HomeMy WebLinkAboutUS Amateur Radio Alliance 1960
UNITED STATES CIVIL DEFENSE AMATEUR RADIO ALLIANCE
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE AND TRAINING MANUAL
FOR STATIONS IN THE
RADIO AMATEUR CIVIL EMERGENCY SERVICE
010
RP
RACES
"A Nationwide Communications Organization Dedicated to Civil Defense"
January 1960 MP-13
(Reprinted May 1961)
•'y
REPRODUCED JOINTLY
BY THE
UNITED STATES CIVIL DEFENSE AMATEUR RADIO ALLIANCE
AND THE
OFFICE OF CIVIL AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION
i
ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION
OF THE
UNITED STATES CIVIL DEFENSE AMATEUR RADIO ALLIANCE
"A Nationwide Communications Organization Dedicated to Civil Defense"
PURPOSE
The United States Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance is an advisory and
policy-forming group, members of which are the Radio Officers of the State
Civil Defense Administrations and their appointed alternates. The purpose
of the Alliance is continued study of the application of Amateur Radio to
Civil Defense communications, and, on the basis of such study, recommen-
dations to the State organizations for policies and procedures for utilization
of the Amateur Service. The objective of such recommendations shall.be
to provide the most effective communications service possible under the
Federal Communications Commission's Rules Part 12 Subpart B and the
policies of the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization to meet the needs of
the various states and communities. This objective will be achieved through
unanimous adoption by member States of recommendations which unify the
service and minimize interferences.
ORGANIZATION
NATIONAL
The membership of USCDARA shall comprise one delegate and an alternate
from each State. The delegate shall be the State Radio Officer, and the alter-
nate a licensed radio amateur duly enrolled in Civil Defense. The delegate
and his alternate are appointed to the Alliance by their State Director of
Civil Defense. One of the delegates shall be elected National Alliance Chair-
man by the membership of the Alliance.
Non-member representatives to the USCDARA shall be:
Chairmen of permanent Regional Committees (if not already serving as
delegates).
One from each OCDM Regional Office.
One from OCDM Operational Headquarters.
One from the American Relay League.
One from the Federal Communications Commission (Washington
Office).
One from the Department of Defense.
-2 -
REGIONAL
The Regional Alliances shall be subdivided by OCDM Regions as follows:
Regional Alliance States in Region
Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance, Maine, N. H., Vt., Mass.,
Region I Conn., R.I., N. Y, , N. J.
Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance, Pa., Del., Md., D. C. , Ohio,
Region II Va. , W. Va. , Ky.
Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance, N.C., S.C., Ga., Fla., Ala.,
Region III Miss., Tenn.
Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance, Mich., Ind., Wis., Ill.,
Region IV Minn. , Mo.
Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance, Tex. , La. , Ark., Okla., N. M.
Region V
Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance, Kans., Nebr., N. Dak. , S. Dak. ,
Region VI Colo., Wya.
Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance, Ariz., Calif., Nev., Utah.
Region VII
Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance, Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wash.
Region VIII
The membership of the Regional Alliances shall comprise two delegates
from each State in the Region, one of whom shall be the State Radio
Officer and the other a licensed radio amateur duly enrolled in Civil
Defense, and in addition a Chairman elected by the delegates. Non-member
representatives to each Regional Alliance shall be:
One from the Regional OCDM Office.
One from the American Radio Relay League.
One from the Federal Communications Commission
(appropriate district offices)
MEETINGS
Regional Alliances shall meet twice yearly and the National Alliance once
each year. Delegates and representatives shall be notified of meeting
dates and places at least four weeks in advance of the scheduled meeting.
Upon receiving such notice they shall reply stating their intention to attend
or the name of their alternate and suggesting any topics they wish to have
placed on the agenda.
CMTTMS
Each Regional Alliance and the National Alliance should have the foUowin<
permanent Committeesi
HF Allocation and Use.
VHF Allocation and Use.
Operating Procedure.
Mutual Aid.
Technical.
Organization.
The Chairmen of the Regional Corli^i ttoes shall comprise the rembership of tho
respective National Corritteos. 1111 Cor mittoe Chair-on shall be appointed by
their Alliance Chairman.
The work,of the CormAttees shall be initiated by their Chairman in consultation
with the Alliance Chairman or in accordance with the needs expressed at Alli^nco
neetings. The duties of the Regional Corittees shall be to administer the
recommendations of the National Corrdttee, to formulate new policies for
consideration by the National Eorum_ttee and to devise and roeomnond policies
suitable to the needs of their particular Region, provided tchat such policies
are not contrary to the adopted policies of the National Alliance.
Every endeavor shall be made to expedite and complete Corinittee work witnout
regard for Alliance meeting dates. Committee recommendations shall be
presented to the States as soon as possible for immediate approval and use.
All such presentations shall be made through the respective k1lianco Chairmen.
The prinary purpose of Alliance reetings shall be to fix policy and to discuss
new topics. This shall not, however, preclude consideration of and voting on
previously authorized Corm.ittee studies and reports.
DUTIES OF ALLLkNCE CHxIR W
The Alliance Chairman shall direct the activities of the ~'~lliance at tho
meetings, by consultation with the State Radio Officers and through his Con-
nittee Chairnon. He shall arrange; and announce the neetings and prepare the
agenda. He shall. distribute reports of the r.:eetings and other infornntion
of interest to the Alliance. He shall present Cormaittee recorr~endations to
the State Civil Defense Directors for approval and use and he shall preside at
Alliance neetings. Sinco the aim of the., Alliance is effectiveness through
cooperation, any issue not unanin usly approved shall be subjected to careful
consideration. In such instances the Chairman shall attempt to modify the
proposal so that it is acceptable to all delegates. If this is not readily
accomplished and if the motion is not critically urgont it nay bo referred to
the propc;r peri:wuent or special Cormlittee for further study and recommendation.
VINCENT T. KENNE Y
Chairman
U. S. Civil Defense Amateur Radio Alliance
TABLE OF CONTENTS
0 INTRODUCTION
0. 1 Reasons for Procedure
0. 2 RACES Requirements for Standardized Operating Procedure
1 PRINCIPLES
1.1 Definitions
1. 2 FCC Rules and Regulations
1. 3 Operating Procedure
2 TERMINOLOGY
2.1 Radiotelephone (Phone)
2. 10 Speech
2. 11 Calling, Transmitting, Signing
2.12 Words and Phrases
2.13 Phonetic Alphabet
2. 14 Numerals and Numbers
2.2 Radiotelegraph (CW)
2.20 Speed
2.21 Prosigns
2.22 Q Signals
2.23 QN Signals for Net Use
2.24 Calling, Working, Signing
3 STATION PROCEDURES
3, 1 Radio Station Logs
3.2 Frequency Data
3. 3 Equipment Requirements
4-- NETS
4. 1 Organization and Use
4. 2 Net Control Station
5 OPERATIONS
5.1 Actual (or Simulated) Emergency
5.2 Training Sessions
5. 3 Operating Details
5.31 Break-In
5. 32 Message Handling
5.4 Operating Examples
6 APPENDIX
6. 1 List of State Radio Officers (as of Jan. 1, 1959)
6.2 List of OCDM Communications Officers(RACES)
0 INTRODUCTION
This operating procedure was compiled by radio amateurs
from practices in general use, including many recommended by
the American Radio Relay League. It was written to provide a
uniform procedure for use in the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency
Service as required by the Federal Communications Commission
in their Rules, Part 12, Subpart B. It is proposed by the
Alliance as a standard for use in RACES operations in all States.
Its adoption by any State will make it the standard in that Civil
Defense Area.
0.1 Reasons for Proc.edure
(a) Radio Amateur Traffic Nets.
Programs involving the cooperation of individuals must be
based on the observance of certain rules of operation. These are
necessary to permit the activity to proceed without confusion and
with maximum efficiency. Radio amateur traffic nets are no excep-
tion and their practices, developed over many years of experience,
are written in the ARRL booklet "Operating an Amateur Radio Station."
(b) Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service Traffic Nets.
With the proficiency gained by practice of good procedure, a
traffic net becomes more efficient in the rate at which messages can
be accurately transmitted and received. Since the handling of traffic
is the primary function of RACES nets, efficiency in this regard is the
single goal toward which all rules and practice are to be directed.
0.2 RACES Requirements for Standardized Operating Procedure.
(a) Section 12.211, of Part B, of FCC Regulations, says in
part: "The various networks in adjacent areas.shall establish proper
liaison and a description of the arrangements shall become a part of
their respective civil defense communications plans. Such arrange-
ments shall provide for the efficient sharing of frequencies, plans for
operating procedure designed to avoid mutual interference, and the ex-
change of communication facilities upon an inter-area basis where need
for such exchange may arise."
(b) Operating procedure is the essential foundation for any
efficient traffic net. To enable compliance with the above quoted re-
quirements for " the exchange of communications facilities It it
follows that a uniform "Standard Operating Procedure" is mandatory for
all nets in RACES.
4 PRINCIPLES
1.1 Definitions
(a) RACES is a temporary amateur service in which operation is re-
stricted to specified frequency segments under direction of authorized Civil
Defense officials and pursuant to an approved CD communication plan.
(b) RACES Station is an amateur station authorized to operate in
RACES for Civil Defense communication.
(c) Civil Defense Communications are those signals essential to the
conduct of civil defense activities. These include any disaster or other inci-
dent endangering the public welfare as well as those of establishing and improving
communications and other civil defense functions.
(d) Civil Defense Authority is the Director of Civil Defense for the
area concerned, or his alternate or representative.
(e) Civil Defense Communication Officer is the official in, charge of
all civil defense communications.
(f) Civil Defense Radio Officer is the official in charge of all civil
defense radio communications.
kg) RACES Network is a group of stations or units of stations operating
on a single frequency under the direction of a control station. Stations or
their units may be members of more than one network.
(h) A Control Station is one designated to direct the use and opera-
tion of other stations in the same RACES network.
1.2 FCC Rules and Regulations
The general rules of the FCC governing the RACES are sununarized in
this section and in Section 3 on Station Procedure.
1.21 Compliance with FCC Rules
(a) Operators in this cor_ununicat on service are subliect to the pro-
visions of Part 12, Sub-part B of the FCC_"Rules Governing Amateur Radio
Service" and in all cases not specifically covered by Sub-part B, the pro-
visions of Sub-part A shall govern. In cases of conflict between these Sub-
parts, Sub-part B will govern operations in RACES.
(b) The responsibility for compliance with the applicable FCC rules
rests with the Civil Defense Radio Officer of the area in which stations are
authorized to operate. He will delegate the responsibility, as becomes neces-
sary, to his Alternate and Assistant CDRO and to the operators of Net Control
Stations.
(c) Civil Defense Radio Officers responsible for compliance with the
RACES rules must note that this "Standard Operating Procedure" manual does not
contain all the information required to properly meet the responsibility. FCC
rules where used in this manual are often paraphrased for simplicity. Correct
interpretation of the rules can only be made by reference to the official FCC
documents.
1.22 Operator Requirements
(a) All operators must hold (1) a valid radio operator license
(as described later in this paragraph), (2) a Civil Defense identifica-
tion card indicating the operator is actually enrolled and has satisfied
all Federal, State, and local requirements for enrollment, and (3) a
valid written certification by the chief of the civil defense organiza-
tion of the area in which they serve.
(b) Radiotelegraph operators shall hold:
(1) any class of amateur operator license other than the
Technician or Novice Class, or,
(2) any class of commercial radiotelegraph operator license
other than Temporary Limited Radiotelegraph Second Class
Operator License.
(c) Stations other than radiotelegraph, may be operated by the
holder of any class of amateur or commercial radio operator license
(other than a Temporary Limited Radiotelegraph Second Class or,an Air-
craft Radiotelephone Operator Authorization) provided, that holders of
Novice, commercial radiotelephone or radiotelegraph third class and re-
stricted operator permit shall
(1) not make any adjustments that might result in improper
transmitter operation,
(2) only operate equipment so designed that normal service
avoids any possibility of unauthorized radiations, and,
(3) shall only operate equipment that is regularly adjusted
for proper operation by the holder of either an amateur
license (other than Novice) or a commercial radiotelephone
or radiotelegraph first or second class license.
(d) The operator's license (or verification card FCC form 758-F)
and the Civil Defense identification card together with the certification
required in paragraph 1.22 (a) shall be carried,on the operator's person
or be immediately available.
(e) No operator in this service shall be certified as adequately
trained until he has demonstrated his understanding of and consistently
uses this Standard OFerating Procedure.
1.23 Permissible Communications 1.24
Stations in this service are authorized to transmit only the following
types of civil defense communications:
L
(a) Communications for training purposes:
Necessary drills and tests to insure establishment and maintenance of orderly
and efficient operation of the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service networks
and other radio stations and networks as may be associated therewith for the
conduct of civil defense communications, including communications directly con-
cerned with the conduct of practice alerts, practice blackouts, practice mobi-
lization, and other comparable situations as may be ordered 'or initiated by
competent civil defense authority or by the United States governmental or
military authority charged with the defense of the area concerned. All mes-
sages which are transmitted in connection with such drills and tests shall be
clearly identified as such by the use of the words "Drill Message" as the first
two words in the body of such message. If the purpose of the Drill Message is
for operator training and should not be delivered, the first five words in the
body of the message shall be "Drill Message Do Not Deliver."
(b) Communications when there is an impending or actual condition jeopard-
izing the public safety or affecting the national defense or security:
(1) Communications directly concerning the activation of the radio
amateur civil emergency station networks and associated stations
and networks.
(2) Communications directly concerning the conduct of service by
the radio amateur civil emergency networks and associated
stations and networks.
(3) Communications directly concerning safety of life, preservation
of property, maintenance of law and order, alleviation of human
suffering and need, and combating of armed attack and sabotage,
(4) Communications directly concerning the accumulation and dis-
semination of public information or instructions to the ac-
tivities of the civil defense organization or that of other
authorized governmental or relief agencies.
(5) Communications directly concerning the transaction of business
essential to public welfare.
(c) other than transmissions directly pertaining to the conduct of net-
work operation, all messages transmitted must be official Civil Defense traffic
and in the message form prescribed by the Civil Defense authority of the area
in which the station is operating. (See paragraph 5.32 for standard message
form) Prior to transmission, all messages must be in written form and should by
authorized by the signature of a competent civil defense authority. Where a
message is given to the operator verbally, he shall write it for signature prior
to transmission. Verbal messages leave no record at the originating station and
any error in such messages may reflect on the responsibility and/or ability of the
operator at the originating station. Finally, verbal messages are difficult to
repeat exactly and a request for fills from the receiving station could create
confusion and delay.
1.24 Limitations and Restrictions
(a) The use of stations is Iit;iited as follows:
(I) No station shall transmit any signal, message, or other com-
rpunication except with the permission of the control station
of the network. A station may, however, transmit such signals
as may be necessary to alert or make contact with the control
station or to transmit actual civil defense communications if
the control station is not operating.
(2) A station may also operate for the purpose of r_;rief tests and
ad_ustments providing that transmissions during such operations
do not cause harmful interference to conmiunications by any other
station.
(3) Stations may be operated at only such times and under such condi-
tions as may be prescribed by the Civil Defense Radio Officer
having Jurisdiction over the area in which the station serves.
(4) Stations may communicate only with the following stations:
I Other stations in this service
II Stations in the Disaster Communications Service
III United States Government stations which are authorized by
their agency to communicate with RACES stations
IV ,Stations in any service provided by FCC Rules whenever such
stations are authorized by FCC to communicate with RACES sta-
tions.
(b) Restrictions are as follows:
(1) Secrecy. All persons, including operators in this service are
subject to the provisions of Paragraph 605 of the Communications
Act of 1934 which states, in effect, No person, other than the
person to whom the message is directed, shall divulge, discuss
or make personal use of the information,intercepted, under penalty
of criminal proceedings and revocation of licenses.
(2) Profanity. No person within the jurisdiction of the United States
will utter any obscene, indecent, or profane language by means of
radio communications.
(3) Compensation. No station in this service shall be used to trans-
mit or to receive messages for hire, nor to transmit communica-
tions for material compensation, direct or indirect, paid or
promised.
(c) Codes and Ciphers
The use of codes and ciphers to transmit messages and other infor-
mation is prohibited unless such code or cipher is prescribed by
the competent Civil Defense Authority of the area and is approved
by the cognizant Federal Civil Defense authorities.
1.3 Operating procedure
(a) The basis for this SOP is that recommended in the AHRL booklet
"Operating an Amateur Radio Station." Certain essential features of normal
amateur operation must, however, be strictly observed in RACES.
(1) Immediate and complete compliance with the instructions of
the Net Control Station.
(2) Elimination of every transmission, and word, not essential
for conveying the intelligence.
(3) Thorough familiarity with SOP gained by study and by operating
experience.
(b) To maintain uniformity of operating procedure, to permit interchange-
ability,of communication facilities, suggestions for changes in this procedure
which might improve the efficiency of operations must be submitted to the Alli-
ance Committee on Operating Procedure for consideration and possible adoption.
2 TERMINOLOGY
Terminology, in radio transmission, refers to a set of words, symbols, and
code characters having definite meanings, and to the use thereof. Terminology
is used to convey commonly needed ideas and instructions in the lease possible
time. The principals of terminology are basically the same in both phone and CW
transmissions but the elements are necessarily different.
2.1 Radiotelephone (phone)
2.10 Speech
(a) Transmissions on radiotelephone circuits should be in a moderate tone
of voice and with natural emphasis on each word. Fast, excited or loud speech
will require repitition and therefore waste time. Transmissions will be as brie:.
as possible consistant with clearness. Special effort should be made at all
times to enunciate distinctly. Content of transmissions should be planned before-
hand to eliminate periods of unmodulated carrier. Words should be spoken in
uninterrupted sentences except when messages are being transmitted. At such
times the speaker must keep in mind the time required to write the message and
must not send more than one medium length phrase before pausing a sufficient
length of time to permit the writing of the phrase.
2.11 Calling, Transmitting, Signing
(a) Prologue for opening of a RACES net:
(1) Phone
This is (call letters), (Region, State, Area, County) net control
station in the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service, operating on
Kc by authority of the Federal Communications Commission and
2.11 Continued
the (Region, State) Director of Civil Defense. This is a directed
net, alerted for the purpose of (a training drill, an emergency).
Those not directly concerned with this RACES exercise are requested
to keep this frequency clear.
(2) CW (State net)
CQ (State abbreviation) CD (Call lets Imes.
QND - ANZ - (QSV for 5 seconds).
QNA (if no prearranged order of call.'
(b) Contact between stations is initially e s V. b 1 IL
of:
(1) Call sign of the called station
(2) "This is"
(3) Call sign of the calling station.
Example:
i
"W2ABC this is W2XYZ. "OVER."
The called station replies by saying:
"W2XYZ this is W2ABC. "OVER" Prior to "OVER", the stations may
insert additional information as the situation may require.
(c) After contact has been established, an exchange of transmissions can
take place without further identification provided that each transmission is not
more than three minutes in length and that identification signs are transmitted
at least every ten minutes. Except during brief transmission exchanges, each
transmission shall end with one of the two following words.
WORD MEANING
OVER My transmission to you is ended,
and I expect a response from you.
OUT My transmission to you is ended,
and no response is required or
expected.
(c) At the end of a series of transmissions the call sign of the called 2.'
station and the calling station is repeated as follows:
mui
Example:
"142ABC from W2XYZ OUT"
"W2XYZ from W2ABC OUT"
(d) When engaged in network operation, after a station has been fully
identified at least once, further identification ~y that station may be ac-
complished by abbreviated call signs or other distinctive signals prescribed
by the Civil Defense Radio Officer.
Example:
"ABC this is XYZ over" or "°A this X over"
When a RACES station consists Of more than one unit, the designator for the
unit will he prescribed by the Civil Defense Radio Officer. Designators are
so chosen that there will be a minimum possibility of mistaken identity. For
example, a station unit might be W2ABC-5R9 with 5R9 being used as the abbre-
viated call sign. 5R9 can mean area 5(of an entire state), town R and unit 9.
Thus the unit designator would be unique in the entire state.
(e) In;network operation, a station shall request permission to contact
the Net Control Station by saying:
"This is XYZ"
If the net control wishes him to speak, he says:
"XYZ, OVER" (If NCS understood the call letters).
If NCS did not understand which station called, he will say:
"Breaking Station. OVER"
Whereupon the breaking station says:
"This is XYZ (states reason for call) OVER"
If the NCS does not wish the breaking station to transmit at that time, he will say:
"XYZ, wait" or "Breaking station, Wait"
He will give the breaking station permission to transmit at the earliest possible
opportunity. If the breaking station has urgent traffic or other such business to
conduct; he will say:
"This is XYZ, URGENT, OVER"
(f) If a member station cannot "break-in" to the net control because trans-
missions of other stations do not permit sufficient pause, he can signal his de-
sires to the NCS by the "Carrier break" system. He does this by transmitting his
carrier for a fraction of a second. This will heterodyne with the carrier of any
other transmission to produce a "dot." One dot will mean "call me at your con-
venience " Two dots will mean "call me as soon as possible." Three dots will be
used to signal an emergency.
(g) Secret call signs (with stations never giving the full normal call
letter identification) can only be used under special conditions and must be
specifically provided fore by competent Civil Defense Authority under the reg-
ulations of FCC Rules Section 12.235.
2.12 :lords and Phrases_
Certain ;cords or phrases sho.-n _eloG, are to ',e used in radiotelephone com-
munications to shorten the transmission time. (See also 0 signals Section 2.22).
`4ORD OR PHRASE MEANING
I SPELL "I shall spell, the next vord phonetically"
MESSAGE EMERGENCY "I have an emergency message that must
be transmitted with no delay."
MESSAGE FOLLOWS ,tI am going to start transmission of
message.'
MESSAGE FOR YOU "I .rish to transrii.t a i,:essage to you.''
MESSAGE URGENT "I have an urgent message- to be trans-
' mitted with minimum delay.
NEGATIVE "Not received" - "No" "Incorrect"
NUMERALS "Numerals or numbers folloc,,."
i
READ BACK "Repeat this entire message t>.ack to
me exactly as received."
RELAY TO "Transmit this message to----.''
REPEAT BETWEEN---- "Used to get repeat of words bet,.een
AND-----. two indicated words in message.
ROGER "Your last transmission received."
SAY AGAIN "Repeat your last caord (phrase, or
message)."
SEND YOUR MESSAGE "I am ready to receive your message."
SILENCE "Cease transmissions immediately and
maintain silence until instructed to
resume."
SILENCE LIFTED "Silence on this net is no longer required."
Silence can be lifted only by the station
imposing it or by higher authority."'
SPEAK FASTER "Your transmission can E.e received ac-
curately at higher speed. Increase
speed."
2.12 (continued)
WORD OR PHRASE MEANING
SPEAK SLOWER "Your transmission is too fast. Reduce
speed."
THIS IS "This transmission is from the station
whose identification immediately follows."
UNKNO14N STATION "The identity of the station with whom I
am attempting to establish communications
is unknown."
VERIFY "Verify entire message (dr portion indicated)
with the originator and send correct version."
14AIT "I must ask you to wait a few seconds."
WAIT OUT ''I must ask you to wait longer than a few
seconds."
WILCO "Your last message received and will be
complied with."
T40RD AFTER "Repeat word in message after "
WORD BEFORE "'Repeat word in message before "
WORDS TWICE As a request. "Communication is difficult
send each phrase twice
Reada~>ility
I
It is sometimes necessary to determine how well a receiving station is
able to hear and understand a transmission. It is customary in such a case
for the transmitting station to say
"How do you read?'
The answer might e
"I read you loud and clear"
or
"I read you with difficulty, words twice " or
some other suitable answer.
Such signal reports are to be used only aahen necessary to establish or im-
prove communication and must 'Le kept as brief as possible.
2. 13
PHONETIC ALPHABET
It is recommended that the following International Phonetic Alphabet
be used whenever it is necessary to identify any letter of the alphabet:
A-ALFA J-JULIETT S-SIERRA I-WUN
B-BRAVO K-KILO T-TANGO 2-TOO
C-CHARLIE L-LIMA U-UNIFORM 3-TH-UH-REE
D-DELTA M-MIKE V-VICTOR 4-FOWER
E-ECHO N-NOVEMBER W- WHISKEY 5-FI-YIV
F-FOXTROT O-OSCAR X-XRAY • 6-SIX
G-GOLF P-PAPA Y-YANKEE 7-SEV-EN
H-HOTEL Q-QUEBEC Z-ZULU 8-AIT
I-INDIA R-ROMEO O-ZE-RO 9-NIN-ER
1
i
i
1
I
I
2. 2 - Radiotelegraph (U.')
2.20 Speed
.11 transmissions of net business must be sent at the highest speed at ri
which all memLer stations can make accurate written copy. All transmissions
of messages should ?:.e at the highest speed that the receiving operator can
make accurate wr;.tten copy. '
2.21 Prosigns
Procedure signs (prosigns) consisting of one or more letters or characters
or corm-inations thereof are used to facilitate communication ':.y conveying, in con-
densed form, certain frequently used orders, instructions; request and information
relating to communications. An overscore (line over two or more letters) indicates
that the letters overscored are to be transmitted as a single character (no pause
Let4een the letters.)
nany commonly used ;cords are abbreviated in C:' transmissions concerning the
conduct of net operation. Such abbreviations are not to :;e substituted for the
full spelling in messages.
Table of Commonly Used Prosigns
PROSIGN MEANING
AA All after
AB All before
ABT About
ADR Address
AGN Again
AR End of message
AS Wait
B More to follow
BK Break break me, break-;n.
BN k11 between; been
BT Long dash
B4 Before
C Yes; Correct; affirmative
CFM Confirm; and conform
CK Check
CL I am closing my station; call
CLD - CLG Called; calling
C"I Continuous wave
DE From (followed by call of sending station)
DI.,D Delivered
FM From
FQY Frequency _
GBA Give better address
GG Going
2.21 Continued
PROS IGP, MEANING
HR Here hear
HV Have
HW How
II Separative sign
Z~fI Repeat; I will repeat.
question mark.
K Go ahead (transmit)
MSG Message
N No: no more to follow negative
NIL Nothing: I have nothing for you.
N11 No more to follow.
NR ?aum 1, er
NW Now
OPR Operator
PBL Preamble (message heading)
R Received perfectly. all right,
OK.
RCVD Received
RPT Repeat; I repeat
RAC Receiver
SIG Signature; signal
SK End of transmission(s)
SITED Schedule
SVC Service (message)
TFC Traffic (messages)
TMW Tomorrow
TO To (message receipient)
TT That, Teletype
UR - URS Your, You are, Yours.
VFO Variable frequency Oscillator
VY Very
WA [cord after
WB (.cord before
WRD Word
14KD - WKG Worked: working
WL Well will
XMTR Transmitter
XTAL Crystal
2, 22 Q Signals
A list of Q signals is used to represent all or part of questions and
answers commonly needed in radiotelegraph communication. When fol-
lowed by a question mark (IMI) the meaning takes the form of a question,
SIGNAL QUESTION ANSWER, ADVICE OR ORDER
QRK (see "Readability" following this list)
QRM Are you being interfered with? I am interfered with.
QRN Are you troubled by I am being troubled by
atmospherics atmospherics
QRQ Shall I send faster? Send faster , words per min,)
QRS Shall I send more slowly'? Send more slowly , wpm).
QRV Are you ready? I am ready.
QRW Shall I tell , . . . that you Please tell . . . . that I am
are calling him? calling him.
QRX When will you call me again? I will call you at O'clock, I
on kc.
QRZ By whom am I being called? You are being called by .
QSB -,`Does the strength of my The strength of your signal
signals vary? varies.
QSL Can you give me acknowledg- I give you acknowledgment of
ment' of receipt? receipt.
QSO Can you communicate with I can communicate with
direct (or through direct (or through , ,
QSV Shall I send a series of VVV? Send a series of VVV.
QSZ Shall I send each word or Send each word or group twice,
group twice?
QTA Shall I cancel nr,, . as if it Cancel nr.., as if it had not t.
had not been sent? been sent.
QTB Do you agree with my number I do not agree with your number
of words? of words. I will repeat the
first letter of each word and
the first figure of each number.
QTC How many telegrams have you I have telegrams for you
to send? or for
QTH What is Our position My location is (by any
(location) ? indication).
QTR What is the exact time ? The time is
Readability
To determine how well a receiving station understands a CW transmission,
the question is asked as follows:
t~
.n
2.22 (continued)
"QRK IMI" The answer is: "R 1" or "R 2" or "R 5" as the
facts may be, based on the following definitions:
R1 - - - Unreadable.
R2 - - - Barely readable, occasional words distinguishable.
R3 - - - Readable with difficulty.
R4 - - - Readable with practically no difficulty.
R5 - - - Perfectly readable.
2.23 ON Signals for Net Use
In the operation of radiotelegraph networks and in the handling of messages,
several questions and answers are frequently required to be used. In the
interest of clearness and brevity, a set of ON signals is used as follows:
SIGNAL MEANING
QNA Answer in prearranged order of calls.
QNB Act as Relay Between . . . and . . . .
QNC All Net Stations Copy.
QND Net is Directed.
QNE Entire Net Please Stand By.
QNF Net is Free.
'QNG Leaving Net until . . . ; Please act as net control.
QNH Your Net frequency is High.
QNI Report Into Net or I Report Into Net.
QNJ Can you copy ?
QNK Transmit message(s) (for. . . . ) to . . . .
QNL Your Net frequency is Low.
QNM You are interfering with Please Stand By.
QNN Net Control Station is (on . kc. )
QNO Going Out of Net
4 QNP Unable to copy you due to Poor Conditions; will call you
4 later (or at . . . . )
QNQ Send your Information "QNC" or May I transmit message
"QNC" ?
QNR Answer . . . . and Relay (or Receive) traffic.
QNS Following Stations in Net
2. 23 (continued)
QNT Leaving Net Temporarily (or for . . . min. ) or
I request to leave Net Temporarily, etc.
QNV Please request . . . to send a series of VVV.
QNW Through Whom shall I relay message for . . . .
QNX You are Excused from Net or I request to be Excused.
QNY Please shift to another frequency (or to . . . kc. ) to
prevent interference with other Net stations (or to clear
traffic with . . . . .
QNZ Zero beat your transmissions to this frequency.
2.24 Calling, Working, Signing
(a) Calling
Contact is initially established between two stations by transmission
of the sign of the station with whom communication is desired, the prosign DE,
the identification of the station calling and the prosign IM.
Example:
"W2ABC DE W2XYZ *W"
The called station responds with:
"W2XYZ DE W2ABC K"
The calling station then states his business. No further station identification
is necessary.
(b) Working.
After contact is established, two stations may transmit in turn for
ten minutes before it is necessary to again identify themselves. If however,
separate transmissions by a single station are longer than three (3) minutes,
identification of both stations is again necessary. If the receiving station
or any other station wishes to break (interrupt) the sending station, he sends
"BV, whereupon the transmitting station ceases sending and listens. If other
than the,receiving station sends the "BK", the NCS will ascertain the reason
for the'1nterruption.
(c) When the transmission or exchange of transmissions between two
stations is completed, one of the stations uses the prosign ft to signify
completion.
Example:
"SK W2ABC DE Td2XY7"
(d) On network operation, after initial contact is established, the
call signs can be abbreviated or other distinctive signals can be used, Pro-
vided such abbreviations or signals have been prescribed by the Civil Defense
Radio Officer and listed by him.
Example:
"ABC DE XYZ K" or "A DE X K"
For utmost brevity in network operations, after initial contact with net
control has been made, the station calling net control can say:
"DE X"
To the net control this means that X (W2XYZ) wishes to transmit, so Net
Control replies:
"K" whereupon W2XYZ states his business.
If W2XYZ believes it necessary to first obtain the attention of the Net Control,
he first says:
"BK"
Net Control replies:
"VI
(states his business) ---------K"
W2XYZ says "DE X----------------------- (s
3 STATION PROCEDURES t{I
I F
:f
3.1 Radio Station Logs
Radio Aation logs must be kept in accordance with the following procedure.
(a) Fixed stations. Logs shall show:
(1) Name and address of licensee, call letters and unit number
(if any), name of RACES network (s), and input power. This
data is entered only once or whenever changed, with each
change being dated.
(2) Date and time at beginning and and of each operating
period, purpose of such operation and frequencies or
bands of operation. -
(3) Identification of all units contacted or called during
operating period.
(4) The signature of the person in charge of the station and
the signature of each operator must be shown giving the `.Y
dates and times of the beginning and,end of each duty
period for each person. Each page of the log in addition
to the first page must show the signatures, dates and
times of those in charge and actually operating.
(5) At the completion of each operating period, a summary
describing the nature of the operation, an estimate of
the record traffic handled and a report on any unusual
delays in message delivery shall be entered in the log.
i
(6) There shall be no erasure or obliterations of entries.
Corrections are made by crossing out the erroneous part
and initialing and dating the correction.
(b) Mobiles and portables are exempt from lqg-keeping when the
required entries are made at another station in the network.
(c) The current log shall be kept at the operating position.
The remainder shall be kept for one year by the Radio Officer except that
portions covering operations during actual emergencies shall not be de-
stroyed unless permission to do so is given by the FCC.
Logs are to be made available for inspection upon reasonable request
of any authorized representative of the Federal Government (FCC and FCDA).
i
3.2 - Frequency Data
3.21 Net Assignments
Frequencies used by stations in the service shall be within the bands
assigned.by FCC in Part 12, Sub-partB, Section 12.231. The specific fre-
quency used by each network shall be those assigned by the Civil Defense
Radio Officer in accordance with the communication plan approved for sta-
tion authorization in RACES.
3.22 Allowable Deviation
All transmissions of the Net Control Station and the member stations
of the network shall be within the following frequency range with respect
to the assigned frequency:
BAND MAXIMUM DEVIATION FROM ASSIGNED FRE^URNCY
1800 - 2000 KC 200 cycles per second
3500 - 4000 KC 200 cycles per second
28.55 - 29.65 MC 2 KC
50.35,'-- 53.75 MC 5 KC
145.17 - 147.33 MC 7.5 KC
220 - 225 MC 20 KC
3.23 Frequency Adjustment
Transmitters whose frequency is determined by crystal oscillators shall
be adjusted to within the specified frequency tolerance under conditions of
actual transmission and certified by the operator to be so adjusted in the
manner.prescribed by the Civil Defense Radio Officer. Transmissions will be
monitored for frequency determination at suitable intervals as determined by
the Civil Defense Radio Officer.
(a) Net Control -qtations if not frequency controlled by a crystal
oscillator as in Section 3.23 may be frequency controlled by a variable fre-
quency oscillator, provided that if a VFO is used, the Net Control Station
must adjust the frequency of his transmissions during each operating period
to the tolerance required in Section 3.22 with a suitable secondary frequency
standard.
(b) Member stations of a network whose transmitters are VFO con-
trolled shall zero beat their frequency to that of the Net Control Station
within the tolerance required in Section 3.22. This frequency adjustment
must be performed prior to their first transmission. It is specifically pro-
hibited to transmit from any station during the period while it is being ad-
justed to the frequency of the Net Control Rtation.
3.31 Transmitter AdLustments
The transmitter adjustmynts for proper opcrution on the spccified
frequency shall be made during special test periods and not during net
operations. In connection with the precise adjustment of VFG frequency,
dial settings of the variable elements such as condensers shall be per-
manently logged so as to make. unnecessary any violation of the above rule.
3.32 (a) Except under the conditions specified in paragraph (b) of this
section, all stations authorized to be operated in the Radio Amateur Civil
Emergency Service shall be capable of receiving on the same frequencies or
frequency bands utilized for transmission.
(b) When a station in this service is operated only on a single
frequency or frequency band for cross-band operation in communication witIl
a station or stations operating on another frequency or in another fre-
quency band, or in other services, such station shall he cap:.ible of re-
ceiving the station with which it is communicating.
(c) The direct modulation of an oscillator with a frequency sta-
ability less than that obtainable with crystal control, or the radiation
of a signal having simultaneous amplitude and frequency or phase modula-
tion, is prohibited on frequencies below 220 MC.
3.33 (a) Radiotelephone stations must be able to transfer from the con-
dition of reception to the condition of transmission ( and vice versa) in
not more than two seconds.
(b) Radiotelegraph stations must be designed and operated as "BREAK-
IN" stations. This means they must be able to hear a transmission of any
other station on the network in the pause between uz.y t,:o ac;r<_s of f ",_1"._
own transmission.
3.34 The band width of receivers must be such that; Aieal tuned to net
frequency, all stations transmitting within the prOscr-;>ed ;naxiriurr de-
4 NETS
4.1 Organization and Use
(a) A traffic net is a group of stations operating on the same fre-
quency at the same time, using a standard operating procedure and under
the control of a single station called the Net Control Station (NCR).
Net stations are chosen and nets are organized by the Civil Defense Radio
Officer in accordance with his RACES Communication plan. The station
locations are such that they are directly at (or can readily relay to)
the points to which communications are desired. Usually included on a
single net are stations having mutual message destinations. An example
would be a net consisting of a Civil Defense headquarters station and
stations at each of the Civil Defense subcenters coming under the ju-
risdiction of that headquarters. Messages directed to locations not
directly served by the net are relayed by designated member stations
to other nets serving such locations.
(b) Nets should be so designed by virtue of location, equipment
and operating frequency, that each station can communicate with each
other station. If this is occasionally impossible, the NCS or some
other ,kation can relay the messages. Some nets (for example, those
composed of radiological survey personnel reporting to their base of
operations) will only need to communicate with the NCS.
(c) The maximum number of stations on a net should be determined
by the probable number of messages that will have to be transmitted per
hour. The number per hour that can be transmitted on a single net will
v,ary with the average length of the message, the skill of the operators,
the type of transmissions, the operating conditions and the readability
of transmissions. Unless determined by actual tests, a figure of thirty
messages per hour can be assumed to be the practical maximum for either
phone or CW transmissions. Thus the number of locations that can be
expected to originate a total of thirty messages per hour can be taken
as the maximum number of stations that should be on one net. Under
conditions of low traffic load, the average net would be capable of
adequately handling many additional stations. Under emergency con-
ditions there will be an excessive traffic load and transmission delays
will occur. When all factors are accounted for, the average Civil De-
fense Radio Amateur Net will probably have some ten to fifteen member
stations (not including alternates).
I
4.2 Net Control Station
The efficiency with which net operation is accomplished depends almost
entirely on the operating ability, signal strength, familiarity with pro-
cedure and mental agility of the NCS. The net is no better than its NCS
regardless of the ability of the individual operators in the net.
(a) Selection of NCS. The Net Control Station should be chosen on
the basis of the following considerations:
(1) Ability to work all other stations in the net.
' (2) Operator ability and availability.
(3) Reliability of operation (freedom from power failure,
equipment failure, natural disaster, sabotage and
enemy attack).
(4) Freedom from necessity of originating or receiving
messages.
In the absence of the NCS, the next most suitable station should assume Net J~
Control until relieved by the regular NCS or other higher authority. 1
(b) Duties of the NCS. The NCS acts as director of operations to
the end that the maximum number of messages shall be handled each hour
and that the order of handling takes into consideration their relative
urgency. The NCS is charged with the following specific duties:
(1) Activating or silencing the net based on instructions
from competent Civil Defense Authority.
(2) Clearing traffic within the net.
(3) Dispatching traffic to points outside the net.
(4) Maintaining strict discipline and adherence to standard
operating procedure.
(5) Conducting practice sessions to train operators in op-
erating procedure and efficient handling of messages in
accordance with instructions issued by his Civil Defense t
Radio Officer. t
(c) Authority of NCS
(1) The authority of the NCS extends only to the operation of the
net on the air, and is in no way concerned with interior ad-
ministration of the stations. Within its scope, however, the e
authority of the NCS is absolute, its decisions are final and
its instructions must be strictly and immediately complied with.
c
(2) Success or failure of actual net operations depends on keeping
the net in order and operating swiftly and smoothly by exercis-
ing the powers invested in the NCS for this purpose. NCS may C
break into the net at any time, if, in his opinion, it is neces-
sary to aid the functioning of the net. NCS must keep a running
written record of stations in the net and the traffic they have f
for transmission. The NCS derives his authority from the Civil
Defense R dio Officer and is responsible to that Officer for the e'
conduct of the net.
~s
5 OPERATIONS
There are two principal types of operations used in RACES net:
(1) Those used in actual (or simulated) emergency situation:
(2) Those used in training sessions.
5.1 Actual (or Simulated) Emergency
Subject to compliance with specific State Civil Defense rulings, the following
general procedure shall be observed.
(a) On receiving the alert, the NCS and each member station will listen on
the assigned net frequency.
(b) On receiving permission from competent Civil Defense Authority, the NCS
will activate the net by calling the net, giving his call and directing that op-
erations may commence.
(c) Any station with a message originated by competent Civil Defense Author-
ity may then call the NCS and state his traffic. The NCS will then direct the
station(s) with traffic, when and to whom to transmit their messages.
(1) No station may transmit at this time even to make his presence
known, unless he has authorized Civil Defense traffic. If any
station has authorized traffic to transmit, prior to the ac-
tivation of the net, he may call the NCS provided-that competent
Civil Defense Authority has given him permission to transmit.
If NCS fails to respond, the station with traffic may, acting
as NCS, activate the net and proceed with operations.
(d) If there is no traffic stated in response to net activation (see
Par. 5.1 b. above), the NCS will then proceed with roll call to establish which
stations are in operation. A station with Civil Defense traffic may break into
the roll call at any time. Stations not present at the time of roll call will
break in to report to the NCS at a time when messages are not being transmitted
(after hearing a transmission to know that the net was activated).
(e) Following roll call, no member station shall transmit unless he has
Civil Defense traffic or urgent business pertaining to the conduct of the net.
Civil Defense traffic takes precedence over transmissions devoted to net op-
erations.
(f) The NCS will silence the net on receiving instructions to do so from
competent Civil Defense Authority.
(g) The NCS will close the net on receiving instructions from competent
Civil Defense Authority that no further operation is required.
(h) Simulated Emergency operations are conducted as above except for
frequent statements by the NCS that it is a "Simulated Emergency." The words
"'Drill Message" shall be the first two words in the text of all simulated
emergency messages.
5.2 Training Sessions
Subject to further instructions from the Civil Defense Radio Officer, the
following is suggested as a minimum training program.
(a) RACES nets shall conduct training sessions at least once each month
at times prescribed by the Civil Defense Radio Officer. (Weekly operations are
customary and desirable.)
(b) Training sessions will be devoted to improving the efficiency of the
service by attention to the following:
(1) Organization of net facilities and personnel including consid-
eration of special procedures, liaisons and operations that
will enable the particular net to function more efficiently
in an emergency. The development of alternate stations, in-
cluding Net Control Stations, and the training of relief op-
erators must be included in the program.
(2) Training in the accurate, rapid handling of test messages.
(3) Training in the use of the standard operating procedures.
This phase of the training should be conducted at all
times by the NCS in connection with (1) and (2) above.
(c) The order of business on the training session of a net should be
as follows:
(1) Activation of the net by NCS.
(2) Roll call by NCS at which time member stations will state
their traffic, if any.
(3) General bulletins by NCS, then by member stations.
(4) Messages relating to the organization and conduct of the
net.
(5) Inquiries, suggestion and discussion of special topics.
(6) Drill message handling (all such messages are to be copied
by all stations). The first two words in the text of these
messages shall be "Drill Message". Other special training
exercises are conducted at this time.
(7) Review and critique of operations by the NCS.
(8) Closing of the net by the NCS.
The training of the net in standard operating procedures is accomplishe
throughout the session by adherence to the specified procedures. The NCS will dela
as little as possible in transmitting any needed instruction regarding correct pro-
cedures.
(d) A monthly report by the chief operator of the NCS to the Civil Defense
Radio Officer should include the following information (when applicable):
(1) Date and time on the air of each training session showing
roll call data of each RACES station and operator assigned
to the net.
(2) Remarks on special topics discussed, changes in procedures
relating to the improvement in net operations and in the
training of operators.
(3) Resume' of test message practice.
(4) Estimates of net efficiency and statement of problems re-
lating to the conduct and efficiency of the net.
5.3 Operating Details
5.31 Break-In
(a) All transmissions in this service must be preceded by listening
on the net frequency to positively determine what operations are in progress.
When it is necessary and permissible to enter the net, it is done by "Break-
In" procedures. Break-in procedure on phone nets is described in Section
2.11 f and on CW nets in Section 2.24 L.
(b) The proper time for a station to break in is determined by the
relative priority of the business of the breaking station as compared to
the current operations on the net. A station with a message for immediate
delivery may break in on any exchange of transmission other than the handl-
ing of a message of greater priority. It will usually be advisable to wait
for the completion of a message being transmitted. Although the timing of
break-ins is a matter of judgement, it is not difficult for an alert op-
erator to conduct himself satisfactorily in this regard.
(c) During emergency operations, transmission shall be momentarily
halted ~t least once every two minutes to permit break-in stations to be
heard.,,, During training sessions, transmission as long as three minutes
can be used. These pauses shall also be used during the transmission of
lengthy messages which will give the receiving station an opportunity to
ask for "fills",(message repeats) if necessary.
(1) A phone station will provide the required momentary in-
terruption by saying "Break's (to indicate that the trans-
mission is incomplete), and then turning off his carrier
for a few seconds. If in the pause, there is no trans-
mission (other than from the station being worked), then
the exchange of transmissions will continue. If there is
a breaking station the NCS will take charge to determine
the station identity, business and to issue the necessary
instructions. The NCS can take control at any break-in
pause and will always do so when a "Carrier break" type
of signal has been heard prior to the pause in tran~-
mission.
(2) A CW station can usually be S.nterrupted during the fre-
quent natural pauses in the transmission. If such occur,
the NCS will take charge of the situation as indicated
Par. (1) above. CW stations will call for tills and pr(
vide an interruption in lengthy messages by sending "B
5.32 !~Iessa,;e Handlin_
message s'handledt' on a rau'~o corcaunication circuit .~~eans that a
message was transmitted and that the receiving station immediately acknowl-
edged itt receipt. The final delivery of a message to its destination is
often accomplished by a second means of communications. If, for any reason,
delivery cannot be made, then a "services" message is sent to the on inatin"
station informing them of the situation.
(a) Authorized Civil Defense messages handled through iUACES networks
will vary in form depending on the standards chosen by local Civil. Defense
authorities. It is the function of the RACES operator to transmit the mes-
sage exactly as given to him by authorized Civil Defense personnel. It is,
however, the duty of the Civil Defense Radio Officer to suggest message
forms that are conducive to rapid and accurate transmission of information.
A message form must at least include the essential elements of address and
text. If the originating station operator finds the message to be improp-
erly made out (insufficient address, etc.) he will return it to the orig-
inating authority for revision.
(b) It is important to the service that each-message be in written
form and authorized by competent Civil Defense Authority before transmis-
sion for the following reasons:
(1) Greater ease and accuracy of transmission.
(2) To enable the accurate transmission of "repeats" when the
receiving station so requests.
(3) To fix responsibility for message authorization on compet-
ent Civil Defense Authority other than the station opera-
tor. It is recognized that an operator may be authorized
to originate Civil Defense messages as a function apart
from his RACES operating duties.
In mobile and hand-held operation there will be a tendency to request
transmission of messages given verbally to the operator. It is the duty of
the Civil Defense Radio Officer to consult with the Civil Defense Communica-
tions Officer and/or the Civil Defense Director regarding the undesirability
of this practice and to suggest that it be held to a minimum. It is permis-
sible, when practical, for the station operator or his assistant to do the
actual writing of the message for the originating authority.
Because so very many diversified message forms are used, not only by
States, but also within States, a standard message form is not contained
herein. Pages 5.321 through 5.32-10 describing a sample form in previous
issues have been deleted.
Time Conversion Table
For the purpose of converting Eastern Standard, Eastern Daylight Saving,
Central Standard, Mountain Standard, or Pacific Standard Times to Greenwich
Mean Time, the following may be used:
EST EDST CST MST PST GREENWICH (Z)
0001 (12:01A) 0101 ( 1:01A) 2301 2201 2101 0501
0100 ( 1:OQA) 0200 ( 2:OQA) 24oo (Mid.) 2300 2200 o6oo
0200 ( 2:OQA) 0300 ( 3:OOA) 0100 24oo 2300 0700
0300 ( 3:OQA) 0400 ( 4:00A) 0200 0100 24oo 0800
0400 ( 4:OOA) 0540 ( 5:44A) 0300 0200 0100 0900
0500 ( 5:OOA) 0600 ( 6:00,A) 04oo 0300 0200 1000
o6oo ( 6:OoA) 0700 ( 7:OQA) 0500 0400 0300 1100
0700 ( 7,:00A) 0800 ( 8:oOA) 0600 0500 0400 1200 (Noon)
0800 ( 8:OOA) 0900 ( 9:OQA) 0700 0600 0500 1300
0900 ( 9:OOA) x.000 (10:00A) 0800 0700 0600 1400
1000 (10:OOA) 1100 (11:OOA) 0900 0800 0700 1500
1100 (11:OOA) 1200 ( Noon ) 1000 0900 0800 1600
1200 ( Noon ) 1300 ( 1:000 1100 1000 0900 1700
1300 ( 1--OOP) 1400 ( 2:00P) 1200 (Noon) 1100 1000 18oo
1400 ( 2:000 1500 ( 3:OOP) 1300 1200 (Noon) 1100 1900
1500 ( 3:000 1600 ( 4:OOp) 1400 1300 1200 (Noon) 2000
1600 ( 4:oQP) 1700 ( 5:OOP) 1500 14oo 1300 2100
1700 ( 5:000 1800 ( 6:Oop) 1600 1500 14oo 2200
1800 ( 6:0op) 1900 ( 7:00P) 1700 1600 1500 2300
1900 ( 7:OOP) 2000 ( 8:oap) 1800 1700 1600 2400 (Mid.)
2000 ( 8:OOP) 2100 ( 9:oop) 19oo 1800 1700 0100
2100 ( 9:OOP) 2200 (10:OOP) 2000 1900 18oo 0200
2200 (10: OOP) 2300 (11: OOP) 2100 2000 1900 0300
2300 (11:OOP) 2400 ( Mid. ) 2200 2100 2000 0400
2400 ( Mid.) 0100 ( 1:OOA) 2300 2200 2100 0500
ABBREVIATIONS
Services for l^,cal use, ;nl~' )
AWS Aircraft Warning Service
C Communications
CAP Civil Air Patrol
CH Chaplain
F Fire
M Medical
P Police
PI Public Information
PU Public Utilities
PW Public Works
R Rescue
RD Radiological
S Supply
T Transportation
W Welfare
WD Warden
Installations
ACP Aid Check Point
CC Control Center
CRB Cenral Registration Bureau
EH Emergency Hospital
HS Holding Station
MSAD Medical Supply & Assignment Depot
PMA Primary Medical Aid Station
RC Reception Center
RI Registration & Information
RU Registration Unit
SD Supply Depot
SMA Secondary Medical Aid Station
WC Welfare Center
Miscellaneous
CD Civil Defense
CDD Civil Defense Director
RUM NO Reference your message No.
SP State Police
5.4 Operating Examples
The material in this section illustrates most of the common elements of stand-
ard operating procedure. The net chosen for the example is a state-wide type where
either phone or CW operation may be used. An actual emergency operation is describe
in order to cover the most important procedures. For simplicity, the net is assumed
to consist of only a NCS and five member stations. The net call is W2JVG with the
state headquarters station using the call without a unit number. Units ONE, T'.0,
THREE and FOUR are in the headquarters of Civil Defense Areas similiarly numbered.
Unit TEN, not located at a Civil Defense headquarters, serves as the Net Control Sta
t i~}rk
TRANS-
MISSION -
NUMBER PHONE REMARKS CW
1 New York State RACES In this situation the NY NY NY DE W2JVG W2JVG
Net this is W2JVG. net is activated by GA QRRR K
Proceed with Emergency the state headquarters
Operations. OUT. station on orders from
the State Director
2 This is W2JVG TEN After a delay of about NY DE TEN QNN QNI K
Net Control Roll Call one minute during which
OVER. time there are no trans-
missions (no authorized
traffic to be sent), the
NCS asks for Roll Call.
3 This is W2JVG ONE. Member stations report DE W2JVG1 K
OVER. in prearranged order
(numerical in this case).
,42JVG does not-report as
his presence is already
known.
4 Roger ONE OVER The NCS acknowledges the R 1
presence of Unit ONE. The
full calls need not be
used after the initial use
of each one.
5 BREAK A station with traffic BK
interrupts the roll call.
The "carrier break" sys
tem is not required in
this instance since no
transmission was being in-
terrupted.
6 Breaking Station The NCS invites the break- K BK
go ahead. ing station to transmit.
The word "OVER" is not al-
ways used, especially where
the nature of the transmis-
sion makes clear the need
for immediate reply.
7 This is 1,J2JVG The word "message", is not DE W2JVG3 QTC 1
THREE. One for necessarily required. The SC K
State Control, use of QTC on CW serves to
OVER. sepArate two unrelated num-
bers.
TRAP
MISS
NM13ER PHONE
3VG this is TEN. NCS directs W2JVG to S( ;x= ,3 a`'' `';rt
$
Call THREE. call unit THREE
message.
9 THREE this is JVG. State Control is ready
Send your message. to copy t message.
He reads THREE satis-,
factorily since no me,w
tion is made of any
difficulty.
10 Message follows: Message is transmitted - :I NS
From Area Three
From Area Three To ---(as in phone
State Director Num- example---)=----
ber 14 3 DEC Need 'ST Director AREA 3
equipment for 3 AR K
major fires Laurel
County Signed Di-
rector AREA 3 END
OF MESSAGE OVER.
t12JVG acknowledges R K
11 Roger OUT.
receipt of the mes-
sage.
12 This is TEN The NCS requests the NY DE TEN QNA K
Continue Roll Call roll call to resume.
OVER.
This is W2 In the middle of the DE W2 - BK - 2 K
13
(heterodyne is heard) W2JVG-2 transmission
TWO OVER. a breaking station is
heard. This is only
for example since a
station with traffic
would not need to
break a brief roll
call transmission.
The NCS acknowledge
14 Roger TWO
breaking station go TWO and calls for t'k-
ahead. . breaking station.
15 This is W2JVG FOUR. { .
One for State Contr+?
Two for Area One Cox
L
trol, C"^R.
GPO 810542-2
TRANS-
MISSION
NUMBER PHONE REMARKS CW
16 ONE this is TEN call Since there was no 1 DE TEN QNR 4 K
FOUR and receive mes- indication of pri-
sage, OUT. ority, the NCS directs
Unit FOUR to first
send his State Control
traffic. Assume this
is completed as in
transmissions 10 and
11. Then NCS directs
transmission of the
next message.
17 FOUR this is ONE. Unit ONE does not read 4 DE 1 QSV
Call me. OVER. Unit FOUR satisfactorily
and wishes to hear the
Unit FOUR signal again
before the message trans-
mission is started.
18 ONE this is FOUR. FOUR calls ONE briefly. VVVVVVVV
ONE this is FOUR Since he makes no men-
OVER. tion of difficulty, he
evidently reads ONE
satisfactorily.
19 FOUR this is ONE. Unit ONE breaks into VVV QRS QRV
Speak slowly. the string of Vs on CW.
Send your message
OVER.
20 Message follows From Unit FOUR sends the mes- Hr msg From-------
Area 4CC to Area 1 CC sages - slowly - as re- ---(as in phone ex-
Number 5 3 DEC RUM 7 quested. ample)
Reserve squad will ar- Brown. Mr
rive 1400 hours. Brown.
END OF MESSAGE. OVER
21 All Between Squad and Unit ONE did not copy SQUAD tMT 1400
1400. OVER. the message perfectly
and asks for a repeat
of the text between
the word "Squad" and
the word "1400."
Usually on CW however,
the receiving station
will break in the mo-
ment he misses a word
making it unnecessary
to wait for the mes-
sage for the fills.
TRANS -
Mi is S IG.N
NU11EER PHONE REMARKS CW
22 Squad will arrive The "repeat" is SQUAD WILL ARRIVE
1400. OVER transmitted. 1400 K
23 Roger OUT Receipt of the
message is ack-
nowledged by UNIT
ONE.
24 ONE this is FOUR. Unit FOUR is not QSL 11~'I K
Do you Roger? OVER. certain that Unit OPi"
received the message
correctly since he did
not hear the last trans-
mission.
25 FOUR this is TEN. The NCS informs Unit QSL NR 5
Roger Number FIVE FOUR that his message
OUT. Number 5 has been ack-
nowledged by Unit ONE.
L
26 This is JVG W2JVG has been in- NY DE SC QNE QNE
Silence OUT. structed by compet-
ent Civil Defense
Authority to im-
mediately cease all
transmissions.
27 Break An unidentified sta- BK
tion did not hear the
previous instruction
and requests permission
to transmit.
28 This is JVG W2JVG must repeat the QNE QNE
SILENCE. instruction. In this
case where NCS is not
at headquarters, he
does not resume control
until W2JVG reactivates
the net.
29 This is JVG W2JVG has received in- TEN DE JVG QNC K
Silence lifted structions to resume
OUT. operations of the net.
30 This is W2JVG The station at head- NY DE W2JVG QNX
Emergency Operations quarters receives in- QNO SK W3JVG CL
New York State RACES structions from competent
Net are completed. Civil Defense Authority
OUT. that no further opera-
tions are needed.
6.1 APPENDIX
STATE RACES RADIO OFFICERS
September 1960
Alabama. Lawrence J. Smyth W4SX
Alaska Jack M. Walden KL7BK
Arizona Aaron Friend W7DRC
Arkansas Allen F. Robinette
California J. H. Grubbs W6VYE
Colorado Quentin Fuller WOWIR
Connecticut John L. Henley W1EOR
Delaware Roy Belair W31YE
District of Col. Walter C. Lockart W3PWB
Florida Arthur R. Melvin Wpm
Georgia A. J. Farr W4TJS
Hawaii Sam H. Lewbel KH6AED
Idaho Paul L. Hacker W70CR
Illinois Jack Stanton W9PSP
Indiana Frank Carroll WNVQ
Iowa Claude Borrett WOVWF
Kansas Omar Jones
Kentucky' J. B. Wathen W4BAZ
Louisiana Kenneth J. Jumonville KSBES
Maine Donald R. Dean W1BYK
Maryland Harry Boone W3NPL
Massachusetts Ray Boardman W1BL
Michigan Hans Suzena.a.r K8AFI
Minnesota Robert Beck
Mississippi A. R. Cortese W50TD
Missouri John 0. Edwards
Montana Ray Woods W7SFK
Nebraska Francis B. Johnson WOJDJ
Nevada George B. Criteser W7ZT
New Hampshire Wm. E. Goldthwaite W1BXU
New Jersey Lloyd J. Manamon W2VQR
New Mexico Francis J. Gormley WSKWR
New York Vincent T. Kenney W2BG0
North Carolina Max J. Silvers w4HUW
North Dakota Gustave V. Schnaidt KOIQJ
Ohio George T. Young WBZQX
Oklahoma Ed P. Burns KSKFS
Oregon Leo A. White W7AGS
Pennsylvania Paul D. Mercado W3FBF
Rhode Island Thomas McCormick W1PAZ
South Carolina Carlton R. Commander W4ZRH
South Dakota Myron C. Jones WOOXC
Tennessee John M. Dortch W DDF
Texas
Utah F. L. Hinshaw W7UTM
Vermont Robert H. Bull
Virginia Wm. Sampson, Jr. W4TLR
Washington Michael S. Volster K7EFK
West Virginia John A. Davies WBHZA
Wyoming Wallace Cranard W9YQH
6.2 APPENDIX
LIST OF OCDM COMMUNICATIONS PERSONNEL (RACES)
OCDM National Clyde Hendrix WOHBG/3
National Hdq. Representative
Executive Off. Bldg.
Wash. 25, D. C.
OCDM RACES Leo C. Haijsman W8KA
Operational Hdq. Coordinator
Battle Creek, Mich.
OCDM Director of Com. Wm. Whitfield
Region 1 RACES Officer Ben K. Rush K1IZU
Oak Hill Road
Harvard, Mass.
OCIM Director of Com. Austin Sparks
Region II RACES Officer Rudolph V. Tarquinio K4LOJ
Olney, Maryland
OCDM Director of Com. Curtis Steed W4POI
Region Ili RACES Officer Claude Carroll
P. 0. Box 108
Thomasville, Ga.
OCDM
Region IV Comm. officer James McGlynn
Battle Creek, Mich. RACES Officer Position Not Filled
OCDM
Region V RACES Officer Robert G. Bender K5AEX
TSCW Stn.
Denton, Texas
OCDM Director of Com. Ed. W. Rapp
Region VI RACES Officer Gene E. Stewart WOWBC
P. 0. Box 8878
Univ. Park Stn.
Denver, Colo.
OCDM Director of Com. Roy I. Post WA6FUN
Region VII RACES Officer Ray T. Bowers WA6JNY
Santa Rosa, Calif.
OCDM Director of Com. Wilke Cruse WAY
Region VIII RACES Officer Fred Donica K7JQK
Everett, Wash.
GPO 810542-I