HomeMy WebLinkAbout1986 - Organization and Management Studyc
� CITY OF COLLEGE STATION
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
STUDY
FINAL REPORT
SEPTEMBER 1986
46
,nn, Arthur Young
P.O. DRAWER 18329
AUSTIN, TEXAS 78760
Number 11
TEXAS STATE BOARD OF
REGISTRATION
FOR PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS
(512)440-7723
OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER
ATTORNEY GENERAL
RULES AGAIN ON
COMPETITIVE BIDDING
In 1984 the Attorney General issued
Opinion No JM-155 which states in
summary that "Article 664-4,
V.T.C.S., (the Professional Services
Procurement Act), does not prohibit
the inclusion on a questionnaire sub-
mitted to engineers or architects being
considered for employment of any
question designed to elicit information
regarding professional fees which such
engineers or architects would find ap-
propriate for the project being consid-
ered." Stated elsewhere in the opinion,
the act "does not prohibit the inclu-
sion of a question designed to elicit
information regarding fair and reason-
able fees or cost estimates."
The Board subsequently proposed
to amend Disciplinary Rule (DR) 5.4
restricting competitive bidding by en-
gineers by provisions which paralleled
the federal Brooks Act. On review by
the Attorney General's Office, the
Board was advised that it did not have
the authority to make such a rule
without further explanation.
A request for clarification and gui-
dance on the proposed rule resulted in
Opinion No. JM-457, issued on
March 24, 1986. This opinion recon-
firmed the conclusions reached in JM-
155 that while the procurement "Act
expressly prohibits the awarding of
contracts for certain professional ser-
(Continued on nev page)
1917 IH 35 SOUTH
AUSTIN, TEXAS 78741
October 1986
(Continued from last page)
vices on the basis of competitive bids,
it clearly requires an agency to award
such contracts `on the basis of demon-
strated competence and qualifications
for the type of professional services to
be performed and at.%air and reasona-
ble prices.' " "Therefore, the imposi-
tion of fees must be one factor
considered by any agency in awarding
a contract for such professional ser-
vices. however, it cannot be the onlY
factor to be considered."
Opinion No. JM-457 pointed out
with respect to the Brooks Act that the
state procurement act "does not con-
template a bifurcated process, rather,
the act requires that political subdivi-
sions must award contracts for profes-
sional services in a one-step process to
a professional who is selected on the
basis of demonstrated competence
and qualifications.... and at fair and
reasonable prices...... Further, "the
rulemaking power of administrative
agencies does not permit the promul-
gation of rules which are inconsistent
with the expression of the legislature's
intent in statutes other than those
under which the rules are
promulgated."
As a result of the strong position
taken in JM-457, the Board has been
advised by counsel to take no further
action to modify the current provi-
sions of DR 5.4 until such time as the
Professional Services Procurement Act
may be amended.
CITY MANAGER
PUBLIC INFORMATION
OFFICER y, �• . ,
I
ASSISTANT CITY MANAGER
ASSISTANT CITY MANAGER
(MANAGEMENT SERVICES)
(COMMUNITY SERVICES)
I
I
FINANCE '
PARKS b RECREATION
* Administration
* Administration
* Accounting
* Parks
* Revenue i '•.- ^_
* Recreatil n
MGMT INFO SERVICES
PUBLIC SERVICES
i - ? "c
* Street d Drainage
ADMIN. SERVICES
* Solid Waste
* Purchasing
* Garage
* Municipal Court
* Budget/Research _
POLICE
* Administration
* Operations
* Support
FIRE
* Administration
* Prevention
* Suppression
* EMS
�..-'-.; •�
- - � ice\ l
'=
OCTOBER 15, 1986
PERSONNEL
DIRECTOR OF UTILITIES
WATER b SEWER
* Administration
* Water Production
* Water Distribution
* Wastewater Collection
* Wastewater Treatment
ELECTRICAL
* Administration
* Distribution
* Transmission/Tech
^ll KatS Y6'Qo54�
-Low SCC-OY ogh�Zm�+O�
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS
* Planning
* Engineering
* Bldg. Inspection
* Community Development
******EXPENSE SUMMARY # m
SALARY &
NEW POSITIONS BENEFITS
------------------ ---------
ASSISTANT CITY MANAGER - MANAGEMENT SERVICES 63744
FINANCE DIRECTOR 57376
ADMIN. SVCS, DEPARTMENT 51009
ASSISTANT CITY MANAGER - COMMUNITY SERVICES 63744
TOTAL OF NEW POSITIONS $275,873
UPGRADED POSITIONS (DIFFERENCE)
------------------------------------
;SST TO CITY MANAGER - PUBLIC RELATIONS 1681
MISCELLANEOUS 25000
TOTAL $26,681
DELETED POSITIONS
------------------------------------
ASST CITY MANAGERiFINANCE DIRECTOR 76570
TOTAL OF DELETED POSITIONS
TOTAL EXPENSE (NEW POSITIONS + UPGRADED - DELETED)
185,984
TOTAL EXPENSE (SALARY + BENEFITE)
36,000
CONSULTING FEES (3 Positions t12,0001
�1�4P IA
(F
4 73.312)
TOTAL $ (UTILITY FUND)
r'
# ( 9.562)
TOTAL * (SANITATION FUND)
I,1 :;"10 TOTAL GENERAL FUND EXPENDITURE
' f/OO/Deep
PUBLIC INFORMATION/MARKETING
ROLE: The Public Information/Marketing element should be a
facilitor for the flow of information in and out of the City
in a professional, efficient and effective manner. It
should also develop and implement a plan to project a
positive, service -oriented image to local citizens,
visitors, business,and industry in order to promote citizen
satisfaction and economic growth.
JOB SUMMARY: The transmittal, receipt, collection, analysis and general
management of City information through the municipal system
and into the various publics in order to provide better
service through continual two-way communications.
Utilization of a variety of market strategies to promote,
advertise, and sell the services and benefits of the City.
JOB SCOPE:
NEWS MEDIA
CITIZENS
COLLEGE STATION INDE-
PENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT\\
TEXAS
BRAZOS COUNTY -------,—_
CITY OF BRYAN
A&M UNIVERSITY
STATE AGENCIES X,
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE -
CONVENTIONS & VISITORS
CITY MANAGER
CITY COUNCIL
CITY DEPARTMENTS AND
DIVISIONS
\\ CITY BOARDS AND
COMMISSIONS
INDUSTRIAL FOUNDATION
Media
Citizens
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
PUBLIC INFORMATION
1. Attend workshop and council meetings providing
packets and help and sitting with media.
2. Scheduling interviews or calling press conferences
for Mayor, Council, City Manager, and Departments, as
needed:
3. Prepare and distribute press releases and public
service announcements.
4. Develop a plan for emergency or crisis reporting.
1. Work with citizens and citizen groups to communicate
needs and concerns to City Council and City Staff.
2. Prepare publications for citizens, such as,
brochures or flyers listing and explaining city
services.
3. Prepare slide presentation for use with citizen
groups to help inform and explain city services.
4. Survey citizens to identify strengths and weaknesses
of city services.
School District
1. Work with school district on citizen newsletter.
2. Inform district of City activities that might impact
their operation.
Texas A&M University
1. Inform the University of City activities that might
impact their operation.
2. Encourage information from TAMU that might impact
City operations.
3. Work with TAMU Information office.
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITES, continued.
Brazos County and City of Bryan
1. Keep informed of City activities that might have an
impact on their operation.
2. Receive and distribute incoming information from
City Council, City Manager, Departments
1. Keep informed of activities of outside agencies that
impact City.
2. Assist with news media interviews, press conferences,
etc. (Perhaps training session on working with
media) .
3. Plan, organize, or assist in public relations
efforts, such as, City Open House, visits by state
agencies, city tours, or grand openings, etc.
4. Publicity for City special events.
Chamber of Commerce/ Convention & Visitors Bureau -
Industrial Foundation
1. Keep these organizations informed of City activities
as they relate to tourism, economic development, and
business and industry.
2. Receive information from these organizatons and
distribute to Council, City Manager, Departments and
Committees as needed.
3. Keep information on Yearly Calendar kept by
Convention & Visitors Bureau.
State Agencies
1. Provide two-way information as necessary.
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITES, continued.
Marketing
1.
Identify and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of
present city services and image perceived through
citizen surveys.
2.
Determine what image we
want to project.
3.
Determine what services
need improvement, deletion or
can be better utilized.
4.
Working with an outside
public -sector marketing
program, as well as local
organization, develop an
overall market plan to:
a. Improve the City's
image
b. Promote civic pride
C. Increase the use of
revenue -producing services
d. Attract tourists
e. Stimulate economic
development
Public Information
Attend Deputy City Manager's staff meetings to prepare and
review council agendas, so as to transfer correct information
to the media.
Attend City Council meetings and work sessions, sitting with
the media and providing council packets for them.
Call Press Conferences for Mayor, Council Members, Department
Heads, as needed.
Prepare and distribute press releases.
Issue Public Service Announcements weekly to T.V., radio and
print media.
Every 6 weeks, bulk mailings to 5 state region from H.O.T.C.O.G.,
Chamber of Commerce, Baylor School of Economic Development and
the city.
Participate in drills and briefings with Emergency Management.
Provide liason between Disaster Control Center and the media.
Attend Hotel/Motel Association meetings. Attend Public Relation
Society of America meetings. Participate in Texas Association
of Municipal Information Officers ( a division of TML).
Research such as critique of Rand McNally Municipal Rating
Guide's Waco entry.
Tourism
Design marketing plan for the city, including advertising.
See 86-87 Budget. Includes development of brochures, print
placement, billboards, etc.
Maintain records of attendance at tourist attractions, assist
travel writers, respond to requests for copy and photographs
from magazines.
Advertising
Write and coordinate marketing plan for the City of Waco.
Design new city logo, business cards, city stationary, City
Manager's stationary, Mayor's stationary.
Design and print posters for special events.
Participate in Ad Club.
Department Heads
`4lie� Iry
Respond to needs of individual departments. Examples:
City Manager - Organize schedule for visiting state agency's
meeting (tours, meals).
Texas Ranger Hall of Fame - Design and print brochures.
Community Development - Write and design Central Business
District marketing materials.
Finance - Write years activity summary for city audit.
Parks & Recreation - Help in selection process and uniform,
patch and badge design for Waco Park Rangers.
Special Events
Provide support - from liason between Texas Air Expo and the
Concorde to helping the Mayor string twinkle lights (at midnight)
for a boat parade.
We make arrangements for, offer information, chair committees,
etc. for such events that bring citizens to Waco.
Celebrate Waco! (City Sesquicentennial historic trade show
observation)
Brazos River Festival (festival and historic homes tour)
"Coors May Classic" Dragboat Race
Texas Air Expo (airshow)
Freedom Frolic (July 4th fireworks, bands)
State Little League Softball Tournament
"Texas Shootout" Dragboat Race
Paseo De Luz (lighted boat parade)
SDBA Summer Nationals
Great Texas Raft Race
H.O.T. Fair and Rodeo
Baylor Homecoming
B.U. Parents weekend
Austin Avenue Fall Festival
Wild West Century Bike Ride
Art Center Auction
Fort Fisher Art Show and Sale (Texas Ranger Hall of Fame)
Christmas On The Brazos
Lake of the Lights (lighted boat parade)
Support can be simply releasing Public Service Announcements to
chairing committees.
JlR�X dQ,
l 7�na l✓_», `� \ 4 c%_ `.. 1^ w
A.
KA
Zin A MEMBER OF ARTHUR YOUNG INTERNATIONAL
1100 Norwood Tower
114 West Seventh Street
Austin, Texas 78701
September 10, 1986
Mr. William "King" Cole, City Manager
City of College Station
1101 Texas Avenue
College Station, Texas 77840-2499
Dear Mr. Cole:
Arthur Young is pleased to present the final report of our
engagement to conduct a management and organizational study of
the City of College Station. We believe this study represents a
significant step in achieving the City's desire to ensure that it
efficiently and effectively meets the needs of the community.
We believe that implementation of the recommendations contained
in this report will produce significant benefits for the City.
However, for the recommendations to be successfully implemented,
both the City Council and City management must be committed to
the process. It should be noted that some of the recommendations
are long term in nature and will actually require an
implementation period of two to three years.
We appreciate the courtesy and hospitality extended to us by the
City during this project. If you have any questions or comments
concerning this report or additional Arthur Young services,
please contact Mike Barron or Karl Nollenberger at (512)474-1506.
Very truly yours,
CITY OF COLLEGE STATION
MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION STUDY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
page
I.
Introduction
A. Study Background
I-1
B. Public Sector Organization
I-1
C. Issues Addressed
I---5
D. Management Review Approach
I-6
E. General Comments
I-g
II.
Organization and Management Structure
A. Observations on Current Organizational
Structures
II-1
B. Proposed Organization
II-3
C. Other Recommendations
II-13
III.
Planning, Goal/Objective Setting and Budgeting
A. General
III-1
B. Recommendations
111-5
IV.
Human Resources/Organizational Effectiveness
A. General
IV-1
B. Recommendation
IV-2
V.
Management Reporting and Public Relations
V-1
VI.
City Committees and Other Council Appointees
VI-1
VII.
Workload Measurement and Level of Services
VII-1
VIII.
Intergovernmental Cooperation
VIII-1
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Study Background
The City of College Station has grown significantly in the
past decade from a city with a population of 18,000, to a
city of 53,000 residents. At the same time, the City
organization has grown from 250 to 550 employees. This rapid
growth of the City's organization has ceased allowing
management an opportunity to review the organizational and
management structures which have developed over the past few
years. Additionally, a new City Manager has recently joined
the City, replacing a manager who had held the position for a
number of years. The organization's structure which existed
was a product of and reflected the style of the previous
manager.
For these reasons, the City determined it prudent to conduct
an organization and management review of the City's
administrative organization. Arthur Young was engaged to
conduct the study. This report presents the conclusions and
recommendations resulting from the engagement.
B. Public Sector Organizations
Managing for service delivery in the public sector primarily
consists of balancing the three classic concerns of public
administration. Those concerns are:
• Effectiveness - getting the right things done
* Efficiency - accomplishing them in the right ways
• Economy - limiting the use of scarce resources.
Balancing these three concerns requires a coordinated policy
analysis and management approach.
I-1
The organization and management challenge for a City Manager
who is interested in the most effective local government is
to create a balance in the city organization- between
appropriate centralization and disbursement of
responsibility/authority to operating levels. The major
emphasis of this review was on the effectiveness issue. The
City Manager desired input concerning the City organization
and its abilities to perform its role in a effective
manner. At the same time, the issues which relate to
efficiency and economy could not be overlooked as they were
reviewed during this process. It has been our experience
that improvements in effectiveness, although more difficult
to articulate, are often the most successful in improving the
overall operations of an organization. At the same time,
those issues which relate to efficiency and economy cannot be
discounted during this process.
One of the goals of this review was to evaluate the overall
City wellness. This included evaluating the effectiveness of
leaders, managers and employees in translating their values
and ideas into actions through effective processes of
governance, management and service delivery. A city
organization is a viable entity and, like its human
counterparts, can be viewed as being either a healthy or
unhealthy system. The three primary processes or functions
that the organization provides relating to governance,
management and service delive.ry were analyzed in this
organization and management review in order to assess the
organizational wellness.
The governance process is aimed at providing a direction for
the city. It involves policy leaders focusing on the future
vision of the city and translating this vision into the
target issues, policy directions and a budget document. Key
managers within the city participate in that governance
process.
I-2
The management process focuses on designing a process for
accomplishing the focused vision. The key activity in
guiding the process design is the development of an
organizational philosophy statement which reflects the values
and beliefs of how the city should be managed on a daily
basis. This philosophy guides every manager and employee.
The service delivery process involves people providing
services to the citizens or to others internally in the city
organization. The departmental philosophy guides these
activities. The departmental philosophy is influenced by the
focused vision and the organization philosophy. It blends
together the personal management philosophy of departmental
managers and a service philosophy of how services should be
provided.
The overall soundness of the city organization is determined
by how effective each of these processes fulfills its
function for the city. The purpose of this organization and
management review was to examine the various elements of the
process and determine the effectiveness of their delivery.
The quality of wellness of an organization can be found
within each of the primary processes. When the governance
process is experiencing wellness it has all or many of the
following components:
• A vision of the future
• Direction and goals - targets for short term
• Anticipation of issues
• Tone setting on management services
• Policy framework for action
• Team building - partnership with each other, the
community, manager and employees
• Performance monitoring and evaluation
I-3
• Mechanisms for community involvement - input and
participation
• Mobilization of support
• Community leadership - inspires community
The management process is well when it is characterized by
the following components:
• Organizational philosophy and management values
expressed
• Process design - consistent with values
• Power - exerted and shared
• Empathy - caring about others needs and feelings
• Planning - strategic and work related
• Self knowledge
• Help and assistance - asked for and provided
• Learning and change
• Involvement - policy leaders and employees
• Tolerance of ambiguity
• Evaluation of performance
• Team orientation
And finally the components illustrative of wellness within
the service delivery process are:
• Departmental philosophy and service value
• Public service through partnership
• Sense of team
• Quality services - consistent with values
• Goal oriented actions and plans
• Technical compentence - evolving
• Anticipation and handling of operational problems
• Discretion and responsibility
• Innovation and change
• Participation and involvement
I-4
• Feedback and evaluation
• Rites and rituals
A well city is one in which the three processes of
governance, management and service delivery are linked
together. In our management and organizational review
process, we have reviewed the City in its various roles as
outlined above and evalutated the organization to determine
and analyze the various elements of wellness. We feel we
were able to establish candid and personal working
relationships with the key City staff in a effort to
determine the environment within the City of College
Station. The feedback relating to the organization is being
provided to the Chief Executive Officer to help him assess
his organizational needs in terms of organization, management
team and management processes.
C. Issues Addressed
The City identified a number of specific objectives to be
accomplished in the organization and management review of the
City government. Those objectives included:
• Review of the organizational makeup of the City
including span of control, staffing levels,
communications and duplication of workload,
• Recommendations related to the establishment of a
management team for the City,
• Review of the classification and compensation systems,
• Review and recommendations relating to the goal and
objective setting systems for the City,
I-5
• A review and recommendations relating to the
management reporting system of the City, including a
public relations effort,
• Review of and recommendations as relating to the
existing level of services and workload distribution
in the City,
• Review of and recommendations relating to a
comprehensive training and organizational development
program in the City,
• Review of and recommendations relating to planning
processes including: comprehensive planning,
strategic planning, capital improvements planning,
budgeting and cooperative relationships with other
local governments,
• Review of and recommendations on the special functions
administered directly by the City Council to include
the City Clerk's Office and Municipal Court,
• Review of and recommendations on the City Council
Advisory Commissions interface with the city staff,
• Review of and recommendations on City staff support to
the City Council including management reporting
systems.
D. Management Review Approach
As pointed out above, the project scope included the elements
of effectiveness, efficiency and economy with an emphasis on
the issue of effectiveness. The major thrust of the project
effort was one of an overall management perspective with
attention given to the particular implementation strategies
1-6
related to the management of the City. The capability of the
organization in the areas of goal setting, internal planning
and the ability to carry out the plans within the public
process was a major emphasis of this review.
Our work included efforts on -site by senior members of our
firm working closely with City personnel. A personal
relationship was established between the firm and the City
Manager and other key department staff which was crucial to
this project.
We understood the City's desire that the various operations
of the City be managed in an efficient and effective manner
at all times, particularly considering the public sector
environment which scrutinizes the activities of the City on a
continual basis.
During the review, our team identified opportunities to
reduce overlapping, redundant or overextended
responsibilities in the present organization. We identified
relationships and/or circumstances that inhibit efficient
decision -making. We also identified those areas that appear
to function effectively and therefore should not be changed.
We believe that a management study should not be merely a
snapshot of one point in time nor should it be a laboriously
documented analysis of each method and procedure. Simply
stated a management and organizational study should consist
of thorough examination of the City management system and
processes - the activities of organizing, planning,
budgeting, scheduling and controlling available resources to
achieve the objectives. We were interested in historical
performance results only as a indication of the effectiveness
and capabilities of the City's systems and resources. The
focus of our overall study was on access to the existing
management processes in terms of indicated future
I-7
performance. Our role was to bring our experience and
expertise to bear on the management processes of the City and
to serve as a catalyst for improvement.
E. General Comments
The issues and recommendations which are contained in this
report reflect upon the organization and management struc-
tures and processes in College Station, many of which have
evolved over a number of years. Changing organizational be-
havior is a process of changing individual behavior on a
cummulative basis, thus requiring a more extensive effort as
organizations become larger. The City organization in
College Station is a large one and will require extensive
efforts and resources in order to change in an appreciable
manner. Many of the recommendations in this report will
require two to three years to implement and refine to a high
quality effort. An attempt to institutionalize the strategic
management planning process and to establish organizational
philosophies and values will require an effort of three to
five years, depending upon the receptivity of the employees
and the degree of dedication. College Station is embarking
upon a major change to the organizational culture.
The recommendations made in this report are, by their very
nature, reflective of areas where improvements can be made to
the organization. There are also many examples we could give
of well managed services in the City. Overall, the services
in College Station are being provided well, despite some
noticeable gaps in management capabilities and organizational
deficiences. These positives in the organization should not
be overlooked by the readers of this report.
RM
The report contains many recommendations which will require
financial committments by the City in order to meet the needs
of the organization. Many of these recommendations will
result in short-term and long-term savings which will offset
the initial costs. Many of the savings are direct and can be
measured, but others are more difficult to quantify the costs
of an erroneous judgement due to lack of management expertise
is an example of these more abstract savings. A full
implementation of this report will eliminate some management
level positions in departments where excess levels have been
created to address individual issues. Overall the organiza-
tion will be leaner and tighter for operations in the last
part of the 1980's.
I-9
II. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE
A. Observations on Current Organizational Structures
The present administrative organization for the City of
College Station is illustrated on Exhibit 1 on the following
page. Briefly, the present organization consists of five
functions reporting directly to the City Council. These five
functions are the Municipal Court Clerk and Court Operations,
the City Attorney and the City's Legal Department, the
Municipal Court Judge, the City Secretary, and the City
Manager. All other administrative functions of the City are
responsible directly to the City Manager.
The administrative organization under the City Manager
consists of a single Assistant City Manager and seven formal
departments. These departments are Capital Improvements
Administration, Public Services Administration, Parks
Administration, Fiscal Administration, Police Adminsitration,
Fire Administration and Utilties Administration. In addition
to the these department managers, also reporting to the City
Manager through the Assistant City Manager are the functions
of Personnel, the Community and Teen Centers, and
Printing/Mail Services for the City.
This management structure evolved and was implemented under
the previous administration of the City of College Station.
It appears that the organization structure was established to
accommodate the particular management style of the previous
City Manager, and to some extent was structured around the
actual personnel who were inplace at the time.
The City has grown rapidly in the past decade. Its growth
has been both in the terms of population and the number of
City employees. During that time the population of the City
CMZFM OF
I '
I mavary a miL) I
I I l
r[ta1C oDUzr _ IMY A MOREY � — imUNICIPALl—C_ _ �Cm M I
— —`— — — — — — — — — (City secretary 1
I I
Citizei Service Rep
l 1
10ouncil Oxordinator
oQat + Legal I Personnel ASSIS1ANr CI I V
mvvm Administrative
Assistant
I
Capital
I
Public
I
Parks
be{xvwaVVm*
Services
Administration
Adninistration
'Administration
J
—
I
Recreation
v�iraeruig
!�
streets
Aquatics
Planning�
� Garage
Maintenance
Building
Cemetery
InspEction
]QmLrds
Maim
Oanmanity I I Residential
Development Col lest ion •
Comiercial
Collection
iLandfill *I
IDrainage *I
I I I
Fiscal Police Fire
Administration Administration Administration
Accounting Unifon j0peratims I
Bureau
TmVI eastay Prevention
�Investi4atirn
utility Ambulance
Billing ( Special
_Bureau
PurchasingI
TLI nical
Wart naee I
Services
Data
Comnnicatio►uk
Processing
Jail
11 i
Meter
Services
I
utilities **
Adn inistrat ion
_ I
03mnity Flectric**
Center Transmission
1
Zhen Center tric**IjDiEs1terCibti��n l
Printing/
Mail
Library
* Sanitation Divisions
** utility Divisions
All Divisions without
an asterisk are General
Fund division.
Water **
Production
Water **
Distribution
Sewer M
Treatment
Sewer **
Collection
water/sewer
ncinirt, �'
of College Station almost tripled, while the number of City
employees more than doubled. It is our observation that the
rapid pace of growth which the City experienced out paced the
management capabilities existing within the City. We also
believe that the City's rate of growth exceeded the rate at
which the organization structure was able to evolve, and the
management and support systems were able to grow.
We also found that there had been an ongoing attitudinal
change within the City Council and the citizens of College
Station. This attitudinal change could be characterized as a
change from a philosophy of control of the activities in the
community to a philosophy of providing the maximum service
perspective to the community while still recognizing the
control -oriented laws and regulations. The City
administrative functions should reflect this shift in values
and become more service -oriented and less control -oriented,
as had been the case for the previous several years. For all
of these reasons we believe that it is now appropriate to
make significant changes in the organization of the City of
College Station.
B. Proposed Organization
Prior to presenting the proposed organization, we believe
that it is appropriate to discuss the rationale and criteria
which were used in developing the proposed organization
structure. This is important because there is no one organi-
zation chart which is the perfect structure for a City. The
organizational structure must reflect the needs of the orga-
nization and the characteristics and operating style of the
Chief Executive Officer. We believe this organizational
chart for College Station can be altered so long as the over-
all rationale are adhered to in the final chart. Our ratio-
nale is as follows. First, the City Manager is the Chief
Executive Officer of the City with all the commitments of
II-3
that position both internal in the organization and external
to the community. The Chief Executive Officer is responsible
for leadership to the organization and strategic manage-
ment. These roles require a significant time availability on
the City Manager's part in order to fulfill them properly.
Secondly, in order to operate as effectively and efficiently
as possible, the organization structure must reflect and
support the City Manager's management style. If the top-
level management of the City have differing management styles
and philosophies, a mixed message will be communicated to
the organization rather than the clear message necessary to
carry out the City's service delivery within the organiza-
tional philosophy. Thirdly, there are four major groups
which place significant time demands on the City Manager.
These are the City Council, the community at large, the
City's management team, and the remainder of the City organi-
zation. The proper amount of response and direction needs to
be given to these groups if leadership is to be provided by
the manager.
A significant task in the performance of our engagement was
to assess and reflect upon the particular management style of
present City Manager. There are a wide variety of management
styles in Chief Executive Officers in municipal organiza-
tions. The styles frequently reflect the desires of the
elected officials, as would appear to be the case in College
Station based upon our discussions with councilmembers. The
City Manager's style could best be described as participative
and people -oriented. This style will be likely to involve
others in decision -making and problem -solving in order to
achieve ownership of the issues by parties and ultimately
support of the decisions. This style is critical in service
organizations that value people input. The other aspect of
this style is that it requires a time committment much great-
er than less particpative styles. With this management style
in mind, and because of the significant time demands on the
II-4
City Manager, it is our belief that the upper level manage-
ment structure of the City should be streamlined to reduce
the number of persons reporting directly to the City Manager
and requiring periodic management guidance. Presently there
are at least twelve positions reporting directly to the City
Manager. We believe that this is an unworkable situation
within the existing circumstances.
In developing a. proposed organ iza.tiona.l. structure for the
City of College Station with a streamlined senior management
group, several criteria were defined which the new organiza-
tion should meet. First, wherever possible the new organiza-
tion should not add an additional level of management within
the City. Second, day-to-day decisions management should be
delegated to the Assistant City Managers. And finally, the
management team within the City should report to the City
Manager through the Assistant City Managers while leaving the
City Manager the ability to make inquiry in the organization
at whatever level required as the circumstances dictate.
Our proposed organization structure for the City of College
Station is illustrated on Exhibit 2 which follows this
page. Our proposed assignment of functions to the various
departments and divisions is presented as Exhibit 3, pages 1
through 6, following the organizational chart.
Briefly, our proposed organization for the City calls for the
establishment of three Assistant City Manager positions.
Each Assistant City Manager would have direct responsibility
for the operations of departments which report to him/her.
The organization also consists of a structure of twelve City
departments and thirty-three divisions within these
departments. The three Assistant City Managers and the
twelve Department Managers would comprise the City Manager's
Management Team.
II-5
MUNICIPAL JUDGE
ASSISTANT TO CITY MANAGER
FOR
PUBLIC RELATIONS/MARKETING
ASSISTANT CITY MANAGER
MANAGEMENT SERVICES
PERSONNEL
FINANCE
Administration
Accounting
Revenue Division
H LEGAL SERVICES
H ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
I
Purchasing
Management Information Services
Municipal Court
Budget/Research
City Secretary
CITY OF COLLEGE STATION
PROPOSED ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
CITY COUNCIL
CITY MANAGER
ASSISTANT CITY MANAGER
COMMUNITY SERVICES
POLICE
Administration
Operations
Support
FIRE
Administration
Prevention
Suppression
Emergency Medical Services
PARKS AND RECREATION
Administration
Parks
Recreation
CORPORATION COUNSEL
ASSISTANT CITY MANAGER
DEVELOPMENT AND OPERATIONAL SERVICES
PUBLIC WORKS
Administration
Streets and Drainage
Solid Waste
Garage
PLANNING
Administration
Community Development
Building Inspection
Planning
WATER AND WASTEWATER
Administration
Water Production
Water Distribution
Wastewater Collection
Wastewater Treatment
ELECTRICITY
Administration
Transmission
Distribution
ENGINEERING
txj
x
H
tz
H
�7
y
EXHIBIT 3 Page 1 of 3
Departmental Functional Assignments
Assistant City Manager for Management Services
Personnel Department
• Classification/Compensation
• Worker's Compensation/Benefit
Management
• Training
• Recruiting and Selection
• *Employee Relations
• Risk Management/Safety
Finance Department
Administration Division
• Fiscal Administration
• Cash Management
• Debt Management
Accounting Division
• General Accounting
- Budgetary Accounting
- Financial Reporting
• Accounts Payable
• Payroll
Revenue Division
• Accounts Receivable
• Property Tax Billing
• Utility Customer Service
• Energy Management
II-7
Legal Services Department
• Internal Legal Support
• Litigation Management
• Property Acquisition
• Municipal Court Prosecution
Administrative Services Department
Purchasing Division
• Central Purchasing
• Warehousing
• Central Services
• - Printing
- Mail
- Janitoral
Management Information Services
Division
• Data Processing
• Telecommunications
Municipal Court Division
• Docket Management
• Warrants
• Collections
Budget/Research Division
• Operating Budget
• Capital Improvement Budget
• Research Projects
Assistant City Manager for Community Services
Police Department
Administration Division
• Departmental Coordination
• Recruiting
• Training
Operations Division
• Uniform Patrol
• Traffic Management
• Animal Control
• Criminal Investigation
Support Division
• Dispatch
• Detention
• Internal Affairs
• Crime Prevention
• Juvenile Services
• Management Information Systems
• Records
Fire Department
Administration Division
• Department Coordination
• Training
Prevention Division
• Inspection
• Fire Code Enforcement
• Investigations
Suppression Division
Emergency Medical Services Division
II-8
EXHIBIT 3 Page 2 of 3
Parks and Recreation Department
Administration Division
• Department Coordination
• Parks Planning
• Public Relations
Parks Division
• Parks Maintenance
• Cemetery
• Forestry
Recreation Division
• Programs
• Concessions
• Athletics
• Aquatics
• Centers
- Community
- Teen
- Lincoln
EXHIBIT 3 Page 3 of 3
Assistant City Manager for Development of Operational Services
Public Works Department
Administration Division
• Departmental Coordination
Streets and Drainage
• Street Maintenance
• Street Rebuilding
• Drainage Tmprovements
Solid Waste
• Residential Sanitation
• Commercial Sanitation
• Landfill
Garage
• Vehicle Maintenance
• Vehicle Replacement
Planning Department
Administration Division
• Capital Improvement Program
Development
• Long Range Planning
Planning Division
• Zoning
• Code Enforcement
Building Inspection Division
• Code Enforcement
Community Development Division
• Housing Rehabilitation
• Neighborhood Revitalization
II-9
Water and Wastewater Department
Administration Division
• Department Coordination
Water Production Division
Water Distribution Division
Wastewater Collection Division
Wastewater Treatment Division
Electricity Department
Administration Division
• Department Coordination
Transmission Division
Distribution Division
Engineering Department
• Capital Improvement Program
Administration
• Maintenance Engineering
The first Assistant City Manager position would be Assistant
City Manager for Management Services. This Assistant City
Manager would be responsible for the departments of
Personnel, Finance, Legal Services, and Administrative
Services. The divisions within these and the other
departments are shown on Exhibit 2.
The second Assistant City Manager position would be Assistant
City Manager for Community Services. This Assistant City
Manager would be responsible for the departments of Police,
Fire and Parks and Recreation. The administration of the
City's contract for library services would also be a
responsibility of this Assistant City Manager.
The third Assistant City Manager position would be Assistant
City Manager for Development and Operational Services. The
five departments reporting to this Assistant City Manager
would be Public Works, Planning, Water and Wastewater,
Electricity and Engineering.
In addition to the three Assistant City Manager positions, we
also recommend the City consider establishing the position of
Assistant to the City Manager for Public Relations and
Marketing. This position would report directly to the City
Manager. As we will discuss later, we believe that is
important for the City to strengthen its efforts in public
relations with the citizens of College Station and in
marketing its services to those citizens and potential
visitors to the City. We are also recommending the
establishment of the function of Corporation Counsel which
would provide independent legal counsel directly to the City
Council of the City. We envision that this function would be
served on a contractual or retainer basis by an outside
attorney.
II-10
In the paragraphs that follow we will discuss the new
organization in terms of its relationships with the present
organization.
Assistant City Manager - Management Services
The present Personnel function will be established as an
official department under this Assistant City Manager. We
also recommend that the present Fiscal Administration
Department be established as the Finance Department,
consisting of three divisions compare to the present nine.
Part of this reduction in financial divisions will be
accomplished by combining the present tax/treasury, utility
billing, meter services, and energy divisons into the single
new proposed Revenue Division. We also propose that
purchasing, warehouse and data processing be moved to the new
Administrative Services Department.
The new department of Legal Services consists of the present
City Attorney and Legal Support Group. We realize that this
reorganization of the City Attorney's funcation may require a
City Charter amendment to accomplish. However, we believe
that the primary responsibilities. of this department are and
will be legal support to the administrative functions of the
City. Therefore we believe that such an amendment is
warranted.
The final department under this Assistant City Manager for
Management Services will be the new Administrative Services
Department. This department will include five divisions.
The first is the Purchasing Divison which will have
responsibility for Warehousing and Printing and Mail, which
were previously divisions within the organization. The
second is the Management Information Services Division which
is retitled from the previous division of Data Processing to
reflect the broader rule that this division should play in
the management of information technology in the City. The
third is the existing Municipal Court Operations Division.
The fourth is the Budget/Research Division. This is a new
division which did not exist previously and would be
responsible for the development for the City's operating and
capital improvements budgets (the capital improvement budget
being defined as the budget for the next fiscal year only.)
It would also be responsible for special research projects as
may be required. Finally, we recommend that the City
Secretary function be established as a Division within the
Administrative Services Department (the establishment of
this division may also require charter amendment). The
combination of these divisions into one department would
provide better supervision of these functions while allowing
for the cross -training and cross utilization of personnel to
the most efficient operation of the City.
Assistant City Manager - Community Services
The Police and Fire Departments under this Assistant City
Manager would continue to be organized generally as they are
presently. In the Parks and Recreation Department we are
recommending a reduction in the number of divisions from the
present five to three. This will be accomplished by
including the present Forestry Division as a function under
the Parks Division and including the Aquatics Division as a
function under the Recreation Division. Additional changes
would include the transfer of responsibility for the
Community and Teen Centers to the Recreation Division of the
Parks and Recreation Department and transfer of
responsibility for Cemetery maintenance to the Parks
Division.
II-12
Assistant City Manager - Development and Operational Services
The recommended Public Works Department consists primarily of
the present Public Services Administration Department. The
principal changes include the previously referenced transfer
of responsibility for cemetery grounds maintenance to the
Parks and Recreation Department and the combination of the
present three divisions of Residential Collection, Commercial
Collection and Landfill into a new division entitled Solid
Waste, and the combination of the present Streets and
Drainage Divisions into a new Street and Drainage Division.
We are recommending the establishment of Planning as a
department within the City. This department would be made up
primarily of the present three divisions of Planning,
Building Inspection, and Community Development from the
present Capital Improvements Administration department. We
recommend that the remaining division under the present
Capital Improvements Administration Department, that of
Engineering, be elevated to departmental status. The
Engineering Department should also play a more active role in
supporting the engineering needs of the operational and
maintenance departments. The final two departments under the
new organization are Water/Wastewater and Electricity. The
divisions under these departments correspond to the divisions
under the present department of Utilities Administration.
C. Other Recommendations
1. Sections 23 and 27 of the City Charter require that the
City Departments be specified in the City Code. This is
not presently done nor are the departments in existence
in concert with the Charter (which directs the
establishment of four departments unless otherwise
changed by City Code). We recommend the Code be modified
accordingly.
2. The City should consider retaining and enhancing the
central permitting function for all City -required permits
to facilitate more efficient servicing of developer and
citizen needs.
3. The City should consider transferring the licensing
functions presently performed by the City Secretary to
the Revenue Divsion of the Finance Department.
4. It appears that in the past, additional management
positions may have been created to compensate for skill
weaknesses of certain existing managers, or to keep from
replacing marginal personnel. We recommend that the City
review the requirements for assistant manager positions
in the Departments to determine if they are truly
justified.
II-14
III. PLANNING, GOAL/OBJECTIVE SETTING, AND BUDGETING
A. General
The planning and goal/objective setting process is the focal
point for governance and management in the organization. The
responsibility for this process lies in the hands of the
governing body with substantial involvement by the upper
level management of the City. The City Manager as the Chief
Executive Officer in the organization serves as the organizer
and facilitator of this "strategic management" process. This
strategy is an effective tool for establishing the planning
stage and plan execution environment necessary to operate a
modern city.
Strategic management is a process that includes
conceptualizing a mission and setting goals, analyzing key
factors in the internal and especially the external
environment (e.g., opportunities, threats, strengths and
weaknesses), developing strategies, and developing and
implementing action plans. These actions are sometimes known
as developing a mission statement or organizational
philosophy, situation analysis, strategic planning, target
setting, or action planning.
Strategic management was originally developed to help
corporate executives deal with an accelerating rate of
change, scarcity of resources, and diversity of potential
claims on these resources. Such challenges are also common
to and reflected in all levels of government. They challenge
the way leaders conceive and execute choices.
Change sometimes creates problems, and it is often
unsettling; but it also creates opportunities. Often, in
crises, cities evaluate and develop a new sense of what is
required to preserve and enhance their social and economic
well-being. How well College Station's city management
organizes to respond to change may determine whether the City
declines, becomes a victim of the times, or prospers, as a
master of its own destiny.
Strategic management will enable City management to confront
present and future prohlems. Through it priorities are set
that reflect this confrontation, and will allow management to
plan practical, but visionary results for the future.
Strategic management entails utilizing strategic planning
methodologies. Numerous studies have shown that
organizations which plan are more likely to succeed, and
organizations which do not plan either produce less than
desirable results or fail. With today's economic
uncertainty, the need for planning has never been greater.
Strategic planning involves the following seven step process:
• Develop a situation anlaysis which focuses on external
factors which affect the organization. These include
economic conditions and trends; economic development
activities, such as expanding existing businesses or
attracting new ones; and determining the proper
enterprise mix, e.g., retail, manufacturing, visitor
services, etc.
• Analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and
threats in various operating functions.
• Develop a baseline forecast which is based on the data
developed in the first two steps and forecast where the
City will be financially at the end of the forecast
period, which is normally three to five years.
III-2
• Establish goals which are measures of success for
cities similiar to College Station.
• Develop strategies or programs of action to bridge the
gap between baseline projections and goals. These
programs should be broken down into specific objectives
for implementation by designated individuals.
• Develop contingency plans or an inventory of broad
responses to significant departures of conditions from
the forecasts and other assumptions upon which the
prevailing plan is predicated.
• Develop and implement replanning procedures by which
the City's process is assessed and plans are revised on
a regular basis. This involves monitoring progress
against the plan by means of analyzing departures from
the budget, taking corrective actions, and implementing
a mechanism for continually updating situation analysis
data.
This outline of strategic planning represents an example of
the level of effort the City management must undertake to
start a process that will correct past deficiencies and start
a path to future accomplishments. The complexities of
running the business of government eliminates the possibility
of operating successfully by chance. Strategic planning
establishes a road map for achieving the goals of the City.
It uses many of the planning tools already in place by
integrating them together into a comprehensive process for
strategic planning. Exhibit 4 on the following page
illustrates the strategic planning process.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PLAN
CITY OF COLLEGE STATION
LONG TERM FIVE YEAR
TWO YEAR COMPREHENSIVE PLAN CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT
TARGET SETTING S 1 PROGRAM
INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCIAL TREND
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM MONITORING
1-4 r PROGRAM
ECONOM IC/
H ANNUAL OPERATING PROGRAM & CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT BUDGET FISCAL
� FINANCIAL FORECASTS to- POLICIES
DEBT MANAGEMENT v THREE TO FIVE YEAR
PROGRAM OPERATING PLAN FINANCIAL PLAN
ANNUAL OBJECTIVES PERFORMANCE INDICATORS/
SETTING & REVIEW ACTIVITY REPORTING
12
B. Recommendations
The recommendations resulting from the management review in
the Planning Goal/Objective Setting and Budeting are as
follows:
1. It is important that the management and policy leaders
for the City of College integrate the elements of the
strategic management system in their thought prooesses.
These elements include the comprehensive plan, the.
capital improvements program, target setting by the
policy making body and the annual operating/capital
improvements budget. Each of these elements of the
strategic planning process should be reviewed annually
within specific time tables.
2. The Comprehensive Plan for College Station, which was
adopted in 1983, should be reviewed on a annual basis.
Each element of the Comprehensive Plan should be reviewed
by the Planning and Zoning Commission, the City Council
and other appropriate advisory bodies. Annually the City
staff should update the inventory and demographic
sections of the comprehensive plan, and reanalyze the
policy direction in order to make recommendations to the
appropriate review bodies. The review and discussion of
the Comprehensive Plan should help focus attention on a
vision for College Station into the future.
3. The Capital Improvements Program (CIP), which is a five
year projection of the the capital improvements needs of
the City (beyond the budget year), should be viewed as a
planning document rather than a budgetary tool. It
should be coordinated by the Planning Department. The
CIP should be viewed as a method to help implement the
Comprehensive Plan of the community. In addition, it
should serve to help achieve the shorter term
III-5
targets/objectives of the community. The impact of the
CIP projects on the operating costs of the City should be
clearly delineated in the document, and considered in the
priority setting process for capital improvements.
Criteria should be established for the annual review of
the CIP by City staff, Planning and Zoning Commission
members and City Council.
4. On an annual basis, the City should engage in a
target/objective setting process. While it is important
that the policy making body establish these targets for
management to pursue, it is also important that
management have an appropriate mechanism for input into
those target issues. We recommended that the City
Manager engage the management team in a target setting
session prior to policy making body undertaking the
process. The management team should also prioritize
those targets into broad categories such as: highest,
high, medium, low, lowest. The targets should be issues
which can be addressed within a eighteen to twenty-four
month period of time. The policy leaders should also
undertake an annual target setting process. After the
policy leaders have generated all the issues which they
feel are important, the staff's issues should be provided
for potential addition to the policy leaders' list.
Policy leaders should also establish priority ranking of
the issues for guidance to management. The final target
issues and their priorities become guidance to management
in the strategic management process and should be
established prior to budget formulation for the City.
5. The budget recommended by the City Manager to the City
Council should be one reflective of the strategic
management process undertaken in the recommendations
above. The budget should be more of an output or
services oriented document allowing the the policy making
III-6
body to make a determination of the types of services,
Lhe quality of services, and amounL of services provided
to the community. The existing budget document which is
oriented toward input or management data, should be
provided as a supplement to the budget document as
background for the determination of the cost level of
activities and services including in the budget.
Effective budgetary presentation formats should be
explored, with the most appropriate one for the City of
College Station adopted well in advance of the next
budget year. The City may wish to reference the
Municipal Finance Officers Association book entitled
Effective Budgetary Presentations: The Cutting Edge.
In addition, the budgetary presentation should included
at least a three year forecast of revenues and
expenditures in the general operating funds and a five
year forecasting in the enterprise funds. This will
provide for adequate planning on the future financial
condition of the City. The forecasting should take into
account the strategic management process with input from
the comprehensive plan, capital improvements program, and
the target/objective setting process. This will provide
the opportunity for management and policy makers to
anticipate the future financial progress of the City.
6. Prior to the preparation of the budget, the City staff
should recommend and the City Council should adopt fiscal
policies for the City. These fiscal policies should be
comprehensive, relating to many of the assumptions which
currently go into the financial planning for the
community, including a thorough investment policy. They
should be clearly stated and endorsed by the policy
making body as underlying assumptions for the budget
making process. Establishing financial policies can help
City officials view their present approach to financial
management from a overall long-range vantage point, and
establish financial performance goals for thie City.
When financial policies are scattered among many
documents, or unwritten, or developed on a case by case
basis, it is likely that decisions will be made without
consideration of the current policy, past policy
decisions or future policy alternatives. These financial
performance goals will help provide the community a
stable financial picture over the long—term.
7. There should be an annual objective setting process for
each member of the management team. These objectives
should be consistent with the strategic management
process which began with the comprehensive plan. These
objectives should be agreed upon between the management
team member and his or her immediate supervisor and
should be a integral part of the annual performance
review for those individuals. The objectives set during
this process should include internal management needs of
the individual's immediate org�.nization as well as those
set by policy determination made at higher levels in the
organization.
8. The City should compile an inventory of infrastructure
needs and establish an infrastructure maintenance and
replacement program. This program should include all
facilities, improvements and equipment owned by the City.
9. The City should engage in an financial trend monitoring
system similiar to the project completed by the
International City Management Association on "Evaluating
Financial Condition". The thirty-six trend indicators
included in the project cover a number of areas in
municipal government including revenues, expenditures,
operating position, debt structure, unfunded liabilities,
III-8
capital plant, and community needs and resources. Annual
updating of these fiscal indicators will help provide top
level management and the policy making body with concise
information relating to the financial condition of the
community. From this, an understanding of the financial
trends of the City and community should be better
understood.
10. Each activity level in the organization should identify
performance indicators relating to their activity area.
These performance indicators should be mutually agreed
upon between top level management and the respective
supervisory/management personnel. The indicators should
be monitored on a monthly basis and reported to
management.
11. A number of financial/budgeting related items were
observed during the course of the management review which
should be considered by appropriate parties.
• The City should consider the use of intra-governmental
services funds for the provision of internal services
in the areas of vehicle maintenance, management
information services, printing/mail and vehicle
replacement. It is important for the City to have a
true cost picture of its various operations provided
to internal customers. The vehicle replacement fund
is an excellent long-term funding mechanism in place
of depreciation, which is not allowed in the general
fund of municipal government. The replacement of
vehicles can be made on a more rationale basis, as
described elsewhere in this report.
• The City should consider conducting an indirect cost
allocation analysis for the activities provided by the
general fund to the utility funds. The current
III-9
methodology for cost allocation lacks sophistication
and credability. Since the enterprise activities of
the City are such a significant portion of the overall
financial picture, it is important for the City to
have a clearer understanding of the true indirect cost
allocation.
• The City should consider the economic and equity
impact of using the electric rates for funding general
governmental operations. While we are not suggesting
a change in that policy, it would of value for the
City to be aware of the economic burden and impact of
financing services in this manner.
• The City should consider the use of capital cost
recovery fees for all utility related extensions.
• The City should consider the use of inspection fees to
recover costs of inspection in the area of utility
construction by private developers.
• The City should consider financing building inspection
costs totally through the building inspection fees.
• The City should closely evaluate the imput of the use
of one-time revenues to finance a substantial portion
of ongoing operations (e.g. the use of $500,000 of
general revenue sharing, $561,000 of sanitation
transfer and $525,000 of fund balance in the 1987
budget). This could result in a 15% reduction in
General Fund services in 1988 if alternative revenues
or sources of funds are not found.
• The budget document should include a projection of
long-term debt through the life of the bonds for the
existing debt service, including future taxing needs
based upon a projection of assessed value.
• The budget document shoil Id include information
relating to the fund balances of the operating funds
of the City, how they were calculated and what the
reserve policy related thereto is for those funds. A
recognition of the differences in fund balances
between general operating funds and enterprise funds
should be clearly communicated.
• The budget document should consider putting all
utility related expenditures directly under the
utility fund rather than having administrative
transfers for activities wholly funded by the utility
fund.
• The City should consider the use of the Certificate of
Obligation law to provide additional security for
revenue bonds of the City. The Certificate of
Obligation allows the full .faith and credit of the
City to be pledged for the bonds, resulting in lower
interest cost.
• The financial report of the City does not include
prior years' financial information for the purposes of
comparison. A more usable document is achieved by the
display of one year historical of data.
• The City should consider establishing a formal policy
relating to the percentage of ambulance cost recovered
through fees.
• The City should document all accounting policies and
procedures. This will help ensure consisten
accounting treatment of the various financial
transactions.
• The City should consider a change in the fiscal year
from July 1 to October 1 to allow for a more timely
and logical strategic management system, in light of
elections of new council members which occur in April
of each year.
• The City should consider eliminating the cemetery fund
from the budget document since it is a fudiciary fund
similia.r to the other fudiciary funds shown in the
financial report but not included in the operating
budget.
IV. HUMAN RESOURCES/ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS
A. General
The human resources and organizational effectiveness issues
are the means by which the City of College Station top level
management can translate their values into actions. This can
be accomplished by building the City team; developing skills
of managers and City employees; and addressing critical
organizational problems which serve as barriers to overall
effectiveness. The human resource system which results
should be a reflection of the values of management and the
organization.
There a number of objectives of an organization in this area:
• To build the capacity of the City Council as policy
leaders - with an ability to focus vision and
translate it into specific targets and develop
specific action plans to achieve those targets.
• To build more effective relations between the City
Council and City Manager.
• To build the capacity of the leadership team in
providing direction for the City of College Station.
• To develop a sense of cohesiveness among the City
Council, City Manager and management team.
• To focus the key values that drive the City of
College Station and translate those into daily
actions.
• To clarify the roles, relationships and
responsibilities within the City of College Station.
IV-1
• To develop a trust and openness between the City
Council, City Manager and management team.
• To develop an ongoing process of evaluating
performance of the management team as managers - the
fitness of the management processes.
• To identify and address problems and barriers
hampering the organization effectiveness and
wellness.
• To increase the acceptance of responsibility by
individual members of the City team.
These broad overriding goals can help ensure high quality of
management in the organization.
B. Recommendation
In the human resources/ organizational effectiveness area, a
number of recommendations are made as follows:
1. The organization should undertake an extensive management
development and team building effort. The City Manager
should clearly delineate his management style to the
management team in order to establish expectations within
the organization. An organizational philosophy should be
formulated for the City of College Station in order to
serve as a base for activities of the City. The
management team should develop personal management
philosophies and explore the meaning of being value
driven - what it means to have an organizational
philosophy and how the management team translates the
values into actions. There should to be further
IV-2
exploration of the expectations of managers in the City
of College Station. We suggest that team building
sessions be held on the following topics:
• Developing team operations and work relationships
• Evaluation of management team performance
• Problem identification and resolution
• Relationships between the management team and the
Mayor/City Council
• Developing a work program and processes
• Developing strategies for operationalizing the
organizational philosophy
•Building the capacity of department heads as
team members
In addition, there are management development needs among
the group in the following areas:
• Conflict management and resolution
• Decision -making and leadership
• Evaluation -personal and operational.
We recommend that the City undertake a team building and
management development effort on an internal basis using
individuals skilled in these endeavors.
2. As a result of the environment and organizational
changes, there is a need to sensitize all City employees
to a service orientation. The City employee has the
difficulty of providing a service orientation to the
public frequently within procedures which are control
oriented. The opportunities and problems of dealing with
and in that environment should be examined as well as the
sharing of organziational the philosophy with all city
employees. There are a number of organizations which
help local governments in this type of training.
IV-3
3. The City should establish a comprehensive training
program for City employees, including supervisory and
technical training. This training program could utilize
the resources available in College Station at the
University as well as other resources available in the
state.
4. A risk management program encompassing safety training is
a critical need within the City organization. Diffusion
of the responsibility for safety training to all of the
operating entities has not produced an effective and
coordinated program. The elements of a full risk
management program need to be integrated into one
functional area in order to manage the full program.
5. The Personnel department needs to be given additional
resources to provide services in the following areas:
• Risk management - safety training
• Supervisory and technical training
• Employee relations
• Employee communication inter- and intra-
departmental
• Improvements in the recruitment and selection
procedure
6. The grievance procedures for the City of College Station
should be re-evaluated in light of a number of features
which appear to be inappropriate, such as the involvement
of the City Council in the process, the non-involvement
of the City Manager in the process, the involvement of
the Personnel Director as a decisionmaker in the process
rather than a counselor/facilitator, and the need to
refine other issues in light of the City's organizational
philosophy. Additionally, a progressive discipline
Iv-4
policy should be written and established to' guide
management and supervisory employees in the
administration of discipline on a consistent basis. The
progressive discipline policy that should then become a
factor in the grievance procedure.
7. In addition to the efforts already underway to have
closer involvement between management and employees, the
City should consider the use of annual skip level
interviews. These annual interviews would occur between
a supervisor/manager and employees one step removed from
him/her in the organization. Guidelines for the use of
the skip level interviews should be established along
with a clear understanding of its purpose and value.
8. The City should continue the development of incentive
systems for productivity improvements in the City.
Awards should be made to employees who make suggestions
which result in productivity gains to the organization.
9. There is a perception in the organization of a lack of
coodinated policy by management and employees to address
citywide concerns and interdepartmental communication.
Ongoing efforts to deal with this perception such as the
City Manager's suggestion box and an employee newsletter
should be continued and expanded upon. A city employee
task force to deal with the issue and make
recommendations would be beneficial in order to gain
their insights and ownership of the effort.
10. A review of the classification compensation system
indicated the following recommendations relating to
improvements of the system.
IV-5
• The City should relook at the weight given to the
factor rankings of the classification system in light
of the organizational philosophy and values. -
The evaluation committee for reclassification
procedures should be a permanent committee rather
than an ad hoc one for each evaluation session. The
appointment to committee membership should be made
for a two year overlapping terms in order to provide
consistency.
• The committee should evaluate all requested position
classification changes (rather than just those
recommended by the Personnel Director) and do so in a
timely manner in order to establish credibility in
the system.
• New committee members should receive training in the
classification system process in order to increase
their capability and the quality of the system. The
Personnel Department and the Committee should be
sensitive to the fact that when additional higher
level duties are added to a position requiring re-
evaluation, the duties added may have been deleted
from another position which also needs to be re-
evaluated at the same time.
• All position reclassifications should ultimately go
to the City Manager for consideration and approval.
• The classification system should address the
particular problems of the Police Department relating
to Lieutenants being at different pay grades and the
operational difficulties which is caused by that
situation.
IV-6
• The evaluation/compensation program has produced a
lot of confusion in the organization which needs to
be addressed. This can done either by altering the
system to make it more understandable or through a
more extensive education process.
• The evaluation system currently includes a number of
attribute types of evaluation factors, in addition to
the more objective types of evaluation items. The
attribute types of evaluation factors item should be
made as pass/fail criteria and not included in the
numerical portion of the evaluation system.
11. The personnel manual of the City should be reviewed in
light of the management philosophy of the City Manager
that Personnel is a service department to other City
departments. In addition, the City Manager's role as the
Chief Executive Officer in the organization should be
clarified and recognized in the manual.
IV-7
V. MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND PUBLIC RELATIONS
To achieve the most effective organization, a City must have a
flow of information upward through the organization and outward
into the community. In order to do so, every manager/supervisor
in the organization should be cognizant of good communication
mechanisms. The City is essentially marketing services to its
community, and the success or failure of its marketing efforts
frequently dictate the citizen's perception of the quality of its
services. Recommendations made in the management reporting and
public relations areas are as follows:
1. The City should establish a public relations/marketing
function devoted totally to marketing of City activities.
The City should view their activities as services provided to
the community with appropriate marketing programs to support
those services. These programs could include annual attitude
surveys, school visits, mailings directly to citizens
concerning events, neighborhood meetings and a City fair at
one of the shopping centers to disseminate information
relating to the City's programs. The simple distribution of
a feedback survey to residents who have had a fire call to
their house can produce information useful for improvement of
the firefighting services. It can also have the side effect
of producing credibility by the citizen in the service and a
feeling that the City cares about the quality of its
services. This marketing effort should be more than a public
relations program and should attempt to market services in a
manner similiar to other service organizations.
The coordination of this effort should be located in the City
Manager's office in order to take advantage of this focal
point for the flow of information. An individual in this
role should be allowed access to all levels of information
and discussions in order to allow for the channeling of
information to the appropriate locations inside or outside
V-1
the organization. The position should be involved in the
meetings or discussions to evaluate the information flow
needs rather than in a decision making role.
2. The City management should provide appropriate management
reporting on all elements of the strategic management
process. There are portions of the process which need to be
communicated to the citizens. For example, the comprehensive
plan should involve citizen imput through such means as
neighborhood meetings and surveys.
Reporting to the City Council should also be improve. The
City has a good Capital Improvement program monitoring report
which goes to the City Council on a quarterly basis. In
addition, the City should establish reporting at least on a
quarterly basis relating to the targets which were
established by the City Council in the strategic management
process. The financial reporting to the Council should be
performed on a monthly basis and should be more oriented
toward the non -financial personnel. The monthly financial
report should include a narrative describing the finanical
condition of the community and should highlight any items
which are noteworthy. In addition, the monthly financial
report should include a prior year's comparable information
column. It is important that the financial managers in the
organization provide interpreative information for City
Council and City Management review.
3. The monthly activity reporting from departments to the City
Manager should be revised to produce information based upon
the activities of the department and performance measurement
criteria. The existing activity reports are largely a
compilation of statistics and serve little valuable purpose
without in-depth knowledge of the derivation of those
statistics. The weekly memorandum from the City Manager to
the City Council is an excellent example of a report with
V- 2
information directed and packaged to the group and its level
in the organization as is the Parks and Recreation monthly
report.
4. On a quarterly basis, management personnel should report to
their immediate supervisor concerning progress toward
achieving their objectives established on an annual basis and
referred to in the planning and objective/target setting
section of this report.
V- 3
VI. CITY COMMITTEES AND OTHER COUNCIL APPOINTEES
The City Council of the City of College Station currently direct-
ly appoints the Municipal Court Judge, the Municipal Court Clerk,
the City Secretary, the City Attorney, the City Manager and six-
teen boards and commissions. There are various legal require-
ments and/or authorities relating to these appointments which
will impact on changes to these relationships. We have reviewed
the organizational needs without regard to the difficulty of
altering these relationships from a legal perspective.
In general, it is our observation that municipal organizations
operate best when the City Council deals within the realm of
policy -making and the City Manager deals within the realm of
management issues. There is and will be an overlap of policy -
making and management due to the nature of the governance and
management process which requires that a close team effort be
established between the parties involved in the respective pro-
cesses. However, those issues which are clearly administrative
or an integral part of achieving managerial goals should be re-
sponsive to the City Manager. This frees the City Council to
focus on setting the vision and goals for the community as well
as establishing the target issues consistent with those goals,
and to measure management's progress towards those targets.
The City Manager must be given the necessary resources to achieve
those targets and should be expected to manage all administrative
functions with efficiency and economy. Assignment of responsi-
bilities, delegation of authority, and allocation of resources
are among the most important activities of the manager. If all
of the administrative functions of the City are within the orga-
nization reporting to the City Manager, he can perform these
activities to the best benefit of the the entire organization.
VI-1
While continuation of these reporting relationships will depend
upon local priorities and conditions, a reduction of both boards
and commissions and direct Council appointees could help
streamline the organization.
It is recommended that the following changes be made in the
direct council appointed personnel and commission area.
1. The Municipal Court Clerk performs an administrative function
and should become part of the administrative activities under
the city management structure. The Municipal Court Clerk is
included in our proposed organization chart as a division in
the Administrative Services Department. Having the Municipal
Court Clerk report to the Administrative Services would not
impair the impartiality of the judicial decision -making
process since the Municipal Court Judge is still directly
appointed by the City Council. This change in reporting
relationship would allow for a better supervisory and
management situation as well as allowing for the potential
cross utlization of personnel during peaks and valleys in the
work load process. The City Attorney should be requested to
determine the legal authorization for this change.
2. The City Secretary function should report to the
Administrative Services Department under the city management
structure. The City Secretary activity is essentially an
administrative function of organizing Council minutes,
ordinances, resolutions and handling elections for the
municipality. In addition, the City Secretary should be
designated the role of central repository of all official
city records, contracts, documents, reports, etc. Currently,
these documents are found in various locations around the
City depending upon the nature of the document. Most of
these records are referred to at some time in the City
Council agenda process, making this focal point the most
logical repository of records. The permit issuing duties of
VI-2
the City Secretary should be transferred to the Revenue
Division of the Department of Finance. Care should be taken
to make sure the City Code is updated and revised on a
regular basis in order to make sure all parties are aware of
the policy directives of the City Council. A similiar
rationale exists for transferring the City Secretary's
function under the city management structure as exists for
the Municipal Court Clerk.
3. The City Attorney's office should be become a department of
the City, advising the City Manager and department heads on
legal matters and providing prosecution duties and ligitation
defense. The major portion of the City Attorney's
responsibilities relate to providing services to the
administrative staff on legal matters, acquisition of land
and prosecution of legal issues. This change would afford
the City Manager control of operations of the City and allow
for the internal ability to establish priorities for the
attainment of those targets established by the City Council
which require input and coordiantion with the City Attorney's
office. The City Council may wish to have an attorney on
retainer to provie independent legal advice when they feel it
would be beneficial.
4. The City Council should consider a reduction in the sixteen
boards/commissions which currently serve the City of College
Station. In order to have these boards/commissions provide
substantive input for the City government process requires
significant resources from the City staff. In any event, a
clear role definition of the boards/commissions should be
established to differentiate their roles in advising both the
City Council and management on policy issues and
administrative issues, respectfully. The board/commissions,
as they currently exist, are listed below as well as whether
they advise on policy issues, management issues or have some
autonomous duties.
VI-3
Policy and Management Management Only
Semi -Autonomous
Ambulance Cemetery Electrical Examining
Energy Management Community Center Plumbing Appeals
Community Appearance Teen Center Structural Standards
Parks and Recreation Zoning Board of Adjustments
Joint Zoning
Planning and Zoning
Franchise Advisory
Library
Historic Preservation
The three management advisory committees could be elminated,
merged with the Parks and Recreation Commission or become sub
units of the Parks and Recreation Commission. The
board/commissions role in advising managment needs to limited
to advising on rules, regulations and other administrative
policy rather than on operational issues.
5. The City of College Station's orientation handbook for new
members of City Council, Boards, Commissions and Committees
should be updated to included the four commissions not
currently included in the document (Franchise Advisory
Committee, Library Committee the Historic Preservation
Committe, and the Energy Management Committee). In addition,
a clear designation of the liaison between the City staff and
the committees should be made so that the Boards and
Commissions can have fruitful communication with the
management structure.
6. A annual orientation and training program should be
established for Boards and Commissions. New members should
be oriented on the City of College Station organization, the
duties and responsibilities of their particular board and
VI-4
commission and the role that the board or commission plays,
whether it be advisory to management, advisory to City
Council or a semi -autonomous role.
VI-5
VII. WORKLOAD MEASUREMENT AND LEVEL OF SERVICES
An effective organization needs to have a means of evaluating its
existing cost of providing services and distribution work
required to provide those services. This information provides
management with the necessary tools to make decisions relating to
allocation of resources within the organization. A part of our
anticipated work efforts in this organization review was to
compare the workload/performance indicators in College Station to
other similiar cities in order to assess the relative
efficiencies of the work force in College Station. We were unable
to complete this task because the City of College Station does
not have adequate information systems established to measure work
load distribution or compare the productivity of the organization
to other cities. The City of College Station provides an
excellent level of services to its citizens. The quality of
services in the parks and recreation area is particularly
noteworthy. Each community, through its elected representatives,
must determine whether the services provided by the City are in
concert with the needs and desires of its citizens. We were
unable to adequately measure the efficiency of these services due
to lack of quantifiable data. Our observations are that the
services are being provided despite some inadequacies in
management and supervisory skills in the organization. An
improvement in these skills will undoubtedly increase the
efficiency of the operations. Recommendations relating to these
issues are as follows:
1. Work order accounting and cost accounting systems should be
established for the maintenance functions of the City and for
activities which are included in the indirect cost allocation
system. This will provide an accurate accounting for costs
of providing services within the community and provide a
basis for comparison of these costs to other entities.
VII-1
2. The City should establish an ongoing program for evaluating
City services compared to the cost of obtaining those
services through other mechanisms including the private
sector. This evaluation process will heighten the need for
efficiency and economy in the providing the City services as
well as provide a base of comparison for those services.
This function should become a function of the Budget/Research
Division so that a routine evaluation takes place of each
city activity on at least a five year basis.
3. There are a number of needs for additional and/or improved
automation activities within the City such as in the City
Clerk function, accounts payable function, etc. It is
anticipated that these activities will be reviewed in the
current study underway of management information services
needs.
4. The garage division does not maintain any maintenance records
on the City vehicles it services. The vehicle maintenance
activity in the City should include a program of evaluating
the condition of vehicles, providing preventive maintenance,
and providing for a replacement of the vehicle based upon the
comparison of maintenance costs to cost for replacement and
current condition of the vehicle.
5. The city should formulate a street management program over a
long term basis (five to ten years) in order to assess the
quality of the existing streets and provide for the future
needs for maintenance.
6. There is a need for work load measurements in most of the
service activities of the City. These work load measurements
should be established under the performance measurement
systems.
VII-2
7. The City should evaluate a central dispatching operation for
the police and fire operations to determine the feasibility
of integrating the two functions and the potential cost
savings to be achieved.
8. The City should investigate the need for an electrical
engineer within the electrical department rather than to
relying on external consulting services in this area.
9. The City should have a mapping system for all electrical,
water and sewer utility functions. The overall mapping
system is not adequate for record purposes. The need has not
yet proven critical since the information exists in the heads
of long-term employees but this situation should not be
allowed to continued to exist.
10. The City should review its purchasing manual in light of the
service orientation philosophy of the City Manager. The
purchasing manual reads more as a control document with
control lying in the hands of the central purchasing agent
(see specifically Section II-1 and III-3).
11. The City should establish and maintain an administrative
policies and procedures manual so that clear communication of
the overall policies of the City can be maintained on a on-
going basis. The orientation time for new employees should
be reduced through the existence of this manual.
12. The City should consider contracting with Brazos County for
collection of property taxes. Since the County is willing to
provide this service without charge to the City, the City
could realize the financial benefit of approximately $33,000
by this action. Part of this benefit would be due to a
reduction of expenditures of $20,500 which have been
identified by the City staff. It is also believed that the
increased availability of personnel time which was previously
VII-3
dedicated to the property tax function will allow more
diligent collection of other delinquent account receivables
which should increase revenues by approximately $13,000 to
$15,000. The transfer of the property tax collection process
will result in the loss of tax certificate sales of
approximately $5,000, however, not having to perform this
function should also increase the availability of personnel
time for the collection of delinquent revenues.
The total collection of property taxes as a percent of the
current levy is effected both by the efficiency and diligence
of the collection effort and the demographic makeup of the
fax role. If a contract is pursued with the County, the City
should closely monitor the collection process to ensure
adequate follow-up collections on delinquent accounts.
V I I-4
VIII. INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION
The City of College Station finds itself in an excellent position
for intergovernmental cooperation with the City of Bryan and
Brazos County. The attitude of the current elected officials and
appointed officials has created an environment which will work to
encourage intergovernmental endeavors where it can be shown to be
beneficial to the parties. The City should choose efforts
initially which are easily attainable and have a high likelihood
of success. It is recommended that the City of College Station
take the initiative to work with the City of Bryan and Brazos
County on any of the following activities:
• Establishment of a joint -training program for City
employees.
• Establishment of a joint -safety training program and/or
risk management effort.
• Creation of a joint -central dispatch for public safety
funcations including the implementation of a 911 system.
• Creation of a joint jail facility between the entities.
• Creation of a joint data processing bureau to serve the
management information needs of the communities.
• Creation of a joint garage facility to serve the vehicle
maintenance needs of the community.
• Consolidation of the economic development groups
currently financed by the City of College Station, City
of Bryan, Texas A&M University and Brazos County.
VIII-1