review of plans. (a) Submission of plans. Whenever a retail food store is constructed or extensively remodeled and whenever an existing structure is converted to use as a retail food store, properly prepared plans and specifications for such construction, remodeling, or conversion shall be submitted to the Brazos County Health Department for review and approval before construction, remodeling or conversion is begun. The plans and specifications shall indicate the proposed layout, arrangement, me- chanical plans, and construction materials of work areas, and the type, model, location and size of pro- posed fixed equipment and facilities. The Brazos Coun- ty Health Department shall approve the plans and speci- fications if they meet the requirements of these rules. No retail food store shall be constructed, ex- tensively remodeled, or converted except in accordance with plans and specifications approved by the regula- tory authority. (b) Pre -operational inspection. Whenever plans and specifications are required by Paragraph (a) of Subsec- tion 8 of this rule to be submitted to the Brazos Coun- ty Health Department, the Brazos County Health Depart- ment shall inspect the retail food store prior to its beginning operation to determine compliance with the approved plans and specifications and with the require- ments of these rules. 9. Procedure when infection is suspected. (a) When the regulatory authority has reasonable cause to suspect the possibility of disease transmis- sion from any retail food store employee, it may secure morbidity history of the suspected employee or make any other investigation as may be indicated and shall take appropriate action. The regulatory authority may re- quire any or all of the following measures: (1) The immediate exclusion of the employee from all retail food stores; (2) The immediate closing of the retail food store concerned until, in the opinion of the regulatory authority, no further danger of disease outbreak exists. 43 n 0 5 6 7 4 (3) Restriction of the employee's services to some area of the establishment where there would be no danger of other employees and of his and their body discharges. (b) Foodhandler's card. Each person working in a food establishment, or handling food, shall obtain a valid foodhandlers permit. This permit is to be issued by the Brazos County, Texas Health Department in accor- dance with all requirements for such instructionand/or examinations for disease as the health authority may designate. The permit shall be valid for such a time as the health authority may designate but not to exceed four (4) years. The permit shall be kept on file by the Brazos County Health Authority which shall in turn issue to the foodhandler a card attesting to the vali- dity of the permit. 10. Enforcement. (a) Penalties. Any person (or responsible agent of that person) who operates a retail food store, and who violates any of the provisions of these rules or who creates a public health hazard because of a failure to correct the violations stated in subparagraphs (1) through (3) of this paragraph is subject to prosecution in the municipal court of College Station, Texas, pur- suant to the general penalty provision of this Code. (1) All 4- or 5- point violations within the time specified by the regulatory authority. (2) Violations of these rules within a specified time when the retail food store rating score falls be- low 60. (3) Repeated violations of the same provisions of these rules. (b) Injunctions. The regulatory authority may seek to enjoin violators of these rules under the provisions of Article 4476-5, Texas Civil Statutes, The Texas Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. 11. Inspection report form. The Department adopts by ref- erence the Department Form entitled, "Retail Food Store In- spection Report", described in subsection 1 (b) of this sec- tion and available in the Department's Food and Drug Divi- sion Office, 1100 West 49th Street, Austin, Texas, 78756. 44 r05;75 I. Enactment Provisions. 1. Exceptions. (a) Building facilities and equipment. Building facilities and equipment in use before the effective date of these rules and which do not meet fully all of the design and fabrication requirements of these rules shall be acceptable if they are in good repair, capable of being maintained in a sanitary condition, and the food -contact surfaces (if any) are in compliance with this section of the Code. (b) New building facilities and new equipment. New building facilities and new equipment for which con- tractual obligations are incurred before the effective date of these rules, and which do not fully meet all the design and fabrication requirements of these rules shall be acceptable if they are capable of being main- tained in a sanitary condition and the food -contact surfaces (if any) are in compliance with the definition of safe materials in §A.2. of this title (relating to General Provisions). 2. Separability. If any provision or application of any provision of these rules is held invalid, that invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of these rules. II. It is ordained that this ordinance shall become effective from June 5, 1989 and after its passage in accordance with the City Charter of the City of College Station. PASSED, ADOPTED AND APPROVED THIS 25th DAY OF MAY, 1989. ATTEST: "1l DIAN JONES CITY SEC T Y APPROVED: - 45 - n05676