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HomeMy WebLinkAbout05/13/2019 - Regular Agenda Packet - City CouncilCity Council Regular College Station, TX Meeting Agenda - Final City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 City Hall Council Chambers6:00 PMMonday, May 13, 2019 1. Call to Order, Pledge of Allegiance, Invocation, Consider Absence Request. Presentation •Presentation of The Arts Council - College Arts Scholarship Winners •Presentation proclaiming May as National Bike Month •Presentation proclaiming May 19th – 25th as National Public Works Week Hear Visitors: During this time a citizen may address the City Council on any item which does not appear on the posted Agenda. Registration forms are available in the Office of the City Secretary. This form should be completed and returned to the office by 5:30 PM on the day of the Council meeting. Upon stepping to the podium the speaker must state their name and city of residence, including the state of residence if the city is located out of state . Speakers are encouraged to identify their College Station neighborhood or geographic location. Each speaker's remarks are limited to three minutes. A group of five or more may register at the Office of the City Secretary by 5:30 PM on the day of the meeting and designate an individual to speak for 10 minutes on their behalf. All signers must be in attendance when the speaker is introduced and may not speak individually during Hear Visitors. A speaker who wishes to include computer -based information while addressing the Council must provide the electronic file to the City Secretary by noon on the day of the Council meeting. During presentations a series of timer lights will change from green to yellow and an alarm will sound after two and one -half or nine and one -half minutes to signal thirty seconds remaining. When time expires the timer light will change to red, the final alarm will sound, and the speaker must conclude the remarks. The City Council will listen and receive the information presented by the speaker, ask staff to look into the matter, or place the issue on a future agenda. Topics of operational concerns shall be directed to the City Manager. Comments should not personally attack other speakers, Council or staff. Consent Agenda At the discretion of the Mayor, individuals may be allowed to speak on a Consent Agenda Item. Individuals who wish to address the City Council on a consent agenda item not posted as a public hearing shall register with the City Secretary prior to the Mayor's reading of the agenda item. Registration forms are available in the lobby and at the desk of the City Secretary. 2. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on consent agenda items which consists of ministerial or "housekeeping" items required by law. Items may be removed from the Page 1 College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019 May 13, 2019City Council Regular Meeting Agenda - Final consent agenda by majority vote of the Council. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on minutes for: • April 25, 2019 Workshop • April 25, 2019 Regular 19-02472a. Sponsors:Smith WKSHP042519 DRAFT Minutes RM042519 DRAFT Minutes Attachments: Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding the award of RFP 19-028, Annual Electric System Construction and Maintenance Labor, to two (2) vendors for a total amount of $1,500,000. The two vendors are Kasparian Underground, LLC dba H&B Contractors for a not to exceed amount of $600,000 and Primoris T&D Services LLC for a not to exceed amount of $900,000. 19-01782b. Sponsors:Crabb 19-028 Evaluation - Council SummaryAttachments: Presentation, discussion, and possible action to approve a contract amendment to the Employee Health Clinic contract between the City of College Station and CHI St. Joseph Health to extend the agreement term through December 31, 2019, to align with the City's benefit plan year. 19-02142c. Sponsors:Pond Employee Health Clinic Agreement First AmendmentAttachments: Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution adopting the Emergency Management Plan (EMP) dated May 2019. 19-02202d. Sponsors:McMahan EMP Resolution 5-1-19 EMP May 2019 Exhibit A Attachments: Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution adopting the Mitigation Action Plan titled “Mitigating Risk: Protecting Brazos County from All Hazards 2019-2024." 19-02222e. Sponsors:McMahan Mitigation Action Plan 2019-2024 Exh A Mitigation Action Plan Resolution 5-1-19 Attachments: Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution reappointing Brian Hilton as the Emergency Management Coordinator. 19-02232f. Sponsors:McMahan Page 2 College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019 May 13, 2019City Council Regular Meeting Agenda - Final TDEM Form 147 College Station.pdf EMC Resolution 5-1-19 Attachments: Presentation, discussion, and possible action on a construction contract with Jamail and Smith Construction, LP, in the amount of $153,394.92 for construction at three parks: Lincoln Recreation Center basketball pavilion structure painting and repairs, installing a water drinking fountain, court resurfacing, and lighting upgrades; the installation of water drinking fountains at Lick Creek Park; and concrete pads for bench installations at Cove of Nantucket Park. 19-02242g. Sponsors:Schmitz Lick Creek Revised Proposal Nantucket Revised Proposal Rec Center Revised Attachments: Presentation, discussion, and possible action on a change order in the amount of $9,925 to the TriTech Subscription Service, License and Use Agreement related to the police CAD/RMS project. 19-02272h. Sponsors:Menon Change Order CADRMSAttachments: Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding the renewal of a contract with Brazos Valley Softball Umpires Association to provide officiating services for City athletic leagues, programs and tournaments in an amount not to exceed $125,000 per year. 19-02292i. Sponsors:Schmitz Regular Agenda Individuals who wish to address the City Council on an item posted as a Public Hearing shall register with the Office of the City Secretary. Registration forms are available in the Office of the City Secretary. This form should be completed and returned to the office by 5:30 PM on the day of the Council meeting. Upon stepping to the podium the speaker must state their name and city of residence, including the state of residence if the city is located out of state. Speakers are encouraged to identify their College Station neighborhood or geographic location. Each speaker's remarks are limited to three minutes. A group of five or more may register at the Office of the City Secretary by 5:30 PM on the day of the meeting and designate an individual to speak for 10 minutes on their behalf. All signers must be in attendance when the speaker is introduced and may not speak individually during that Public Hearing. A speaker who wishes to include computer -based information while addressing the Council must provide the electronic file to the City Secretary by noon on the day of the Council meeting. During presentations a series of timer lights will change from green to yellow and an alarm will sound after two and one -half or nine and one -half minutes to signal thirty seconds remaining. When time expires the timer light will change to Page 3 College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019 May 13, 2019City Council Regular Meeting Agenda - Final red, the final alarm will sound, and the speaker must conclude the remarks. If Council needs additional information from the general public after the Public Hearing is closed some limited comments may be allowed at the discretion of the Mayor. Comments should not personally attack other speakers, Council or staff. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on an ordinance authorizing the issuance of up to $82,000,000 in principal amount of “City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019”; delegating the authority to certain City Officials to execute certain documents relating to the sale of the certificates; approving and authorizing instruments and procedures relating to the certificates; and enacting other provisions relating to the subject. 19-02431. Sponsors:Leonard Certificates of Obligation Coversheet-2019 Ordinance (CO) (ver 1) POS-College Station Series 2019 Attachments: Public Hearing, presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution of the City Council, authorizing the establishment of Public Utility Easements for the Huntington Sanitary Sewer Trunk Line Project within 2.079 acre and 0.079 acre portions of College Station greenways located generally east of Lakeway Drive and north of William D. Fitch Parkway, plus the City Council determination that the use of greenway property is allowable and that no other feasible or prudent alternative exists for the Public Utility Easements for the project, and that all reasonable planning measures have been taken to minimize the harm to such greenways. 19-02092. Sponsors:Bridges Change in Use Resolution Exhibit A - Metes & Bounds and Exhibits Map - Huntington Sewer Trunk Line Attachments: Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding an appointment to the Parks and Recreation Board. 19-02103. Sponsors:Smith 4.Presentation, possible action, and discussion on future agenda items and review of standing list of Council generated agenda items: A Council Member may inquire about a subject for which notice has not been given. A statement of specific factual information or the recitation of existing policy may be given. Any deliberation shall be limited to a proposal to place the subject on an agenda for a subsequent meeting. 5. Adjourn. Page 4 College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019 May 13, 2019City Council Regular Meeting Agenda - Final The City Council may adjourn into Executive Session to consider any item listed on this agenda if a matter is raised that is appropriate for Executive Session discussion. An announcement will be made of the basis for the Executive Session discussion. I certify that the above Notice of Meeting was posted at College Station City Hall, 1101 Texas Avenue, College Station, Texas, on May 9, 2019 at 5:00 p.m. _____________________ City Secretary This building is wheelchair accessible. Persons with disabilities who plan to attend this meeting and who may need accommodations, auxiliary aids, or services such as interpreters, readers, or large print are asked to contact the City Secretary’s Office at (979) 764-3541, TDD at 1-800-735-2989, or email adaassistance@cstx.gov at least two business days prior to the meeting so that appropriate arrangements can be made. If the City does not receive notification at least two business days prior to the meeting, the City will make a reasonable attempt to provide the necessary accommodations. Penal Code § 30.07. Trespass by License Holder with an Openly Carried Handgun. "Pursuant to Section 30.07, Penal Code (Trespass by License Holder with an Openly Carried Handgun) A Person Licensed under Subchapter H, Chapter 411, Government Code (Handgun Licensing Law), may not enter this Property with a Handgun that is Carried Openly." Codigo Penal § 30.07. Traspasar Portando Armas de Mano al Aire Libre con Licencia. “Conforme a la Seccion 30.07 del codigo penal (traspasar portando armas de mano al aire libre con licencia), personas con licencia bajo del Sub-Capitulo H, Capitulo 411, Codigo de Gobierno (Ley de licencias de arma de mano), no deben entrar a esta propiedad portando arma de mano al aire libre.” Page 5 College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019 City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0247 Name:Minutes Status:Type:Minutes Agenda Ready File created:In control:5/7/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action on minutes for: • April 25, 2019 Workshop • April 25, 2019 Regular Sponsors:Tanya Smith Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:WKSHP042519 DRAFT Minutes RM042519 DRAFT Minutes Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on minutes for: • April 25, 2019 Workshop • April 25, 2019 Regular Relationship to Strategic Goals: ·Good Governance Recommendation(s): Approval Summary:N/A Budget & Financial Summary: None Attachments: • April 25, 2019 Workshop • April 25, 2019 Regular College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™ WKSHP042519 Minutes Page 1 MINUTES OF THE CITY COUNCIL WORKSHOP CITY OF COLLEGE STATION APRIL 25, 2019 STATE OF TEXAS § § COUNTY OF BRAZOS § Present: Karl Mooney, Mayor Council: Bob Brick Jerome Rektorik Linda Harvell Elianor Vessali John Nichols Dennis Maloney City Staff: Bryan Woods, City Manager Jeff Capps, Assistant City Manager Carla Robinson, City Attorney Tanya Smith, City Secretary Ian Whittenton, Deputy City Secretary 1. Call to Order and Announce a Quorum is Present With a quorum present, the Workshop of the College Station City Council was called to order by Mayor Mooney at 4:01 p.m. on Thursday, April 25, 2019 in the Council Chambers of the City of College Station City Hall, 1101 Texas Avenue, College Station, Texas 7784 0. 2. Executive Session In accordance with the Texas Government Code §551.071-Consultation with Attorney, and §551.074-Personnel, the College Station City Council convened into Executive Session at 4:01 p.m. on Thursday, April 25, 2019 in order to continue discussing matters pertaining to: A. Consultation with Attorney to seek advice regarding pending or contemplated litigation; to wit:  Kathryn A. Stever-Harper as Executrix for the Estate of John Wesley Harper v. City of College Station and Judy Meeks; No. 15,977-PC in the County Court No. 1, Brazos County, Texas; and  McCrory Investments II, LLC d/b/a Southwest Stor Mor v. City of College Station; Cause No. 17-000914-CV-361; In the 361st District Court, Brazos County, Texas  City of College Station v. Gerry Saum, Individually, and as Independent Executrix of the Estate of Susan M. Wood, Deceased; Cause No. 17-002742-CV-361; In the 361st District Court, Brazos County, Texas  Carrie McIver v. City of College Station; Cause No. 18-003271-CV-85; In the 85th District Court, Brazos County, Texas WKSHP042519 Minutes Page 2 B. Deliberation on the appointment, employment, evaluation, reassignment, duties, discipline, or dismissal of a public officer; to wit:  Council Self-Evaluation  City Manager The Executive Session recessed at 5:13 p.m. 3. Reconvene from Executive Session and take action, if any. No action was taken. 4. Presentation, discussion, and possible action, and a joint meeting of the Planning and Zoning Commission and the City Council, regarding the 2018 and 2019 Planning & Zoning Commission’s Plan of Work. Jane Kee, P&Z Chair called to order the P&Z Commission joint meeting at 5:16 p.m. Jane Kee, P&Z Chair, presented an update on accomplishments related to the 2018 Plan of Work and the recommended 2019 Plan of Work. The Commission’s Plan of Work is updated and reported annually to seek input and concurrence from the Council. Following discussion of the draft Plan of Work in the joint meeting, the Commission may adopt the Plan by majority vote of the members present. Council directed the P&Z Commission to move forward with what has been presented. Jane Kee, P&Z Chair closed the P&Z Commission joint meeting at 5:38 p.m. 5. Presentation, possible action and discussion on items listed on the consent agenda. No items were pulled from Consent for clarification. 6. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding the Thomas Park Improvements Master Plan Options. David Schmitz, Parks and Recreation Director, stated that staff designed the Thomas Park Improvements Master Plan, laying out various options identifying additional amenities for the linear corridor of Thomas Park. Each amenity is listed with an opinion of probable construction costs. The recent Parks and Recreation Survey showed the top three amenities for Thomas Park were: 1. New Swimming Pool 2. Splash Pad 3. Dog Park At the April 9th 2019 Parks and Recreation Advisory Board meeting Paul Dyson made a motion to spend the one million set aside by Council on the covered tennis court, a dog park and 2 cov ered picnic tables on the North end of Thomas Park and Ann Hays seconded the motion. A vote was called with seven (7) in favor, one (1) opposed, and one (1) abstention. The motion passed. WKSHP042519 Minutes Page 3 Mayor Mooney recessed the Workshop at 6:04 p.m. Workshop reconvened at 8:30 p.m. Council would like to see a comprehensive strategic plan for the entirety of Thomas Park, keeping in mind that the budgeted FY19 funds may be added to additional funds in a FY20 budget. Majority of the Council concurred with a decreased speed limit, cover areas, parking, maintenance and additions, and possibly a pool included in a future strategic plan but do not wish to see a dog park nor a splash pad. 7. Council Calendar Council reviewed the calendar. 8. Discussion, review, and possible action regarding the following meetings: Animal Shelter Board, Annexation Task Force, Arts Council of Brazos Valley, Architectural Advisory Committee, Arts Council Sub-committee, Audit Committee, Bicycle, Pedestrian, and Greenways Advisory Board, Bio-Corridor Board of Adjustments, Blinn College Brazos Valley Advisory Committee, Brazos County Health Dept., Brazos Valley Council of Governments, Brazos Valley Economic Development Corporation, Bryan/College Station Chamber of Commerce, Budget and Finance Committee, BVSWMA, BVWACS, Compensation and Benefits Committee, Experience Bryan -College Station, Design Review Board, Economic Development Committee, FBT/Texas Aggies Go to War, Gulf Coast Strategic Highway Coalition, Historic Preservation Committee, Interfaith Dialogue Association, Intergovernmental Committee, Joint Relief Funding Review Committee, Landmark Commission, Library Board, Metropolitan Planning Organization, Parks and Recreation Board, Planning and Zoning Commission, Research Valley Technology Council, Regional Transportation Committee for Council of Governments, Sister Cities Association, Spring Creek Local Government Corporation, Transportation and Mobility Committee, TAMU Economic Development, TAMU Student Senate, Texas Municipal League, Twin City Endowment, Walk with the Mayor, YMCA, Youth Advisory Council, Zoning Board of Adjustments, (Notice of Agendas posted on City Hall bulletin board). Councilmember Vessali reported on BVWACS. Councilmember Rektorik reported on EDC. Mayor Mooney reported on Gulf Coast Strategic Highway Coalition. 9. Adjournment There being no further business, Mayor Mooney adjourned the workshop of the College Station City Council at 9:41 p.m. on Thursday, April 25, 2019. ________________________ Karl Mooney, Mayor ATTEST: _______________________ Tanya Smith, City Secretary RM042519 Minutes Page 1 MINUTES OF THE REGULAR CITY COUNCIL MEETING CITY OF COLLEGE STATION APRIL 25, 2019 STATE OF TEXAS § § COUNTY OF BRAZOS § Present: Karl Mooney, Mayor Council: Bob Brick Jerome Rektorik Linda Harvell Elianor Vessali John Nichols Dennis Maloney City Staff: Bryan Woods, City Manager Jeff Capps, Assistant City Manager Carla Robinson, City Attorney Tanya Smith, City Secretary Ian Whittenton, Deputy City Secretary Call to Order and Announce a Quorum is Present With a quorum present, the Regular Meeting of the College Station City Council was called to order by Mayor Mooney at 6:13 p.m. on Thursday, April 25, 2019 in the Council Chambers of the City of College Station City Hall, 1101 Texas Avenue, College Station, Texas 7784 0. 1. Pledge of Allegiance, Invocation, consider absence request. Presentation and recognition for the Brazos Valley Groundwater Conservation District to present Pebble Creek Country Club with the 2018 "Groundwater Conservationist of the Year Award" for Commercial Irrigation. Alan Day and Megan Haas with the BV Groundwater Conservation District, announced that the Pebble Creek Country Club had achieved the 2018 "Groundwater Conservationist of the Year Award" for Commercial Irrigation. A plaque was presented to Justin London with the Pebble Creek Country Club. Presentation proclaiming May 5-11, 2019 as Drinking Water Awareness Week. Mayor Mooney presented the proclamation and proclaimed May 5-11, 2019 as Drinking Water Awareness Week. Present to accept the proclamation was Jennifer Nations, Water Services Program Coordinator. RM042519 Minutes Page 2 Presentation proclaiming April 22-26, 2019 as National Community Development Week. Mayor Mooney presented the proclamation and proclaimed May 5-11, 2019 as National Community Development Week. Present to accept the proclamation were Debbie Eller, Director of Community Services; Gus Roman, Assistant Director of Community Services; David Brower, Community Development Analyst; Brian Piscacek, Assistant to City Manager/Special Project; and Raney Whitwell, Code Enforcement Officer. Presentation proclaiming May 5-11, 2019 as Municipal Clerk's Week. Mayor Mooney presented a proclamation to the City Secretary’s Office on behalf of all Municipal Clerk’s, proclaiming May 5-11, 2019 as Municipal Clerks Week, and for the vital services the perform all their exemplary dedication to the communities they represent. Hear Visitors Comments Elianor Vessali, College Station, came before Council to honor the service and sacrifice of Air Force Airman 1st Class, Corey C. Owens. Suzanne Drolesky, College Station, submitted written comments on her concerns with Thomas Park. Diane Davis, College Station, came before council because she does not understand why the city is considering other options when the citizens voted in a recent survey in favor of a new pool in Thomas Park. Anthony Foote, College Station, came before Council stated his concerns with having a dog park in Thomas Park. He believes the open park has never been a problem with owners and their dogs, plus the area is too small for a dog park. Rachel Smith, College Station, came before Council to state her concerns about eliminating Thomas Pool and the need to reinvest in the neighborhood and replace the pool. Patsy Johnson, College Station, came before Council to give her analysis of a 2018 survey which showed support for replacing the pool at Thomas Park and should have given stronger direction to the overall renovations at Thomas Pool. Carrie Morgan, College Station, submitted written comments on her concerns with Thomas Park. Paul Morgan, College Station, submitted written comments on his concerns with Thomas Park. Melissa McIlhaney, College Station, came before Council stating she moved to this neighborhood because of Thomas Park and its pool. She is also of the opinion that homes in the neighborhood have large yards and the area does not need a dog park. Mary Saslow, College Station, came before Council and stated she was on the Parks Board 40 years ago, and the decisions that were made directly influenced not only this park but future parks. She explained that there are many memories made at good parks and a new pool here would benefit the community. RM042519 Minutes Page 3 Tom Dew, College Station, stated he has been a resident of the area adjacent to the proposed dog park for 30 years and he is opposed to the dog park but in favor of repairs to existing facilities and a new pool. He also has concerns about the current speed limit around the perimeter of the park. Glenn Pruitt, College Station, stated his concerns about the lighted tennis and basketball courts. He feels the crime level will increase and the city needs to look at decreasing the speed limit around Thomas Park CONSENT AGENDA 2a. Presentation, possible action, and discussion of minutes for:  April 11, 2019 Workshop Meeting  April 11, 2019 Regular Meeting 2b. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on approving an annual blanket purchase order for the purchase of repair parts and repair labor for fire trucks from Lonestar Freightliner Group, LLC through the BuyBoard Purchasing Cooperative. Estimated annual expenditure: $180,000. 2c. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding Change Order Number 1 to the Graham Road Substation in the amount of $352,269.84 and revising the date of substantial completion from October 1, 2019 to January 31st, 2020. 2d. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding approval of a renewal of a service contract between the City of College Station and All Around Tree Service, Inc., for an annual amount not to exceed $150,000 for landscaping, tree trimming and removal services. 2e. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a construction contract in the amount of $281,998 with Bayer Construction Electrical Contractors, Inc. for the installation of a traffic signal at the intersection of Barron Road and Alexandria Avenue. 2f. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on Ordinance No. 2019-4087 amending Chapter 8, "Business" Article VII, "Secondhand Dealers" of the Code of Ordinances relating to secondhand dealers. 2g. Presentation, discussion, and possible action to consider Ordinance No. 2019-4088 amending Chapter 40, "Utilities", of the Code of Ordinances of the City of College Station, Texas, by amending Division 5: Drought Contingency and Water Emergency Plan in its entirety. 2h. Presentation, discussion, and possible action to consider Resolution No. 04-25-19-2h to adopt an updated Water Conservation Plan, as required by TWDB and TCEQ. 2i. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding Ordinance No. 2019-4089 amending: (A) Chapter 2, “Administration,” Article Vi, “Boards And Commissions,” Division 2, “Historic Preservation Committee,” Section 2-170, “Membership,” and Division 4, “Parks and Recreation Advisory Board,” Section 2-226, “Creation; Membership;” (B) Chapter 103, “Buildings and Building Regulations,” Article II, “Administration and Enforcement,” Division 2, “Construction Board of Adjustment and Appeals; Appeals and Variances,” RM042519 Minutes Page 4 Section 103-45, “Membership and Conflict of Interest;” and (C) Appendix A, “Unified Development Ordinance,” Article 1, “General Provisions,” Section 2.6, “Bicycle, Pedestrian, and Greenways Advisory Board,” Subsection B, “Membership and Terms,” 2, “Terms,” and Article 2, “Development Review Bodies,” Section 2.2, “Planning and Zoning Commission,” Subsection B, “Membership and Terms,” 2, “Terms,” and 3, “Term Limits,” and Section 2.5, “Design Review Board,” Subsection B, “Membership and Terms,” of the Code of Ordinances of the City of College Station, Texas, to stagger appointments to City Boards And Committees in order to allow the City Council to make annual appointments. MOTION: Upon a motion made by Councilmember Rektorik and a second by Councilmember Nichols, the City Council voted seven (7) for and none (0) opposed, to approve the Consent Agenda. The motion carried unanimously. REGULAR AGENDA Mayor Mooney pulled Regular Agenda Item # 6 out of order to be presented first on the agenda. 6. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding the appointment of City Council, Planning & Zoning Commission, and citizen representatives to the Comprehensive Plan Evaluation Committee. Justin Golbabai, Planning and Development, provided a brief overview of the Comprehensive Plan Evaluation Committee (CPEC) that will serve as the steering committee for the Comprehensive Plan 10-Year review process and will provide direction in the development of the Comprehensive Plan 10-Year Evaluation and Appraisal Report. At the March 21st Planning & Zoning Commission Retreat the Commiss ion recommended that the CPEC consist of three City Council members, three P&Z Commissioners, and five citizens, including one Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) representative. On April 18, 2019, the Commission considered recommendations for P&Z member appointments. Council increased the citizen’s members to seven (7) representatives; six (6) citizens and one (1) ETJ member. Councilmembers representatives are: John Nichols, Linda Harvell, and Elianor Vessali MOTION: Upon a motion made by Councilmember Nichols and a second by Councilmember Rektorik, the City Council voted seven (7) for and none (0) opposed, to approve the P&Z recommendation of Dennis Christianson, Elizabeth Cunha, Jeremy Osborne and an alternate, Joe Guerra, as the P&Z representatives to the Comprehensive Plan Evaluation Committee. The motion carried unanimously. MOTION: Upon a motion made by Councilmember Maloney and a second by Councilmember Rektorik, the City Council voted seven (7) for and none (0) opposed, to appoint Brian Bochner, Keith Brimley, Michael Buckley, Clint Cooper, Lisa Halperin, Julie Schultz and ETJ – Shana Elliott to the Comprehensive Plan Evaluation Committee. The motion carried unanimously. 1. Public Hearing, presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding Ordinance No. 2019- 4090 amending the Comprehensive Plan - Future Land Use and Character Map from Estate RM042519 Minutes Page 5 to Restricted Suburban for approximately 13 acres, generally located at 1402 Bird Pond Road and 1404 Bird Pond Road. Rachel Lazo, Planning and Development, stated that the applicant has requested an amendment to the Comprehensive Plan’s Future Land Use and Character Map from Estate to Restricted Suburban as a step toward permitting a residential subdivision on approximately 13 acres located south of the adjacent Bird Pond Estates. The subject property and properties to the north and east are primarily designated Estate on the Comprehensive Plan Future Land Use and Character Map, while the properties to the south and west across Rock Prairie Road are designated Restricted Suburban. Mrs. Lazo explained that the proposed amendment shifts the existing Restricted Suburban designation further to the north to encompass all of the subject property. Further amendments to allow more intense land uses in this area are discouraged due to a limited future street network and utility constraints in this area, as well as to retain the existing rural character anticipated by the Comprehensive Plan. Staff believes there is limited opportunity to expand the Restricted Suburban land use further east due to the majority of the area being comprised of either large amounts of floodplain or existing estate and rural homes. The request neither furthers, nor limits the general goals of the Comprehensive Plan. However, the amendment limits more specific goals stated as a part of Growth Area III which indicates a desire to protect the prevailing rural character of this area. The Planning and Zoning Commission considered this item on April 4, 2019 and voted 6-0 to recommend approval. Staff also recommends approval. At approximately 7:30 p.m., Mayor Mooney opened the Public Hearing. There being no comments, the Public Hearing was closed at 7:30 p.m. MOTION: Upon a motion made by Councilmember Maloney and a second by Councilmember Nichols, the City Council voted seven (7) for and none (0) opposed, to adopt Ordinance No. 2019- 4090 amending the Comprehensive Plan - Future Land Use and Character Map from Estate to Restricted Suburban for approximately 13 acres, generally located at 1402 Bird Pond Road and 1404 Bird Pond Road. The motion carried unanimously. 2. Public Hearing, presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding Ordinance No. 2019-4091 amending Appendix “A”, “Unified Development Ordinance,” Section 4.2 “Official Zoning Map,” of the Code of Ordinances of the City of College Station, Texas by changing the zoning district boundaries from E Estate to PDD Planned Development District on approximately 13 acres of land, generally located at 1402 Bird Pond Road and 1404 Bird Pond Road. Rachel Lazo, Planning and Development, stated that this request is to rezone approximately 13 acres located at 1402 and 1404 Bird Pond Road from E Estate to PDD Planned Development District with a base zoning district of RS Restricted Suburban. She explained that for consistency, the Concept Plan includes Restricted Suburban-sized lots for the portion of the development adjacent to the developing Waterford Heights Subdivision, and Estate-style lots adjacent to the existing Bird Pond Estates (Area 1 on the Concept Plan). As provided by the applicant, the stated purpose and intent of the requested PDD is “to provide single-family Restricted Suburban lots to meet the high demand for lots near the Medical District which will have more urban land uses.” The applicant offers the RM042519 Minutes Page 6 following as community benefits to off-set the requested modification: less dense Estate-style lots in Area 1 on the Concept Plan to allow for a transition to the abutting established Bird Pond Estates subdivision. The modification requested, RS Restricted Suburban, is proposed as the base zoning district with a modification to not connect the proposed development to the existing projection of Yellow Tanger Court from Bird Pond Estates. The developer has requested this modification in response to the desires of the Bird Pond Estates Homeowners Association, as detailed in the accompanying letter of support from the HOA. Staff is recommending denial of this modification request. The subject tract was originally planned as Phase 3 of the Bird Pond Estates subdivision, but never constructed. Yellow Tanger Court stubs to the subject tract from Bird Pond Estates and Crystal Lane projects from Waterford Heights currently under construction as shown below. The Planning and Zoning Commission considered this item on April 4, 2019 and voted 6 -0 to recommend approval of the PDD and associated Concept Plan, including a proposed street extension modification. Staff also recommends approval of the PDD Planned Development District zoning, but believes the street extension should be made. At approximately 7:44 p.m., Mayor Mooney opened the Public Hearing. Sid Hodges, College Station, stated he is not in favor of opening up his neighborhood by connecting Bird Pond Estates and Crystal Lane projects from Waterford Heights. Bob Yancy, College Station, came before Council asking for approval of the change of the zoning district boundaries from E Estate to PDD Planned Development District located at 1402 Bird Pond Road and 1404 Bird Pond Road. There being no comments, the Public Hearing was closed at 7:50 p.m. MOTION: Upon a motion made by Councilmember Vessali and a second by Councilmember Rektorik, the City Council voted seven (7) for and none (0) opposed, to adopt Ordinance No. 2019- 4091 amending Appendix “A”, “Unified Development Ordinance,” Section 4.2 “Official Zoning Map,” of the Code of Ordinances of the City of College Station, Texas by changing the zoning district boundaries from E Estate to PDD Planned Development District on approximately 13 acres of land, generally located at 1402 Bird Pond Road and 1404 Bird Pond Road, as submitted and with the P&Z recommendations. The motion carried unanimously. 3. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on approving a Professional Architectural & Engineering Contract with Wantman Group, Inc. in the amount of $188,035, to complete a Northgate District Study and Plan to Address Operational Challenges. Debbie Eller, Community Services Director, stated that this contract will allow the City to hire Wantman Group, Inc. to complete a study of the Northgate District. Big Red Dog Engineering, a division of Wantman Group, Inc., will be performing the work and was selected from six (6) responses received through a Request for Qualifications process. There are four elements to the proposed project approach: RM042519 Minutes Page 7  Identify locations within the Northgate District that have the potential for improved mobility and operations.  Identify additional uses for the public realm that could serve as vibrant centers of activity for the Northgate District. Parks, plazas, and open space networks can serve to create stronger connections within the area. Analyze key periods during different times/days of the week to understand the differing conditions and operations that the Northgate District experiences.  To improve public safety and accessibility, locate opportunities to improve and address lighting, landscaping, and solid waste needs in the Northgate District while considering the use and implementation of wireless broadband connectivity.  Provide a set of cost estimates, along with funding strategies, potential quick-build options, and a priority project list for short-term, near-term, and long-term implementation. MOTION: Upon a motion made by Councilmember Nichols and a second by Mayor Mooney, the City Council voted seven (7) for and none (0) opposed, to approve a Professional Architectural & Engineering Contract with Wantman Group, Inc. in the amount of $188,035; to complete a Northgate District Study and Plan to Address Operational Challenges. The motion carried unanimously. 4. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on a construction contract with Thalle Construction Company, Inc. in the amount of $10,932,672.50 for the construction of the Lick Creek Trunk Line Project and Resolution No. 04-25-19-04 Declaring Intention to Reimburse Certain Expenditures with Proceeds from Debt. Emily Fisher, Assistant Director of Public Works, stated that this project includes the construction of a 48-inch and 54-inch PVC sanitary sewer line from the Lick Creek WWTP, north, to W.D. Fitch. The 54-inch sewer line extends from the Lick Creek WWTP north through Lick Creek Park up to the southern boundary of the Pebble Creek golf course. The sewer line will reduce to a 48-inch line and continue north through the Pebble Creek golf course to tie onto an existing 48-inch line just north of W.D. Fitch. Two pipe material options were bid with the project, PVC and Fiberglass Reinforced Pipe. PVC was chosen based on the significant cost savings as compared to Fiberglass Reinforced pipe. This line has been identified in the wastewater master plan and in the future will carry diverted flows from Carter Creek WWTP to the Lick Creek plant. MOTION: Upon a motion made by Councilmember Nichols and a second by Councilmember Rektorik, the City Council voted seven (7) for and none (0) opposed, to approve a construction contract with Thalle Construction Company, Inc. in the amount of $10,932,672.50 for the construction of the Lick Creek Trunk Line Project and Resolution No. 04-25-19-04 Declaring Intention to Reimburse Certain Expenditures with Proceeds from Debt. The motion carried unanimously. 5. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding the approval to purchase $460,396.34 of shelving from Lone Star Furnishings on Buy Board Contract #503 -16, with project funds, as a portion of the furnishings for the newly renovated Larry J. Ringer Library. Erica Wozniak, state that the Larry J. Ringer renovation project budgeted $875,000 to purchase the necessary furnishings for the newly renovated building. The shelving requested by the library staff, at a cost of $460,396.34, has a lead time of 12 weeks. Staff is requesting approval to purchase this item now in order to meet the project completion date, and a request to purchase the remaining RM042519 Minutes Page 8 furnishings will be presented to council at a later date. The total cost of all of the requested furniture is within the budgeted amount of $875,000. MOTION: Upon a motion made by Councilmember Harvell and a second by Councilmember Brick, the City Council voted seven (7) for and none (0) opposed, to approve the purchase of $460,396.34 for shelving from Lone Star Furnishings on Buy Board Contract #503-16, with project funds, as a portion of the furnishings for the newly renovated Larry J. Ringer Library. The motion carried unanimously. Regular Agenda Item # 6 was moved to the first item of the regular agenda items. 7. Presentation, possible action, and discussion on future agenda items and review of standing list of Council generated agenda items: A Council Member may inquire about a subject for which notice has not been given. A statement of specific factual information or the recitation of existing policy may be given. Any deliberation shall be limited to a proposal to place the subject on an agenda for a subsequent meeting. Councilmember Maloney requested a future agenda item on water rates for residential and commercial and how these integrate with groundwater conservation. Councilmember Vessali requested a future agenda item on “clawback” provisions in our staff education and training as well as a presentation on the education and training budgets for departments. 8. Adjournment. There being no further business, Mayor Mooney adjourned the Regular Meeting of the City Council at 8:23 p.m. on Thursday, April 25, 2019. ________________________ Karl Mooney, Mayor ATTEST: ___________________________ Tanya Smith, City Secretary City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0178 Name:Annual Electric System Construction & Maintenance Labor Contracts Status:Type:Contract Consent Agenda File created:In control:4/5/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding the award of RFP 19-028, Annual Electric System Construction and Maintenance Labor, to two (2) vendors for a total amount of $1,500,000. The two vendors are Kasparian Underground, LLC dba H&B Contractors for a not to exceed amount of $600,000 and Primoris T&D Services LLC for a not to exceed amount of $900,000. Sponsors:Timothy Crabb Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:19-028 Evaluation - Council Summary Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation,discussion,and possible action regarding the award of RFP 19-028,Annual Electric System Construction and Maintenance Labor,to two (2)vendors for a total amount of $1,500,000. The two vendors are Kasparian Underground,LLC dba H&B Contractors for a not to exceed amount of $600,000 and Primoris T&D Services LLC for a not to exceed amount of $900,000. Relationship to Strategic Goals: (Select all that apply) ·Core Services and Infrastructure Recommendation(s): Staff recommends awarding contract 19300477 to Kasparian Underground,LLC dba H&B Contractors in the amount of $600,000 and Contract 19300478 to Primoris T&D Services,LLC in the amount of $900,000,for a total not to exceed amount of $1,500,000.The contract award to Primoris T&D Services,LLC is contingent upon the City receiving acceptable payment and performance bonds within 10 business days after contract award by City Council. Summary: The Annual Electric System Construction &Maintenance Labor Contract is for supplemental labor and equipment to construct the required electric distribution line extensions and conversions and to provide for the necessary maintenance of the City’s electric distribution system for a twelve (12) month period.Estimated unit quantities for this bid were based on 2018 work performed by the former contractor and were used to determine the annual estimate for labor costs. Eight (8)competitive proposals were received on March 21,2019,in response to RFP 19-028.The RFP was structured to allow contracts to be awarded by section (overhead,underground and related services)or as a single contract.Electric staff evaluated the proposals and ranked them based on the College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0178,Version:1 services)or as a single contract.Electric staff evaluated the proposals and ranked them based on the requirements listed in the RFP.After completing the evaluations,staff recommends splitting the award as follows: Underground Facilities and Additional Services: Contract 19300477 - Kasparian Underground, LLC dba H&B Contractors $600,000 Overhead Facilities and Related Services: Contract 19300478 - Primoris T&D Services, LLC* $900,000* Total Award Amount $1,500,000 Both contracts will be for a one (1) year term with two (2) possible one (1) year renewals. *The contract award to Primoris T&D Services,LLC is contingent upon the City receiving acceptable payment and performance bonds within 10 business days after contract award by City Council. Reviewed and Approved by Legal: Yes Budget & Financial Summary: Funds for labor in these contracts are budgeted in the Electric Capital Improvements and Maintenance Projects Funds and will be expensed as work is assigned. Attachments: RFP 19-028 Ranking Summary Contracts are available for review in the City Secretary’s office College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ RFP 19-028 Annual Electric System Construction and Maintenance Labor RFP# 19-028 Evaluation - Round 1 - Average Round One Evaluations:Maximum Points H&B Kasparian Underground LLC L.E.Meyers Line Tech M C Dean Primoris White Fish Contractor and Subcontractor Experience & Qualifications 30 21.40 27.00 24.60 25.00 23.60 27.80 21.60 Contractor Current Work Schedule/Record 30 18.60 26.20 22.20 24.20 24.80 27.00 21.20 Contractor Safety Record 20 19.60 15.20 16.00 16.40 15.80 14.60 17.80 Contractor and Subcontractor References 10 5.40 9.20 8.20 8.80 8.40 9.40 8.60 Contractor Key Personnel 5 1.80 4.60 3.40 4.60 4.00 4.60 4.00 Contractor Financial Resources 5 1.00 3.80 4.60 2.00 4.60 4.80 3.40 Total Points 100 67.80 86.00 79.00 81.00 81.20 88.20 76.60 Points Rank 7.00 2.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 1.00 6.00 Averaged Rank 6.80 2.50 4.30 4.10 3.40 1.90 5.00 Overhead Bid y y y y y y Underground Bid y y y y y y Service Bid y y y y y y RFP 19-028 Annual Electric System Construction and Maintenance Labor RFP# 19-028 Evaluation - Round 2 Round Two Evaluations: Overhead Maximum Points H&B Kasparian Underground LLC L.E.Meyers Line Tech M C Dean Primoris White Fish Contractor and Subcontractor Experience & Qualifications 15 12.50 11.80 13.90 Contractor Current Work Schedule/Record 15 12.10 12.40 13.50 Contractor Safety Record 5 4.10 3.95 3.65 Contractor and Subcontractor References 5 4.40 4.20 4.70 Proposed Construction Contract Amount 60 36.66 60.00 57.00 Total Points 100 69.76 92.35 92.75 Points Rank 3.00 2.00 1.00 Round Two Evaluations: Underground Maximum Points H&B Kasparian Underground LLC L.E.Meyers Line Tech M C Dean Primoris White Fish Contractor and Subcontractor Experience & Qualifications 15 13.50 12.50 11.80 Contractor Current Work Schedule/Record 15 13.10 12.10 12.40 Contractor Safety Record 5 3.80 4.10 3.95 Contractor and Subcontractor References 5 4.60 4.40 4.20 Proposed Construction Contract Amount 60 60.00 30.98 36.54 Total Points 100 95.00 64.08 68.89 Points Rank 1.00 3.00 2.00 Round Two Evaluations: Services Maximum Points H&B Kasparian Underground LLC L.E.Meyers Line Tech M C Dean Primoris White Fish Contractor and Subcontractor Experience & Qualifications 15 13.50 12.50 11.80 Contractor Current Work Schedule/Record 15 13.10 12.10 12.40 Contractor Safety Record 5 3.80 4.10 3.95 Contractor and Subcontractor References 5 4.60 4.40 4.20 Proposed Construction Contract Amount 60 60.00 15.36 25.69 Total Points 100 95.00 48.46 58.04 Points Rank 1.00 3.00 2.00 City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0214 Name:Employee Health Clinic Contract Amendment Status:Type:Contract Consent Agenda File created:In control:4/22/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action to approve a contract amendment to the Employee Health Clinic contract between the City of College Station and CHI St. Joseph Health to extend the agreement term through December 31, 2019, to align with the City's benefit plan year. Sponsors:Alison Pond Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:Employee Health Clinic Agreement First Amendment Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation, discussion, and possible action to approve a contract amendment to the Employee Health Clinic contract between the City of College Station and CHI St. Joseph Health to extend the agreement term through December 31, 2019, to align with the City's benefit plan year. Relationship to Strategic Goals: ·Financially Sustainable City Recommendation(s): Staff recommends approval of the contract amendment. Summary:In June 2016,the City contracted with CHI St.Joseph to provide Employee Health Clinic Operations and Management Services for City of College Station employees,retirees,and dependents enrolled in the City’s self-funded group health insurance plan.The original contract term was defined as a three-year agreement with one additional three-year renewal term.The not-to- exceed amount of the contract was $465,688.60,which included all costs for facilities,personnel, equipment and supplies. This proposed amendment extends the current contract term, originally set to expire June 6, 2019, to December 31, 2019. The purpose of this extension is to align the contract term with the City's benefit plan year which runs from January 1 through December 31. With the extension of the term, the not- to-exceed amount has been adjusted to $722,227.19 to account for seven (7) additional months of operation expenses. Budget & Financial Summary: Funds are available and budgeted in the Employee Benefits Fund. Legal Review: Yes College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0214,Version:1 Attachments: Employee Health Clinic Agreement First Amendment College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0220 Name:Emergency Management Plan Resolution Status:Type:Resolution Consent Agenda File created:In control:4/23/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution adopting the Emergency Management Plan (EMP) dated May 2019. Sponsors:Jonathan McMahan Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:EMP Resolution 5-1-19 EMP May 2019 Exhibit A Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution adopting the Emergency Management Plan (EMP) dated May 2019. Relationship to Strategic Goals: ·Good Governance ·Financially Sustainable City ·Core Services and Infrastructure ·Neighborhood Integrity ·Diverse Growing Economy ·Improving Mobility ·Sustainable City Recommendation(s): Staff recommends acceptance of the resolution Summary: The Emergency Management Program was established by City Ordinance #3180, dated May 18, 2009, to provide a consistent approach to the effective management of situations involving natural disasters, man-made disasters or terrorism. It is our responsibility to protect public health and safety and preserve property from the effects of hazardous events. We have the primary role in identifying and mitigating hazards, preparing for and responding to, and managing the recovery from emergency situations that affect our community. The Emergency Management Plan (EMP) outlines the roles and responsibilities of City staff and departments. College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0220,Version:1 Budget & Financial Summary: None Attachments: Emergency Management Plan (EMP) and Resolution College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ RESOLUTION NO.______________ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION ADOPTING AND APPROVING THE BRAZOS COUNTY INTERJURISDICTIONAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) FOR BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY, THE CITIES OF COLLEGE STATION, BRYAN, AND WIXON VALLEY. WHEREAS, the Emergency Management Program was established by City Ordinance #3180, dated May 18, 2009 providing a consistent approach to effective management of situations involving natural disasters, man-made disasters or terrorism; and WHEREAS, it is the City’s responsibility to protect public health and safety and preserve property from the effects of hazardous events. The City has the primary role in identifying and mitigating hazards, preparation and response and recovery management from emergency situations affecting our community, and WHEREAS, the EMP outlines the roles and responsibilities of City staff; and WHEREAS, the City Council for the City of College Station, Texas desires to adopt the EMP dated May 2019. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS PART 1: That the City Council hereby adopts and approves the EMP dated May 2019 as attached in Exhibit A. PART 2: That this resolution shall take effect immediately from and after its passage. ADOPTED this ___ day of ______, 2019. ATTEST: APPROVED: City Secretary Mayor APPROVED: City Attorney EXHIBIT A EMP FOR BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY, THE CITIES OF COLLEGE STATION, BRYAN, AND WIXON VALLEY EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY AND THE CITIES OF BRYAN, COLLEGE STATION, KURTEN AND WIXON VALLEY Ver2.0 05/05 MAY2019 APPROVAL & IMPLEMENTATION The Brazos County lnterjurisdictional Emergency Management Plan This emergency management plan is hereby approved. This plan is effective immediately and supersedes all previous editions. Mayor, City of Bryan Date Mayor, City of College Station Date Mayor, City of Kurten Date Mayor, City of Wixon Valley Date Executive V.P for Finance & Operations, Texas A&M University Date Ver 2.0 05105 BP-i Change# Ver2.0 05/05 RECORD OF CHANGES Basic Plan Date of Change Change Entered By Date Entered BP-ii TABLE OF CONTENTS BASIC PLAN I. AUTHORITY ........................................................................................................................ 1 A. Federal ........................................................................................................................... 1 B. State ............................................................................................................................... 1 C. Local .............................................................................................................................. 1 II. PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................... 2 Ill. EXPLANATION OF TERMS ................................................................................................ 2 A. Acronyms ....................................................................................................................... 2 B. Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 3 IV. SITUATION AND ASSUMPTIONS ...................................................................................... 5 A. Situation ......................................................................................................................... 5 B. Assumptions ................................................................................................................... 6 V. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS ............................................................................................. 7 A. Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 6 B. General .......................................................................................................................... 6 C. Operational Guidance .................................................................................................... 8 D. Incident Command System (ICS) ................................................................................... 9 E. ICS -EOC Interface ....................................................................................................... 10 F. State, Federal & Other Assistance ................................................................................ 11 G. Emergency Authorities .................................................................................................. 12 H. Actions by Phases of Emergency Management.. ........................................................... 13 VI. ORGANIZATION AND ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES ...................................... 14 A. Organization .................................................................................................................. 14 B. Assignment of Responsibilities ...................................................................................... 15 VII. DIRECTION AND CONTROL ............................................................................................ 26 A. General ......................................................................................................................... 26 B. Emergency Facilities ..................................................................................................... 26 C. Line of Succession ........................................................................................................ 27 VIII. READINESS LEVELS ....................................................................................................... 28 IX. ADMINISTRATION AND SUPPORT ................................................................................. 31 A. Agreements and Contracts ............................................................................................ 31 B. Reports .......................................................................................................................... 31 C. Preservation of Records ................................................................................................ 32 D. Training ......................................................................................................................... 33 E. Consumer Protection ..................................................................................................... 33 F. Post-Incident and Exercise Review ............................................................................... 33 Ver 2.0 05105 BP-iii X. PLAN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE ................................................................. 33 A. Plan Development ......................................................................................................... 33 B. Distribution of Planning Documents ............................................................................... 33 C. Review .......................................................................................................................... 33 D. Update ........................................................................................................................... 34 ATTACHMENTS ATTACHMENT 1: Distribution List ....................................................................................... 1-1 ATTACHMENT 2: References ............................................................................................... 2-1 ATTACHMENT 3: Organization for Emergency Management ............................................ 3-1 ATTACHMENT 4: Emergency Management Functional Responsibilities ......................... .4-1 ATTACHMENT 5: Annex Assignments ................................................................................ 5-1 ATTACHMENT 6: Summary of Agreements & Contracts ................................................... 6-1 ATTACHMENT 7: National Incident Management System Summary ................................ 7-1 ANNEXES (distributed under separate cover) Annex A -Warning ................................................................................................................ A-1 Annex B -Communications ................................................................................................... B-1 Annex C -Shelter & Mass Care ............................................................................................ C-1 Annex D-Radiological Protection ......................................................................................... D-1 Annex E -Evacuation ............................................................................................................ E-1 Annex F -Firefighting ............................................................................................................ F-1 Annex G -Law Enforcement ................................................................................................. G-1 Annex H -Health & Medical Services .................................................................................... H-1 Annex I -Public Information ................................................................................................. 1-1 Annex J -Recovery ............................................................................................................... J-1 Annex K-Public Works & Engineering ................................................................................. K-1 Annex L-Energy & Utilities ................................................................................................... L-1 Annex M -Resource Management.. ...................................................................................... M-1 Annex N -Direction & Control ............................................................................................... N-1 Annex 0-Human Services ................................................................................................... 0-1 Annex P -Hazard Mitigation .................................................................................................. P-1 Annex Q -Hazardous Materials & Oil Spill Response ........................................................... Q-1 Annex R -Search & Rescue .................................................................................................. R-1 Annex S -Transportation ...................................................................................................... S-1 Annex T -Donations Management.. ...................................................................................... T-1 Annex U -Legal .................................................................................................................... U-1 Annex V-Terrorist Incident Response .................................................................................. V-1 Ver 2.0 05/05 BP-iv BASIC PLAN I. AUTHORITY A. Federal 1. Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief & Emergency Assistance Act, (as amended), 42 U.S.C. 5121 2. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, 42 USC Chapter 116 3. Emergency Management and Assistance, 44 CFR 4. Hazardous Waste Operations & Emergency Response, 29 CFR 1910.120 5. Homeland Security Act of 2002 6. Homeland Security Presidential Directive. HSPD-5, Management of Domestic Incidents 7. Homeland Security Presidential Directive, HSPD-3, Homeland Security Advisory System 8. National Incident Management System 9. National Response Plan 10. National Strategy for Homeland Security, July 2002 11. Nuclear/Radiological Incident Annex of the National Response Plan 12. Presidential Policy Directive 8: National Preparedness B. State 1. Government Code, Chapter 418 (Emergency Management) 2. Government Code, Chapter 421 (Homeland Security) 3. Government Code, Chapter 433 (State of Emergency) 4. Government Code, Chapter 791 (Inter-local Cooperation Contracts) 5. Health & Safety Code, Chapter 778 (Emergency Management Assistance Compact) 6. Executive Order of the Governor Relating to Emergency Management 7. Executive Order of the Governor Relating to the National Incident Management System 8. Administrative Code, Title 37, Part 1, Chapter 7 (Division of Emergency Management) 9. The Texas Homeland Security Strategic Plan, Parts I and II, December 15, 2003 10. The Texas Homeland Security Strategic Plan, Part Ill, February 2004 C. Local 1. College Station City Ordinance# 3180, dated May 18, 2009. 2. Bryan City Ordinance# 621, dated August 11, 1986. 3. Wixon Valley City Ordinance# 108, dated August 7, 1987. 4. Kurten City Ordinance #11, dated March 27, 2003 5. Brazos County Commissioner's Court Order dated October 8, 1984. 6. lnterjurisdictional Joint Resolution# 9-25-97-6-b among the County of Brazos and the Cities of College Station, Bryan, Kurten and Wixon Valley dated August 15, 1997; and September 16, 2003. 7. Inter-local Agreements & Contracts. See the summary in Attachment 6. Ver 2.0 05105 BP-1 II. PURPOSE This Basic Plan outlines our approach to emergency operations, and is applicable to the County and Cities. It provides general guidance for emergency management activities and an overview of our methods of mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. The plan describes our emergency response organization and assigns responsibilities for various emergency tasks. This plan is intended to provide a framework for more specific functional annexes that describe in more detail who does what, when, and how. This plan applies to all local officials, departments, and agencies. The primary audience for the document includes our chief elected official(s), other elected officials and university administrators, the emergency management staff, department and agency heads and their senior staff members, leaders of local volunteer organizations that support emergency operations, and others who may participate in our mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery efforts. A. Acronyms AAR ARC CFR DOC DHS EMC EOC FBI FEMA Hazmat HSPD-5 ICP ICS IP JFO JIC JIS NIMS NRP OSHA PIO SO Gs SOPs soc TSA VOADs Ver2.0 05/05 Ill. EXPLANATION OF TERMS After Action Report American Red Cross Code of Federal Regulations Disaster District Committee Department of Homeland Security Emergency Management Coordinator Emergency Operations or Operating Center Federal Bureau of Investigation Federal Emergency Management Agency, an element of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Hazardous Material Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5 Incident Command Post Incident Command System Improvement Plan Joint Field Office Joint Information Center Joint Information System National Incident Management System National Response Plan Occupational Safety & Health Administration Public Information Officer Standard Operating Guidelines Standard Operating Procedures State Operations Center The Salvation Army Volunteer Organizations Active in Disasters BP-2 B. Definitions 1. Area Command (Unified Area Command). An organization established (1) to oversee the management of multiple incidents that are each being managed by an ICS organization or (2) to oversee the management of large or multiple incidents to which several Incident Management Teams have been assigned. Sets overall strategy and priorities, allocates critical resources according to priorities, ensures that incidents are properly managed, and ensures that objectives are met and strategies followed. Area Command becomes Unified Area Command when incidents are multijurisdictional. 2. Disaster District. Disaster Districts are regional state emergency management organizations mandated by the Executive Order of the Governor relating to Emergency Management whose boundaries parallel those of Highway Patrol Districts and Sub- Districts of the Texas Department of Public Safety. 3. Disaster District Committee. The DOC consists of a Chairperson (the local Highway Patrol captain or command lieutenant), and agency representatives that mirror the membership of the State Emergency Management Council. The DOC Chairperson, supported by committee members, is responsible for identifying, coordinating the use of, committing, and directing state resources within the district to respond to emergencies. 4. Emergency Operations Center. Specially equipped facilities from which government officials exercise direction and control and coordinate necessary resources in an emergency situation. 5. Public Information. Information that is disseminated to the public via the news media before, during, and/or after an emergency or disaster ensuring the needs of the whole community are addressed. 6. Emergency Situations. As used in this plan, this term is intended to describe a range of occurrences, from a minor incident to a catastrophic disaster. It includes the following: Ver 2.0 05105 a. Incident. An incident is a situation that is limited in scope and potential effects. Characteristics of an incident include: 1) Involves a limited area and/or limited population. 2) Evacuation or in-place sheltering is typically limited to the immediate area of the incident. 3) Warning and public instructions are provided in the immediate area, not community-wide. 4) One or two local response agencies or departments acting under an incident commander normally handle incidents. Requests for resource support are normally handled through agency and/or departmental channels. 5) May require limited external assistance from other local response agencies or contractors. 6) For the purposes of the NRF, incidents include the full range of occurrences that require an emergency response to protect life or property. BP-3 b. Emergency. An emergency is a situation that is larger in scope and more severe in terms of actual or potential effects than an incident. Characteristics include: 1) Involves a large area, significant population, or important facilities. 2) May require implementation of large-scale evacuation or in-place sheltering and implementation of temporary shelter and mass care operations. 3) May require community-wide warning and public instructions. 4) Requires a sizable multi-agency response operating under an incident commander. 5) May require some external assistance from other local response agencies, contractors, and limited assistance from state or federal agencies. 6) The EOC will be activated to provide general guidance and direction, coordinate external support, and provide resource support for the incident. 7) For the purposes of the NRF, an emergency (as defined by the Stafford Act) is "any occasion or instance for which, in the determination of the President, Federal assistance is needed to supplement State and local efforts and capabilities to save lives and to protect property and public health and safety, or to lessen or avert the threat of catastrophe in any part of the United States." c. Disaster. A disaster involves the occurrence or threat of significant casualties and/or widespread property damage that is beyond the capability of the local government to handle with its organic resources. Characteristics include: 1) Involves a large area, a sizable population, and/or important facilities. 2) May require implementation of large-scale evacuation or in-place sheltering and implementation of temporary shelter and mass care operations. 3) Requires community-wide warning and public instructions. 4) Requires a response by all local response agencies operating under one or more incident commanders. 5) Requires significant external assistance from other local response agencies, contractors, and extensive state or federal assistance. 6) The EOC will be activated to provide general guidance and direction, provide emergency information to the public, coordinate state and federal support, and coordinate resource support for emergency operations. 7) For the purposes of the NRF, a major disaster (as defined by the Stafford Act) is any catastrophe, regardless of the cause, which in the determination of the President causes damage of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant major disaster federal assistance. d. Catastrophic Incident. For the purposes of the NRF, this term is used to describe any natural or manmade occurrence that results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties, property damage, or disruptions that severely affect the population, infrastructure, environment, economy, national morale, and/or government functions. An occurrence of this magnitude would result in sustained national impacts over prolonged periods of time and would immediately overwhelm local and state capabilities. All catastrophic incidents are Incidents of National Significance. 7. Hazard Analysis. A document published separately from this plan that identifies the local hazards that have caused or possess the potential to adversely affect public health and safety, public or private property, or the environment. Ver 2.0 05/05 BP-4 8. Hazardous Material (Hazmat). A substance in a quantity or form posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and/or property when manufactured, stored, or transported. The substance, by its nature, containment, and reactivity, has the capability for inflicting harm during an accidental occurrence. Is toxic, corrosive, flammable, reactive, an irritant, or a strong sensitizer, and poses a threat to health and the environment when improperly managed (Includes toxic substances, certain infectious agents, radiological materials, and other related materials such as oil, used oil, petroleum products, and industrial solid waste substances). 9. Incident of National Significance. An actual or potential high-impact event that requires a coordinated and effective response by and appropriate combination of federal, state, local, tribal, nongovernmental, and/or private sector entities in order to save lives and minimize damage and provide the basis for long-term communication recovery and mitigation activities. 10. Inter-local agreements. Arrangements between governments and/or organizations, either public or private, for reciprocal aid and assistance during emergency situations where the resources of a single jurisdiction or organization are insufficient or inappropriate for the tasks that must be performed to control the situation. Commonly referred to as mutual aid agreements. 11. Stafford Act. The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act authorizes federal agencies to undertake special measures designed to assist the efforts of states in expediting the rendering of aid, assistance, emergency services, and reconstruction and rehabilitation of areas devastated by disaster. 12. Standard Operating Guidelines. Approved methods for accomplishing a task or set of tasks. SOGs are typically prepared at the department or agency level. IV. SITUATION AND ASSUMPTIONS A. Situation Brazos County is exposed to many hazards, all of which have the potential for disrupting the community, causing casualties, and damaging or destroying public or private property. A summary of our major hazards is provided in Figure 1. More detailed information is provided in our Hazard Analysis, published separately. Ver 2.0 05/05 BP-5 Figure 1 HAZARD SUMMARY Likelihood of Estimated Impact on Estimated Impact Occurrence* Public Health & Safetv on Prooertv Hazard Type: (See below) Limited Moderate Major Limited Moderate Mai or Natural Drouoht LIKELY LIMITED LIMITED Earthquake UNLIKELY LIMITED LIMITED Flash Floodino LIKELY MODERATE MODERATE Floodino (river) LIKELY MODERATE MODERATE Hurricane UNLIKELY LIMITED LIMITED Subsidence UNLIKELY LIMITED LIMITED Tornado UNLIKELY MAJOR MAJOR Wildfire LIKELY MODERATE MODERATE Winter Storm UNLIKELY MODERATE LIMITED Infectious Disease UNLIKELY MODERATE MODERATE Technoloaical Dam Failure UNLIKELY MODERATE MODERATE Enerqy/FuelShortaoe OCCASIONAL MODERATE LIMITED Hazmat/Oil Spill (fixed site) OCCASIONAL MODERATE MODERATE Hazmat/Oil Spill (transport) LIKELY MODERATE MODERATE Major Structural Fire HIGHLY LIKELY MODERATE MAJOR Nuclear Facility Incident UNLIKELY MODERATE MODERATE Water System Failure OCCASIONAL MODERATE MODERATE Electrical System Failure LIKELY MODERATE MODERATE Aircraft Incident UNLIKELY LIMITED LIMITED Security Civil Disorder UNLIKELY MODERATE MODERATE Enemy Military Attack UNLIKELY MAJOR MAJOR Terrorism UNLIKELY MAJOR MAJOR Active Shooter UNLIKELY MAJOR MODERATE *Likelihood of Occurrence: Unlikely, Occasional, Likely, or Highly Likely 8. Assumptions 1. Brazos County will continue to be exposed to and subject to the impact of the hazards described above and as well as lesser hazards and others that may develop in the future. 2. It is possible for a major disaster to occur at any time and at any place. In many cases, dissemination of warning to the public and implementation of increased readiness measures may be possible. However, some emergency situations occur with little or no warning. 3. Outside assistance will be available in most emergency situations, affecting our county. Ver 2.0 05105 Since it takes time to summon external assistance, it is essential for us to be prepared to carry out the initial emergency response on an independent basis. BP-6 4. Proper mitigation actions, such as floodplain management and fire inspections and building inspections, can prevent or reduce disaster-related losses. Detailed emergency planning, training of emergency responders and other personnel, and conducting periodic emergency drills and exercises can improve our readiness to deal with emergency situations. V. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. Objectives The objectives of our emergency management program are to protect public health and safety and preserve public and private property. B. General 1. It is our responsibility to protect public health and safety and preserve property from the effects of hazardous events. We have the primary role in identifying and mitigating hazards, preparing for and responding to, and managing the recovery from emergency situations that affect our community. 2. It is impossible for government to do everything that is required to protect the lives and property of our population. Our citizens have the responsibility to prepare themselves and their families to cope with emergency situations and manage their affairs and property in ways that will aid the government in managing emergencies. We will assist our citizens in carrying out these responsibilities by providing public information and instructions prior to and during emergency situations. 3. Local government is responsible for organizing, training, and equipping local emergency responders and emergency management personnel, providing appropriate emergency facilities, providing suitable warning and communications systems, and for contracting for emergency services. The state and federal governments offer programs that provide some assistance with portions of these responsibilities. 4. To achieve our objectives, we have organized an emergency management program that is both integrated (employs the resources of government, organized volunteer groups, and businesses) and comprehensive (addresses mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery). This plan is one element of our preparedness activities. 5. This plan is based on an all-hazard approach to emergency planning. It addresses general functions that may need to be performed during· any emergency situation and is not a collection of plans for specific types of incidents. For example, Annex A (Warning) addresses techniques that can be used to warn the public during any emergency situation, whatever the cause. 6. Departments and agencies tasked in this plan are expected to develop and keep current standard operating procedures that describe how emergency tasks will be performed. Departments and agencies are charged with ensuring the training and equipment necessary for an appropriate response are in place. Ver 2.0 05/05 BP-7 7. This plan is based upon the concept that the emergency functions that must be performed by many departments or agencies generally parallel some of their normal day-to-day functions. To the extent possible, the same personnel and material resources used for day-to-day activities will be employed during emergency situations. Because personnel and equipment resources are limited, some routine functions that do not contribute directly to the emergency may be suspended for the duration of an emergency. The personnel, equipment, and supplies that would normally be required for those functions will be redirected to accomplish emergency tasks. 8. We have adopted the National Incident Management System (NIMS) in accordance with the President's Homeland Security Directive (HSPD)-5. Our adoption of NIMS will provide a consistent approach to the effective management of situations involving natural or man-made disasters, or terrorism. NIMS allows us to integrate our response activities using a set of standardized organizational structures designed to improve interoperability between all levels of government, private sector, and nongovernmental organizations. 9. This plan, in accordance with the National Response Framework (NRF), is an integral part of the national effort to prevent, and reduce America's vulnerability to terrorism, major disasters, and other emergencies, minimize the damage and recover from attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies that occur. In the event of an Incident of National Significance, as defined in HSPD-5, we will integrate all operations with all levels of government, private sector, and nongovernmental organizations through the use of NRF coordinating structures, processes, and protocols. C. Operational Guidance We will employ the six components of the NIMS in all operations, which will provide a standardized framework that facilitates our operations in all phases of emergency management. Attachment 7 provides further details of the NIMS. 1. Initial Response. Our emergency responders are likely to be the first on the scene of an emergency situation. They will normally take charge and remain in charge of the incident until it is resolved or others who have legal authority to do so assume responsibility. They will seek guidance and direction from our local officials and seek technical assistance from state and federal agencies and industry where appropriate. 2. Implementation of ICS Ver 2.0 05/05 a. The first local emergency responder to arrive at the scene of an emergency situation will implement the incident command system and serve as the incident commander until relieved by a more senior or more qualified individual. The incident commander will establish an incident command post (ICP) and provide an assessment of the situation to local officials, identify response resources required, and direct the on- scene response from the ICP. BP-8 b. For some types of emergency situations, a specific incident scene may not exist in the initial response phase and the EOC may accomplish initial response actions, such as mobilizing personnel and equipment and issuing precautionary warning to the public. As the potential threat becomes more clearly and a specific impact site (or sites) identified, an incident command post may be established, and direction and control of the response transitioned to the Incident Commander. 3. Source and Use of Resources. a. We will use our own resources, all of which meet the requirements for resource management in accordance with the NIMS, to respond to emergency situations, purchasing supplies and equipment if necessary, and request assistance if our resources are insufficient or inappropriate. §418.102 of the Government Code provides that the county should be the first channel through which a municipality requests assistance when its resources are exceeded. If additional resources are required, we will: 1) Summon those resources available to us pursuant to inter-local agreements. See Attachment 6 to this plan 2) Summon emergency service resources that we have contracted for. See Attachment 6. 3) Request assistance from volunteer organizations active in disasters. 4) Request assistance from industry or individuals who have resources needed to deal with the emergency situation. b. When external agencies respond to an emergency situation within our jurisdiction, we expect them to conform to the guidance and direction provided by our incident commander, which will be in accordance with the NIMS. D. Incident Command System (ICS) 1. We intend to employ ICS, an integral part of the NIMS, in managing emergencies. ICS is both a strategy and a set of organizational arrangements for directing and controlling field operations. It is designed to effectively integrate resources from different agencies into a temporary emergency organization at an incident site that can expand and contract with the magnitude of the incident and resources on hand. A summary of ICS is provided in Attachment 7. 2. The incident commander is responsible for carrying out the ICS function of command -- managing the incident. The four other major management activities that form the basis of ICS are operations, planning, logistics, and finance/administration. For small-scale incidents, the incident commander and one or two individuals may perform all of these functions. For larger incidents, a number of individuals from different departments or agencies may be assigned to separate staff sections charged with those functions. 3. An incident commander using response resources from one or two departments or agencies can handle the majority of emergency situations. Departments or agencies participating in this type of incident response will normally obtain support through their own department or agency. Ver 2.0 05/05 BP-9 4. In emergency situations where other jurisdictions or the state or federal government are providing significant response resources or technical assistance, it is generally desirable to transition from the normal ICS structure to a Unified or Area Command structure. This arrangement helps to ensure that all participating agencies are involved in developing objectives and strategies to deal with the emergency. Attachment 7 provides additional information on Unified and Area Commands. E. ICS -EOC Interface 1. For major emergencies and disasters, the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) will be activated. When the EOC is activated, it is essential to establish a division of responsibilities between the incident command post and the EOC. A general division of responsibilities is outlined below. It is essential that a precise division of responsibilities be determined for specific emergency operations. 2. The incident commander is generally responsible for field operations, including: a. Isolating the scene. b. Directing and controlling the on-scene response to the emergency situation and managing the emergency resources committed there. c. Warning the population in the area of the incident and providing emergency instructions/information to them. d. Determining and implementing protective measures (evacuation or shelter-in-place) for the population in the immediate area of the incident and for emergency responders at the scene. e. Implementing traffic control arrangements in and around the incident scene. f. Requesting additional resources from the EOC. 3. The EOC is generally responsible for: a. Providing resource support for the incident command operations. b. Issuing community-wide warning. c. Issuing instructions and providing information to the general public. d. Organizing and implementing large-scale evacuation. e. Organizing and implementing shelter and mass care arrangements for evacuees. f. Coordinating traffic control for large-scale evacuations. g. Requesting assistance from the State and other external sources. 4. In some large-scale emergencies or disasters, emergency operations with different objectives may be conducted at geographically separated scenes. In such situations, more than one incident command operation may be established. If this situation occurs, a transition to an Area Command or a Unified Area Command is desirable, and the allocation of resources to specific field operations will be coordinated through the EOC. Ver 2.0 05105 BP-10 F. State, Federal & Other Assistance 1. State & Federal Assistance a. If local resources are inadequate to deal with an emergency situation, we will request assistance from the State. State assistance furnished to local governments is intended to supplement local resources and not substitute for such resources, including mutual aid resources, equipment purchases or leases, or resources covered by emergency service contracts. As noted previously, cities must request assistance from their county before requesting state assistance. b. Requests for state assistance should be made to the Disaster District Committee (DOC) Chairperson, who is located at the Department of Public Safety District Office in Bryan, TX. See Appendix 3 to Annex M (Resource Management) for a form that can be used to request state assistance. In essence, state emergency assistance to local governments begins at the DOC level and the key person to validate a request for, obtain, and provide that state assistance and support is the DOC Chairperson. A request for state assistance must be made by the chief elected official (the County Judge/Mayor(s)) or designee and may be made via Star Ill board in WEBEOC, electronically (email), telephone or fax. The DOC Chairperson has the authority to utilize all state resources within the district to respond to a request for assistance, with the exception of the National Guard. Use of National Guard resources requires approval of the Governor. c. The Disaster District staff will forward requests for assistance that cannot be satisfied by state resources within the District to the State Operations Center (SOC) in Austin for action. 2. Other Assistance Ver 2.0 05/05 a. If resources required to control an emergency situation are not available within the State, the Governor may request assistance from other states pursuant to a number of interstate compacts or from the federal government through the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). b. For major emergencies and disasters for which a Presidential declaration has been issued, federal agencies may be mobilized to provide assistance to states and local governments. The National Response Framework (NRF) describes the policies, planning assumptions, concept of operations, and responsibilities of designated federal agencies for various response and recovery functions. The Nuclear/Radiological Incident Annex of the NRF addresses the federal response to major incidents involving radioactive materials. c. FEMA has the primary responsibility for coordinating federal disaster assistance. No direct federal disaster assistance is authorized prior to a Presidential emergency or disaster declaration, but FEMA has limited authority to stage initial response resources near the disaster site and activate command and control structures prior to a declaration and the Department of Defense has the authority to commit its resources to save lives prior to an emergency or disaster declaration. BP-11 d. See Annex J (Recovery) for additional information on the assistance that may be available during disaster recovery. e. The NRP applies to Stafford and non-Stafford Act incidents and is designed to accommodate not only actual incidents, but also the threat of incidents. Therefore, NRP implementation is possible under a greater range of incidents. G. Emergency Authorities 1. Key federal, state, and local legal authorities pertaining to emergency management are listed in Section I of this plan. 2. Texas statutes and the Executive Order of the Governor Relating to Emergency Management provide local government, principally the chief elected official, with a number of powers to control emergency situations. If necessary, we shall use these powers during emergency situations. These powers include: Ver 2.0 05/05 a. Emergency Declaration. In the event of riot or civil disorder, the County Judge and/or Mayor(s) may request the Governor to issue an emergency declaration for this jurisdiction and take action to control the situation. Use of the emergency declaration is explained in Annex U (Legal). b. Disaster Declaration. When an emergency situation has caused severe damage, injury, or loss of life or it appears likely to do so, the County Judge and/or Mayor(s) may by executive order or proclamation declare a local state of disaster. The County Judge and/or Mayor(s) may subsequently issue orders or proclamations referencing that declaration to invoke certain emergency powers granted the Governor in the Texas Disaster Act on an appropriate local scale in order to cope with the disaster. These powers include: 1) Suspending procedural laws and rules to facilitate a timely response. 2) Using all available resources of government and commandeering private property, subject to compensation, to cope with the disaster. 3) Restricting the movement of people and occupancy of premises. 4) Prohibiting the sale or transportation of certain substances. 5) Implementing price controls. A local disaster declaration activates the recovery and rehabilitation aspects of this plan. A local disaster declaration is required to obtain state and federal disaster recovery assistance. See Annex U (Legal) for further information on disaster declarations and procedures for invoking emergency powers. c. Authority for Evacuations. State law provides a County Judge or Mayor with the authority to order the evacuation of all or part of the population from a stricken or threatened area within their respective jurisdictions. BP-12 H. Actions by Phases of Emergency Management 1. This plan addresses emergency actions that are conducted during all four phases of emergency management. Ver 2.0 05/05 a. Mitigation We will conduct mitigation activities as an integral part of our emergency management program. Mitigation is intended to eliminate hazards, reduce the probability of hazards causing an emergency situation, or lessen the consequences of unavoidable hazards. Mitigation should be a pre-disaster activity, although mitigation may also occur in the aftermath of an emergency situation with the intent of avoiding repetition of the situation. Our mitigation program is outlined in Annex P (Mitigation). b. Preparedness We will conduct preparedness activities to develop the response capabilities needed in the event an emergency. Among the preparedness activities included in our emergency management program are: 1) Providing emergency equipment and facilities. 2) Emergency planning, including maintaining this plan, its annexes, and appropriate SOGs. 3) Conducting or arranging appropriate training for emergency responders, emergency management personnel, other local officials, and volunteer groups who assist us during emergencies. 4) Conducting periodic drills and exercises to test our plans and training. c. Response We will respond to emergency situations effectively and efficiently. The focus of most of this plan and its annexes is on planning for the response to emergencies. Response operations are intended to resolve an emergency situation while minimizing casualties and property damage. Response activities include warning, emergency medical services, firefighting, law enforcement operations, evacuation, shelter and mass care, emergency public information, search and rescue, as well as other associated functions. d. Recovery If a disaster occurs, we will carry out a recovery program that involves both short- term and long-term efforts. Short-term operations seek to restore vital services to the community and provide for the basic needs of the public. Long-term recovery focuses on restoring the community to its normal state. The federal government, pursuant to the Stafford Act, provides the vast majority of disaster recovery assistance. The recovery process includes assistance to individuals, businesses, and to government and other public institutions. BP-13 Examples of recovery programs include temporary housing, restoration of government services, debris removal, restoration of utilities, disaster mental health services, and reconstruction of damaged roads and bridges. Our recovery program is outlined in Annex J (Recovery). VI. ORGANIZATION AND ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES A. Organization 1. General Most departments and agencies of local government have emergency functions in addition to their normal day-to-day duties. During emergency situations, our normal organizational arrangements are modified to facilitate emergency operations. Our governmental organization for emergencies includes an executive group, emergency services group, and a support services group. Attachment 3 depicts our emergency organization. 2. Executive Group The Executive Group provides guidance and direction for emergency management programs and for emergency response and recovery operations. The Executive Group includes the County Judge, Mayor(s), City Manager(s), University Executive(s), and Emergency Management Coordinator(s). 3. Emergency Services Emergency Services include the Incident Commander and those departments, agencies, and groups with primary emergency response actions. The incident commander is the person in charge at an incident site. 4. Emergency Support Services This group includes departments and agencies that support and sustain emergency responders and also coordinate emergency assistance provided by organized volunteer organizations, business and industry, and other sources. 5. Volunteer and Other Services Ver 2.0 05/05 This group includes organized volunteer groups and businesses that have agreed to provide certain support for emergency operations. BP-14 B. Assignment of Responsibilities 1. General For most emergency functions, successful operations require a coordinated effort from a number of departments, agencies, and groups. To facilitate a coordinated effort, elected and appointed officials, departments and agency heads, and other personnel are assigned primary responsibility for planning and coordinating specific emergency functions. Generally, primary responsibility for an emergency function will be assigned to an individual from the department or agency that has legal responsibility for that function or possesses the most appropriate knowledge and skills. Other officials, departments, and agencies may be assigned support responsibilities for specific emergency functions. Attachment 4 summarizes the general emergency responsibilities of local officials, department and agency heads, and other personnel. 2. The individual having primary responsibility for an emergency function is normally responsible for coordinating preparation of and maintaining that portion of the emergency plan that addresses that function. Plan and annex assignments are outlined in Attachment 5. Listed below are general responsibilities assigned to the Executive Group, Emergency Services, Support Services, and other Support Agencies. Additional specific responsibilities can be found in the functional annexes to this Basic Plan. 3. Executive Group Responsibilities Ver 2.0 05105 a. The County Judge and/or Mayor(s) and/or University Executives will: 1) Establish objectives and priorities for the emergency management program and provide general policy guidance on the conduct of that program. 2) Monitor the emergency response during disaster situations and provides direction where appropriate. 3) With the assistance of the Public Information Officer (PIO) and the Joint Information Center (JIC), keep the public informed during emergency situations. 4) With the assistance of the legal staff, declare a local state of disaster, request the Governor declare a state of emergency, or invoke the emergency powers of government when necessary (except University Executives). 5) Request assistance from other local governments or the State when necessary 6) Direct activation of the EOC. b. The County Judge, Mayor(s), City Manager(s), University Assistant VP for Safety and Security and EMC(s) will: 1) Implement the policies and decisions of the governing body relating to emergency management. 2) Organize the emergency management program and identifies personnel, equipment, and facility needs. 3) Assign emergency management program tasks to departments and agencies. 4) Ensure that departments and agencies participate in emergency planning, training, and exercise activities. BP-15 5) Coordinate the operational response of local emergency services. 6) Coordinate activation of the EOG and supervise its operation. c. The Emergency Management Coordinator(s) will: 1) Serve as the staff advisor to our County Judge, Mayor(s), and City Manager(s) on emergency management matters. 2) Keep the County Judge, Mayor(s), and City Manager(s), as well as our governing body apprised of our preparedness status and emergency management needs. 3) Coordinate local planning and preparedness activities and the maintenance of this plan. 4) Prepare and maintain a resource inventory. 5) Arrange appropriate training for local emergency management personnel and emergency responders. 6) Coordinate periodic emergency exercises to test our plan and training. 7) Manage the EOG, develop procedures for its operation, and conduct training for those who staff it. 8) Activate the EOG when required. 9) Perform day-to-day liaison with the state emergency management staff and other local emergency management personnel. 10) Coordinate with organized volunteer groups and businesses regarding emergency operations. 4. Common Responsibilities. All emergency services and support services will: a. Provide personnel, equipment, and supplies to support emergency operations upon request. b. Develop and maintain SOGs for emergency tasks. c. Provide trained personnel to staff the incident command post and EOG and conduct emergency operations. d. Provide current information on emergency resources for inclusion in the Resource List in Appendix 1 to Annex M (Resource Management). e. Report information regarding emergency situations and damage to facilities and equipment to the Incident Commander or the EOG. 5. Emergency Services Responsibilities. Ver 2.0 05/05 a. The Incident Commander will: 1) Manage emergency response resources and operations at the incident site command post to resolve the emergency situation. 2) Determine and implement required protective actions for response personnel and the public at an incident site. BP-16 Ver 2.0 05105 b. Warning. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Police Chief(s) and/or County Sheriff who, with assistance from the EMC{s), will prepare and maintain Annex A (Warning) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Receive information on emergency situations. b) Alert key local officials of emergency situations. c) Disseminate warning information and instructions to the public through available warning systems ensuring the needs of the whole community are addressed. d) Disseminate warning and instructions to special facilities such as schools and hospitals. c. Communications. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Police Chief(s) and/or County Sheriff who, with assistance from the EMCs, will prepare and maintain Annex B (Communications) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Identify the communications systems available within the local area and determine the connectivity of those systems, and ensure their interoperability. b) Develop plans and procedures for coordinated use of the various communications systems available in this jurisdiction during emergencies. c) Determine and implement means of augmenting communications during emergencies, including support by volunteer organizations. d. Radiological Protection. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Fire Chief(s} who, with assistance from the EMCs, will prepare and maintain Annex D (Radiological Protection) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Maintain inventory of radiological equipment. b) Ensure response forces include personnel with current training in radiological monitoring and decontamination. c) Respond to radiological incidents and terrorist incidents involving radiological materials. d) Make notification concerning radiological incidents to state and federal authorities. BP-17 Ver 2.0 05/05 e. Evacuation. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Police Chief(s) and/or Sheriff who, with assistance from the EMCs, will prepare and maintain Annex E (Evacuation) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Identify areas where an evacuation has occurred, or may in the future, and determine of population at risk. b) Perform evacuation planning for known risk areas to include route selection and determination of traffic control requirements. c) Develop simplified planning procedures for ad hoc evacuations. d) Determine emergency public information requirements. e) Perform evacuation planning for special needs facilities (schools, hospitals, nursing homes, and other institutions) and/or review plans prepared by the facility as requested. f. Firefighting. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Fire Chief(s) who, with assistance from the EMCs, will prepare and maintain Annex F (Firefighting) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Fire prevention activities. b) Fire detection and control. c) Hazardous material and oil spill response. d) Terrorist incident response. e) Evacuation support. f) Post-incident reconnaissance and damage assessment. g) Fire safety inspection of temporary shelters. h) Prepare and maintain fire resource inventory. g. Law Enforcement. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Police Chief(s) and/or Sheriff who, with assistance from the EMCs, will prepare and maintain Annex G (Law Enforcement) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Maintenance of law and order. b) Traffic control. c) Terrorist incident response. d) Provision of security for vital facilities, evacuated areas, and shelters. e) Access control for damaged or contaminated areas. f) Warning support. BP-18 Ver 2.0 05105 g) Post-incident reconnaissance and damage assessment. h) Prepare and maintain law enforcement resource inventory. h. Health and Medical Services. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Public Health Office, who with assistance from the EMCs, will prepare and maintain Annex H (Health & Medical Services) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Coordinate health and medical care and EMS support during emergency situations. b) Public health information and education. c) Inspection of food and water supplies. d) Develop emergency public health regulations and orders. e) Coordinate collection, identification, and interment of deceased victims. i. Direction and Control. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the County Judge and/or Mayor(s) and/or designated University Executives and EMCs who will prepare and maintain Annex N (Direction & Control) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Direct and control our local operating forces. b) Maintain coordination with neighboring jurisdictions and the Disaster District in Bryan, Texas. c) Maintain the EOC in an operating mode or be able to convert the designated facility space into an operable EOC rapidly. d) Assign representatives, by title, to report to the EOC and develops procedures for crisis training. e) Develop and identify the duties of the staff, use of displays and message forms, and procedures for EOC activation. f) Coordinate the evacuation of areas at risk. j. Hazardous Materials & Oil Spill. 1) The primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Fire Chief(s) who, with assistance from the EMCs will prepare and maintain Annex Q (Hazardous Material & Oil Spill Response) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) In accordance with OSHA regulations, establish ICS to manage the response to hazardous materials incidents. b) Establish the hazmat incident functional areas (e.g., Hot Zone, Warm Zone, Cold Zone, etc.) BP-19 c) Determine and implement requirements for personal protective equipment for emergency responders. d) Initiate appropriate actions to control and eliminate the hazard in accordance with established hazmat response guidance and SOGs. e) Determine areas at risk and which public protective actions, if any, should be implemented. f) Apply appropriate firefighting techniques if the incident has, or may, result in a fire. g) Determines when affected areas may be safely reentered. k. Search & Rescue. 1) The primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Fire Chief(s) who, with assistance from the EMCs, will prepare and maintain Annex R (Search and Rescue) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Coordinate and conduct search and rescue activities. b) Identify requirements for specialized resources to support rescue operations. c) Coordinate external technical assistance and equipment support for search and rescue operations. I. Terrorist Incident Response. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Police Chief(s) and/or Sheriff who, with assistance from the EMCs, will prepare and maintain Annex V (Terrorist Incident Response) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Coordinate and carry out defensive anti-terrorist activities, including criminal intelligence, investigation, protection of facilities, and public awareness activities. b) Coordinate and carry out offensive counter-terrorist operations to neutralize terrorist activities. c) Carry out terrorism consequence operations conducted in the aftermath of a terrorist incident to save lives and protect public and private property. d) Ensure required notification of terrorist incidents is made to state and federal authorities. 6. Support Services Responsibilities. Ver 2.0 05105 a. Shelter and Mass Care. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the EMCs who will prepare and maintain Annex C (Shelter and Mass Care) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: BP-20 Ver 2.0 05/05 a) Perform emergency shelter and mass care planning. b) Coordinate and conduct shelter and mass care operations with our other departments, relief agencies, and volunteer groups. b. Public Information. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Chief Elected Officials and County, City and/or Texas A&M University Public Information Officers who, with assistance from the EMCs will prepare and maintain Annex I (Public Information) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Establish a Joint Information Center (JIC). b) Conduct on-going hazard awareness and public education programs. c) Pursuant to the Joint Information System (JIS), compile and release information and instructions for the public during emergency situations and respond to questions relating to emergency operations. d) Provide information to the media and the public during emergency situations. e) Arrange for media briefings. f) Compiles print and photo documentation of emergency situations. c. Recovery. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the EMCs and/or Finance Director(s) and Tax Assessor. The EMCs will prepare and maintain Annex J (Recovery) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Establish and train a damage assessment team using local personnel. Coordinate the efforts of that team with state and federal damage assessment personnel who may be dispatched to assist us. b) Assess and compile information on damage to public and private property and needs of disaster victims and formulate and carry out programs to fill those needs. c) If damages are beyond our capability to deal with, compile information for use by our elected officials in requesting state or federal disaster assistance. d) If we are determined to be eligible for state or federal disaster assistance, coordinate with state and federal agencies to carry out authorized recovery programs. d. Public Works & Engineering. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the County Engineer and/or City Public Works Director(s) who, with assistance from the EMC, will prepare and maintain Annex K (Public Works & Engineering) to this plan and supporting SOGs. BP-21 Ver 2.0 05105 e. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) Utilities. Protect government facilities and vital equipment where possible. Assess damage to streets, bridges, traffic control devices, and other public facilities. Direct temporary repair of vital facilities. Restore damaged roads and bridges. Restore waste treatment and disposal systems. Arrange for debris removal. General damage assessment support. Building inspection support. Provide specialized equipment to support emergency operations. Support traffic control and search and rescue operations. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the Public Utilities Director(s) who, with assistance from the EMCs, will prepare and maintain Annex L (Energy and Utilities) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Prioritize restoration of utility service to vital facilities and other facilities. b) Arrange for the provision of emergency power sources where required. c) Identify requirements for emergency drinking water and portable toilets to the department or agency responsible for mass care. d) Assess damage to, repair, and restore public utilities. e) Monitor recovery activities of privately owned utilities. f. Resource Management. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the EMCs, who will seek guidance and assistance as needed from Human Resources Directors, Finance Directors and Purchasing Officials. The EMCs will prepare and maintain Annex M (Resource Management) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Maintain an inventory of emergency resources. b) During emergency operations, locates supplies, equipment, and personnel to meet specific needs. c) Maintain a list of suppliers for supplies and equipment needed immediately in the aftermath of an emergency. d) Establish emergency purchasing procedures and coordinate emergency procurements. e) Establish and maintain a manpower reserve and coordinate assignment of reserve personnel to departments and agencies that require augmentation. f) Coordinate transportation, sorting, temporary storage, and distribution of resources during emergency situations. g) Establish staging areas for resources, if required. BP-22 Ver 2.0 05105 h) During emergency operations, identify to the Donations Management Coordinator those goods, services, and personnel that are needed. i) Maintain records of emergency-related expenditures for purchases and personnel. g. Human Services. 1) Primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the EMCs, who will seek guidance and assistance as needed from local volunteer groups and/or organized disaster relief agencies. EMCs will prepare and maintain Annex 0 (Human Services) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Identify emergency feeding sites. b) Identify sources of clothing for disaster victims. c) Secure emergency food supplies. d) Coordinate the operation of shelter facilities, whether operated by local government, local volunteer groups, or organized disaster relief agencies such as the American Red Cross. e) Coordinate special care requirements for disaster victims such as the aged, functional and access needs individuals, and others. f) Coordinate the provision of disaster mental health services to disaster victims, emergency workers, and/or others suffering trauma due to the emergency incident/disaster. h. Hazard Mitigation. 1) The primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the EMCs, who with assistance from the Hazard Mitigation Coordinator, will prepare and maintain Annex P (Hazard Mitigation) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Maintain the local Hazard Analysis. b) Identify beneficial pre-disaster hazard mitigation projects and seek approval from local officials to implement such projects. c) In the aftermath of an emergency, determine appropriate actions to mitigate the situation and coordinate implementation of those actions. d) Coordinate and carry out post-disaster hazard mitigation program. i. Transportation. 1) The primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the EMCs and Transportation Director(s)/Supervisor(s) who will prepare and maintain Annex S (Transportation) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: BP-23 a) Identifies local public and private transportation resources and coordinates their use in emergencies. b) Coordinates deployment of transportation equipment to support emergency operations. c) Establishes and maintains a reserve pool of drivers, maintenance personnel, parts, and tools. d) Maintains records on use of transportation equipment and personnel for purpose of possible reimbursement. j. Donations Management. 1) The primary responsibility for this function is assigned to The Salvation Army, who, with assistance from the EMC(s), will prepare and maintain Annex T (Donations Management) to this plan and supporting SOGs. The United Way of the Brazos Valley will be tasked with soliciting and managing financial donations. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Compile resource requirements identified by the Resource Management staff. b) Solicit donations to meet known needs. c) Establish and implement procedures to receive, accept or turn down offers of donated goods and services, and provide instructions to donors of needed goods or services. d) In coordination with the Resource Management staff, establish a facility to receive, sort, and distribute donated goods. k. Legal. 1) The primary responsibility for this function is assigned to the City Attorney and/or County Attorney and/or Texas A&M University System Office of General Council who, with assistance from the EMC(s), will prepare and maintain Annex U (Legal) to this plan and supporting SOGs. 2) Emergency tasks to be performed include: a) Advise local officials on emergency powers of local government and procedures for invoking those measures. b) Review and advise our officials on possible legal issues arising from disaster operations. c) Prepare and/or recommend legislation to implement the emergency powers that may be required during and emergency. d) Advise local officials and department heads on record-keeping requirements and other documentation necessary for the exercising of emergency powers. I. Department and agency heads not assigned a specific function in this plan will be prepared to make their resources available for emergency duty at the direction of their chief elected official(s). Ver 2.0 BP-24 05/05 7. Volunteer & Other Services. Ver 2.0 05/05 a. Volunteer Groups. The following are local volunteer agencies that can provide disaster relief services and traditionally have coordinated their efforts with our local government: 1) HEART OF TEXAS Chapter of the American Red Cross, office is located in Bryan and Waco, Texas. Provides shelter management, feeding at fixed facilities and through mobile units, first aid, replacement of eyeglasses and medications, provision of basic clothing, and limited financial assistance (if available) to those affected by emergency situations. The Red Cross also provides feeding for emergency workers. 2) The Salvation Army. Provides emergency assistance to include: mass and mobile feeding, temporary shelter, counseling, missing person services, medical assistance, and the warehousing and distribution of donated good including food clothing, and household items. Also provides referrals to government and private agencies for special services. 3) Southern Baptist Convention Disaster Relief. Provides mobile feeding units staffed by volunteers. Active in providing disaster childcare, the agency has several mobile childcare units. Can also assist with clean-up activities, temporary repairs, reconstruction, counseling, and bilingual services. 4) ARES/RACES. The Amateur Radio Emergency Service/Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service provides amateur radio support for emergency operations, including communications support in the EOC. b. Business Support. The following businesses have agreed to provide support for emergency operations as indicated: 1) Sanderson Farms, Inc. 2) HEB 3) Lowes 4) Home Depot 5) Walmart BP-25 VII. DIRECTION AND CONTROL A. General 1. The County Judge and/or Mayor(s) is responsible for establishing objectives and policies for emergency management and providing general guidance for disaster response and recovery operations, all in compliance with the NIMS. During disasters, the CEO(s) may carry out those responsibilities from the EOC. 2. The EMC(s) will provide overall direction of the response activities of all our departments. During major emergencies and disaster, he/she will normally carry out those responsibilities from the EOC. 3. The EMC(s) will manage the EOC. 4. The Incident Commander, assisted by a staff sufficient for the tasks to be performed, will manage the emergency response at an incident site. 5. During emergency operations, department heads retain administrative and policy control over their employees and equipment. However, personnel and equipment will carry out mission assignments directed by the incident commander. Each department and agency is responsible for having its own operating procedures to be followed during response operations, but interagency procedures, such as common communications protocol, may be adopted to facilitate a coordinated effort. 6. If our own resources are insufficient or inappropriate to deal with an emergency situation, we may request assistance from other jurisdictions, organized volunteer groups, or the State. The process for requesting State or federal assistance is covered in section V.F of this plan; see also the Request for Assistance form in Annex M, Appendix 3. External agencies are expected to conform to the general guidance and direction provided by our senior decision-makers. B. Emergency Facilities 1. Incident Command Post. Except when an emergency situation threatens, but has not yet occurred, and those situations for which there is no specific hazard impact site (such as a severe winter storm or area-wide utility outage), an incident command post or command posts will be established in the vicinity of the incident site(s). As noted previously, the incident commander will be responsible for directing the emergency response and managing the resources at the incident scene. 2. Emergency Operating Center (EOC). When major emergencies and disasters have occurred or appear imminent, we will activate our EOC, which is located in Bryan, TX near the Brazos County Courthouse. 3. The following individuals are authorized to activate the EOC: Ver 2.0 05/05 BP-26 a. County Judge and/or Mayor(s) b. City Manager(s) and/or the EMC(s) c. TAMU President, TAMU Emergency Management Director and/or TAMU EMC 4. The general responsibilities of the EOC are to: a. Assemble accurate information on the emergency situation and current resource data to allow local officials to make informed decisions on courses of action. b. Working with representatives of emergency services, determine and prioritize required response actions and coordinate their implementation. c. Provide resource support for emergency operations. d. Suspend or curtail government services, recommend the closure of schools and businesses, and cancellation of public events. e. Organize and activate large-scale evacuation and mass care operations. f. Provide emergency information to the public. 5. Representatives of those departments and agencies assigned emergency functions in this plan will staff the EOC. EOC operations are addressed in Annex N (Direction and Control). The interface between the EOC and the incident command post is described in paragraph V.E above. 6. Our alternate EOC is located at Kyle Field Command, 756 Houston Street, on the Texas A&M University Campus in College Station, TX. This facility will be used if our primary EOC becomes unusable. 7. We have a mobile command and control vehicle, operated by the City of Bryan Fire Department, which may be used as an incident command post. C. Line of Succession 1. The line of succession for the County Judge is: a. County Judge b. County Judge Pro-Tern c. County Commissioners (in order of their seniority on the Commissioners' Court) 2. The line of succession for the Mayor is: a. Mayor b. Mayor Pro-Tern c. City Council Members (in order of their seniority on the City Council) 3. The line of succession for the City Manager(s) is: Ver 2.0 05/05 a. City Manager BP-27 b. Deputy/Assistant City Manager c. Assistant City Manager (City of College Station); Public Works Director (City of Bryan) 4. The line of succession for the Texas A&M Vice-President for Finance and Administration is: a. Executive V.P. for Finance & Operations b. Associate V.P. for Safety & Security c. Texas A&M University Emergency Management Coordinator 5. The line of succession for the Emergency Management Coordinator is: a. Emergency Management Coordinator b. Deputy EMC or Assistant EMC c. EMC from our interjurisdictional partners; Fire Chief or Asst. Fire Chief (City of Bryan) 6. The lines of succession for each of our department and agency heads shall be in accordance with the SOGs established by those departments and agencies. VIII. READINESS LEVELS A. Many emergencies follow some recognizable build-up period during which actions can be taken to achieve a gradually increasing state of readiness. We use a four-tier system. Readiness Levels will be determined by the Mayors and/or County Judge or, for certain circumstances, the Emergency Management Coordinator. General actions to be taken at each readiness level are outlined in the annexes to this plan; more specific actions will be detailed in departmental or agency SOPs/SOGs. 8. The following Readiness Levels will be used as a means of increasing our alert posture. 1. Level 4: Normal Conditions a. Emergency incidents occur and local officials are notified. One or more departments or agencies respond to handle the incident; an incident command post may be established. Limited assistance may be requested from other jurisdictions pursuant to established inter-local agreements. b. The normal operations of government are not affected. 2. Level 3: Increased Readiness Ver 2.0 05105 a. Increased Readiness refers to a situation that presents a greater potential threat than "Level 4" but poses no immediate threat to life and/or property. Increased readiness actions may be appropriate when the situations like the following occur: 1) Tropical Weather Threat. A tropical weather system has developed that has the potential to impact the local area. Readiness actions may include regular situation monitoring, a review of plans and resource status, determining staff availability and placing personnel on-call. BP-28 2) Tornado Watch indicates possibility of tornado development. Readiness actions may include increased situation monitoring and placing selected staff on alert. 3) Flash Flood Watch indicates flash flooding is possible due to heavy rains occurring or expected to occur. Readiness actions may include increased situation-monitoring, reconnaissance of known trouble spots, deploying warning signs. 4) Wildfire Threat. During periods of extreme wildfire threat, readiness actions may include deploying additional resources to areas most at risk, arranging for standby commercial water tanker support, conducting daily aerial reconnaissance, or initiating burn bans. 5) Mass Gathering. For mass gatherings with or without previous history of problems, readiness actions may include reviewing security, traffic control, fire protection, and first aid planning with organizers and determining additional requirements. b. Declaration of "Level 3" will generally require the initiation of the "Increased Readiness" activities identified in each annex to this plan. 3. Level 2: High Readiness Ver 2.0 05105 a. High Readiness refers to a situation with a significant potential and probability of causing loss of life and/or property. This condition will normally require some degree of warning to the public. Actions could be triggered by severe weather warning information issued by the National Weather Service such as: 1) Tropical Weather Threat. A tropical weather system may impact the local area within 72 hours. Readiness actions may include continuous storm monitoring, identifying worst-case decision points, increasing preparedness of personnel and equipment, updating evacuation checklists, verifying evacuation route status, and providing the public information for techniques to protect homes and businesses on the evacuation routes. 2) Tornado Warning. Issued when a tornado has actually been sighted in the vicinity or indicated by radar and might strike in the local area. Readiness actions may include activating the EOC, continuous situation monitoring, and notifying the public about the warning. 3) Flash Flood Warning. Issued to alert persons that flash flooding is imminent or occurring on certain steams or designated areas, and immediate action should be taken. Readiness actions may include notifying the public about the warning, evacuating low-lying areas, opening emergency shelters to house evacuees, and continuous situation monitoring. 4) Winter Storm Warning. Issued when heavy snow, sleet, or freezing rain are forecast to occur separately or in a combination. Readiness actions may include BP-29 preparing for possible power outages, putting road crews on stand-by to clear and/or sand the roads, and continuous situation monitoring. 5) Mass Gathering. Civil disorder with relatively large-scale localized violence is imminent. Readiness actions may include increased law enforcement presence, putting hospitals and fire departments on alert, and continuous situation monitoring. b. Declaration of a "Level 2" will generally require the initiation of the "High Readiness" activities identified in each annex to this plan. 4. Level 1: Maximum Readiness Ver 2.0 05105 a. Maximum Readiness refers to situation that hazardous conditions are imminent. This condition denotes a greater sense of danger and urgency than associated with a "Level 2" event. Actions could also be generated by severe weather warning information issued by the National Weather Service combined with factors making the event more imminent. 1) Tropical Weather Threat. The evacuation decision period is nearing for an approaching tropical weather system that may impact the local area. Readiness actions may include continuous situation monitoring, full activation of the EOC, recommending precautionary actions for special facilities, pre-positioning emergency personnel and equipment for emergency operations, and preparing public transportation resources for evacuation support. 2) Tornado Warning. A tornado has been sighted close to a populated area or is moving toward a populated area. Readiness actions may include taking immediate shelter and putting damage assessment teams on stand-by. 3) Flash Flood Warning. Flooding is imminent or is occurring at specific locations. Readiness actions may include evacuations, putting rescue teams on alert, sheltering evacuees and/or others displaced by the flooding and continuous monitoring of the situation. 4) Mass Gathering. Civil disorder is about to erupt into large-scale and widespread violence. Readiness actions may include having all EMS units on stand-by, all law enforcement present for duty, notify the DOC that assistance may be needed and keep them apprised of the situation, and continuous situation monitoring is required. b. Declaration of "Level 1" will generally require the initiation of the "Maximum Readiness" activities identified in each annex to this plan. BP-30 IX. ADMINISTRATION AND SUPPORT A. Agreements and Contracts 1. Should our local resources prove to be inadequate during an emergency, requests will be made for assistance from other local jurisdictions, other agencies, and industry in accordance with existing mutual-aid agreements and contracts and those agreements and contracts entered into during the emergency. Such assistance may include equipment, supplies, or personnel. All agreements will be entered into by authorized officials and should be in writing whenever possible. Agreements and contracts should identify the local officials authorized to request assistance pursuant to those documents. 2. In an effort to facilitate assistance pursuant to mutual aid agreements, our available resources are identified. 3. The agreements and contracts pertinent to emergency management (that we are a party to) are summarized in Attachment 6. B. Reports 1. Hazardous Materials Spill Reporting. If we are responsible for a release of hazardous materials of a type or quantity that must be reported to state and federal agencies, the department or agency responsible for the spill shall make the required report. See Annex Q (Hazardous Materials and Oil Spill Response) for more information. If the party responsible for a reportable spill cannot be located, the Incident Commander shall ensure that the required report(s) are made. 2. Initial Emergency Report. This short report should be prepared and transmitted by the EOC when an on-going emergency incident appears likely to worsen and we may need assistance from other local governments or the State. See Annex N (Direction and Control) for the format and instructions for this report. 3. Situation Report. A daily situation report should be prepared and distributed by the EOC during major emergencies or disasters. See Annex N (Direction and Control) for the format of and instructions for this report. 4. Other Reports. Several other reports covering specific functions are described in the annexes to this plan. C. Records 1. Record Keeping for Emergency Operations Ver 2.0 05/05 Our local governments are responsible for establishing the administrative controls necessary to manage the expenditure of funds and to provide reasonable accountability and justification for expenditures made to support emergency operations. This shall be done in accordance with the established local fiscal policies and standard cost accounting procedures. BP-31 a. Activity Logs. The Incident Command Post and the EOC shall maintain accurate logs recording key response activities, including: 1) Activation or deactivation of emergency facilities. 2) Emergency notifications to other local governments and to state and federal agencies. 3) Significant changes in the emergency situation. 4) Major commitments of resources and/or requests for additional resources from external sources. 5) Issuance of protective action recommendations to the public. 6) Evacuations. 7) Casualties. 8) Containment or termination of the incident. b. Incident Costs. All departments and agencies shall maintain records summarizing the use of personnel, equipment, and supplies during the response to day-to-day incidents to obtain an estimate of annual emergency response costs that can be used as in preparing future department or agency budgets. c. Emergency or Disaster Costs. For major emergencies or disasters, all departments and agencies participating in the emergency response shall maintain detailed records of costs for emergency operations to include: 1) Personnel costs, especially overtime costs 2) Equipment operations costs 3) Costs for leased or rented equipment 4) Costs for contract services to support emergency operations 5) Costs of specialized supplies expended for emergency operations These records may be used to recover costs from the responsible party or insurers or as a basis for requesting financial assistance for certain allowable response and recovery costs from the state and/or federal government. 2. Preservation of Records Ver 2.0 05/05 a. In order to continue normal government operations following an emergency situation or disaster, vital records must be protected. These include legal documents as well as property and tax records. The principal causes of damage to records are fire and water; therefore, essential records should be protected accordingly. Each agency responsible for preparation of annexes to this plan will include protection of vital records in its SOPs/SOGs. b. If records are damaged during an emergency situation, we will seek professional assistance to preserve and restore them. BP-32 D. Training It will be the responsibility of each agency director/department head to ensure that agency personnel, in accordance with the NIMS, possess the level of training, experience, credentialing, currency, physical and medical fitness, or capability for any positions they are tasked to fill. E. Consumer Protection Consumer complaints regarding alleged unfair or illegal business practices often occur in the aftermath of a disaster. Such complaints will be referred to the County and/or City Attorney, who will pass such complaints to the Consumer Protection Division of the Office of the Attorney General. F. Post-Incident and Exercise Review The EMCs are responsible for organizing and conducting a critique following the conclusion of a significant emergency event/incident or exercise. The After Action Report (AAR) will entail both written and verbal input from all appropriate participants. An Improvement Plan will be developed based on the deficiencies identified, and an individual, department, or agency will be assigned responsibility for correcting the deficiency and a due date shall be established for that action. X. PLAN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE A. Plan Development The County Judge, Mayors and TAMU V.P. for Finance and Administration are responsible for approving and promulgating this plan. 8. Distribution of Planning Documents 1. The County Judge and Mayors, with assistance from the EMCs, shall determine the distribution of this plan and its annexes. In general, copies of plans and annexes should be distributed to those individuals, departments, agencies, and organizations tasked in this document. Copies should also be set-aside for the EOC and other emergency facilities. 2. The Basic Plan should include a distribution list (See Attachment 1 to this plan) that indicates who receives copies of the basic plan and the various annexes to it. In general, individuals who receive annexes to the basic plan should also receive a copy of this plan, because the Basic Plan describes our emergency management organization and basic operational concepts. In some cases, the plan may be distributed electronically or via the internet. C. Review The Basic Plan and its annexes shall be reviewed annually by local officials. The EMCs will establish a schedule for annual review of planning documents by those tasked in them. Ver 2.0 05/05 BP-33 D. Update 1. This plan will be updated based upon deficiencies identified during actual emergency situations and exercises and when changes in threat hazards, resources and capabilities, or government structure occur. 2. The Basic Plan and its annexes must be revised or updated by a formal change at least every five years. Responsibility for revising or updating the Basic Plan is assigned to the EMCs. Responsibility for revising or updating the annexes to this plan is outlined in Section Vl.B, Assignment of Responsibilities, as well as in each annex. For details on the methods of updating planning documents as well as more information on when changes should be made, refer to Chapter 3 of the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) Local Emergency Management Planning Guide (TDEM-10). 3. Revised or updated planning documents will be provided to all departments, agencies, and individuals tasked in those documents. 4. §418.043(4) of the Government Code provides that TDEM shall review local emergency management plans. The process for submitting new or updated planning documents to TDEM is described in Chapter 6 of the TDEM-10. The Brazos County EMC is responsible for submitting copies of planning documents to our TDEM Plans Section for review. This may be done electronically. ATTACHMENTS: 1. Distribution List 2. References 3. Organization for Emergencies 4. Functional Responsibility Matrix 5. Annex Assignments 6. Summary of Agreements & Contracts 7. National Incident Management System Ver 2.0 05105 BP-34 ATTACHMENT 1 -DISTRIBUTION LIST WILL BE DISTRIBUTED ELECTRONICALLY THROUGH THE BRAZOS COUNTY EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT WEBSITE Jurisdiction/Agency Plan EOC County Judge/Mayors City Managers Each County Commissioner EM Cs City Secretary/Asst. to the Judge County Sheriff Police Chiefs Each Constable Fire Chiefs/Fire Marshals Community Supervision County Health Officer Finance Directorsffax Assessor City Public Works Directors/County Engineer Public Utilities Directors Human Resources Directors County/City Attorneys Justices of the Peace RACES Group St Joseph's Hospital College Station Medical Center The Physician's Center Scott & White County/City Animal Control ISO Transportation Directors Independent School Districts Brazos County L.E.P.C. American Red Cross The Salvation Army Victim Relief Ministries Brazos Valley Transit Authority TDEM District Coordinator D.P.S. Captain, Bryan Brazos Valley V.O.A.D Ver2.0 05105 BP-1-1 Basic Plan Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YES Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Annexes All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All All ATTACHMENT 2 REFERENCES 1. Texas Department of Public Safety, Texas Division of Emergency Management, Local Emergency Management Planning Guide, TDEM-10 2. Texas Department of Public Safety, Texas Division of Emergency Management, Disaster Recovery Manual 3. Texas Department of Public Safety, Texas Division of Emergency Management, Mitigation Handbook 4. FEMA, Independent Study Course, IS-288: The Role of Voluntary Organizations in Emergency Management 5. FEMA, Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG-101) 6. U.S. Department of Homeland Security, National Response Plan 7. 79th Texas Legislature, House Bi/13111 Ver2.0 05105 BP-2-1 Ver 2.0 05/05 ATTACHMENT 3 ORGANIZATION FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT r - - - - - - - - - - --. I HAMOC I : (HEALTH& : : MEDICAL) : '-.-----------J HEALTH/WELFARE BRANCH AG&NATURAL RESOURCES HEALTH & MEDICAL MASS CARE REDCROSS SALVATION ARMY CSISD BISD TAMU LOGISTICS SECTION PUBLIC SAFETY BRANCH LAW ENFORCEMENT EMS FIREFIGHTING HAZMAT BP-3-1 SEARCH& RESCUE POLICY GROUP (CEOs) PUBLIC INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE BRANCH ENERGY TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC WORKS & ENGINEERING EOC MANAGER IFMCs) PLANNING SECTION SITUATION UNIT DOCUMENTATION UNIT RESOURCE UNIT RECOVERY TECHNICAL SPECIALIST GIS I I I IT COMM. LIAISON REGIONAL EOCs, MACC,DDC, soc FINANCE/ADMIN SECTION ATTACHMENT 4 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES c 0 ~ ts <1l ~ 0 Vl c Vl 0 Vl a.. ~ <1l (ij .2 :::2: 0 c c/:l ·c;, Ol c :J L. 0 .E E 2 a E (ij :0 ~ 0 .c ro 0 en c::: Co. Judge/Mayor/Univ Exec s s s s Asst. to County Judge/City Manager/Asst. VP Safety Security EMC s c p c Law Enforcement p p s s Fire Service s s s p Public Works/Univ. Facilities s s s Utilities s Health & Medical Services s s Human Services s Community Services s s Human Resources Tax Assessor/Finance Dir. Transportation/I SD s City/County Attorney's Office/TAMUS OGC Search & Rescue Salvation Army American Red Cross s P-INDICATES PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY S -INDICATES SUPPORT RESPONSIBILITY c Ol 0 c ~ ~ :J Ol (.) Ii= ro ~ > w u:: s s s c p s s p s s s s s s s C-INDICATES COORDINATION RESPONSIBILITY Ver2.0 05105 c .... c (ij 0 Q) 0 ~ E :0 E Q) Q) ~ 2 .E .E c/:l E c w £ .2 (ij :0 ;:: ro Q) :J _J I a.. s s p s c c c p s p BP-4-1 Ol Q) Vl c c -~ 0 "E a. Q) Vl c Q) Q) ·c;, E c::: c Q) e w c Q) Ol "E Vl 0 ·a. :J c/:l ro Q) ~ en 0 c 0 0 Vl Vl ro 0 "2'. ·--c :::2: Ol 0 Q) c/:l Q) +> c::: ~ ~ ~ Q) en c/:l c/:l ~ c ~ Vl 0 c ~ ro .c .2 Q) :J ti ro E ~ 0 :0 ~ 0 E ro (.) Vl ~ N N ro Q) :J 3 Q) :J ro <1l Q) c::: a.. c::: Ci I I I en s s s s p s s s s s s p c c p c p p c c s s s s s s s s p p s p s s s s s s s p s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s Q) Vl c "E 0 a. Q) Vl E Q) Q) c::: Ol <1l "E c Q) c ro "O 0 ~ 2 ·0 E Vl t:'. c 0 .... a. .Q Vl Vl ro ·~ c (ij c Ol L. ~ L. 0 Q) Q) I-0 _J I- s s s s s p s c c s p s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s p s s p I ATTACHMENT 5 ANNEX ASSIGNMENTS ANNEX Annex A: Warning Annex B: Communications Annex C: Shelter & Mass Care Annex D: Radiological Protection Annex E: Evacuation Annex F: Firefighting Annex G: Law Enforcement Annex H: Health and Medical Services Annex I: Public Information Annex J: Recovery Annex K: Public Works & Engineering Annex L: Utilities Annex M: Resource Management Annex N: Direction & Control Annex 0: Human Services Annex P: Hazard Mitigation Annex Q: Haz-Mat & Oil Spill Response Annex R: Search & Rescue Annex S: Transportation AnnexT: Donations Management Annex U: Legal Annex V: Terrorist Incident Response Ver 2.0 05105 ASSIGNED TO: Police Chiefs/County Sheriff Police Chiefs/County Sheriff American Red Cross/EMCs Fire Chiefs Police Chiefs/Countv Sheriff Fire Chiefs/Fire Marshal Police Chiefs/County Sheriff County Health Authority CEOs/PIOs EM Cs Public Works Directors/County Engineer Public Utilities Directors EM Cs CEOs/EMCs EMCs EM Cs Fire Chiefs Fire Chiefs EM Cs The Salvation Army City/County Attorneys Police Chiefs/County Sheriff BP-5-1 ATTACHMENT 6 SUMMARY OF AGREEMENTS & CONTRACTS Agreements Brazos County and the cities within Brazos County have Mutual Aid Agreements in place with all jurisdictions in our ?-county region (Brazos Valley Region). Contracts Brazos County has no pre-positioned contracts for emergency management activities, but has numerous vendor agreements through our Purchasing Department that will be used as needed during any disaster/event. Ver 2.0 05105 BP-6-1 ATTACHMENT 7 NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (NIMS) SUMMARY A. BACKGROUND 1. NIMS is a comprehensive, national approach to incident management that is applicable to all jurisdictional levels and across functional disciplines. This system is suitable across a wk:Je range of incidents and hazard scenarios, regardless of size or complexity. It provides a flexible framework for all phases of incident management, as well as requirements for processes, procedures, and systems designed to improve interoperability. 2. NIMS is a multifaceted system that provides a national framework for preparing for, preventing, responding to, and recovering from domestic incidents. B. COMPONENTS 1. Command and Management. The incident management structures employed by NIMS can be used to manage emergency incidents or non-emergency events such as celebrations. The system works equally well for small incidents and large-scale emergency situations. The system has built-in flexibility to grow or shrink depending on current needs. It is a standardized system, so personnel from a variety of agencies and geographic locations can be rapidly incorporated into a common management structure. Ver 2.0 05/05 a. Incident Management System. A system that can be used to manage emergency incidents or non-emergency events such as celebrations. 1) FEATURES OF ICS ICS has a number of features that work together to make it a real management system. Among the primary attributes of ICS are: a) Common Terminology. ICS requires the use of common terminology, such as the use of standard titles for facilities and positions within an organization, to ensure efficient and clear communications. b) Organizational Resources. All resources including personnel, facilities, major equipment, and supply items used to support incident management activities must be "typed" with respect to capability. This typing will minimize confusion and enhance interoperability. c) Manageable Span of Control. Span of control should ideally vary from three to seven. Anything less or more requires expansion or consolidation of the organization. d) Organizational Facilities. Common terminology is used to define incident facilities, the activities conducted at these facilities, and the organizational positions that can be found working there. BP-7-1 Ver 2.0 05/05 e) Use of Position Titles. All ICS positions have distinct titles. f) Reliance on an Incident Action Plan. The incident action plan, which may be verbal or written, is intended to provide supervisory personnel a common understanding of the situation and direction for future action. The plan includes a statement of objectives, organizational description, assignments, and support material such as maps. Written plans are desirable when two or more jurisdictions are involved, when state and/or federal agencies are assisting local response personnel, or there has been significant turnover in the incident staff. g) Integrated Communications. Integrated communications includes interfacing disparate communications as effectively as possible, planning for the use of all available systems and frequencies, and requiring the use of clear text in communications. h) Accountability. ICS is based on an orderly chain of command, check-in for all responders, and only one supervisor for each responder. 2) UNIFIED COMMAND a) Unified Command is a variant of ICS used when there is more than one agency or jurisdiction with responsibility for the incident or when personnel and equipment from a number of different agencies or jurisdictions are responding to it. This might occur when the incident site crosses jurisdictional boundaries or when an emergency situation involves matters for which state and/or federal agencies have regulatory responsibility or legal requirements. b) ICS Unified Command is intended to integrate the efforts of multiple agencies and jurisdictions. The major change from a normal ICS structure is at the top. In a Unified command, senior representatives of each agency or jurisdiction responding to the incident collectively agree on objectives, priorities, and an overall strategy or strategies to accomplish objectives; approve a coordinated Incident Action Plan; and designate an Operations Section Chief. The Operations Section Chief is responsible for managing available resources to achieve objectives. Agency and jurisdictional resources remain under the administrative control of their agencies or jurisdictions but respond to mission assignments and direction provided by the Operations Section Chief based on the requirements of the Incident Action Plan. 3) AREA COMMAND a) An Area Command is intended for situations where there are multiple incidents that are each being managed by an ICS organization or to oversee the management of large or multiple incidents to which several Incident Management Teams have been assigned. Area Command becomes Unified Area Command when incidents are multijurisdictional. BP-7-2 Ver 2.0 05105 b) The organization of an Area Command is different from a Unified Command in that there is no operations section, since all operations are conducted on- scene, at the separate ICPs. 4) Multiagency Coordination Systems. Multiagency coordination systems may be required for incidents that require higher level resource management or information management. The components of multiagency coordination systems include facilities, equipment, EOCs, specific multiagency coordination entities, personnel, procedures, and communications; all of which are integrated into a common framework for coordinating and supporting incident management. 5) Public Information. The NIMS system fully integrates the ICS Joint Information System (JIS) and the Joint Information Center (JIC). The JIC is a physical location where public information staff involved in incident management activities can co-locate to perform critical emergency information, crisis communications, and public affairs functions. More information on JICs can be obtained in the OHS National Incident Management System Plan, dated March 2004. 6) Preparedness. Preparedness activities include planning, training, and exercises as well as certification of response personnel, and equipment acquisition and certification. Activities would also include the creation of mutual aid agreements and Emergency Management Assistance Compacts. Any public information activities such as publication management would also be preparedness activities. 7) Resource Management. All resources, such as equipment and personnel, must be identified and typed. Systems for describing, inventorying, requesting, and tracking resources must also be established. 8) Communications and Information Management. Adherence to NIMS specified standards by all agencies ensures interoperability and compatibility in communications and information management. 9) Supporting Technologies. This would include any technologies that enhance the capabilities essential to implementing the NIMS. For instance, voice and data communication systems, resource tracking systems, or data display systems. 10) Ongoing Management and Maintenance. The NIMS Integration Center provides strategic direction and oversight in support of routine review and continual refinement of both the system and its components over the long term. BP-7-3 City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0222 Name:Mitigation Action Plan Resolution Status:Type:Resolution Consent Agenda File created:In control:4/23/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution adopting the Mitigation Action Plan titled “Mitigating Risk: Protecting Brazos County from All Hazards 2019-2024." Sponsors:Jonathan McMahan Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:Mitigation Action Plan 2019-2024 Exh A Mitigation Action Plan Resolution 5-1-19 Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution adopting the Mitigation Action Plan titled “Mitigating Risk: Protecting Brazos County from All Hazards 2019-2024." Relationship to Strategic Goals: ·Good Governance ·Financially Sustainable City ·Core Services and Infrastructure ·Neighborhood Integrity ·Diverse Growing Economy ·Improving Mobility ·Sustainable City Recommendation(s): Staff recommends approval of the resolution Summary: This plan is a five-year blueprint for the future, aimed at making communities in Brazos County disaster resistant by reducing or eliminating the long-term risk of loss of life and property from the full range of natural disasters. It meets the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-390); Section 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 201.6 and Part 206; and State of Texas Division of Emergency Management standards. An open public process was established to provide multiple opportunities for all sectors in Brazos County to become involved in the planning process and make input during its drafting stage. Budget & Financial Summary: None Attachments: Resolution College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0222,Version:1 Mitigation Action Plan titled “Mitigating Risk: Protecting Brazos County from All Hazards 2019-2024." College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Mitigating Risk: Protecting Brazos County from All Hazards 2019-2024 Department of Emergency Management 110 N. Main Street Suite 100 Bryan, Texas 77803 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PURPOSE AND PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT This updated document, “Mitigating Risk: Protecting Brazos County from All Hazards, 2019 – 2024,” was prepared by the jurisdictions within Brazos County. The participating entities in the planning area of the Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan include Brazos County, the Cities of Bryan, College Station, Kurten, Wixon Valley and Texas A&M University. These will be referred to as “Brazos County and participating entities”, “participating entities” or the “planning area”. This plan is a five-year blueprint for the future, aimed at making communities in Brazos County, to include all of the planning area; disaster resistant by reducing or eliminating the long-term risk of loss of life and property from the full range of natural disasters. It meets the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-390); Section 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 201.6 and Part 206; and State of Texas Division of Emergency Management standards. An open public process was established to provide multiple opportunities for all sectors in Brazos County and participating entities to be involved in the planning process and provide input during its drafting stage. HAZARDS FACING THE PLANNING AREA The plan identifies and assesses the potential impact of nine natural hazards that threaten Brazos County and participating entities. Hazards were identified based on a review of historical records, national data sources, existing plans and reports, and discussions with local, regional, and national experts. The list of hazards that may threaten Brazos County and the participating entities are: Floods Droughts Fires Severe Winter Storms Tornadoes Hail Thunderstorms Dam failures Excessive Heat 3 MITIGATION VISION A vision statement, 6 goals, and 21 objectives were developed to guide the participating entities in the planning area in reducing or eliminating the long-term risk of loss of life and property from the full range of natural disasters. The mitigation vision for Brazos County and participating entities incorporates: An informed citizenry aware of the risks they face and the measures that can be taken to protect their families, homes, workplaces, communities and livelihoods from the impact of disasters. Local governments and regional entities that are capable of hazard-mitigation planning and project implementation, and of leveraging state, federal, and private resources for investments in mitigation. Intergovernmental coordination and cooperation on mutual issues of concern related to floodplain management and hazard mitigation. A commitment to locate buildings outside hazardous areas and to promote building methods that result in structures able to withstand the natural hazards that threaten them. The integration of mitigation into routine budgetary decisions and planning for future growth and development in the planning area, making disaster resistance an integral part of the livability and sustainability of the county. GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND ACTIONS The overall goal of this plan is to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk of loss of life and property damage in Brazos County and participating entities from the full range of disasters. Individual goals are: GOAL 1. Develop new, and upgrade existing capabilities for identifying the need for and implementing hazard mitigation activities. GOAL 2. Generate support for and increase public awareness of the need for hazard mitigation. GOAL 3. Increase awareness of public officials, community and business leaders of the need for hazard mitigation, and support actions to protect public health and safety. GOAL 4. Promote resource-sharing and increase coordination and cooperation among governmental entities in conducting hazard mitigation activities. GOAL 5. Mitigate damage to and losses of new and existing real property. GOAL 6. Promote sustainable growth. Twenty-one objectives in support of these goals are presented in Section 3. 4 Mitigation Actions This plan sets forth mitigation actions and action plans to be carried out by Brazos County and the participating entities to reduce the risks to these hazards facing the planning area. Each action statement includes a description of the action, estimated costs, benefits, the responsible organization for implementing the action, an implementation schedule, priority, and potential funding sources. Some actions are directed at reducing the risk from a single hazard, such as flooding. Others pertain to multiple hazards or all nine hazards. The hazards differ in important ways, such as in their predictability, length of warning time, speed of onset, magnitude, scope, duration of impact, and the possibilities of secondary impacts. 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. 2 Purpose and Process of Development ......................................................................................................... 2 Hazards Facing the Planning Area ............................................................................................................... 2 Mitigation Vision ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Goals, Objectives and Actions ...................................................................................................................... 3 SECTION 1: PURPOSE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE PLAN ............................................................... 8 Purpose ......................................................................................................................................................... 8 Organization .................................................................................................................................................. 9 SECTION 2: THE PLANNING PROCESS .........................................................................................10 Preparation of the Plan ............................................................................................................................... 10 Public Involvement ...................................................................................................................................... 13 Partners in Planning .................................................................................................................................... 14 SECTION 3: MITIGATION VISION, GOALS, AND OBJECTIVES ...........................................................17 Vision ........................................................................................................................................................... 17 Goals and Objectives .................................................................................................................................. 17 SECTION 4: BRAZOS COUNTY PLANNING AREA AT A GLANCE .......................................................19 Geography................................................................................................................................................... 19 Population ................................................................................................................................................... 20 Higher Education ......................................................................................................................................... 22 Land Use ..................................................................................................................................................... 23 Development Trends ................................................................................................................................... 23 Communities Designated for Special Consideration .................................................................................. 25 SECTION 5: HAZARDS THE PLANNING AREA FACES AND WHAT'S AT RISK ..................................26 Risk Assessment Methodologies ................................................................................................................ 26 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 26 Hazards of Concern .................................................................................................................................... 34 Historical Disaster Declarations .................................................................................................................. 35 Economic and Social Losses ...................................................................................................................... 35 Hazard Ranking .......................................................................................................................................... 36 Unique Hazards .......................................................................................................................................... 37 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................. 37 SECTION 6: FLOOD.....................................................................................................................42 Why Floods Are a Threat ............................................................................................................................ 42 Hazard Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 43 History of Flooding ...................................................................................................................................... 44 Location of Hazardous Areas ...................................................................................................................... 46 NFIP Program Participation ........................................................................................................................ 48 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 49 Potential Damages and Losses .................................................................................................................. 50 Repetitive Losses ........................................................................................................................................ 50 SECTION 7: DROUGHT ................................................................................................................52 Why Drought Is a Threat ............................................................................................................................. 52 Hazard Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 53 History of Drought ....................................................................................................................................... 57 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 58 Potential Damages and Losses .................................................................................................................. 58 SECTION 8: URBAN AND WILDLAND FIRES ...................................................................................59 Why Urban and Wildland Fires Are a Threat .............................................................................................. 59 Hazard Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 61 History of Wildfire in the Planning Area ...................................................................................................... 61 Location of Hazardous Areas ...................................................................................................................... 62 History of Fire .............................................................................................................................................. 68 6 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 68 Potential Damages and Losses .................................................................................................................. 69 SECTION 9: WINTER STORMS .....................................................................................................70 Why Winter Storms Are a Threat ................................................................................................................ 70 Hazard Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 70 History of Severe Winter Storms ................................................................................................................. 71 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 72 Potential Damages and Losses .................................................................................................................. 73 SECTION 10: TORNADOES ..........................................................................................................74 Why Tornadoes Are a Threat ...................................................................................................................... 74 Hazard Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 75 History of Tornadoes ................................................................................................................................... 77 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 79 Potential Damages and Losses .................................................................................................................. 79 SECTION 11: HAIL ......................................................................................................................80 Why Hailstorms Are a Threat ...................................................................................................................... 80 Hazard Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 80 History of Hailstorms ................................................................................................................................... 81 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 82 Potential Damages and Losses .................................................................................................................. 83 SECTION 12: THUNDERSTORMS ..................................................................................................84 Why Thunderstorms are a Threat ............................................................................................................... 84 Hazard Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 84 History of thunderstorms ............................................................................................................................. 85 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 87 SECTION 13: DAM FAILURE .........................................................................................................88 Why Dam Failure Is a Threat ...................................................................................................................... 88 Hazard Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 88 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 89 Potential Damages and Losses .................................................................................................................. 92 SECTION 14: EXCESSIVE HEAT ...................................................................................................95 Why Excessive Heat Is a Threat ................................................................................................................. 95 Hazard Profile ............................................................................................................................................. 95 History of Excessive Heat in the Planning Area.......................................................................................... 96 Location of Hazardous Areas ...................................................................................................................... 96 People and Property at Risk ....................................................................................................................... 96 Potential Damages and Losses .................................................................................................................. 97 SECTION 15: PREVIOUS MITIGATION ACTIONS .............................................................................98 Federal Emergency Management Agency Programs ................................................................................. 98 Previous Planning Efforts ............................................................................................................................ 98 Building and Fire Codes ............................................................................................................................ 100 Fire Codes ................................................................................................................................................. 102 Inspection and Permitting Processes ........................................................................................................ 103 Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedules and Fire Ratings .......................................................... 104 Floodplain Management Ordinances ........................................................................................................ 104 FEMA Community Assistance Program Involvement ............................................................................... 105 Previous Action Items ............................................................................................................................... 107 SECTION 16: MITIGATION ACTIONS ........................................................................................... 116 SECTION 17: PLAN IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES ..................................... 135 Implementation .......................................................................................................................................... 135 Evaluation and Enhancement ................................................................................................................... 136 Continued Public Involvement .................................................................................................................. 138 APPENDIX A: ACRONYMS .......................................................................................................... 139 APPENDIX C: LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION TEAM ........................................................................ 174 APPENDIX D: CRITICAL FACILITIES IN BRAZOS COUNTY AND PARTICIPATING ENTITIES .................. 176 7 APPENDIX E: LOCAL ADOPTION RESOLUTIONS ........................................................................... 181 8 SECTION 1: PURPOSE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE PLAN PURPOSE The Brazos Valley Council of Governments (BVCOG) is made up of the seven-county Brazos Valley region that consists of Brazos, Burleson, Grimes, Leon, Madison, Robertson and Washington Counties, as well as incorporated cities and several unincorporated communities in those counties. Its boundaries are based on geographic features, economic market areas, labor markets, commuting patterns and media coverage areas. The BVCOG was established in 1966 and is charged by the Texas legislature with addressing regional issues and opportunities. BVCOG’s goal is to create and enhance partnerships among local governments, private businesses and service organizations to collaboratively plan for and maintain the highest quality of life in the Brazos Valley. The organization provides, in consultation with and through the cooperation of the local elected officials, housing, health, workforce, and senior services programs throughout the Brazos Valley. The council also administers the regional 9-1-1 plan, community and economic development programs, criminal justice planning and grants, Homeland Security planning and grants, and solid waste planning and grants. Brazos County and participating entities developed the update to the comprehensive Hazard Mitigation Plan for planning area. Entities participating in this Hazard Mitigation Action Plan include Brazos County, Texas A&M University, and the cities of Bryan, College Station, Wixon Valley, and Kurten. Role of this Plan This Hazard Mitigation Action Plan was prepared by the Hazard Mitigation Team, on behalf of the six participating entities. It is intended as a blueprint for future hazard mitigation, defined as “any sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life and property from all hazards.” The plan is designed to help build sustainable communities that, when confronted by natural disasters, will sustain fewer losses and recover more quickly. It is also intended to: Minimize disruption to Brazos County communities following a disaster; Streamline disaster recovery by articulating actions to be taken before a disaster strikes, to reduce or eliminate future damage; Serve as a basis for future funding that may become available through grants and technical assistance programs offered by state or federal governments. The plan will enable Brazos County and participating entities to take advantage of rapidly developing mitigation grant opportunities as they arise; and ensure that Brazos County and participating entities maintain their eligibility for the full range of future federal disaster relief. Certain forms of federal mitigation assistance for projects will be available only to cities and counties that have a FEMA- approved hazard mitigation plan in place. 9 ORGANIZATION The executive summary is at the beginning of the plan. Sections 1 and 2 of this plan address how it was prepared and who was involved in planning. Section 3 articulates the vision, mitigation goals, and objectives that guided the development of the plan. The goals are general guidelines that articulate a desired end state. They are expressed as policy statements of global visions. Objectives are specific, measurable, and define the strategies or implementation steps to attain the identified goals. Section 4 profiles the planning area’s geography, population, land use and development trends in the planning area. Section 5 identifies the major natural hazards that have affected and may again affect planning area and describes the people and property at risk from these hazards. Sections 6 through 14 discuss each of the natural hazards that affect the planning area. The plan addresses why each hazard is a threat and profiles each hazard in terms of its severity of impact, frequency of occurrence, hours of warning time, and existing warning systems. If the hazard has a geographic boundary, it is identified and mapped if possible. Data on the property and number of people at risk from each hazard are presented, along with the history of hazard events in Brazos County and participating entities. Section 15 discusses previously implemented mitigation actions. These include federal projects such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Public Assistance projects, Hazard Mitigation Grant Program projects, and other federal mitigation projects; and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ (USACE) studies, plans, and projects. It also includes plans, studies and projects of the Texas Water Development Board, and local plans, ordinances, and inspection and permitting processes. Section 16 contains actions to be undertaken by each participating entity to mitigate the hazards identified in Sections 6 to 14. Mitigation action plans describe each mitigation action, the hazard addressed, the estimated costs, benefits, organization responsible for overseeing implementation, implementation schedule, objectives the action is designed to achieve, priority, and potential funding sources. Section 17 discusses plan maintenance procedures, including how the plan is to implemented, maintained and evaluated, and how the public will continue to be involved. Appendix A defines acronyms used in this plan. Appendix B reports the results of a web-based hazard survey to elicit information from the public on issues of concern about hazard mitigation. Appendix C identifies members of the local hazard mitigation team who updated this plan. Appendix D identifies the critical facilities in the planning area. Appendix E will contain the resolutions adopted by jurisdictional authorities when the plan is approved and the resolutions are adopted. 10 SECTION 2: THE PLANNING PROCESS PREPARATION OF THE PLAN This document was prepared by the Hazard Mitigation Team, in coordination with Brazos County and the participating entities. It was developed in accordance with the provisions of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-390), the Pre-Disaster Mitigation Grant Program, Federal Regulations (44 CFR 206), and the planning standards adopted by the Texas Division of Emergency Management. The hazard mitigation planning process for Brazos County and participating entities was started in January 2016 and a draft was completed for submission to the State in March 2018. Entity Participation This updated plan covers Brazos County, Cities Bryan, College Station, Kurten, Wixon Valley and Texas A&M University. The entities all participated during the update process. Each entity contributed during the update process by: Forming a new local Hazard Mitigation Team (HMT) with representatives from their jurisdiction, including numerous local Emergency Management Coordinators. Attended kick-off meetings, mitigation workshops and public meetings. Reviewed and analyzed the existing plan and updated each section, as necessary. Provided an updated risk assessment for their jurisdiction. Discussed the status of previous action items and provided new mitigation actions. Devised a way to keep the plan maintained from 2019-2024. Open Public Process An open public process was established to give Brazos County and the participating entities an opportunity to become involved in the planning process and make their views known. Neighboring jurisdictions, federal and state agencies, businesses, Texas A&M University, non- profit organizations and the public participated in the process. Each participating entity, established a Hazard Mitigation Team composed of broad-based representatives of cities and the county. A list of team members is provided at Appendix C. The Hazard Mitigation Team members from each jurisdiction participated actively throughout the planning process. They attended a kick-off workshop in the county, attended additional mitigation workshops in the county, updated mitigation actions and devised a way to keep the plan current from 2019-2024. Non-participating jurisdictions were notified about the planning effort and invited to participate. They were given the opportunity to attend a kick-off meeting, public meetings and the mitigation workshops and to fill out the Hazard Mitigation Survey Form. 11 A mitigation workshop was held November 2nd and 4th, 2015, and a kick-off meeting was held in Brazos Community Operations Center (CEOC) on July 28, 2016. A stakeholders meeting was held December 11, 2017. County commissioners, mayors, city council members, academia, elected officials, city managers, floodplain managers, emergency management coordinators, fire marshals, police chiefs, sheriffs, county engineers, building officials and inspectors, and other interested officials were invited to the kick-off meeting and subsequent workshops. At the workshop, TDEM provided a briefing on the FEMA hazard mitigation planning requirements and the respective roles and responsibilities of the local jurisdictions. An opportunity was provided for Brazos County and participating entities officials to discuss how they would like to approach the planning process throughout the county. A public meeting was held November 8, 2018 to inform the public about the planning process and solicit their ideas and recommendations. A second public meeting for Brazos County and participating entities will be held after FEMA’s review of the draft plan. A Hazard Survey was developed to solicit opinions from the public about hazards of concern. The Hazard Surveys were distributed to the public during public outreach opportunities, via jurisdictional websites, local media partners, and social media. The survey provided a mechanism to gain input from agencies, businesses, academia, non-profit organizations, and other interested parties. A total of 653 responses were received. The responses are summarized in Appendix B. Identify Hazards Profiles of hazards were prepared to show their severity of impact, frequency of occurrence, seasonal patterns, warning time, cascading potential, and applicable warning systems. Assess Risks The characteristics and potential consequences of each hazard were assessed to determine how much of the planning area could be affected and the potential effects on local assets. An inventory was taken of “at risk” populations, buildings, infrastructure and lifelines, and commercial facilities in the planning area classified as “critical” or “special” or housing hazardous materials. A list of critical facilities is provided in Appendix D. The Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment sections were revised continually throughout the update process to ensure completeness. Nine hazards that have the potential or probability to affect Brazos County and participating entities were identified based on a review of historical records, national data sources, existing plans and reports, and discussions with local, regional, state, federal and national experts. Develop Mitigation Strategies Based on a review of the vision statement, goals, and priorities of the previous plan with the local elected officials and the Hazard Mitigation Team, it was determined that the vision statement, goals, and objectives are still relevant and should remain the same. These goals and 12 objectives will reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to life and property from hazards. The goals are general guidelines that articulate a desired end state. They are expressed as policy statements of global visions. Objectives are specific, measurable, and define the strategies or implementation steps necessary to attain the identified goals. The vision statement, goals, and objectives are presented in Section 3 of this plan. Hazard Mitigation Team (HMT) members reviewed various documents, reports and plans, including Capital Improvement Plans for Bryan and College Station, Brazos County Emergency Operations Plans, Building Codes and Floodplain Maps. Additionally, a hazard survey was circulated throughout the county through city and county websites. Citizens were asked to rank hazards and propose mitigation projects based on their observations. Some surveys were returned to the Emergency Operations Center for review and discussion by the Hazard Mitigation Team. In addition, local floodplain ordinances from participating jurisdictions were studied and the HMT discussed whether local floodplain management could be strengthened in an effort to improve mitigation. The HMT discussed if safety would be improved with the addition of freeboard requirements for building permits. Freeboard is defined as the additional amount of height above a flood elevation at which a structures’ lowest floor must be elevated to. The HMT also reviewed local building codes to determine if stronger ordinances would help strengthen new buildings from some hazards, such as tornadoes. Section 15 and the hazard-specific sections of the plan summarize the findings from the studies, plans, reports and technical information. Other sources of the information included the Federal Emergency Management Agency, USACE, the Insurance Services Office, the U.S. Fire Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Texas Water Development Board, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, the State Comptroller, the Texas State Data Center, and the Texas Division of Emergency Management. Section 15 and the hazard-specific sections of the plan summarize the findings from the studies, plans, reports and technical information. An inclusive and structured process was used to develop and prioritize mitigation actions for this Hazard Mitigation Plan. It included the following steps: A vision statement, mitigation goals and objectives were formulated to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life and property from each hazard. Mitigation team members considered the benefits that would result from the mitigation actions versus the cost of those projects. For those actions in which the benefits could be quantified, an economic evaluation was one factor that helped team member’s select one mitigation action from among many competing ones. Cost-effectiveness of actions was considered as each team member developed their final list of mitigation actions. Economic considerations were part of the community’s analysis of the comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects being considered. Each participating entity did a review of benefits and costs for the mitigation actions/projects. The review of benefits and costs considered: 1) how many people will be affected; 2) what size of an area will be affected; and 3) which critical facilities will be affected. Then, the following questions were answered: 13 Are costs reasonable compared with the size of the problem and probable benefits? Does the project make sense for the overall community? Each mitigation action/project was ranked based on the following criteria: Does this project address multiple goals and objectives outlined in this plan? Does this project impact a large percentage of the population or involve multiple participating entities? Will project result in life safety and/or property protection? Does the project address multiple hazards? Is funding available? Is the project cost effective (future benefits exceed cost)? Each criteria was given a score between 0 to 4 and the overall mitigation action/project score was a summation of criteria scores. Each mitigation action/project was categorized as low (0 – 8), medium (9 – 16), or high (17 – 24) based on its overall score. Participants received a briefing on the risk assessment results and identified any unique hazards for the entity’s planning area that varied from those hazards affecting the planning area as a whole. Participants discussed potential mitigation actions to identify any that might be relevant to the risks they face in jurisdiction and to solicit ideas. Implement the Plan and Monitor Progress A formal process was established at the workshops to ensure that the plan is implemented and remains an active and relevant document. Plan maintenance is addressed in Section 17. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT Because public involvement is critical to the success of hazard-mitigation planning, public input was sought in several ways. Public input was solicited during the drafting stage, upon development of the draft, and prior to adoption of the plan. The public also was given the opportunity to provide comments, input into the planning process, and discuss other issues of concern to the entire planning area. A public meeting was held at the CEOC November 8, 2018 to inform the public about the planning process and solicit their ideas and recommendations. Announcements of the public meeting were distributed to the media and civic organizations, as well as being posted to Facebook, Twitter, jurisdictional websites, and displayed in public places. Members of the general public, residents, local businesses, community leaders, educators, representatives of neighboring jurisdictions and private and non-profit groups were invited to attend and participate. A second public meeting for Brazos County and participating entities will be held after FEMA’s review of the draft plan. 14 The county-wide public meetings provided an opportunity for the public to give input in the planning process during the drafting stage. The public was also provided an opportunity to comment on the draft plan prior to its submission to the Texas Division of Emergency Management and FEMA. A Hazard Survey was made available to the public and was distributed at the public meetings. The survey sought information from citizens about hazards that have affected them and recommendations for action to reduce future risks. A total of 653 responses were received. The survey results provided an important source of information for use in formulating mitigation actions. Survey results appear in Appendix B. Finally, the draft of this plan was made available on the Brazos County Department of Emergency Management website (www.bcdem.org/plans ) for public review and comment. Each participating jurisdiction made a copy of the plan available for public inspection and review and formally solicited public review and comment prior to their governing bodies’ adoption of the plan. A copy of each resolution adopting the plan will be in Appendix E after the participating jurisdictions each adopt the plan. PARTNERS IN PLANNING Hazard Mitigation Teams The Hazard Mitigation Team (HMT), which had a central role throughout the planning process, was composed of local officials throughout Brazos County and participating entities. For a complete list of the HMT, see Appendix C. The local Hazard Mitigation Team (HMT) was comprised of various members of the communities and local government with wide-ranging expertise. In addition to Emergency Managers, membership included Floodplain Administrators, Risk Managers, Public Works Supervisors, Code Enforcement Agents, Public Health Officers and Urban/Regional Planners. Mitigation projects were discussed and weighted, then considered for inclusion in the Mitigation Action Plan. Members attended planning meetings as well as public meetings to discuss hazards in the planning area. The HMT was chaired by the Emergency Management Coordinator for Brazos County. Representatives were invited from the participating entities by the Emergency Management Coordinators for each entity, to meet in a central location to discuss the mitigation plan and the update process. Talking points, slide shows and hand-out materials were provided during the meetings. Discussions were held on mitigation planning, the update process, and what hazards impact each of the participating entities. The HMT discussed which new hazards, if any, should be included in the plan and if any hazards should be removed from the plan. Mitigation actions for the 2012-2017 update needed to be reviewed and updates given on each action. The HMT then discussed ideas for new mitigation projects which will need to be included in the updated plan. 15 The HMT laid the groundwork for the plan, examined risk in county jurisdictions, sought the participation of stakeholders and the public, and articulated the mitigation actions and action plans presented in the document. The team, in short, served as the primary vehicle through which to share information, invite active participation, and coordinate the plan’s development, implementation, and maintenance within participating jurisdictions. Federal and state agencies guidance and data were utilized in the planning process. These included the Federal Emergency Management Agency of the Department of Homeland Security, the USACE, the Texas Division of Emergency Management, the Texas Water Development Board, the Texas Department of Transportation, and the Texas A&M Forest Service. Weather event data were provided by the National Weather Service and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA). The Mitigation Section of the Texas Department of Emergency Management reviewed the plan and provided input and guidance, which assisted the team in developing the plan. Hazard mitigation team members assessed their capabilities, examined previous mitigation efforts, and developed mitigation actions. Throughout the process, they reached out to police and fire departments, emergency medical services, code enforcement entities, floodplain managers, neighboring jurisdictions, local businesses, community leaders, educators and other private and non-profit organizations to inform them of the planning process and seek their views. Updated Plan Participation This Hazard Mitigation Action Plan was created in 2005 and updated in 2012. This 2019 update covers Brazos County and the participating entities. As part of the update process, a local Hazard Mitigation Team (HMT) was formed and tasked with reviewing and updating each section of the plan, as necessary. The process by which the HMT undertook to determine whether a section warranted an update began with the HMT reviewing the 2012 version of the plan. Local team members were then tasked to review and analyze the information that pertained to their local planning area. The HMT would then determine if that data needed to be updated based on whether it contained outdated information or, in the case of mitigation actions, had already been accomplished. Likewise, sections of the 2012 plan that did not warrant an update were not revised in this 2019 version. The following is a summary of the sections that were updated by the Hazard Mitigation Team: The Executive Summary and Section 1: Purpose and Organization of the Plan was updated to reflect changes in the plans development. In keeping with the 2012 Version, this update reflects a continuing focus on Brazos County and participating entities. Section 2: The Planning Process was updated to reflect the local planning process undertaken by Brazos County and participating entities. This includes the formation of the local Hazard Mitigation Team to review and analyze each section of the plan. 16 Section 3: Mitigation Vision, Goals, and Objectives were not revised by the Hazard Mitigation Team (HMT). The HMT discussed the vision, goals, and objectives of the original version of the plan and felt they were still valid. The team voted to keep the vision, goals and objectives the same for this version of the plan. Section 4: Brazos County Planning Area at a Glance reflects a focus on the planning area. Section 5: Hazards the Planning Area Faces and What’s at Risk reflects a focus on Brazos County and the participating entities. Sections 6-14 contain the risk assessment for each of the nine hazards listed in the plan and was revised as necessary to reflect any changes to the risks that can affect the planning area. The HMT discussed the hazards listed in the original plan and decided not to include the chapter on hurricanes. The hazards the participating entities experience during hurricanes is covered in the chapters for flood, tornadoes, hail, and thunderstorms. The chapter on thunderstorms includes information on windstorms and lightning hazards. The team then discussed the man-made hazards listed in the plan and voted again to eliminate the four (4) man-made hazards of energy pipeline failures, hazardous materials incidents, nuclear power plant accidents and terrorism. These four man-made hazards were eliminated because they are difficult to mitigate with the available federal mitigation funds, and because they are not required by Section 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 201.6(c)(2)(i), which requires a risk assessment for all natural hazards that can affect the participating entities. Section 15: Previous Mitigation Actions discusses mitigation actions supported by federal and state agencies, and local programs relating to building and fire codes and floodplain management ordinances. This section was revised to reflect any updated building and fire codes, and floodplain ordinances that were re-adopted since the original version of the plan. Section 16: Mitigation Actions contains actions to be undertaken by each of the participating entities to mitigate the hazards identified in Sections 6 through 14. This section was reviewed and analyzed by the HMT to review previous actions, identify any previous actions items from the original plan that could be deferred to this updated plan, and to include new action items to help achieve the vision, goals and objectives listed in Section 3. Section 17: Plan Implementation and Maintenance Procedures discusses the plan maintenance procedures and was revised to reflect how Brazos County and the participating entities will maintain, update and evaluate the plan during the next five years. 17 SECTION 3: MITIGATION VISION, GOALS, AND OBJECTIVES VISION The mitigation vision for the planning area is: Intergovernmental coordination and cooperation on mutual issues of concern related to hazard mitigation and disaster preparedness; Local governments and regional entities with high levels of capability for hazard mitigation planning and project implementation, leveraging state, federal and private resources for investments in mitigation; An informed citizenry aware of the risks they face and the measures that can be taken to protect their families, homes, workplaces, communities and livelihoods from the impact of disasters; Build structures outside of hazardous areas and ensure built to withstand the natural hazards that threaten them; Communities integrating hazard mitigation concerns into routine planning and budgetary decisions and plans for future growth and development; with disaster resistance an integral part of the livability and sustainability of the region. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Overall Goal: To reduce or eliminate the long-term risk of loss of life and property damage in the planning area from the full range of natural disasters. The following mitigation goals and objectives, from the previous version of this plan, were re- evaluated by the Hazard Mitigation Team in 2012 and determined to remain valid and effective. GOAL 1. Build the capability for carrying out hazard mitigation activities. Objective 1.1 Encourage education and training for personnel involved in hazard mitigation to develop high levels of expertise. Objective 1.2 Ensure, to the extent feasible, adequate levels of staffing for hazard mitigation activities. Objective 1.3 Create and foster partnerships to help communities reduce their exposure to hazards. Objective 1.4 Focus on identifying and obtaining federal, state, and private-sector funds available for hazard mitigation. Objective 1.5 Upgrade operational systems and facilities that support hazard mitigation. GOAL 2. Heighten public awareness and support for hazard mitigation. Objective 2.1 Ensure that communication between disaster personnel and the public in advance of and during hazard events is adequate in content and coverage. 18 Objective 2.2 Inform area citizens about the full range of natural and man-made hazards they face, and the need for guarding against injury and loss of life caused by those hazards. Objective 2.3 Devise programs to educate the public about how to prevent or reduce the loss of life or property from all hazards, including specific actions that can be taken. GOAL 3. Increase awareness of public officials, community and business leaders of the need for hazard mitigation, and support actions to protect public health and safety. Objective 3.1 Encourage the adoption of appropriate hazard mitigation measures by local governments, businesses, institutions, and individuals, and communicate information about specific, effective actions they can take. Objective 3.2 Ensure that communication among disaster personnel and public officials in advance of and during hazard events is adequate in content and coverage. Objective 3.3 Focus on protecting particularly vulnerable areas during hazard events (e.g., hospitals, nuclear reactors, areas crossed by fuel transmission lines). GOAL 4. Promote resource-sharing and increase coordination and cooperation among governmental entities in conducting hazard-mitigation activities. Objective 4.1 Improve and expand communication and coordination within and among federal, state, and local governments and the Brazos Valley Council of Governments in mitigating hazards. Objective 4.2 Identify and map critical facilities and take action to ensure that critical facilities and services can continue to operate in disaster situations. Objective 4.3 Create hazard-specific and general hazard-mitigation partnerships among Brazos Valley counties, cities, the Brazos Valley Council of Governments and other stakeholders. GOAL 5. Mitigate damage to and losses of new and existing real property. Objective 5.1 Protect public infrastructure and private buildings from known hazards. Objective 5.2 Support methods, codes, and ordinances that reduce threats to existing and new development and ensure that citizens are not unnecessarily exposed to potential hazards. Objective 5.3 Reduce repetitive losses to the NFIP. Objective 5.4 Protect against financial losses caused by hazard events through liberal application of insurance coverage. GOAL 6. Promote sustainable growth. Objective 6.1 Promote beneficial uses of hazardous areas while expanding open space and recreational opportunities. Objective 6.2 Incorporate hazard mitigation into long-range planning, budgeting and development activities. Objective 6.3 Prevent creation of future hazards to life and property. 19 SECTION 4: BRAZOS COUNTY PLANNING AREA AT A GLANCE GEOGRAPHY The planning area claims 588 square miles of southeast central Texas between the Navasota River and the Brazos River for which it was named. Brazos County includes four incorporated cities: Bryan, College Station, Kurten, and Wixon Valley. Rolling prairie and woodlands that rise 200 to 350 feet above sea level characterize the county. Businesses throughout the county are involved in higher education, defense electronics, research, medical, agriculture, and varied manufacturing. Information is included in this section about the population and demographics of the county, as well as information about businesses in the county (higher education, agriculture, minerals, housing, economic development, and tourism). Figure 4-1. Brazos County in the Brazos Valley Region 20 Figure 4-2. Planning area POPULATION The population of Brazos County and participating entities in 2010 was 194,851 people. It is now currently estimated to be 209,896, with the largest cities in the planning area being College Station (93,857) and Bryan (80,552). 21 Table 4-1. Demographics of planning area General Demographics Totals Percent Total Population 209,896 Male 106,391 50.69% Female 103,505 49.31% White Only 155,512 74.09% Black/African American 22,208 10.58% American Indian/Alaskan Native 874 0.42% Asian 12,608 6.01% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 71 0.03% Other Race 12,507 5.96% Two or More Races 6,116 2.91% Figure 4-3. Gender Composition of Planning area 22 Figure 4-4. Racial Composition of Planning area HIGHER EDUCATION Texas A&M University, located in College Station, was the state’s first public institution of higher education. It was opened on Oct. 4, 1876 as the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas. The school owes its origin to the Morrill Act of 1862, which established the nation’s land-grant college system. The initials "A" and "M" are a link to the university’s past; they no longer represent any specific words as the school’s curriculum has grown to include not only agriculture and engineering, but architecture, business, education, geosciences, liberal arts, medicine, science, and veterinary medicine. The university’s enrollment includes 66,425 students. Blinn College is a two-year institution with its main campus in Brenham. It is the oldest county owned junior college in Texas and began in Washington County. Blinn College serves a 13 county service area and also has campuses in Bryan and Schulenburg in Fayette County. Table 4-2. Higher Education Institutions Institution Location Enrollment Fall 2016 Number of Faculty Texas A&M University College Station 66,425 3,995* Blinn College Bryan** 12,338 ~750 *Faculty includes professors, associate professors, assistant professors, other faculty, and teaching assistants. Source: Texas A&M University **Main campus in Brenham (Washington County) 23 LAND USE The U.S. Department of Agriculture conducts a census of agricultural uses of land. The 1,412 farms in the planning area averaged about 212 acres in size. Of this about 62,733 acres of the total farmland, were devoted to harvested crops. Of the harvested cropland, about 5,563 acres were irrigated. Table 4-3. Agricultural Land Use in Brazos County, 2012 County Number of Farms Ave. Size of Farm (acres) Harvested Cropland (acres) Irrigated Land (acres) Brazos 1,412 212 62,733 5,563 Source: US Department of Agriculture, Census of Agriculture Farms in the area covered by the planning area produce a wide variety of agricultural products with cattle being the most common. Table 4-4. Agricultural Products in Brazos County County Agricultural Products Annual Value Brazos Cattle, poultry, cotton, hay, horses and horticulture. $95 million Source: Texas Almanac In terms of minerals, oil is produced in each of the seven counties making up the BVCOG. Table 4-4 lists the chief minerals found in the planning area. Table 4-5. Minerals in Brazos County County Minerals Brazos Sand, gravel, lignite, gas, oil DEVELOPMENT TRENDS Although building of new structures will continue throughout the planning area, primary focus of construction will be the Bryan/College Station Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) which includes all of planning area and which accounts for about 57 percent of the population in the BVCOG region. Pressure on the housing stock is greater in Brazos County and participating 24 entities, than in the other counties because of the very high percentage of housing units that are occupied. Table 4-6. Housing Units in Brazos County, as of 2016 County Total Housing Units Percent of Housing Units Occupied Brazos 83,504 91 % Source: U.S. Census The primary impetus for development is, of course, population growth. The Texas State Data Center projects continued moderate growth for the Bryan/College Station MSA, 8.6 percent between 2002 and 2010 and 10.9 percent between 2010 and 2020. However, the Texas Water Development Board forecasts a much steeper climb in population, 24.7 percent and 14.2 percent over the same two periods. If the Water Board’s numbers are closer to what actually occurs, residential development will pose an especially difficult challenge for the two adjoining cities. Since the previous plan approval, the population within Brazos County has increased by approximately 7% and the number housing units have increased by nearly 30%. There has also been an increase in commercial structures and roadways to support the growing population. While the completion of some mitigation actions from the previous plan have reduced the vulnerability for each jurisdiction, such continued growth will put pressure on using land in high hazard areas in each jurisdiction. Thus, such growth may increase the vulnerability within each jurisdiction. Local governments are also working to develop the economic potential of the area and bring high quality jobs to the MSA. They are working hard to develop commercial research opportunities. Table 4-8 contains the name, telephone number and e-mail address of the economic development organization for Brazos County. Table 4-7. Number and Value by Property Type in Planning Area, as of 2016 Residential Rental Commercial Industrial Number Value ($1,000) Number Value ($1,000) Number Value ($1,000) Number Value ($1,000) Bryan 18,653 $2,682,007 1,2722 $778,219 1,804 $1,957,137 81 $120,778 College Station 19,909 $4,564,110 1,947 $2,183,466 994 $2,532,657 5 $36,052 Kurten 112 $9,642 0 0 10 $3,979 0 0 Wixon Valley 59 $8,007 0 0 22 $8,067 0 0 Unincor porated 45,516 $8,961,868 3,280 $2,975,321 3,238 $4,688,558 119 $201,834 Source: Brazos County Appraisal District 25 Table 4-8. Regional Economic Development Organization County Organization Name Telephone Number E-Mail Address Brazos Brazos Valley Economic Development Corp* 979-260-1755 mprochaska@researchvalley.org *website: www.researchvalley.org Although all of the communities in the planning area are projected to grow in population, the cities of Bryan/College Station are the only metropolitan areas in the planning area and hence will face the most severe development challenges and thus pressure will increase to build in areas that are hazard-prone. Several of the smaller towns and communities will, however, deal with similar problems of maintaining the quality of life during periods of growth and paying for new schools, roads, and other types of infrastructure. As part of the five-year plan update, depending upon resource availability, a review will be undertaken of development trends in each jurisdiction and vulnerability. Also as part of the five- year plan update, depending upon resource availability, a review will be undertaken for each hazard of the type and number of existing and future buildings, infrastructure and critical facilities within each hazard area, and an estimate will be undertaken of the vulnerability of critical facilities and infrastructure in terms of potential dollar losses from each hazard. Also depending upon resource availability, land uses and development trends will also be re- examined, including the types of development occurring, location, expected intensity, and pace by land use for each jurisdiction. This will help complete and improve future vulnerability assessment efforts. Based on the analysis, a summary of vulnerability will be provided for the participating entities. COMMUNITIES DESIGNATED FOR SPECIAL CONSIDERATION The State of Texas requires that hazard mitigation plans identify any Small and Impoverished Communities in the planning area. These communities may receive special consideration in some federal and state grant programs. According to the established criteria, Small and Impoverished Communities 1) have a population less than 3,000 and are not a remote area within the corporate boundaries of a larger city and 2) are economically disadvantaged, with residents having an average per capita annual income not exceeding 80 percent of the national per capita income and a local unemployment rate that exceeds by one percentage point or more the most recently reported national unemployment rate. At this time, there are no small and impoverished communities within the planning area. 26 SECTION 5: HAZARDS THE PLANNING AREA FACES AND WHAT'S AT RISK RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES A risk assessment evaluated the probability of occurrence of a hazard event and the potential associated losses in Brazos County and participating entities. The resulting loss estimates are a starting point from which to evaluate mitigation measures if a real hazard event occurs. The loss estimates also are intended to support mitigation decision-making. It is important to note, however, that loss estimates calculated during the risk assessment used available data and methodologies and are approximate. The estimates should be used to understand relative risks from hazards and potential losses and are not intended to predict precise results. Uncertainties are inherent in any loss-estimation methodology and arise, in part, from incomplete scientific knowledge about natural hazards and their effects on the built environment. Uncertainties also result from approximations and simplifications (such as incomplete or outdated inventory, demographic, or economic parameter data) that are necessarily used during a comprehensive analysis. These data can result in a range of uncertainty in loss estimates, perhaps at a factor of two or more. In addition, a variety of previous studies and reports were reviewed for additional risk data. PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK Hazard identification consists of defining the study area in terms of scale and coverage and collecting and compiling a list of prevalent hazards in the planning area to help narrow the focus of the analysis. Figure 5-1 below shows the extent of the planning area, as well as the population density distribution at the county level (based on Census 2010). Table 5-1 provides the types of critical facilities. Figure 5-2 is a map of critical facilities in the planning area. Detailed lists of critical facilities, identified by county, can be found in Appendix D. 27 Figure 5-1. Population Density Distribution Map for the Planning Area Table 5-1. Social Vulnerability Indicators for the Planning Area Social Vulnerability Indicators Totals Percent Under 5 13,235 6.31% 65 and Over 17,225 8.21% Non-White 48,268 23.00% Persons in Poverty1 52,652 26.98% Persons over 25: Less than High School2 15,385 14.36% Single Parent Households with Children3 11,551 15.24% Vacant Housing Units4 5,408 6.48% Mobile Homes, RVs, Boats, Etc4 7,707 9.23% 1 Persons in poverty is based on persons whose income-to-poverty threshold ration is 0.99 and below. The percentage is based on the total population for whom poverty status has been determined. 2 The percentage of persons with less than a high school education is based on the total population of persons over the age of 25. 3 Single parent households with children are the total households with only a male or female parent. The percentage is based on the total number of households. 4 The percentage of vacant housing units and mobile homes/recreational vehicles/boats/etc. are based on the total housing units. 28 The maps that follow are representative of the geographical locations that have populations with higher vulnerabilities. For instance, educating all county residents about multiple ways into and out of their residence. This is particularly important when Brazos County and the entire planning area experiences heavy rain incidents with localized flooding. Figure 5-2. Social Vulnerability Map for the Planning Area 29 Figure 5-3. Total Population Map for the Planning Area 30 Figure 5-4. Population 65 and Over Map for the Planning Area 31 Figure 5-5. Population of Persons in Poverty Map for the Planning Area 32 Figure 5-5. Persons Living in Mobile or Other Homes Map for the Planning Area 33 Table 5-2. Critical Facilities by Type in the Planning Area Jurisdiction Infrastructure and Lifelines Oil Pipe (km) Gas Pipe (km) Highway (km) Railroad (km) Brazos 375.9 1,819.9 216.4 113.2 Brazos County Bryan College Station Texas A&M University Wixon Valley Airport 1 1 Bus 2 1 City Hall 1 1 1 Communication 6 1 1 Courthouse 1 Electric 1 1 2 Emergency 1 1 Fire Station 12 5 6 Highway 6 2 Medical 2 3 1 Police Station 1 2 1 1 School 1 32 16 Wastewater 3 2 2 Multiple Jurisdictions Highway 14 Railway Bridge 2 34 Figure 5-6. Critical Facilities Distribution Map for the Planning Area HAZARDS OF CONCERN Based on input such as historical data, public perception, and technical requirements, the following hazards (listed alphabetically) were considered for analysis: Dam failures Drought Excessive Heat Fires Floods Hail Severe Winter Storms Thunderstorms Tornados 35 HISTORICAL DISASTER DECLARATIONS Of the 1,037 major disaster declarations in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and nine U.S. territories between 1972 and 2010, the State of Texas, at 84, claims the highest number of presidential disaster declarations for any state or territory. Presidential disaster declarations and Small Business Administration declarations for Brazos County and participating entities are identified in Table 5-3. Since 1965, there have been five Presidential Disaster and five Small Business Administration Declarations for Brazos County and the participating entities. Table 5-3. Disaster Declarations in the Planning Area County Year Disaster Number Primary Incident Type Presidential Declaration SBA Declaration Brazos 1991 930 DR Flood Yes Yes Brazos 1994 1041 DR Flood Yes Yes Brazos 2005 1606 DR Hurricane Yes Yes Brazos 2008 1791 DR Hurricane Yes Yes Brazos 2016 4272 DR Flood/Tornado Yes Yes ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL LOSSES Risk (vulnerability) assessments are presented, whenever possible, in terms of annualized losses. The annualized data are useful for three reasons: Contribution of potential losses from all future disasters is accounted for with this approach. Results in this form from different hazards are readily comparable and, hence, easier to rank. For purposes of evaluating mitigation alternatives, use of annualized losses is the most objective approach. Annualized losses for hazards where the parametric approach is used are computed in a three- step process: Compute / estimate losses for a number of scenario events with different return periods (e.g., 10-year, 100-year, 200-year, 500-year) Approximate the probability versus loss curve through curve fitting 36 Calculate the area under the fitted curve to obtain annualized losses. Computations of loss predictions from the other hazards that used a statistical approach are based primarily on observed historical losses. Impact on Critical and Essential Facilities Hazard mitigation plans often focus on critical facilities vulnerable to hazards simply because it is usually most cost-effective to mitigate the assets that are the most important to the community. These could be facilities critical to emergency operations, or ones that house important government functions or vulnerable populations, or ones simply deemed important to the community for their economic or cultural value. Consequently, these facilities are considered high-priority when evaluating structures for the purpose of increasing their disaster resistance. Critical and essential facilities include: Facilities critical to normal and emergency response operations in the planning area (fire stations, police stations, and the EOC) Infrastructure and facilities critical to community survivability or continuity of community services (transportation facilities; post offices; radio station and other communication facilities; electrical transmission and distribution; water and wastewater treatment), Facilities needed to assist vulnerable populations during and after a disaster (schools, hospitals, residential care facilities), and Facilities in which key government functions take place (sheriff’s office, county courthouse, town halls). In general, for most of the hazards addressed in this study, the potential for significant damage exists primarily at critical facilities located in flood-prone areas. Critical facilities that happen to be in the tornado path or nearby energy pipelines where incidents could occur also may sustain considerable damage. HAZARD RANKING Based on the priority risk index in Table 5-4 below, the hazards in the planning area are: Floods Thunderstorms Drought Urban and Wildland Fire Dam Failure – except Wixon Valley and Kurten Hail Excessive Heat 37 Winter Storm Tornado UNIQUE HAZARDS This plan is a multi-jurisdictional plan developed to address common risks faced by Brazos County and the participating entities. Members of the Hazard Mitigation Team conducted an assessment of risks their entity faces in comparison to the other communities in the planning area. CONCLUSIONS Tables 5-4 and 5-5 on the following page provides an overall summary of the planning area’s vulnerability to hazards. Table 5-4 provides the definitions utilized in the priority risk index (PRI). Table 5-5 provides the ratings of the priority risk index. The PRI as a function of probability, special extent, impact, duration of incident, and warning time. For each participating entity, each hazard was given a rating of 1 to 4 (with 1 being the lowest) within each area. Section 201.6(c)(2)(iii) of FEMA regulations indicate that for multi-jurisdictional plans, the risk assessment must assess each participating entity’s risks where they vary from the risks facing the entire planning area. These ratings were developed based on the best acceptable data and will be updated during the five-year plan review and update process. 38 Table 5-4. Definitions for the Priority Risk Index PRI Category Degree of Risk Assigned Weighting Factor Level Criteria Index Value Probability Unlikely Less than 1% annual probability 1 30% Possible Between 1 and 10% annual probability 2 Likely Between 10 and 100% annual probability 3 Highly Likely 100% annual probability 4 Impact (Impact is subdivided into 3 categories: social impact, property impact, and CIKR impact) Minor Very few injuries, if any. Only minor property damage and minimal disruption on quality of life. Temporary shutdown of critical facilities. 1 30% Limited Minor injuries only. More than 10% of property in affected area damaged or destroyed. Complete shutdown of critical facilities for more than one day. 2 Critical Multiple deaths/injuries possible. More than 25% of property in affected area damaged or destroyed. Complete shutdown of critical facilities for more than one week. 3 Catastrophic High number of deaths/injuries possible. More than 50% of property in affected area damaged or destroyed. Complete shutdown of critical facilities for 30 days or more 4 Spatial extent Negligible Less than 1% of area affected 1 20% Small Between 1 and 10% of area affected 2 Moderate Between 10 and 50% of area affected 3 Large Between 50 and 100% of area affected 4 Warning Time More than 24 hours Self-explanatory 1 10% 12 to 24 hours Self-explanatory 2 6 to 24 hours Self-explanatory 3 39 Less than 6 hours Self-explanatory 4 Duration Less than 6 hours Self-explanatory 1 10% Less than 24 hours Self-explanatory 2 Less than one week Self-explanatory 3 More than one week Self-explanatory 4 Source: Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Team (adapted from North Caroline Emergency Management Division) 40 Table 5-5. Priority Risk Index by Planning Entity PROBABILITY EXTENT DURATION WARNING TIME PRI Property Impact CIKR Impact Incident Exposure Probability Spatial Extent Historical Human Possible Human Extent of Damage Duration of Shutdown Average Impact Duration of Exposure Warning Time Priority Risk Index Weights 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 Brazos County P1: Prob S1: Extent H1: Extent H2: Number Pr1: Extent CI1: Shutdown Severity D1: Duration W1: Warning PRI Flood 3 3 2 4 4 2 3.00 3 3 3 Drought 3 4 1 1 2 1 1.25 4 1 2.575 Urban and Wildland Fires 4 1 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.275 Winter Storms 1 4 2 1 1 1 1.25 2 3 1.975 Tornados 1 2 1 3 3 3 2.50 1 4 1.95 Hail 3 2 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.175 Thunderstorms 4 3 1 1 2 1 1.25 2 3 2.675 Dam Failure 1 2 1 4 4 4 3.25 3 3 2.275 Excessive Heat 1 4 2 2 1 1 1.50 4 1 2.05 City of Bryan P1: Prob S1: Extent H1: Extent H2: Number Pr1: Extent CI1: Shutdown Severity D1: Duration W1: Warning PRI Flood 3 3 2 4 4 2 3.00 3 3 3 Drought 3 4 1 1 2 1 1.25 4 1 2.575 Urban and Wildland Fires 4 1 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.275 Winter Storms 1 4 2 1 1 1 1.25 2 3 1.975 Tornados 1 2 1 3 3 3 2.50 1 4 1.95 Hail 3 2 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.175 Thunderstorms 4 3 1 1 2 1 1.25 2 3 2.675 Dam Failure 1 2 1 4 4 4 3.25 3 3 2.275 Excessive Heat 1 4 2 2 1 1 1.50 4 1 2.05 City of College Station P1: Prob S1: Extent H1: Extent H2: Number Pr1: Extent CI1: Shutdown Severity D1: Duration W1: Warning PRI Flood 3 3 2 4 4 2 3.00 3 3 3 Drought 3 4 1 1 2 1 1.25 4 1 2.575 Urban and Wildland Fires 4 1 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.275 Winter Storms 1 4 2 1 1 1 1.25 2 3 1.975 Tornados 1 2 1 3 3 3 2.50 1 4 1.95 Hail 3 2 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.175 Thunderstorms 4 3 1 1 2 1 1.25 2 3 2.675 Dam Failure 1 2 1 4 4 4 3.25 3 3 2.275 Excessive Heat 1 4 2 2 1 1 1.50 4 1 2.05 City of Kurten P1: Prob S1: Extent H1: Extent H2: Number Pr1: Extent CI1: Shutdown Severity D1: Duration W1: Warning PRI Flood 3 3 2 4 4 2 3.00 3 3 3 Drought 3 4 1 1 2 1 1.25 4 1 2.575 Urban and Wildland Fires 4 1 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.275 Winter Storms 1 4 2 1 1 1 1.25 2 3 1.975 Tornados 1 2 1 3 3 3 2.50 1 4 1.95 Hail 3 2 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.175 Thunderstorms 4 3 1 1 2 1 1.25 2 3 2.675 Dam Failure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 Excessive Heat 1 4 2 2 1 1 1.50 4 1 2.05 City of Wixon Valley P1: Prob S1: Extent H1: Extent H2: Number Pr1: Extent CI1: Shutdown Severity D1: Duration W1: Warning PRI Flood 3 3 2 4 4 2 3.00 3 3 3 Drought 3 4 1 1 2 1 1.25 4 1 2.575 Urban and Wildland Fires 4 1 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.275 Winter Storms 1 4 2 1 1 1 1.25 2 3 1.975 Tornados 1 2 1 3 3 3 2.50 1 4 1.95 Hail 3 2 1 1 2 1 1.25 1 4 2.175 Thunderstorms 4 3 1 1 2 1 1.25 2 3 2.675 Dam Failure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 Excessive Heat 1 4 2 2 1 1 1.50 4 1 2.05 TAMU P1: Prob S1: Extent H1: Extent H2: Number Pr1: Extent CI1: Shutdown Severity D1: Duration W1: Warning PRI Flood 3 1 1 4 4 4 3.25 2 2 2.475 Drought 1 4 1 1 1 1 1.00 4 1 1.9 Urban and Wildland Fires 2 1 1 1 1 1 1.00 1 1 1.3 Winter Storms 1 4 1 1 1 1 1.00 2 1 1.7 Tornados 1 3 1 3 3 3 2.50 2 4 2.25 Hail 2 3 1 1 1 1 1.00 1 3 1.9 Thunderstorms 3 4 1 1 1 1 1.00 1 3 2.4 Dam Failure 1 1 1 4 4 4 3.25 1 1 1.675 Excessive Heat 1 4 1 1 1 1 1.00 4 1 1.9 Social Impact IMPACT 41 The hazard-event profiles relevant to Brazos County and the participating entities reveal historic hazard trends and provide a reference point for understanding the potential effects of future hazard events. A review of historic data helps to evaluate hazard-event profiles and answer questions: How often may a particular disaster occur? Who and where are most likely to be affected? How bad can it get? Sections 6 through 14 of this plan contain reviews of the historical frequency of occurrence and/or loss and damage estimates, by hazard, in the planning area. Each section discusses why the hazard is a threat, profiles the hazard, identifies areas at risk to hazards that have distinct geographic boundaries, identifies the people and property at risk, and summarizes the history of hazard events and potential damages and losses. The results of this study are useful in at least three ways: Improving our understanding of the risk associated with the natural hazards in the planning area through better understanding of the complexities and dynamics of risk, how levels of risk can be measured and compared, and the myriad factors that influence risk. An understanding of these relationships is critical in making balanced and informed decisions on managing the risk. Providing a baseline for policy development and comparison of mitigation alternatives. The data used for this analysis present a current picture of risk in the planning area. Updating this risk “snapshot” with future data will enable comparison of the changes in risk with time. Baselines of this type can support the objective analysis of policy and program options for risk reduction in the region. Comparing the risk among the natural hazards addressed. The ability to quantify the risk to all these hazards relative to one another helps in a balanced, multi-hazard approach to risk management at each level of governing authority. This ranking provides a systematic framework to compare and prioritize the very disparate natural hazards that are present in the planning area. This final step in the risk assessment provides the necessary information for the Mitigation Planning Committee to craft a mitigation strategy to focus resources on only those hazards that pose the most threat to the region. 42 SECTION 6: FLOOD WHY FLOODS ARE A THREAT Unique Geographic and Atmospheric Conditions Texas, according to American Hazardscapes: The Regionalization of Hazards and Disasters published by the National Academy Press, consistently outranks other states in deaths and damage from floods. This is due to the location and size of the state. Texas is second in casualties and damages from hurricanes and tropical storms. The state’s vulnerability is the result of several factors: miles of Gulf of Mexico coastline; proximity to the Pacific Ocean off the west coast of Mexico; geographical location near the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Arizona; the high-altitude jet stream; and nearness to the unique West Texas “dry line,” a shifting, invisible atmospheric separation of dry desert air from the moist Gulf air. These factors create a breeding ground for the big storms of spring and fall that spawn tornadoes and suck up Gulf or Pacific moisture that feed the heavy rains that cause flash flooding. All these geographic factors cause Texas to experience extensive, annual storms. Figure 6-1 shows the state’s vulnerability to damaging storms. Flooding takes many forms in the planning area. Figure 6-1. Texas Sources of Moisture 43 Flash Flooding Most flash flooding is caused by slow-moving thunderstorms, by thunderstorms repeatedly moving over the same area, or by heavy rains from hurricanes and tropical storms. Flash floods can occur within a few minutes or after hours of excessive rainfall. Often there is no warning that flash floods are coming. Flash flooding can pose a deadly danger to residents of the planning area. A number of roads run through low-lying areas that are prone to sudden and frequent flooding during heavy rains. Motorists often attempt to drive through barricaded or flooded roadways. It takes only 18-to- 24-inches of water moving across a roadway to carry away most vehicles. Floating cars easily get swept downstream, making rescues difficult and dangerous. Riverine Flooding Riverine flooding is natural and inevitable. It is the overbank flooding of rivers and streams, typically resulting from large-scale weather systems that generate prolonged rainfall over a wide geographic area. Some river floods occur seasonally when winter or spring rainfalls fill river basins with too much water, too quickly. Torrential rains from decaying hurricanes or tropical systems can also produce river flooding. Urban Flooding Urban flooding occurs as land is converted from fields or woodlands to roads, buildings and parking lots and when the natural land loses its ability to absorb rainfall. Urbanization changes the natural hydrologic systems of a basin, increasing runoff two to six times over what would occur on natural terrain. During periods of urban flooding, streets can become swift moving rivers, while highway underpasses and underground parking garages can become death traps as they fill with water. HAZARD PROFILE Major flooding and flash flooding events can have a substantial severity of impact to the Brazos County and the participating entities. They can cause multiple deaths, completely shut down facilities for thirty days or more, and cause more than fifty percent of affected properties to be destroyed or suffer major damage. The frequency of occurrence of flooding in the planning area is likely. The extent of flooding in Brazos County and participating entities, can be water depths from between one and four feet deep in structures located in the identified flood hazard area. Brazos County and participating entities have infrastructure and critical facilities that are vulnerable to floods. There are also residential structures that are vulnerable to flooding, and mitigation actions regarding those structures are addressed in Section 16 of this plan. 44 Flooding occurs in seasonal patterns. Thunderstorms form when warm, moist air collides with cooler, drier air. Since these masses tend to come together during the transition from summer to winter, most thunderstorms and resulting flooding occur during the spring (April, May and June) and fall (October, November, and December). HISTORY OF FLOODING Flood events in the planning area reported to the National Weather Service are listed in Table 6- 1. Table 6-1. Reported Flood Events, January 1, 1994, to September 1, 2017 Type Location Date Deaths Injuries Property Damage ($) Crop Damage ($) Flash flooding Brazos 10/16/1994 0 0 $5.0M $50K Flash flooding/ flood Brazos 12/15/1994 0 0 50K 5K Flash flood Bryan/ College Station 09/21/1995 0 0 5K 0 Flash flood Countywide 02/20/1997 0 0 5K 0 Flash flood North Portion 10/13/1997 0 0 5K 0 Flash flood College Station 01/06/1998 0 0 5K 0 Flash flood College Station 10/17/1998 0 0 5K 0 Flooding, riverine County 10/17/1998 1 0 0 0 Flash flood College Station 10/18/1998 0 0 2K 0 Flash flood Countywide 10/18/1998 0 0 15K 0 Flooding, riverine County 11/12/1998 0 0 0 0 Flash flood Countywide 11/02/2000 0 0 1.0M 0 Flash flood Countywide 11/03/2000 0 0 25K 0 Flash flood Countywide 11/03/2000 0 0 25K 0 Flash flood Countywide 11/03/2000 0 0 1.0M 0 45 Flash flood Countywide 09/09/2001 0 0 50K 0 Flash flood Bryan 07/14/2002 0 0 20K 0 Flash flood Countywide 11/04/2002 0 0 95K 0 Flash flood Countywide 02/20/2003 0 0 8K 0 Flash flood Bryan 05/13/2004 0 0 250K 0 Flash flood College Station 06/15/2004 0 0 55K 0 Flash flood Bryan 06/30/2004 0 0 15K 0 Flash flood Countywide 11/22/2004 0 0 0 0 Flash flood Bryan 05/01/2007 0 0 130K 0 Flash flood Countywide 12/15/2007 0 0 5K 0 Flash flood Bryan 04/25/2009 0 0 1K 0 Flash flood Bryan 06/09/2010 0 0 1K 0 Flash flood College Station 06/09/2010 0 0 0 0 Flash flood College Station 06/09/2010 0 0 0 0 Flash flood College Station 06/09/2010 0 0 0 0 Flash flood College Station 06/09/2010 0 0 0 0 Flash flood College Station 02/03/2012 0 0 100K 0 Flash flood Bryan (Edge) 02/03/2012 0 0 2K 2K Flash flood Bryan 05/09/2013 0 0 10K 0 Flash flood College Station 09/28/2013 0 0 0 0 Flash flood Bryan 06/25/2014 0 0 0 0 Flash flood College Station 07/17/2014 0 0 50K 0 Flash flood Bryan 09/12/2014 0 0 3K 0 Flash flood Bryan 05/25/2015 0 0 5K 0 Flash flood Bryan 10/24/2015 0 0 0 0 Flash flood College Station 12/27/2015 0 0 0 0 46 Flash flood County Wide 05/26/2016 0 0 100K 0 Flood County Wide 08/24/2017- 08/28/2017 0 0 TBD 0 LOCATION OF HAZARDOUS AREAS Flood-hazard areas are determined using statistical analyses of records of riverflow, storm tides, and rainfall; information obtained through consultation with communities; floodplain topographic surveys; and hydrological and hydraulic analyses. FEMA’s Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) identify areas subject to flood hazard. These include Special Flood Hazard Areas, which are defined as areas that will be inundated by a flood event having a one-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. The one-percent-annual-chance flood is also referred to as the base flood or 100-year flood. Moderate flood-hazard areas are also shown on the FIRM, and are the areas between the limits of the base flood and the two-tenths of a percent-annual-chance (or 500-year) flood. The location of flood hazard areas for Brazos County and participating entities are shown in Figure 6-2. Flooding is primarily located along the Brazos River on the west side of the county and along the Navasota River on the east side of the county. Depths of flood waters can range from one to four feet deep along the Brazos River and one to three feet deep along the Navasota River. Figure 6-2 on the following page depicts the flood zones throughout the planning area, where there is potential for damage to property and loss of life. 47 Figure 6-2. Riverine Flooding Potential for the Planning Area 48 NFIP PROGRAM PARTICIPATION Flood insurance offered through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) is the best way for home and business owners to protect themselves financially against the ravages of flooding. According to FEMA, jurisdictions participate in the NFIP by adopting and enforcing floodplain management ordinances to reduce future flood damage. In exchange, the NFIP makes federally backed flood insurance available to homeowners, renters, and business owners in these communities. Community participation in the NFIP is voluntary. Brazos County, cities of Bryan, College Station, and Wixon Valley are currently the jurisdictions within the county that participate in the NFIP. It should be noted that Wixon Valley participates in the NFIP but has no floodplain within the city limits. There is no floodplain within the city limits of Kurten that would require participation in the NFIP. However, the City of Kurten has identified the desire to participate in the NFIP as one of their projects to mitigate for flooding. These jurisdictions maintain their continued NFIP compliance in several ways, including: Requiring all new development in the identified flood hazard area to be permitted Requiring revisions to existing structures in the identified flood hazard area to be permitted Requiring Elevation Certificates to be submitted as part of the permitting process Persons looking to purchase flood prone property are being advised of the flood hazard area through credited hazard disclosure measures Continued preservation of open space in the floodplain Acquisition of existing structures from the floodplain Keeping track of building improvements and repairs to structures located in the identified flood hazard area Continued enforcement of stream dumping regulations The cities of Bryan, College Station, and Wixon Valley participate in the NFIP’s Community Rating System (CRS). This voluntary incentive program recognizes and encourages community floodplain management activities that exceed the minimum NFIP requirements. Additional activities are verified annually and community success is translated into ratings which equal policy holder discounts. For more information regarding the floodplain management ordinance of each community, see Section 15. 49 Table 6-2. National Flood Insurance Program, Policies and Losses for the Planning Area (as of (5/31/2018) Community Policies in Effect Total Coverage in Thousands Total Losses Dollars Paid, Historical Brazos County 236 $68,635 34 $1,155,567 Bryan 673 $168,691 280 $4,406,382 College Station 641 $202,581 185 $1,082,188 PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK To assess flood risk, flood areas were modeled for 100-year and 500-year events. Flood depth was estimated at the pixel level for affected areas, along with proportion of the area affected within the census block. Table 6-3 shows the estimated buildings and people at risk to flooding. Because detailed information was not available to calculate potential losses due to flood, it is assumed that in a worst-case-scenario event, all exposed areas would be impacted and the exposed values would equal the potential losses. Table 6-3. Potential Wet Exposure for 100-Year Flood (Riverine Flooding) Residential Rental Commercial Industrial Number of Parcels Value ($1,000) Number of Parcels Value ($1,000) Number of Parcels Value ($1,000) Number of Parcels Value ($1,000) Bryan 1192 $204,781 104 $96,394 179 $445,253 14 $40,561 College Station 564 $189,914 78 $530,835 108 $506,456 2 $29,990 Kurten 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wixon Valley 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unincorpo rated 520 $127,312 4 $2,443 56 $78,095 6 $2,541 Brazos County - TOTAL 2276 $522,006 186 $629,672 343 $1,029,804 22 $95,956 Market Value: $3,494,789,179 Land Value: $1,585,952,326 50 Improvement Value: $1,908,836,853 POTENTIAL DAMAGES AND LOSSES To estimate annualized losses due to flood, the exposed values were multiplied by the probability of the occurrence of a 100-year flood event (1 percent) to calculate the estimated annualized losses. Annualized losses by county are shown in Table 6-4. Potential impacts to critical facilities and infrastructure are provided in Table 6-5. Repetitive losses are provided in Table 6-6. Table 6-4. Potential Annualized Losses (Riverine Flooding) Planning Entity Total Exposure ($1,000) Annualized Loss (Residential) Annualized Loss (Commercial) Annualized Loss (Industrial) Total Annualized Loss Annualized Loss Percentage Ratio Brazos County $210,391 $69,920.00 $249,728.86 $303,325.74 $622,974.60 0.30% City of Bryan $786,989 $431,794.18 $284,055.76 $224,273.04 $940,122.98 0.12% City of College Station $1,257,195 $77,627.34 $43,801.11 $19,002.26 $140,430.71 0.01% Table 6-5. Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Potentially Damaged, Brazos County County Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Total Number Number Inside the 100-year Floodplain Percentage Susceptible to Flooding Brazos 298 129 43.29 REPETITIVE LOSSES Brazos County has four (4) structures on FEMA’s Repetitive Loss (RL) list and no Severe Repetitive Loss (SRL) structures. The City of Bryan has twenty-eight (28) structures on FEMA’s RL list and seven (7) structures on the SRL list. 51 The City of College Station has four (4) structures on FEMA’s RL list and one (1) structure on the SRL list. Forty-one (41) structures are residential, and three (3) are commercial. They are primarily constructed of brick and mortar on concrete slab foundations. None of the other participating entities within this plan have either RL or SRL structures listed by FEMA. 52 SECTION 7: DROUGHT WHY DROUGHT IS A THREAT According to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, “Drought is one of the most complex, and least understood, of all natural hazards, affecting more people than do other natural hazards, but differing from them in important ways. Unlike earthquakes, hurricanes and tornadoes, drought unfolds at an almost imperceptible pace with beginning and ending times that are difficult to determine, and with effects that often are spread over vast regions. Drought is a period of time without substantial rainfall that persists from one year to the next. Drought is a normal part of virtually all-climatic regimes, including areas with high and low average rainfall. Drought is the consequence of a natural reduction in the amount of precipitation expected over an extended period of time, usually a season or more in length. Droughts can be classified as meteorological, hydrologic, agricultural, and socioeconomic. Table 7-1 shows the drought classification definitions. Table 7-1. Drought Classification Definitions Meteorological Drought The degree of dryness or departure of actual precipitation from an expected average or normal amount based on monthly, seasonal, or annual time scales. Hydrologic Drought The effects of precipitation shortfalls on stream flows and reservoir, lake, and groundwater levels. Agricultural Drought Soil moisture deficiencies relative to water demands of plant life, usually crops. Socioeconomic Drought The effect of demands for water exceeding the supply as a result of a weather-related supply shortfall. Source: Multi-Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment: A Cornerstone of the National Mitigation Strategy, FEMA Over time, droughts can have very damaging effects on crops, municipal water supplies, recreational uses, and wildlife. If droughts extend over a number of years, the direct and indirect economic impact can be significant. Droughts can affect a large area and range in size from a couple of counties to several states. Their impact on wildlife and area farming is enormous. Droughts can kill crops, grazing land, edible plants and even in severe cases, trees. The historic Texas drought of 2011 led to a record $5.2 billion in agricultural losses, making it the most costly drought on record, according to Texas AgriLife Extension Service economists. The $5.2 billion in losses exceeds the previous 53 record of $4.1 billion during the 2006 drought. Additionally dying vegetation also serves as a prime ignition source for wildland fires. The following is a list of economic drought losses from 1998 through 2011 compiled by AgriLife Extension economists: 2011– $5.2 billion 2009 – $3.6 billion 2008 – $1.4 billion 2006 – $4.1 billion 2002 – $316 million 2000 – $1.1 billion 1999 – $223 million 1998 – $2.4 billion A heat wave combined with a drought is a very dangerous situation. Although drought can occur in any season, when extreme heat combines with drought conditions, the result can be a community disaster. Droughts occur regularly in Texas and are a normal condition. They can vary greatly, however, in their intensity and duration. On average, a yearlong drought takes place somewhere in Texas once every 3 years and a major drought every 20 years. Major droughts can last for years. In 2011, the planning area experienced a severe drought event. HAZARD PROFILE The potential severity of impact of droughts is substantial, especially taking into consideration the economic losses that may result. The frequency of occurrence of drought in the planning area is likely. The planning area has critical facilities or infrastructure that are vulnerable to drought. The participating entities in this plan all have back-up water supply systems in place to provide water to commercial and residential structures should a drought affect the water supply system. Most residences in the planning area rely on water from underground wells. Livestock and agriculture losses could occur in the county during periods of drought. Additionally, drought increases the risk of wildfires due to lack of soil and plant moisture. The risk of wildfires is address in the subsequent section. Droughts are slow onset hazards. Warning time for drought is long, since drought events take place over long periods of time. Drought warnings are issued by the state Drought Preparedness Council, as directed by H.B. 2660, based upon input from NOAA, the Office of the State Climatologist, the U.S. Geological Service, the Texas Water Development Board, Texas 54 Commission on Environmental Quality, and the Texas Agricultural Statistics Service. Warnings utilize five “levels of concern” and take into account assessments of climatology, agriculture, and water availability for each of 10 climatic regions of the state. According to the Palmer Drought Index, shown in Table 7.2 on the next page, the extent of droughts can range from minor or moderate to extreme or exceptional. The maximum extent of drought that can affect the planning area would be exceptional, as shown in Figure 7.1. This occurred during the summer and fall of 2011. The minimum extent of drought that can affect Brazos County and the participating entities would be moderate, as shown in Figure 7.2. This occurred during the spring of 2017 after some much needed rain. Table 7-2. Palmer Drought Index Figure 7-1. Extent of Drought for the United States during 2011 55 56 Figure 7-2. Extent of Drought Specific to the State of Texas during 2011 57 HISTORY OF DROUGHT The data collected for this hazard is from the National Weather Service and provides estimates of historical losses for property and crop damages (see Table 7-3). Table 7-3. Exposure to Droughts in the Planning Area as Reported to the National Weather Service, 01/01/1996 to 11/30/2017 Date Death Injury Property Damage Crop Damage Notes 4/1/1996 0 0 0 0 Entire county affected 5/1/1996 0 0 0 0 Entire county affected 6/1/1996 0 0 0 0 Entire county affected 5/1/1998 0 0 0 0 Entire county affected 6/1/1998 0 0 0 0 Entire county affected 7/1/1998 0 0 0 0 Entire county affected 8/1/1998 0 0 23.0M 167.9M Entire county affected No data to separate damages within area 8/1/2000 0 0 0 0 Entire county affected 9/1/2000 0 0 0 102.3M Entire county affected No data to separate damages within area 7/1/2011 0 0 0 TBD Entire county affected 8/1/2011 0 0 0 TBD Entire county affected 58 PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK Droughts have the potential to impact large geographical areas, thus all the agricultural property, population, and built environment are considered exposed to the hazard and could potentially be impacted. In the planning area, drought does not have specific location. Drought has the ability to adversely affect agriculture such as reduced crop productivity as well as harm to livestock through reduced water levels, additional stress, and reduced forage. Economic impacts to agriculture can be found in “Potential Damages and Losses” below. Vulnerable populations due to drought are the elderly (ages 65 and above) and the young (ages 5 and below) as well as populations living at or below poverty level. The elderly are more vulnerable to drought possibly due to underlying health conditions as well as to possible limited access to potable water. Through the reduction of soil moisture, drought can impact the built environment through the shrinking of soils. This could affect building foundations, bridge construction, and dam construction. POTENTIAL DAMAGES AND LOSSES In order to analyze the risk of Brazos County and participating entities to drought and estimate potential losses, 100 years of statistical data from the University of Nebraska was used (this data was developed by the University based on Palmer Drought and Crop Severity Indices) as well as 1997 USDA agriculture data. A drought event frequency-impact was then developed to determine a drought impact profile on non-irrigated agriculture products and estimate potential losses due to drought in the area. Table 7-4 shows annualized expected exposure for the planning area. Table 7-4. Annualized Expected Agricultural Product Market Value Exposed to Drought in the Planning Area in 2017 County Annualized Expected Exposure ($1000) Brazos 24,856.7 59 SECTION 8: URBAN AND WILDLAND FIRES WHY URBAN AND WILDLAND FIRES ARE A THREAT The fire problem in the United States on a per capita basis is one of the worst in the industrial world. Thousands of Americans die each year from fire, tens of thousands of people are injured, and property losses reach billions of dollars. To put these figures in context, the annual losses from floods, tornadoes, earthquakes and other natural disasters combined in the United States average just a fraction of the losses from fire. According to the National Fire Data Center of the U.S. Fire Administration, recent trends show a decline in the numbers of fires, deaths, injuries, and dollar loss to property. However, despite these encouraging trends, an average of over 3,000 deaths and 16,000 injuries to civilians, and over 85 firefighter deaths occurred annually over the 10–year period from 2005-2015. The fire death rate, by state, is shown in Figure 8-1. This plan addresses both wildland fires and major urban fires. For purposes of this plan, major wildland fire events are those that were greater than or equal to two-alarm fires. Major urban fires are defined as those structure fires that were greater than or equal to three-alarm fires. Figure 8-1. Fire Death Rate by State 60 Major Urban Fires The leading causes of fires nationally are arson, open flames, and cooking. Urban fires cause most fire deaths and injuries. The leading causes of fire deaths are smoking, arson, and heating. Between 70 and 80 percent of deaths result from residential fires. People under age 5 and over age 55 have a much higher death rate than the average population. These two age groups account for more than one-third of all deaths nationally. Wildland Fires A wildland fire is any fire occurring on grassland, forest, or prairie, regardless of ignition source, damages, or benefits. According to the National Fire Plan, 2000, the wildland fire risk is now considered by authorities as “the most significant fire service problem of the century.” The National Fire Plan was issued by the U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Interior. It defines the urban/wildland interface as “the line, area, or zone where structures and other human development meet or intermingle with undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels.” The interface problem has grown dramatically over the last twenty years, spawned by increases in population, urban expansion, land-management decisions that place neighborhoods adjacent to wildland preserves, parks, and greenbelts, and the ever-present desire to intermingle with nature. The marriage between humans and their property and wildland areas has significantly increased human exposure to wildfires. More and more people are building their homes in woodland settings in or near forests, rural areas, or remote mountain sites. Many of these homes are nestled along ridgelines, cliff-edges, and other classic fire-interface hazard zones. There, homeowners enjoy the beauty of the environment but they also face the very real danger of wildfire. Years of fire suppression have significantly disturbed natural fire occurrences—nature’s renewal process. The result has been the gradual accumulation of understory and canopy fuels to levels of density that can feed high-energy, intense wildfires and further increase the hazards from and exposure to interface problems. Multiple devastating interface-area fires over the past several years have demonstrated the disastrous potential inherent in the interface. Wildland fires can occur at any time of the year. Climatic conditions such as severe freezes and drought can significantly increase the intensity of wildland fires since these conditions kill vegetation, creating a prime fuel source for these types of fires. The intensity of fires and the rate at which they spread are directly related to wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity. Three different classes of wildfires exist. A “surface fire” is the most common type and burns along the floor of a forest, moving slowly and killing or damaging trees. A “ground fire” is usually started by lightning and burns on or below the forest floor in the humus layer down to the mineral soil. “Crown fires” spread rapidly by wind and move quickly by jumping along the tops of trees. Humans start about 90 percent of wildfires (cigarettes thrown from cars, burning of refuse, etc.); lightning starts the other 10 percent. 61 HAZARD PROFILE The extent of both urban and wildland fires in the planning area is major; fires can completely shut down facilities for at least two weeks and cause more than 25 percent of affected properties to be destroyed or incur major damage. The frequency of occurrence of urban and wildland fire events in the planning area is likely. Winter is the peak period for major urban fires and fire deaths. The wildland fire risk varies considerably by month. Warning time for urban and wildland fire events is minimal or none. HISTORY OF WILDFIRE IN THE PLANNING AREA Table 8-1 shows the number of voluntarily reported incidents by Precinct in Brazos County and participating entities during 2005 through 2017. It is likely that more fire incidents occurred during this timeframe that were not reported. Reporting is voluntary and thus not consistent. Table 8-1. Wildland Fire Incidents and Losses in the Planning Area, 2005-2017 (over 25 acres) Fire Dept. Name Date Type Acres Cause Agencies Responding Brazos County Pct. 4 VFD 10/6/2005 Wildfire 320 Debris burning 8 Brazos County Pct. 4 VFD 12/3/2005 Wildfire 375 Equipment use 6 Brazos Co. Dist. 2 VFD 12/24/2005 Wildfire 300 Miscellaneous 5 Brazos County Pct. 3 VFD 12/24/2005 Wildfire 500 Miscellaneous 7 Brazos Co. Dist. 2 VFD 1/3/2006 Wildfire 500 Incendiary 7 Brazos Co. Dist. 2 VFD 1/7/2006 Wildfire 300 Incendiary 7 Brazos Co. Dist. 2 VFD 2/27/2006 Wildfire 40 Debris burning 2 Brazos County Pct. 3 VFD 2/27/2006 Wildfire 30 Debris burning 2 Brazos Co. Dist. 2 VFD 3/31/2006 Wildfire 30 Debris burning 2 Brazos County Pct. 3 VFD 9/2/2006 Wildfire 148 Miscellaneous 3 South Brazos County FD 7/11/2008 Wildfire 25 Miscellaneous 5 Brazos County Pct. 3 VFD 7/11/2008 Wildfire 50 Debris burning 5 Brazos County Pct. 3 VFD 11/5/2008 Wildfire 25 Debris burning 6 62 Brazos County Pct. 3 VFD 12/7/2008 Wildfire 50 Debris burning 3 Brazos County Pct. 3 VFD 1/7/2009 Wildfire 35 Debris burning 3 Brazos County Pct. 3 VFD 1/21/2009 Wildfire 40 Debris burning 4 Brazos County Pct. 3 VFD 1/31/2009 Wildfire 145 Debris burning 3 Brazos County District 2 VFD 5/9/2011 Wildfire 100 Unknown 8 Brazos County District 2 VFD 11/04/2017 Wildfire 40 Debris burning 5 LOCATION OF HAZARDOUS AREAS There is no defined geographic hazard boundary for urban and wildland fires in the planning area. Due to the recent droughts of 2009 and 2011, along with the excessive heat of the summer months during those years, most people, buildings, critical facilities, infrastructure and lifelines are considered exposed to the urban and wildland fire hazard and could potentially affect the planning area. Figure 8-2 on the following page shows wildfire risk locations across Brazos County and the participating entities, as determined by the Texas Forest Service. The map represents the cumulative weights of (1) the risks associated with fuel complexes, (2) the risks associated with population, and (3) the weighted factors of population growth. These combined variables determine the following risk categories: Low risk: Areas are primarily those that have little population or population densities that are not located near or in a hazardous fuel complex. Moderate risk: Areas that may have a high population but are located near or in a moderate- or low-hazard fuel complex. Also, areas that have a low population but have significant growth located near or in a high-hazard fuel complex are included in this category. High risk: Areas that have a moderate population and a high growth rate and are located near or in a high- or moderate-hazard fuel complex. Very High risk: Areas that have high population numbers and moderate-to-high growth rates and are located near or in a high-hazard fuel complex area. 63 Figure 8-2. Areas at Risk to Wildfire in the Planning Area From Texas Wildfire Risk Assessment Summary Report for Brazos County (11/13/2017) 64 65 The majority of Texas A&M University campus is within the City of College Station; however, some portions are in the City of Bryan. Regardless, Texas A&M University falls under the category of “low” when considering the risk of wildfire. 66 67 This overall hazard rating by the Texas Forest Service is descriptive and not predictive, based on wide-ranging parameters. In most cases, the interface risk in a county will change based on the distribution of hazardous wildland fuels and population and growth within the county. Keeping this in mind, counties that have an overall low-hazard rating may have isolated areas within the county that are at high risk, just as counties identified as high risk may have isolated areas within the county that are at low risk. 68 A major component of the risk assessment was the relation of population and urban development to hazardous wildland fuels. To achieve a rating, the fuels model map for Texas was categorized in to fuel complexes that represented low, moderate and high hazard fuels. This correlation was developed under the direction of Karen Allender and the UWI division of the Texas Forest Service. Fuels were grouped by NFDRS and Anderson Fuel Model ratings and the resulting descriptors of low to high hazard were assigned. These descriptors were based on the fuel complexes potential for spread rates, heat output (BTUs) and duration of output, difficulty of control and potential for fire movement in the canopy of the vegetation. Fuels that had the highest potential for crowning, difficulty in control and heat output for duration posed the most hazards. Any structure is exposed to the urban fire risk. The wildland fire risk is a function of the following: the climate (patterns over time); fuel complexes (vegetation); topography (slope, aspect and elevation); human factors (structures and infrastructure). HISTORY OF FIRE Table 8-2 shows the number of voluntarily reported incidents and the total dollar losses by Brazos County and the participating entities. It is likely that more fire incidents occurred during this timeframe that were not reported. Reporting is voluntary and thus not consistent. Table 8-2. Urban Fire Incidents and Losses in the Planning Area, 1989-2017 County Incidents Total Dollar Loss ($) Brazos 4,272 14,570,651 PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK The urban fire hazard can occur throughout the entire planning area. Historically most urban fires have been in residential facilities. Table 8-3 below shows the total number of residential facilities by participating entity. Table 8-3. Total Number of Residential Facilities by Participating Entity Participating Entity Number of Residential Facilities City of Bryan 19,925 City of College Station 21,856 69 City of Kurten 112 City of Wixon Valley 59 Texas A&M University ~40 Unincorporated Brazos County 48,796 For a breakdown of residential types per entity, refer to Chapter/Section 5. The potential for wildland fires will be limited to the rural areas of the planning area. These areas are identified in Table 8-4 below: Table 8-4. Total Number of Facilities by Participating Entity Area (Sq Mi) Residential (Structures) Commercial/Industrial (Number of Facilities) Critical Infrastructure Kurten 4.60 112 10 Post Office/VFD/Church Unincorporated 490.49 48,796 3,357 BISD Campus off Mumford/VFDs/Churches/ Post Offices Wixon Valley 1.81 59 22 City Hall, Industrial Complex POTENTIAL DAMAGES AND LOSSES Table 8-3 shows potential annualized losses for Brazos County and the participating entities due to urban fire, which were calculated using the statistical risk assessment methodology. The general steps used in the statistical risk assessment methodology are; to compile data from local and national sources, clean up the data by removing duplication, identify patterns in frequency and vulnerability, extrapolate the statistical patterns, and produce meaningful results with the development of annualized loss estimates. Table 8-5. Potential Annualized Losses to Urban Fire in the Planning Area County Annualized Expected Property Losses ($) Brazos 1,553,605 70 SECTION 9: WINTER STORMS WHY WINTER STORMS ARE A THREAT A severe winter storm event includes a storm with snow, ice or freezing rain—all of which can cause significant problems for area residents. Winter storms that threaten Texas usually start out as powerful cold fronts that push south from central Canada. Most of the precipitation seen in the planning area from severe winter storms takes the form of ice or sleet. Freezing rain occurs when rain developing in a relatively warm (above freezing) layer of air falls through a layer of air that is below freezing (25-32° F). The rain is “supercooled” as it falls through the cold layer near the surface of the earth. When the supercooled but still liquid raindrops strike the ground or an object already below freezing, they freeze on contact. The resulting coating of ice is commonly known as glaze. A heavy accumulation of ice can topple power and telephone lines, television towers, and trees. Highways become impossible to travel on, and even stepping outdoors can be extremely risky. The severity of an ice storm and the amount of damage caused by the storm depends on the amount of rain and thus the amount of icing taking place, the strength of the wind, and whether or not the storm strikes an urban or rural area. Urban areas tend to suffer more damage than rural areas because of the concentration of utilities and transportation systems (aircraft, trains, buses, trucks, and cars), all of which may be affected to a great degree by the icing. HAZARD PROFILE The severity of impact of winter storms is generally minor. Winter storms can cause injuries and completely shut down facilities for more than one week, and cause more than ten percent of affected properties to be destroyed or suffer major damage. The extent of winter storms on the planning area can extend from something as minor as winter weather advisory’s or as major as freezing temperatures with sleet, snow and wind chill. The maximum extent of winter storms for Brazos County and participating entities include low temperatures below 32 degrees, freezing rain and sleet, and/or snow amounts up to 6-10 inches. The frequency of occurrence of winter storms in the planning area is unlikely. Warning time for winter storms is generally six to twelve hours. Table 10.1 shows the definitions for winter weather alerts. 71 Table 9-1. Winter Weather Alerts Winter weather advisory This alert may be issued for a variety of severe conditions. Weather advisories may be announced for snow, blowing or drifting snow, freezing drizzle, freezing rain, or a combination of weather events. Winter storm watch Severe winter weather conditions may affect your area (freezing rain, sleet or heavy snow may occur separately or in combination). Winter storm warning Severe winter weather conditions are imminent. Freezing rain or freezing drizzle Rain or drizzle is likely to freeze upon impact, resulting in a coating of ice glaze on roads and all other exposed objects. Sleet Small particles of ice, usually mixed with rain. If enough sleet accumulates on the ground, it makes travel hazardous. Blizzard warning Sustained wind speeds of at least 35 mph are accompanied by considerable falling or blowing snow. This alert is the most perilous winter storm with visibility dangerously restricted. Frost/freeze warning Below freezing temperatures are expected and may cause significant damage to plants, crops and fruit trees. Wind chill A strong wind combined with a temperature slightly below freezing can have the same chilling effect as a temperature nearly 50 degrees lower in a calm atmosphere. The combined cooling power of the wind and temperature on exposed flesh is called the wind-chill factor. HISTORY OF SEVERE WINTER STORMS Winter storm events that have occurred in the Planning Area from 1997 to 2017 are presented in Table 9-2, along with reported injuries, deaths and damages. 72 Table 9-2. Severe Winter Storms for the Planning Area, 1997–2017 Type Location Date Deaths Injuries Property Damage Crop Damage Winter storm (ice) County 01/12/1997 0 0 0 0 Winter Storm County 12/23/1998 0 0 75K 0 Winter storm (ice) County 12/13/2000 0 0 1.0M 0 Ice Storm County 12/07/2005 1 2 70K 0 Ice Storm County 1/16/2007 0 0 1K 0K Ice Storm County 2/04/2011 0 0 0K 0K Winter Storm County 2/04/2011 0 0 0K 0K Winter Weather (Ice) County 12/07/2013 0 0 0 0 Winter Weather (Ice) County 01/28/2014 0 0 0 0 Winter Weather (Ice) County 01/28/2014 0 0 0 0 Winter Weather (Ice) County 02/06/2014 0 0 50K 0 Winter Weather (Ice) County 03/02/2014 0 0 0 0 Winter Storm County 03/03/2014 0 0 0 0 Heavy Snow County 12/07/2017 0 0 0 0 PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK Winter storms usually impact large geographical areas; thus, all the population, buildings, critical facilities, infrastructure and lifelines, and hazardous materials facilities in the Planning Area are considered exposed to the hazard and could potentially be impacted. Winter storms impact large geographical areas of the planning area, thus the entire population, buildings, identified critical infrastructure, lifelines, and hazardous materials facilities are considered exposed to the hazard and could potentially be impacted. In the planning area, winter storms do not have a specific location. However, all participating entities are at risk and could be affected by this hazard. It is understood, however, that there are populations throughout the planning area that are more vulnerable than others. Information is provided in Chapter 5 – Hazards the Region Faces and What’s at Risk on the different populations found within the planning area. In analyzing the relative risks from hazards, potential losses and ability 73 to recover from losses, it is understood that the more vulnerable populations are those that are in the lower socio-economic levels. POTENTIAL DAMAGES AND LOSSES Table 9-3 presents annualized expected property losses due to winter storms in Brazos County and participating entities, which were calculated using the statistical risk assessment methodology. The general steps used in the statistical risk assessment methodology are; to compile data from local and national sources, clean up the data by removing duplication, identify patterns in frequency and vulnerability, extrapolate the statistical patterns, and produce meaningful results with the development of annualized loss estimates. Table 9-3. Potential Annualized Losses due to Winter Storms in the Planning Area County Annualized Expected Property Losses ($) Brazos 66,249 74 SECTION 10: TORNADOES WHY TORNADOES ARE A THREAT Tornadoes are unquestionably the most violent storms on the planet. A tornado is a violently rotating column of air extending between, and in contact with, a cloud and the surface of the earth. The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with wind speeds of 250 miles per hour or more. The most powerful tornadoes are spawned by “super-cell thunderstorms.” These storms are affected by horizontal wind shears (winds moving in different directions at different altitudes) that begin to rotate the storm. This horizontal rotation can be tilted vertically by violent updrafts, and the rotation radius can shrink, forming a vertical column of very quickly swirling air. This rotating air can eventually reach the ground, forming a tornado. Table 10-1. Enhanced Fujita Tornado Scale implemented February 1, 2007 EF-Scale Number Intensity Wind Speed (mph) Type of Damage Done EF0 Gale tornado 65-85 Some damage to chimneys; breaks branches off trees; pushes over shallow-rooted trees; damages sign boards. EF1 Moderate tornado 86-110 The lower limit is the beginning of hurricane wind speed; peels surface off roofs; mobile homes pushed off foundations or overturned; moving autos pushed off roads; attached garages may be destroyed. EF2 Significant tornado 111-135 Considerable damage. Roofs torn off frame houses; mobile homes demolished; boxcars pushed over; large trees snapped or uprooted; light object missiles generated. EF3 Severe tornado 136-165 Roof and some walls torn off well-constructed houses; trains overturned; most trees in forest uprooted. EF4 Devastating tornado 166-200 Well-constructed homes leveled; structures with weak foundations blown off some distance; cars thrown and large missiles generated. EF5 Incredible tornado Over 200 Strong frame houses lifted off foundations and carried considerable distances to disintegrate; automobile sized missiles flying through the air in excess of 100 meters; trees debarked; steel reinforced concrete badly damaged. The planning area is affected by frequent severe weather and thunderstorms. Thunderstorms form when warm, moist air collides with cooler, drier air. Since these masses tend to come 75 together during the transition from summer to winter, most thunderstorms occur during the spring and fall months. Severe thunderstorms can produce tornadoes, high winds, and hail— any of which can cause extensive property damage and loss of life. Tornadoes occasionally accompany tropical storms and hurricanes that move over land. Tornadoes are the most common to the right and ahead of the path of the storm center as it comes ashore. Tornadoes vary in terms of duration, wind speed and the toll that they take, as shown in Table 10-2. Table 10-2. Variations Among Tornadoes Weak Tornadoes Strong Tornadoes Violent Tornadoes 69% of all tornadoes Less than 5% of tornado deaths Lifetime 1-10+ minutes Winds less than 110 mph 29% of all tornadoes Nearly 30% of all tornado deaths May last 20 minutes or longer Winds 110 – 205 mph 2% of all tornadoes 70% of all tornado deaths Lifetime can exceed one hour Winds greater than 205 mph HAZARD PROFILE The impact of tornadoes can be substantial. They can cause multiple deaths, completely shut down facilities for thirty days or more, and cause more than fifty percent of affected properties to be destroyed or suffer major damage. The maximum extent of tornadoes that can affect Brazos County and the participating entities is an EF5, which according to the Enhanced Fujita Scale, would be an incredibly strong tornado with winds speeds over 200 miles per hour. While the frequency of occurrence of tornadoes in the planning area is less than 1% per year, millions of dollars of damage has occurred within the planning area. Seasonal patterns are relevant to tornadoes. Thunderstorms form when warm, moist air collides with cooler, drier air. Since these masses tend to come together during the transition from summer to winter, most thunderstorms and resulting tornadoes occur during the spring (March, April, May and June) and, at a lesser intensity, during the fall (September, October, and November). Warning time for tornadoes is minimal. 76 Figure 10-1. Occurrence of Texas Tornadoes, by Month 77 HISTORY OF TORNADOES Historical evidence, as reflected in Table 10-3, shows that most of the planning area is vulnerable to tornado activity. There is no defined hazard boundary for tornadoes. Since the Enhanced Fujita Scale was not implemented until 2007, the original Fujita Scale is included here to help understand the History of Tornado Events scale in Table 10-3. Table 10-3 identifies reported tornado events in the planning area, and Table 10-4 gives the total number of tornadoes in the Planning Area. Table 10-3. History of Tornado Events in the Planning Area as Reported to the National Weather Service, 01/01/1950 to 08/26/2017 Type Date Time Magnitude Death Injury Property Damage Crop Damage Tornado 12/2/1953 1530 F2 0 0 25K 0 Tornado 4/30/1954 0730 F2 0 0 0K 0 Tornado 4/5/1956 1515 F3 0 0 250K 0 Tornado 3/31/1957 1610 F0 0 0 3K 0 Tornado 5/20/1960 0615 F0 0 0 0K 0 Tornado 5/17/1965 1456 F0 0 0 0K 0 Tornado 2/10/1981 0245 F1 0 1 25K 0 78 Tornado 11/19/1983 0910 F2 0 0 2.5M 0 Tornado 4/27/1990 1758 F0 0 0 0K 0 Tornado 5/13/1994 1525 F0 0 0 0 0 Tornado 5/18/1995 0230 F0 0 0 60K 0 Tornado 5/18/1995 0230 F0 0 0 60K 0 Tornado 1/21/1998 1644 F0 0 0 35K 0 Tornado 10/17/1998 1540 F1 0 0 20K 0 Tornado 10/12/2001 1150 F1 0 0 60K 0 Tornado 12/23/2002 1120 F0 0 0 5K 0 Tornado 6/13/2003 1500 F0 0 0 1K 0 Tornado 10/5/2003 1705 F1 0 1 750K 0 Tornado 10/5/2003 1730 F0 0 0 3K 0 Tornado 2/24/2004 2110 F0 0 0 25K 0 Tornado 3/17/2004 0040 F0 0 0 3K 0 Tornado 5/13/2004 0545 F1 0 0 515K 0 Tornado 12/29/2006 1523 F1 0 3 2.8M 0K Tornado 4/28/2009 1441 F0 0 0 0K 0K Tornado 05/26/2016 1130 EF1 0 0 7M 0K Tornado 08/26/2017 0705 EF0 0 0 0M 0K Table 10-4. Overall Historical Impact of Tornadoes in the Planning Area County Number of events Maximum EF-Scale Brazos 26 EF3 79 PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK Tornadoes can occur throughout the entire planning area. Because it cannot be predicted where a tornado will touch down, almost all of the buildings and facilities in the Planning Area are considered to be vulnerable to tornadoes. Greater losses would be expected in areas where there is substandard housing. Infrastructure such as power poles and lines could be downed during a strong tornado. Critical facilities within the Planning Area that have back-up generators could continue to operate. It is understood, however, that there are populations throughout the planning area that are more vulnerable than others. Information is provided in Chapter 5 – Hazards the Region Faces and What’s at Risk on the different populations found within the planning area. In analyzing relative risks from tornadoes, potential losses and the ability to recover from losses, it is understood that the more vulnerable populations are those that are in the lower socio-economic levels. They are more likely to suffer greater losses due to damages to substandard housing. They may also lack resources, such as insurance, to recover from losses. Of note, mobile and manufactured homes are especially vulnerable to tornadoes. There are a total of 5,255 mobile or manufactured homes within the entire planning area, as of 2016 (2016 5-year ACS survey). POTENTIAL DAMAGES AND LOSSES Table 10-5 shows potential annualized expected property losses for the Planning Area, which were calculated using the statistical risk assessment methodology. The general steps used in the statistical risk assessment methodology are; to compile data from local and national sources, determine the average exposed value based on likely tornado intensity and path area, and calculate annualized loss estimates. Table 10-5. Potential Annualized Losses from Tornadoes in the Planning Area Jurisdiction Exposed Value Annualized Loss Annualized Loss Percentage Bryan $5,538,141,000.00 $3,488,846.54 0.06% College Station $9,316,285,000.00 $6,628,623.26 0.07% Kurten $13,621,000.00 $35,994.79 0.26% Wixon Valley $16,074,000.00 $107,952.79 0.67% Unincorporated $16,827,581,000.00 $420,384.81 0.00% 80 SECTION 11: HAIL WHY HAILSTORMS ARE A THREAT Large hail results in nearly $1 billion in damage annually to property and crops in the United States. Hail is made up of spherical balls of ice. It is a product of thunderstorms or intense showers. It is generally white and translucent, consisting of liquid or snow particles encased with layers of ice. Hail is formed within the high tops of a well-organized thunderstorm. An updraft will sometimes throw rain droplets high up into the tops of a cloud, where the temperature is well below freezing. The droplet freezes, then falls and can become caught in another updraft. This time, a second coating of ice is added, making the hail stone larger. This cycle continues until the hailstone is too heavy to be lifted again and falls to the ground as hail. The stronger the updraft, the longer the hail develops and the bigger the hailstone is when it falls. Hail is not to be confused with sleet, which consists of frozen raindrops that fall during winter storms. Hail can be smaller than a pea or as large as a softball and can be very destructive to plants, cars, homes, buildings and crops. The development and maturation of hailstones are very complex processes. Numerous factors impact the size of the hailstone including updraft strength, storm scale wind profile, height of the freezing level, and the mean temperature and relative humidity of downdraft air. The complexities of hail formation and sub-cloud processes make utilizing Doppler radar data to forecast the occurrence of large hail difficult. Verification of hail events is also important, but is a cumbersome process due to the limited temporal and spatial distribution of the event. Large hailstones fall at speeds faster than 100 mph. Large falling balls of ice can be very dangerous. Large hail can do significant damage to automobiles, windows, roofs, crops and animals. When caught in a hailstorm, it is important to seek shelter immediately. Pets and livestock are particularly vulnerable to hail, and should be brought into a shelter. HAZARD PROFILE Hailstorms are generally localized and their impact is considered limited since the injuries they cause are generally treatable with first aid, they shut down critical facilities and services for 24 hours or less, and less than ten percent of affected properties are destroyed or suffer major damage. Hail events in the planning area are likely. Most hailstorms occur during the spring (March, April and May) and the fall, during the month of September. Warning time for a hailstorm is generally minimal to no warning. The National Weather Service classifies a storm as severe if hail of ¾ of an inch in diameter (approximately the size of a penny) or greater is imminent based on radar intensities or observed by a spotter or other people. The extent of hail in the Planning Area can range from ¾ of an inch up to 1.75 inches. The frequency of occurrence of hail in planning area is approximately 2 incidents per year. 81 HISTORY OF HAILSTORMS Table 11-1 shows the historical hail events that hit the planning area. Historical hail events with hailstone size one inch or greater are listed in Table 12-1 below. Table 12-2 aggregates historical hail events by jurisdiction. Table 11-1. Overall Historical Hail Impact for Brazos County (National Climatic Data Center), 2005-2017 Location or County Date Tim e Type Magnitude Death Injury Property Damage Crop Damage Bryan 3/19/2005 5:50 PM Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 30K 0 Bryan 3/19/2005 6:02 PM Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 30K 0 College Station 3/19/2005 6:02 PM Hail 0.75 in. 0 0 4K 0 College Station 3/19/2005 6:08 PM Hail 0.88 in. 0 0 5K 0 College Station 3/19/2005 6:25 PM Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 30K 0 College Station 3/19/2005 6:35 PM Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 30K 0 Bryan 4/5/2005 8:45 PM Hail 0.75 in. 0 0 6K 0 College Station 10/31/2005 3:05 PM Hail 0.75 in. 0 0 2K 0 College Station 4/25/2006 11:30 PM Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 20K 0 Bryan 5/1/2007 16:06 PM Hail 0.88 in. 0 0 0K 0K Bryan Coulter Airport 4/4/2008 8:03 AM Hail 1.00 in. 0 0 1K 0K Bryan Coulter Airport 4/4/2008 8:29 AM Hail 1.25 in. 0 0 1K 0K College Station 7/19/2009 17:55 PM Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 5K 0K 82 College Station 7/19/2009 17:57 PM Hail 0.75 in. 0 0 0K 0K College Station 7/20/2009 18:25 PM Hail 1.00 in. 0 0 0K 0K College Station 8/12/2009 16:15 PM Hail 0.88 in. 0 0 0K 0K College Station 4/07/2010 16:58 PM Hail 0.75 in. 0 0 0K 0K College Station 2/03/2012 19:15 Hail 1.00 in 0 0 5K 0K College Station 2/03/2012 19:35 Hail 2.25 in 0 0 30K 0K College Station 12/09/2012 18:30 Hail .75 in 0 0 0K 0K College Station 05/09/2013 16:48 Hail 1.00 in 0 0 0K 0K Millican 05/09/2014 19:50 Hail 1.00 in 0 0 0K 0K Bryan 04/16/2015 16:09 Hail 1.50 in 0 0 0K 0K Bryan 04/19/2015 14:40 Hail .88 in 0 0 0K 0K Bryan 04/19/2015 15:02 Hail 1.00 in 0 0 0K 0K Bryan 03/27/2017 01:20 Hail 1.25 in 0 0 0K 0K Table 11-2. Overall Historical Hail Impact by County (National Climatic Data Center) County Number of Events Maximum Diameter (inches) Brazos 26 1.75 PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK Hail may impact large geographical areas of the planning area, thus the entire population, buildings, identified critical infrastructure, lifelines, and hazardous materials facilities are considered exposed to the hazard and could potentially be impacted. In the planning area, hail does not have a specific location. However, all participating entities are at risk and could be affected by this hazard. It is understood, however, that there are populations throughout the planning area that are more vulnerable than others. Information is provided in Chapter 5 – Hazards the Region Faces and What’s at Risk on the different populations found within the 83 planning area. In analyzing the relative risks from hazards, potential losses and ability to recover from losses, it is understood that the more vulnerable populations are those that are in the lower socio-economic levels. POTENTIAL DAMAGES AND LOSSES To estimate losses due to hail, PBS&J used NOAA historical hail loss data to develop a hail stochastic model. In this model: Losses were scaled to account for inflation; Average historic hail damageability was used to generate losses for historical hail events where losses were not reported; Expected annualized losses were calculated through a non-linear regression of historical data; and Probabilistic losses were scaled to account for would-be losses where no exposure/instrument was present at the time of the event. Table 11-3 shows potential annualized losses in the Planning Area. Table 11-3. Overall Historical Hail Impact for the Planning Area (National Climatic Data Center) County Annualized Expected Property Damage ($) Brazos 281, 565 84 SECTION 12: THUNDERSTORMS WHY THUNDERSTORMS ARE A THREAT A thunderstorm is defined as a storm of heavy rain accompanied by lightning, thunder, wind, and sometimes hail. Damaging winds are often called “straight-line” winds to differentiate the damage they cause from tornado damage. Strong thunderstorm winds can come from a number of different processes. Most thunderstorm winds that cause damage at the ground are a result of outflow generated by a thunderstorm downdraft. Damaging winds are classified as those exceeding 50- 60 mph. Damage from severe thunderstorm winds account for half of all severe reports in the lower 48 states and is more common than damage from tornadoes. Wind speeds can reach up to 100 mph and can produce a damage path extending for hundreds of miles. Since most thunderstorms produce some straight-line winds as a result of outflow generated by the thunderstorm downdraft, anyone living in thunderstorm-prone areas of the world is at risk for experiencing this hazard. People living in mobile homes are especially at risk for injury and death. Even anchored mobile homes can be seriously damaged when winds gust over 80 mph. Lightning is a massive electrostatic discharge between electrically charged regions within clouds, or between a cloud and the Earth’s surface. Thunderstorms occasionally accompany tropical storms and hurricanes that move over land which may produce damaging winds and dangerous lightning. HAZARD PROFILE Thunderstorms are generally localized events. The severity of impact of thunderstorms is considered to be limited since they generally result in injuries treatable with first aid, shut down critical facilities and services for 24 hours or less, and less than ten percent of affected properties are destroyed or suffer major damage. Most thunderstorms occur during the spring (March, April and May) and the fall, during the month of September. Warning time for thunderstorms is generally minimal to no warning. 85 The maximum extent of thunderstorm winds in the planning area can reach 78 knots. Some minor localized flooding may also occur if the thunderstorms bring substantial rain amounts. The frequency of occurrence of thunderstorms in the planning area is between 1 and 2 per year. HISTORY OF THUNDERSTORMS Table 12-1 gives aggregated historical thunderstorm information for the planning area. Historical thunderstorm events are detailed in Table 13-2. It is important to note that only thunderstorms that have been reported are recorded in these tables. It is likely that a higher number of occurrences have not been reported. Table 12-1. Thunderstorms in Brazos County, 2000-2017 http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms County Number of Events Brazos 23 Table 12-2. Thunderstorms in Brazos County, 2000-2017 Type Location or County Date Time Magnitude Death Injury Property Damage Crop Damage Thunderstorm Winds Brazos 02/10/2009 2325 52 kts. 0 0 8K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Kurten 03/31/2009 0445 50 kts. 0 0 3K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 05/03/2009 0454 55 kts. 0 0 2K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Kurten 05/03/2009 0454 55 kts. 0 0 2K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 05/03/2009 0500 55 kts. 0 0 5K 0 Thunderstorm Winds College Station 07/19/2009 1800 56 kts. 0 0 1K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 02/01/2011 0440 52 kts. 0 0 5K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 05/12/2001 1030 58 kts 0 0 0 0 86 Thunderstorm Winds Kurten 06/06/2011 1735 52 kts 0 0 1K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 08/24/2011 1829 52 kts 0 0 0 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 01/09/2012 0412 52 kts 0 0 3K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 01/25/2012 0715 50 kts 0 0 6K 0 Thunderstorm Winds College Station 01/25/2012 0724 55 kts 0 0 15K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 02/03/2012 1938 65 kts 0 0 5K 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 08/07/2012 1645 50 kts 0 0 0 0 Thunderstorm Wind College Station 10/13/2013 0158 52 kts 0 0 15K 0 Thunderstorm Wind Bryan 05/23/2015 2230 55 kts 0 0 0 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 08/25/2015 1115 55 kts 0 0 0 0 Thunderstorm Winds College Station 08/25/2015 1128 59 kts 0 0 0 0 Thunderstorm Winds Bryan 04/27/2016 0136 60 kts 0 0 0 0 Thunderstorm Winds College Station 04/27/2016 0140 60 kts 0 0 0 0 Thunderstorm Wind Edge 01/02/2017 0635 52 kts 0 0 0 0 Thunderstorm Wind Smetana 03/27/2017 0120 51 kts 0 0 0 1K Thunderstorm Wind Millican 05/21/2017 0008 60kts 0 0 0 0 Thunderstorm Wind Bryan 05/28/52017 1853 53kts 0 0 0 0 87 Thunderstorm Wind Smetana 05/28/2017 1853 52kts 0 0 0 0 Table 12-3. Lightning in Brazos County, 2000-2017 Type Location or County Date Time Magnitude Death Injury Property Damage Crop Damage Lightning Bryan 7/8/2009 1515 0 2 0 0 Lightning College Station 5/15/2010 445 0 0 2000 0 Lightning College Station 6/9/2010 855 0 0 5000 0 Lightning College Station 5/12/2011 1030 0 0 5000 0 Lightning Wellborn 5/12/2011 1400 0 0 5000 0 Lightning Bryan 5/27/2014 2305 0 0 35000 0 Lightning College Station 4/11/2017 1030 0 0 300 0 PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK Thunderstorms impact large geographical areas of the planning area, thus the entire population, buildings, identified critical infrastructure, lifelines, and hazardous materials facilities are considered exposed to the hazard and could potentially be impacted. In the planning area, thunderstorms do not have a specific location. However, all participating entities are at risk and could be affected by this hazard. It is understood, however, that there are populations throughout the planning area that are more vulnerable than others. Information is provided in Chapter 5 – Hazards the Region Faces and What’s at Risk on the different populations found within the planning area. In analyzing the relative risks from hazards, potential losses and ability to recover from losses, it is understood that the more vulnerable populations are those that are in the lower socio-economic levels. 88 SECTION 13: DAM FAILURE WHY DAM FAILURE IS A THREAT Dams are water storage, control, or diversion barriers that impound water upstream in reservoirs. Dams provide many benefits and are an important part of our public works infrastructure. They are built for a variety of reasons, including maintenance of lake levels, flood control, power production, and water supply. Although dams have many benefits, the risk that a dam could fail still exists. Dams can pose a risk to communities if not designed, operated and maintained properly. Dam failure is a collapse or breach in the structure. While most dams have storage volumes small enough that failures have little or no repercussions, dams with large storage amounts can cause significant flooding downstream. Dam failures can result from any one or a combination of the following causes: Prolonged periods of rainfall and flooding, which cause most failures; Inadequate spillway capacity, resulting in excess overtopping flows; Internal erosion caused by embankment or foundation leakage or piping; Improper maintenance, including failure to remove trees, repair internal problems, or maintain gates, valves, and other operational components; Improper design, such as use of improper construction materials; Failure of upstream dams in the same drainage basin; Landslides into reservoirs, which cause surges that result in overtopping; High winds, which can cause significant wave action and result in substantial erosion; Earthquakes, which typically cause longitudinal cracks at the tops of the embankments, leading to structural failure. The nation’s infrastructure of dams is aging. Old age and neglect can intensify vulnerability to these same influences. Furthermore, the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, have brought an increased focus on infrastructure protection nationwide, including the safety of dams. Dam failures may result in the quick release of all the water in the lake. In the event of a dam failure, the energy of the water stored behind the dam is capable of causing rapid and unexpected flooding downstream, resulting in loss of life and great property damage downstream of the dam. HAZARD PROFILE The frequency of occurrence of a major dam failure in the planning area is a highly unlikely event. If a major dam should fail, however, the severity of impact could be substantial. It could 89 cause multiple deaths, completely shut down facilities for thirty days or more, and cause more than fifty percent of affected properties to be destroyed or severely damaged. The extent of a major dam failure in our planning area is that several thousand gallons of water could be released at a sudden and unexpected rate. Over 2,000 people could be affected, 700 buildings could be flooded and several million dollars in damages could occur. A flooding-related dam failure would most likely occur in months when floods are most likely -- during the spring (April, May and June) and fall (October, November, and December). Warning time for dam failure, or the potential speed of onset, varies with the causes but is estimated to be three to six hours. There are about 80,000 dams in the United States today. Catastrophic dam failures have occurred frequently throughout the past century. Between 1918 and 1958, 33 major dam failures in the United States caused 1,680 deaths—an average of 42 deaths a year. According to information from damsafety.org and damfailures.org, there were sixty-six major dam failures worldwide from 1959 - 2018. There have been 3 dam failures in the planning area – Leisure Lake in 2009, Bryan Utilities Lake in 2016, and Clifty Creek Lake (spillway breech) in 2017. PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK High-hazard-potential dams are those at which failure or misoperation would probably cause loss of human life. Significant-hazard-potential dams are those at which failure or misoperation probably would not result in loss of human life but could cause economic loss, environmental damage, disruption of lifeline facilities, or other significant damage. Significant-hazard-potential dams often are located in predominantly rural or agricultural areas but could be located in populated areas having significant infrastructure. Low-hazard-potential dams are those at which failure or misoperation probably would not result in loss of human life but might cause limited economic and/or environmental losses. Losses would be limited mainly to the owner’s property. Table 13-1. Dam Failure Hazard-Potential Classifications, FEMA Hazard Potential Classification Loss of Human Life Economic, Environmental, and Lifeline Losses Low None expected Low and generally limited to owner Significant None expected Some local damages High Probable. One or more expected Yes (but not necessary for this classification) Low hazard dams pose no threat to the communities participating in this plan, and thus, will not be profiled further. Significant hazard dams do pose some threat to property damage and high hazard dams, pose a threat to human life as well as property damage for the participating entities and are profiled in this plan. 90 LOCATION OF HAZARDOUS AREAS Figure 13-1 shows the location of dams in planning area. Detailed maps of dam failure inundation areas are not currently available for all dams. This is noted as a data deficiency and a hydrology study to address this data deficiency is included for Brazos County in the list of mitigation projects for 2019-2024. It is assumed that dam breaks happen most likely at the time of maximum capacity of the lake and that the location of the released water would inundate a downstream quarter-circle buffer proportional to the maximum capacity of the dam to represent the maximum impact area. 91 Table 13-2. Summary Status of Dams in Brazos County County High Significant Low Undetermined Total Brazos 7 5 26 0 38 Legislation was passed on September of 2013 allowed for some dams to be designated as exempt if they met all of the following five criteria: Privately owned Less than 500 acre foot maximum capacity Located in a county with population of less than 350,000 (per 2010 census) Located outside the city limits Low or significant hazard rating While owners are still required to do maintenance on those dams, TCEQ is not required to do the every 5 year inspection on those dams. For those dams that are non-exempt (see Table 13- 3), the owners must continue the maintenance of the dams, schedule inspections every 5 years with TCEQ, and if they are high and significant hazard dams, they must also produce an emergency action plan. As part of the emergency action plan, the owners need to do a tabletop exercise every five years and submit an annual update or a letter stating there were no updates necessary. Table 13-3. High and Significant/Exempt and Non-ExemptDams in Brazos County Dam Name Exemption Status Latitude/Longitude Dam Height (Ft.) Maximum Storage (acre feet) Normal Storage (acre feet) Has Available Data BRYAN UTILITIES LAKE DAM Non-Exempt 30.710067 / - 96.453721 59 20763 13647 Data Deficient CARTER LAKE DAM Non-Exempt 30.594992 / - 96.248677 32 2196 481 Data Deficient COUNTRY CLUB LAKE DAM Non-Exempt 30.639827 / - 96.358982 10 128 42 Yes 92 CSISD AT ANDERSON ST DETENTION STRUCTURE NO 3 Non-Exempt 30.613940 / - 96.327372 11.7 9 0 Data Deficient FIN- FEATHER LAKE DAM Non-Exempt 30.649868 / - 96.371041 16.1 300 156 Data Deficient LAKE ARAPAHO DAM Non-Exempt 30.510553 / - 96.250460 37 924 436 Data Deficient LEISURE LAKE DAM Non-Exempt 30.633847 / - 96.411916 25 322 175 Data Deficient NANTUCKET DAM Non-Exempt 30.543651 / - 96.243367 20 428 140 Data Deficient OAKLAND LAKE DAM Non-Exempt 30.776483 / - 96.235630 32 550 272 Data Deficient TAMU DETENTION DAM NO 8 Non-Exempt 30.621050 / - 96.333642 8.2 140 0 Yes THOUSAND OAKS DAM NO 11 Non-Exempt 30.544471 / - 96.231595 22 120 58 Data Deficient TERRY LAKE Exempt 30.6211 / -96.334 17.5 21 18 Data Deficient POTENTIAL DAMAGES AND LOSSES Tables 13-4 & 5 show the risk to people and buildings of failure of Country Club Lake (Figure 13-2) and TAMU Detention Dam #8 (Figure 13-3), respectively. It was assumed that dam breaks happen most likely at the time of maximum capacity and that a downstream quarter-circle buffer proportional to the maximum capacity of dams represents the maximum impact area. 93 Figure 13-2. Country Club Lake Table 13-4. Exposure of People and Buildings to Country Club Lake Parcels Value Structures Value Population Residential 54 $4,904,587 44 $4,624,447 ~180 Commercial 40 $12,358,400 36 $12,211,670 Additionally, Villa Maria and College Avenue are highly trafficked roadways. So, there could be numerous motorists within the inundation area depending on the time of day. 94 Figure 13-3. TAMU Detention Dam #8 Table 13-5. Exposure of People and Buildings toTAMU Detention Dam #8 Parcels Value Structures Value Population Residential 73 $20,926,630 66 $19,451,270 769 Commercial 19 $48,037,109 18 $44,322,719 Rural Land – not defined 1 $1,020,000 Additionally, Texas Avenue and George Bush Drive are highly trafficked roadways. So, there could be numerous motorists within the inundation area depending on the time of day. Vulnerabilities and impacts can not be determined for the other dams due to data deficiencies. 95 SECTION 14: EXCESSIVE HEAT WHY EXCESSIVE HEAT IS A THREAT Texas is known for its long hot summers. These conditions can pose problems for those not accustomed to the climate or who are outside for prolonged periods of time. Excessive heat is defined as temperatures that hover 10 degrees or more above the high average temperature for a particular region and last for several weeks. Excessive heat can pose a threat even to individuals and communities that are accustomed to high temperatures. Heat disorders can occur when victims are overexposed to heat or have over-exercised for their age and physical condition. Heat kills by pushing the body beyond its limits. Under normal conditions an internal thermostat produces perspiration that evaporates and cools the body. In excessive heat and high humidity, however, evaporation is slowed, and the body must work extra hard to maintain a normal temperature. Excessive heat kills more people nationally than any other natural disaster. According to the Center for Climatic Research at the University of Delaware, an average of 1,500 American city dwellers die every year from the effects of excessive heat. Elderly residents, young children, those who are overweight, and people suffering from serious illnesses are especially prone to heat-related problems. Excessive heat disorders include sunburn, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke. Heat stroke is a severe medical emergency. Table 14-1. Urban Heat Deaths City Duration of heat wave Heat-related deaths % Increase in deaths over norm Chicago 7 days in 1995 739 147 New York 7 days in 1972 891 62 Los Angeles 9 days in 1955 946 122 Kansas City 1 month in 1980 236 65 St. Louis 1 month in 1980 308 57 HAZARD PROFILE Excessive heat waves usually come on subtly, raising summer temperatures higher than normal, leaving casualties in their wake. Excessive heat can have a major impact, causing multiple 96 deaths, but sparing property. With excessive heat, there is little physical destruction, although roads can buckle, trains derail, and livestock die. The frequency of occurrence of excessive heat in the Planning Area is likely. There are seasonal patterns to excessive heat waves, with an event most likely to occur in the summer months. Warning time is long with a slow speed of onset. Excessive heat can also cause utility outages due to an increased demand for electricity. Utility outages can severely cripple a city’s ability to provide services. Facilities can become inoperable and have to be closed without power or water. Local warning systems that may be utilized for excessive heat events include local television and radio stations and the Internet. HISTORY OF EXCESSIVE HEAT IN THE PLANNING AREA There have been no reported excessive heat events in the planning area from 01/01/1950 to present. Source: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov LOCATION OF HAZARDOUS AREAS The entire planning area is subject to excessive heat. PEOPLE AND PROPERTY AT RISK The entire population of the planning area is at risk from excessive heat, but those at highest risk are the poor, the elderly, those who live alone, and those who lack access to transportation and air-conditioning. People living in urban areas may be at greater risk from the effects of a prolonged heat wave than people living in rural regions. An increased health problem can occur when stagnant atmospheric conditions trap pollutants in urban areas, thus adding contaminants to excessively hot temperatures. Excessive heat generally affects people rather than property. The extent of excessive heat in the planning area can be temperatures above 100 degrees for several days or weeks in a row. During the summer of 2011, temperatures above 100 degrees were recorded for over 30 days in the planning area. Based on the Heat Index Chart, the extent of excessive heat in Brazos County can be placed in the Danger Range when the conditions are present of high temperatures and high relative humidity. 97 Source: https://www.weather.gov/safety/heat-index POTENTIAL DAMAGES AND LOSSES Potential dollar loss estimates for excessive heat are not available. The potential impact of excessive heat on Brazos County is the possible deaths of the poor, the elderly, those who live alone, and those who lack access to transportation and air conditioning. 98 SECTION 15: PREVIOUS MITIGATION ACTIONS FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY PROGRAMS The effectiveness of previously implemented hazard mitigation measures was examined as part of the hazard mitigation planning process. The effectiveness of each previously implemented mitigation program was evaluated based on its effect on overall risk to life and property, ease of implementation and political and community support. A total of five Presidential and five Small Business Administration Disaster Declarations have been issued since 1965 for Brazos County and participating entities, paving the way for assistance by the Federal Emergency Management Agency and other federal agencies. FEMA’s Individual Assistance Program helps disaster victims to secure temporary housing, low-interest loans, unemployment assistance, and legal aid; makes grants to low-income individuals; conducts crisis counseling; and assists victims with income tax, Social Security, and veteran’s benefits issues. “Public Assistance” is aid to state or local governments and certain private non-profit entities to pay part of the approved costs (generally 75 percent) of rebuilding a community’s damaged infrastructure. Public assistance may include debris removal; emergency protective measures; repair, replacement, or restoration of damaged public property; loans needed by communities to restore essential government functions; and grants for public schools. Through the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP), FEMA has financially helped the state to permanently reduce or eliminate future damages and losses due to natural hazards. HMGP funds promote safer building practices that improve existing structures and supporting infrastructure. The HMGP currently provides post-disaster funds, which can be used anywhere in the state, equal to 7.5 percent of obligations for individual and public assistance. Grants are for planning and projects, including acquisition of real property, relocation and demolition of structures, seismic retrofitting, strengthening of existing structures, initial implementation of vegetative management programs, elevation of residential structures, elevation or dry flood- proofing of non-residential structures, and other activities that bring a structure into compliance with the floodplain management requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program. A review of the state’s HMGP records reveals no hazard mitigation projects conducted within the BVCOG jurisdictions. There were also no Project Impact, Pre-Disaster Mitigation, or Hurricane Property Protection Mitigation Projects. PREVIOUS PLANNING EFFORTS All participating entities in the planning area have performed numerous planning activities. As shown in Table 15-1, Brazos County has received Emergency Management Performance Grants (EMPG) from FEMA. These grants are intended to help develop comprehensive, all-hazards emergency management and improve local capabilities for emergency planning, preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery. Assistance includes grant funding covering 13 key 99 functional areas, including laws and authorities; hazard identification and risk assessment; hazard management; resource management; planning; direction, control, and coordination; communications and warning; operations and procedures; logistics and facilities; training; exercises; public education and information; and finance and administration. The previous hazard mitigation action plans have been utilized in the updating of our Interjurisdictional Emergency Management Plan and associated annexes, the threat and risk assessment (THIRA), drainage and stormwater plans, and flood mitigation plans. Brazos County and participating entities have undertaken previous planning efforts that have complemented the region-wide planning conducted during the development of this Hazard Mitigation Action Plan. These other related planning efforts include development of hazard analyses, Annex P, comprehensive plans, capital improvement plans, drainage and stormwater plans, long-range growth plans and flood mitigation plans. Table 15-1 details these previous planning efforts. Table 15-1. Previous Planning Efforts for Brazos County and participating entities Participating Entities Received EM Grant Funds? Y(es), N(o) Planning Documents Completed for State Department of Emergency Management Other Planning Efforts Undertaken (list) Basic Plan Annexes* All participating entities are covered under one plan (Brazos County, City of College Station, City of Bryan, City of Kurten, City of Wixon Valley, Texas A&M University) Y Y All * Annexes Annex A Warning Annex B Communications Annex C Shelter and Mass Care Annex D Radiological Protection Annex E Evacuation Annex F Firefighting Annex G Law Enforcement Annex H Health and Medical Services Annex I Public Information Annex J Recovery 100 Annex K Public Works and Engineering Annex L Utilities Annex M Resource Management Annex N Direction and Control Annex O Human Services Annex P Hazard Mitigation Annex Q Hazardous Materials and Oil Spill Response Annex R Search and Rescue Annex S Transportation Annex T Donations Management Annex U Legal Annex V Terrorist Incident Response Texas A&M University is largely located within College Station city limits within Brazos County, Texas. Because Texas A&M University is a state entity, it is subject to code regulations that are required by the State of Texas. The university has staff that includes emergency management, police, environmental health & safety, facilities, and engineers that meet regularly to discuss safety, security, and mitigation action items for current and future buildings. In the event of an opportunity to apply for a hazard mitigation grant key people from each department would be assigned, creating a team to manage the hazard mitigation project. The assigned department, in conjunction with emergency management, would be the lead department on each respective hazard mitigation projects. Texas A&M University would consult with the City of College Station and/or Brazos County if beneficial or if necessary. The planning team reviewed existing regulatory capabilities and opportunities for establishing new capabilities and enhancing existing ones. All jurisdicitons can improve their capabilities by: budgeting for mitigation actions and support, passing policies and procedures to implement mitigation actions, adopting and implementing stricter building regulations, approving the hiring and training of staff for mitigation activities, and approving mitigation action updates and additions to existing plans as new needs are recognized. BUILDING AND FIRE CODES Building codes are laws, ordinances, or government regulations that set forth standards and requirements for the construction, maintenance, operation, occupancy, use, or appearance of buildings, premises, and dwelling units. Building codes are an effective way to ensure that development is built to withstand natural hazards. Building codes apply primarily to new construction. Adherence to existing building codes and standards is essential to maintain public safety and promote an effective local mitigation program—so much so that the insurance industry has moved to rate communities according to their ability to enforce the building code and by the qualifications and training of their staff. There are four principal types of building codes, promulgated by various code organizations: 101 Uniform Building Code, promulgated by the International Conference of Building officials (ICBO), National Building Code, promulgated by the Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), Standard Building Code, promulgated by the Southern Building Code Congress, International (SBCCI), and International Building Codes, promulgated by the International Code Council (ICC). The building codes are periodically reviewed by the respective organizations and revised, as appropriate, when new requirements and materials are introduced. In the past, local governments have adopted these codes either in their entirety or as amended to adapt them to their local conditions. Legislation passed by the Texas Legislature in 2001, however, now requires communities to adopt the International Building Code. Table 15-2 shows the effective date of each jurisdiction’s building code, the name of the code, the type of code on which it is based, and whether any amendments have been made. 102 Table 15-2. Building Codes Jurisdiction Current Building Code Effective Date Name Type Amend- ments made (Y /N) UBC NBC SBC IBC Other Brazos County September 2009 2003 International Residential Code and 2002 National Electrical Code N City of College Station December 2009 International Building Codes X Y City of Bryan October 2010 and June 2011 International Building Codes X Y FIRE CODES Fire codes are laws, ordinances, or government regulations that set forth standards and requirements for the construction, maintenance, operation, occupancy, use, or appearance of buildings, premises, and dwelling units in order to prevent damage and loss of life from fire hazards. There are three principal types of fire codes, promulgated by various code organizations. They are: Uniform Fire Code (UFC), published by the International Fire Code Institute, International Fire Code (IFC), published by the International Code Council, and Standard Fire Code (SFC), published by the SBCC. The fire codes are periodically reviewed and revised by the relevant organizations, as appropriate, when new requirements and materials are introduced. Local governments have adopted these codes either in their entirety or amended them as appropriate to their local conditions. Table 15-3 shows the effective date of each jurisdiction’s fire code, the name of the code, the type of code on which it is based, and whether any amendments have been made. 103 Table 15-3. Fire Codes for Brazos County and Participating Entities Jurisdiction Current Fire Code Effective Date Name Type UFC IFC SFC Other Brazos County N/A City of College Station December 2009 International Fire Code X City of Bryan November 9, 2010 International Fire Code X INSPECTION AND PERMITTING PROCESSES Adherence to existing building and fire codes and standards is essential to maintaining public safety and promoting an effective local mitigation program. New buildings can fail in a disaster if builders or inspectors do not adequately observe the code. Studies of the damage caused by Hurricane Andrew in 1992 attributed one-quarter of the storm’s total damages to “shoddy workmanship and poor enforcement of building codes.” Well-trained inspectors are more likely to recognize building practices that are suspect with regard to hazard resilience than are poorly trained or untrained inspectors. Training is critical to the inspection and permitting process. Table 15-4 shows the number of building inspectors and their average years of experience in each jurisdiction and, of those, the number certified. It also shows the number of building starts and inspections conducted in the last twelve months. Table 15-4. Building Inspections and Permitting Jurisdiction Number of: Building Inspectors (FTEs) Inspectors Certified Yrs. Experience (Average) Building Starts (last 12 months) Inspections (last 12 months) Brazos County N/A College Station 6 6 5 782 11,067 Bryan 5 5 11 700 17,094 104 A vigorous fire inspection process and well-trained inspectors are critical to saving lives and property from fire hazards. It also gives the number certified and number having received the Texas State Certification course. BUILDING CODE EFFECTIVENESS GRADING SCHEDULES AND FIRE RATINGS The Insurance Services Office maintains Building Code Effectiveness Grading (BCEG) ratings and Public Protection Classification (PPC) ratings. The latter gauge the capacity of the local fire department to respond if flames engulf a property. PPC ratings are recorded for each individual street address in Texas. There are 10 classes of ratings in BCEG schedule. Class 1 is the best rating, i.e., strongest program of building code enforcement, and 10 is the lowest rating. The date identified is the date of the rating by ISO. This rating applies to all structures built after that date and can lead to lower insurance rates. Table 15-5. Community Mitigation Classifications Community PPC Fire Grading Classification BCEGS (Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule) for Personal Property (Single Family Dwelling) BCEGS (Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule) for Commercial Property Date of Rating Bryan 2 03 03 2017 College Station 3 04 04 2002 FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT ORDINANCES Table 15-6 below describes the floodplain management ordinances currently in use in the planning area, while Table 15-7 provides information regarding floodplain administration. This includes the number of: people on the administrator’s staff; certified managers; inspections in the past month; and variances. 105 Table 15-6. Floodplain Management Ordinances in Brazos County Jurisdiction Current Flood Ordinance Effective Date Description Brazos County May 2012 Each newly built or installed structure requires permit; structures not in floodplain receive exemption; structures in floodplain must be at least one foot above BFE and have special septic system; enforced by spot inspections. College Station November 2009 All work in or near floodplains is required to obtain a Drainage Development Permit. Applications are reviewed for effects to surrounding areas, as well as meeting requirements for publicly maintained drainage facilities. Bryan November 2010 All work in or near floodplains is required to obtain a Drainage Development Permit. Applications are reviewed for effects to surrounding areas, as well as meeting requirements for publicly maintained drainage facilities. Wixon Valley May 2012 Each newly built or installed structure in a floodplain requires a permit; structures not in a floodplain receive an exemption; structures in a floodplain must be at or above BFE. Table 15-7. Jurisdictional Floodplain Administration Process Jurisdiction Number of: Floodplain administration professional staff Certified floodplain managers Average years of experience of professional staff Inspections in last twelve months Floodplain variances in last twelve months Brazos County 3 3 15 Not Applicable 0 College Station 2 2 10 40 0 Bryan 3 7 15 144 0 Wixon Valley 1 0 0 Not Applicable 0 FEMA COMMUNITY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM INVOLVEMENT The Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Community Assistance Program (CAP) is a product-oriented financial assistance program directly related to the flood loss reduction 106 objectives of the NFIP. States and communities that are participating in the NFIP are eligible for this assistance. The CAP is intended to identify, prevent, and resolve floodplain management issues in participating communities before they develop into problems requiring enforcement action. The program involves Community Assistance Contacts (CACs) and Community Assistance Visits (CAVs). During CACs and CAVs, officials discuss current local ordinances, the number of floodplain insurance policies in the community, floodplain administration, permitting, and annexation issues. Table 15-8 shows the dates of CACs and CAVs according to FEMA records. Table 15-8. Community Assistance Contacts and Community Assistance Visits from FEMA, 2004 - 2018 Jurisdiction CAC CAV Brazos County 05/14/2018 12/03/2015 11/03/2014 06/27/2012 02/20/2012 07/07/2008 05/22/2007 05/02/2007 02/20/2004 None Bryan 07/15/2014 02/22/2012 08/09/2011 07/09/2008 06/22/2006 5/14/2004 11/18/2013 College Station 10/27/2014 02/20/2012 07/09/2008 07/11/2006 07/27/2016 08/18/2008 Wixon Valley 11/03/2014 02/22/2012 07/07/2008 None Kurten 02/20/2012 07/07/2008 None 107 PREVIOUS ACTION ITEMS The following items submitted from the previous 2012 plan have been addressed. Projects - 2012 -2017 Jurisdiction Mitigation Action 2012 - 2017 Completed? If not, why not? Brazos County Enhance the County's ring- down notification system and increase public education in the role of 2-1-1. Project is on- going A new emergency notification system (ENS) was implemented in 2017 with plans to further upgrade the system in 2018. Brazos County Enhance Emergency Alert System (EAS) and expand capability to other counties in the region to activate EAS. Project is was not completed and will not be carried forward Work on the project was ceased due to lack of technical expertise and loss of institutional knowledge need to expand the system into other counties in the region. Brazos County Place NOAA weather radios in existing critical facilities such as churches, schools, and high population buildings. Project is not complete Lack of funding 108 Brazos County Increase public awareness of flood hazards, as related to continued NFIP compliance. Many NWS campaigns, such as "Turn around, don't drown" have increased awareness of these dangers. On the local level, we will broadcast public awareness spots on local government channels and local network television if funds are available. Also, the Floodplain Administrator's Office distributes public awareness material to the public on a limited basis. Project is on- going Project is on-going Brazos County Purchase generators to power existing emergency communications. Two BVWACS tower sites do not have back-up generators but do currently have battery back- up power systems. We plan for all sites to eventually have a generator. Project is not complete Lack of funding Brazos County Back-up power generators for existing critical facilities. Assess and install "quick- connect for emergency generator hook-ups at critical facilities. The EOC and the Courthouse Administration Building now have (partial) back-up power generators and the County has purchased (4) large generators for use at critical facilities as needed. Project is on- going Purchase and installation of generator for the Brazos Center planned for 2018. 109 Brazos County Eliminate burning of hazardous materials and/or non- hazardous materials. Project is on- going Brazos County Sheriff's Office has created a position for an environmental enforcement. This individual works to educate the citizens about how to handle hazardous materials and the laws that dictate guidelines for outdoor burning. Brazos County Identify possible funding for the purchase of thermal energy scanners, floating pumps, and eight new electronic defibrillators. Some VFDs have been equipped with thermal scanners and all have been equipped with electronic defibrillators. Not completed using hazard mitigation funds. The VFDs were able to purchase this equipment either with money own budgets or by using Texas A&M Forest Service grants. Brazos County Partner with Texas Forest Service (TFS) and their Firewise program to develop public awareness information and Public Service Announcements about fire risks and steps that homeowners can take to protect themselves and their existing homes against fire, including wildfires. Project is on- going 110 Brazos County Create a data layer of FEMA repetitive loss claims for our web GIS. This will help the County prioritize the purchase of existing repetitive loss properties throughout the County, and possibly prevent new structures from being built in the flood hazard area. Project is on- going Brazos County Provide "fan drives" for people in the County who do not have the means to keep themselves cool. Project not completed. Utilize 2-1-1 to provide information regarding availability of fans through local non- for- profits for individuals that need them and provide information on places for individuals to go if they need to escape the heat. Brazos County Determine the flood inundation areas for Bryan Utilities Lake and acquire structures located in the identified hazard area. Project not completed. Lack of funding. Brazos Valley COG Stand-by Electric Generator for the existing COG Building. Yes; action completed. Generator has been in service for over four years and tested on a routine bases. 111 Brazos Valley COG Purchase and install new individual safe rooms throughout the County. Yes; action completed. BVCOG managed a regional Individual Safe Room grant. The grant closed December 6, 2014. Only 36 citizens took advantage of the grant. City of Bryan Implement a new Records Management System for the Fire and Police Departments. Fire Department completed, Police Department on-going City of Bryan Improve EOC software so that all governmental agencies can communicate better. On-going City of Bryan Create a map showing low water crossings in the City of Bryan. The results of the flood mapping will be used to determine which low water crossings should be eliminated first with the building of a bridge with 404 Mitigation Funds. Mapping completed (although continuously updated). Results used to prioritize bridge replacements City of Bryan Improve new shelter capabilities. On-going 112 City of Bryan Provide "cooling center" for people in the City who do not have the means to keep themselves cool during periods of excessive heat. On-going, continually working with College Station and Brazos County utilizing GIS to coordinate “shelters” that could be used in times of excessive heat City of Bryan Purchase NOAA Radios. No The advent of technology has made weather radios more accessible to a wide range of residents. No funding at this time City of Bryan Obtain updated low level aerial photography and topographic mapping within the city limits and ETJ. Completed, on-going City of Bryan Perform detailed studies of areas prone to flooding to determine the most cost effective means to reduce potential loss. The flood studies will be used to prevent new buildings from being built in the flood hazard area, and studies will be used to determine which existing Repetitive Loss properties should be purchased first. Completed, on-going 113 City of Bryan Purchase or elevate existing properties subject to repetitive loss or severe repetitive floodplain losses. On-going, received HMGP grant to purchase 4 (with 1 alternate) SRL properties City of Bryan Replace drainage culverts identified in Stormwater Master Plan to improve their efficiency. This will also have a positive effect on new buildings. Completed, on-going City of Bryan As related to continued compliance with the NFIP, install paired rain and stream gauge units with the major watersheds of the City of Bryan to better calibrate rainfall and flooding projections. This will result in more accurate Base Flood Elevations (BFE), which in turn will allow for new buildings to be built higher above the floodplain. No Annual maintenance too costly. Water Services installed rain gauges to monitor infiltration/inflows, data is being used to monitor/calibrate hydrologic and hydraulic models. City of Bryan This Project was listed under City of College Station. These dams are not in City of College Station - this project should be on City of Bryan's list. Determine the flood inundation areas for Country Club Lake and Finfeather Lake and acquire structures located in the identified hazard area. Partially completed, emergency action plan has been completed for Country Club Lake Finfeather Lake will be removed since it is not in the City’s control. Acquisition of structures located in the hazard area is unlikely to occur. City of College Station Offer tree pruning education classes to the public to reduce debris caused by limbs failing due to excessive snow or ice. Project is on- going 114 City of College Station Increase public awareness of the effects of hail and mitigation activities that can lessen damage. Project is on- going City of College Station Purchase existing flood-prone properties to remove structures subject to chronic flooding and to facilitate stream restoration project in the Wolf Pen Creek basin. Project is not complete Funding is not available to purchase the property or properties and the/one of the owners is unwilling to sell. City of College Station Mitigate existing structures with Repetitive Loss flood insurance claims by either elevating them above the base flood elevation, or purchase and demolish them to remove them from the floodplain. Project is not complete Funding is not available City of College Station Purchase existing flood-prone properties, remove structures subject to chronic flooding, and construct a regional flood control/detention pond project in the Bee Creek basin. Project is 90% complete 1 homeowner is unwilling to sell City of College Station Educate and purchase NOAA weather radios for the citizens of College Station. Project is complete City of College Station Maintain/enhance public education programs regarding fire dangers for identified risk areas and population groups. Enhance fire hydrant maintenance program. Provide adequate/required- staffing levels. Provide optimum resource distribution. Project is complete 115 City of College Station Improve outdated Emergency Operations Center technological capabilities for monitoring, recording, and responding to disasters. Project is complete City of College Station Implement a water conservation program. Project is complete City of College Station Create a hurricane hazard information center to better inform the public. Continue to recruit and certify shelter facilities. Project is on- going City of Kurten Public education and awareness about floods, droughts, excessive heat, and tornadoes Project is on- going City of Kurten To buyout, relocate or elevate any existing repetitive loss flood properties located within the floodplain. No such properties known to exist in the city limits City of Kurten Purchase and install a generator on the existing City of Kurten Municipal Building. Project not completed No funding City of Wixon Valley Public education and awareness about floods, droughts, excessive heat, and tornadoes Project is on- going City of Wixon Valley To buyout, relocate or elevate any existing repetitive loss flood properties located within the floodplain. No such properties known to exist in the city limits City of Wixon Valley Purchase and install a generator on the existing City of Wixon Valley Municipal Building. Project is on- going 116 SECTION 16: MITIGATION ACTIONS NEW PROJECTS 2019-2024 Jurisdictions All participating entities (Brazos County; Cities of Bryan, College Station, Kurten, and Wixon Valley; and TAMU) Action: Develop an annual public workshop or expo for all residents to educate them on all the hazards, NFIP, and develop methods to mitigate damage to personal properties from all the hazards. Additionally, educate residents about the need for and creation of preparedness kits. Hazard Flood, Drought, Wildfire, Winter Storm, Tornadoes, Hail, Thunderstorms, Dam Failure and Excessive Heat Priority High Estimated Cost $2,000 Responsible Organization All participating entities Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds and corporate donations Jurisdictions All participating entities (Brazos County; Cities of Bryan, College Station, Kurten, and Wixon Valley; and TAMU) Action: Purchase generators for critical facilities Hazard Flood, Drought, Wildfire, Winter Storm, Tornadoes, Hail, Thunderstorms, Dam Failure and Excessive Heat Priority High Estimated Cost Up to $150,000 per generator Responsible Organization All participating entities Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Grant and General Funds 117 Jurisdictions All participating entities (Brazos County; Cities of College Station, Kurten, and Wixon Valley; and TAMU) Action: Build, renovate, rehabilitate or convert a building or buildings for use as emergency shelters for individuals and families. Hazard Flood, Wildfire, Winter Storm, Tornadoes, Hail, Thunderstorms, Dam Failure and Excessive Heat Priority Medium Estimated Cost $1million Responsible Organization Brazos County Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources Grant monies and general funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Create 2D “rain on mesh” model to better identify flooding hazards outside of riverine areas (local flooding hazards) Hazard Flood Priority Medium Estimated Cost $100k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Drainage and general funds Jurisdictions Brazos County Action: Do a hydrology study of the watersheds that exist in Brazos County that contribute to flooding during heavy rain incidents Hazard Flood Priority Medium Estimated Cost $25,000 Responsible Organization Brazos County Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Grant monies and general funds 118 Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Create a map showing low water crossings in the City of Bryan. The results of the flood mapping will be used to prioritize low water crossing replacements/improvements Hazard Flood Priority High Estimated Cost $10k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2020 Funding Sources Drainage and general funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Perform detailed studies of areas prone to flooding to determine the most cost effective means to reduce potential loss. The flood studies will be used to prevent new buildings from being built in the flood hazard area. Hazard Flood Priority Medium Estimated Cost $250k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Drainage and general funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Purchase or elevate existing properties subject to repetitive loss or severe repetitive losses Hazard Flood Priority Medium Estimated Cost $7M Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Drainage and general funds 119 Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Replace drainage culverts identified in the Stormwater Master Plan to improve efficiency. Hazard Flood Priority Medium Estimated Cost $5M Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Drainage and general funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Improve flood risk assessment Hazard Flood Priority Medium Estimated Cost $50k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions Texas A&M University Action: Design and construct detention ponds to control runoff of rainwater from Texas A&M University property. Hazard Flood Priority Medium Estimated Cost $12M Responsible Organization Texas A&M University Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Grand and local funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Continue to enforce building codes and STP’s Hazard Flood Priority High Estimated Cost $6k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2020 Funding Sources General funds 120 Jurisdictions City of Kurten Action: Join the National Flood Insurance Program so residents can be eligible for flood insurance Hazard Flood Priority High Estimated Cost N/A Responsible Organization City of Kurten Target Completion Date High Funding Sources N/A Jurisdictions City of Wixon Valley Action: Include space for a Shelter in the new City Hall Hazard Flood Priority High Estimated Cost $3M Responsible Organization City of Wixon Valley Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Grant and general funds Jurisdictions All participating entities (Brazos County; Cities of Bryan, College Station, Kurten, and Wixon Valley; and TAMU) Action: Create a series of PSA’s/outreach for topics such as Burn Bans, foundation watering how to’s, water conservation in times of drought Hazard Drought Priority High Estimated Cost $1k Responsible Organization All participating entities Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds 121 Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Aquifer storage & recovery (ASR) Hazard Drought Priority High Estimated Cost $24M Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources SWIFT Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Monitor water supply Hazard Drought Priority Medium Estimated Cost $5k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Educate residents on water saving techniques Hazard Drought Priority Medium Estimated Cost $5k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions Texas A&M University Action: Incorporate drought tolerant practices into landscaping of current and new open spaces to reduce dependence on irrigation Hazard Drought Priority Medium Estimated Cost $500k Responsible Organization Texas A&M University Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources Grant and local funds 122 Jurisdictions Brazos County, Cities of Kurten and Wixon Valley Action: Develop wildfire plan for the unincorporated areas of Brazos County, to include cities of Kurten and Wixon Valley Hazard Urban & Wildfires Priority High Estimated Cost $1k Responsible Organization Brazos County, Cities of Kurten and Wixon Valley Target Completion Date 2020 Funding Sources Grant Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Obtain updated low level aerial photography and topographic maps within the city limits and ETJ. Imagery can be used to delineate areas susceptible to urban/wildland fire hazards Hazard Urban & Wildfires Priority High Estimated Cost $250k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Update/maintain wildfire plan Hazard Urban & Wildfires Priority High Estimated Cost $5k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources Grant funds 123 Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Work with Red Cross to initiate a smoke alarm program. Hazard Urban & Wildfires Priority High Estimated Cost $2k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2020 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Map and assess vulnerability to wildfire Hazard Urban & Wildfires Priority Medium Estimated Cost $5k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Increase wildfire risk awareness Hazard Urban & Wildfires Priority Medium Estimated Cost $3k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions Texas A&M University Action: Continue to enhance and improve the fire inspection program Hazard Urban & Wildfires Priority Medium Estimated Cost $45k Responsible Organization Texas A&M University Target Completion Date 2022 Funding Sources General funds 124 Jurisdictions City of Wixon Valley Action: Purchase and install flag pole and burn ban warning flags. Hazard Urban & Wildfires Priority High Estimated Cost $1,500 Responsible Organization City of Wixon Valley Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of Wixon Valley Action: Install/expand City of Wixon Valley hydrant coverage. Hazard Urban & Wildfires Priority Medium Estimated Cost $15k Responsible Organization City of Wixon Valley Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Create an SOP for winter storm events including roadway safety, power outages, etc. Hazard Winter Storm Priority High Estimated Cost $10k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds 125 Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Maintain weather condition information on the city’s website, including closures, safety tips, etc. Hazard Winter Storm Priority High Estimated Cost $50k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Conduct winter weather risk awareness activities. Hazard Winter Storm Priority Medium Estimated Cost $1k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Assist vulnerable populations Hazard Winter Storm Priority Medium Estimated Cost $1k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2020 Funding Sources General funds 126 Jurisdictions Texas A&M University Action: Planning for and maintaining adequate road/sidewalk and debris clearing capabilities Hazard Winter Storm Priority Medium Estimated Cost $10k Responsible Organization Texas A&M University Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Maintain hazardous weather condition information on the city’s website and PSA’s, including closures, safety tips, etc. Hazard Tornado Priority High Estimated Cost $50k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Create PSA’s, procedures to provide residents regarding cleanup/permit requirements after events, and choosing contractors Hazard Tornado Priority High Estimated Cost $10k Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General funds 127 Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Encourage construction of safety rooms Hazard Tornado Priority Medium Estimated Cost $1k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources Grant and general funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Conduct tornado awareness activities Hazard Tornado Priority Medium Estimated Cost $1k Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions Texas A&M University Action: Enhance building emergency plans to include “areas of refuge” Hazard Tornado, hailstorms, thunderstorms (to include lightning and wind storms) Priority Medium Estimated Cost $45,500 Responsible Organization Texas A&M University Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources General funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Maintain hazardous weather condition information on the city's website and PSA's, including closures, safety tips, etc. Hazard Hail Storms Priority High Estimated Cost $50,000 Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General Funds 128 Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Create PSA's, procedures to provide to residents regarding cleanup/permit requirements after events, and choosing contractors Hazard Hail Storms Priority High Estimated Cost Less than $10,000 Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Locate safe rooms to minimize damage Hazard Hail Storms Priority Medium Estimated Cost $1,000 Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Increase hail awareness Hazard Hail Storms Priority Medium Estimated Cost $1,000 Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources General Funds 129 Jurisdictions City of Kurten Action: Create mailouts and/or social media messages that provide information to residents regarding the use of weather radios, teach residents about the dangers of lightning and safety precautions to take when severe weather and lightning threatens Hazard Hail Storms Priority High Estimated Cost $250 Responsible Organization City of Kurten Target Completion Date 2020 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Maintain hazardous weather condition information on the city's website and PSA's, including closures, safety tips, etc. Hazard Thunderstorms (to include lightning and wind storms) Priority High Estimated Cost $50,000 Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Install lightning detectors in areas where there may be significant numbers of residents congregating outside (pools, parks, etc.) Hazard Thunderstorms (to include lightning and wind storms) Priority High Estimated Cost $150,000 Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Grants 130 Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Create/maintain tree trimming program (BTU) Hazard Thunderstorms (to include lightning and wind storms) Priority High Estimated Cost $2 million Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources Enterprise Funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Conduct lightning awareness programs. Hazard Thunderstorms (to include lightning and wind storms) Priority Medium Estimated Cost $1,000 Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources Grants Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Create and mail lightning safety brochures with COCS water bills. Hazard Thunderstorms (to include lightning and wind storms) Priority Medium Estimated Cost $2,500 Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion 2021 131 Date Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions City of Kurten Action: Create mailouts and/or social media messages that provide information to residents regarding the use of weather radios, teach residents about the dangers of thunderstorms and safety precautions to take when severe weather threatens. Hazard Thunderstorms (to include lightning and wind storms) Benefits Priority High Estimated Cost $250 Responsible Organization City of Kurten Target Completion Date 2020 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions City of Wixon Valley Action: Install surge & strike reduction rods/system in the new City Hall. Hazard Thunderstorms (to include lightning and wind storms) Priority High Estimated Cost $10,000 Responsible Organization City of Wixon Valley Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources General and Grant Funds Jurisdictions Brazos County, Bryan, College Station Action: Conduct hydrology studies to identify the extent for each dam on the list for 132 which there is no current information. The extent will be stated in the form of water depth in the inundation area for each dam. This project is to address data deficiencies identified in Section 13 Hazard Dam Failure (and levee failure) Priority Medium Estimated Cost $50,000 Responsible Organization Brazos County Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources Grant monies Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Maintain/update Emergency Action Plans for Country Club Lake and Lake Bryan Hazard Dam Failure (and levee failure) Priority Medium Estimated Cost $100,000 Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2020 Funding Sources Drainage/General Funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Update development regulations within the hazard areas identified with the EAP's. Hazard Dam Failure (and levee failure) Priority Medium Estimated Cost Less than $10,000 Responsible Organization City of Bryan Target Completion Date 2020 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Conduct a study estimating economic consequences for dam failure scenarios. 133 Hazard Dam Failure (and levee failure) Priority Medium Estimated Cost $40,000 Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources Grants Funds Jurisdictions City of College Station Action: Conduct a study estimating loss of life for dam sector for dam failure scenarios. Hazard Dam Failure (and levee failure) Priority Medium Estimated Cost $40,000 Responsible Organization City of College Station Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources Grants Funds Jurisdictions Texas A&M University Action: Enhance routine dam maintenance to include vegetation evaluation and removal (as appropriate) annually. Hazard Dam Failure (and levee failure) Priority Medium Estimated Cost $10,000 Responsible Organization Texas A&M University Target Completion Date 2021 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions All participating entities (Brazos County, Cities of Bryan, College Station, Kurten, Wixon Valley, and TAMU) Action: Provide information to the public on where they can go to stay cool during periods of excessive heat Hazard Excessive Heat Priority High Estimated Cost $1,500 Responsible Organization All participating entities 134 Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions All participating entities (Brazos County, Cities of Bryan, College Station, Kurten, Wixon Valley, and TAMU) Action: Educate vulnerable populations about sources of fans and sources of programs that can assist citizens having trouble paying utility bills. Hazard Excessive Heat Priority High Estimated Cost $1,500 Responsible Organization All participating entities Target Completion Date 2019 Funding Sources General Funds Jurisdictions City of Bryan Action: Study and quantify possible urban heat island effects in Bryan and subsequently assess a possible need for a mitigation program. Hazard Excessive Heat Priority Low Estimated Cost $200,000 Responsible Organization All participating entities Target Completion Date 2023 Funding Sources Grants and General Funds 135 SECTION 17: PLAN IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES IMPLEMENTATION This section discusses how this Hazard Mitigation Plan will be implemented by Brazos County and the participating entities listed in this plan. It also addresses how the plan will be evaluated and improved over time and how the public will continue to be involved in the hazard mitigation planning process. Brazos County and participating entities will be responsible for implementing its own mitigation action plans contained in Section 17. Each action has been assigned to a specific person or local government office that is responsible for implementing it. The governing bodies of each participating jurisdiction have adopted the mitigation action plan for their jurisdictions. Copies of the governing body resolutions are contained in Appendix E. A funding source has been listed for each identified action. This source may be used when the jurisdiction begins to seek funds to implement the action. An implementation time period or a specific implementation date also has been assigned to each action as an incentive for seeing the action through to completion and to gauge whether actions are timely implemented. Participating jurisdictions will integrate implementation of their mitigation action plans with other, existing planning mechanisms such as capital improvement plans, long range growth plans, master stormwater and drainage plans, and regional planning efforts. Jurisdictions will ensure that the actions contained in the mitigation action plans are reflected in these other planning efforts. These other planning efforts will be used to advance the mitigation strategies of the jurisdictions. Each participating entity will conduct periodic reviews of their comprehensive and land use plans and policies and analyze the need for any amendments in light of the approved hazard mitigation plan. Participating entities will ensure that comprehensive or capital improvement planning in the future will also be integrated into this hazard mitigation plan to reduce the long- term risk to life and property from all hazards. Within one year of formal adoption of the hazard mitigation plan, existing planning mechanisms will be reviewed by each participating entities and incorporated into the plan, as necessary. The process to be used to integrate any plans into this mitigation plan will be for the local jurisdictions to amend their portion of the mitigation plan by including any action items from other planning mechanisms that are relevant to mitigation. Likewise, any mitigation actions that are relevant to comprehensive planning will be incorporated from the mitigation plan into those comprehensive plans. Upon formal adoption of the plan, hazard mitigation team members from each jurisdiction will review all comprehensive land use plans, capital improvement plans, transportation plans, and any building codes to guide and control development. The hazard mitigation team members will work to integrate the hazard mitigation strategies into these other plans and codes. Each jurisdiction will conduct periodic reviews of their comprehensive and land use plans and policies 136 and analyze the need for any amendments in light of the approved hazard mitigation plan. Participating jurisdictions will ensure that capital improvement planning in the future will also contribute to the goals of this hazard mitigation plan to reduce the long-term risk to life and property from all hazards. Within one year of formal adoption of the hazard mitigation plan, existing planning mechanisms will be reviewed by each jurisdiction. EVALUATION AND ENHANCEMENT Periodic revisions and updates of the plan are required to ensure that the goals, objectives, and mitigation action plans for the Brazos County and participating entities are kept current. More importantly, revisions may be necessary to ensure that the plan is in full compliance with federal regulations and state statutes. This portion of the plan outlines the procedures for completing such revisions and updates. Monitoring and Five-Year Plan Review and Update The Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan will be monitored and evaluated for any updates, input and planning for the next revision due in the year 2024. Brazos County Emergency Management and City of Bryan Emergency Management will coordinate the monitoring and maintenance of the 2019 through 2024 plan, including all four elements and serve as the plan contacts. The Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Team (BCHMT) will be notified of the status of the plan upon approval. On the third Thursday in April of 2020 and 2021, a request for updates will be sent to the BCHMT along with any updates that have been added to the plan during the last three years. This will be followed up with a meeting two weeks later to review the planning process and review the plan. The plan contacts will work with the TDEM Hazard Mitigation Section Staff to keep up to date on requirements and will attend any appropriate training needed. January of 2022, the plan contacts will arrange and hold a Hazard Mitigation Team Meeting and continue the process to evaluate, update and submit the new HMP as required for approval through the State of Texas and FEMA. This will allow plenty of time for proper involvement from the HMPT, all stakeholders and the public as outlined in our plan and sufficient time to have the plan revised and approved before the expiration date occurs in 2024. Hazard mitigation team members from each jurisdiction (see Appendix C) are responsible for continual monitoring those components of the hazard mitigation plan that pertains to their entity on an annual basis. As part of the monitoring process, team members will assess any changes in risk; determine whether implementation of mitigation actions is on schedule or if there are any implementation problems, such as technical, political, legal or coordination issues; and reflect changes in land development or programs that affect mitigation priorities or actions. This mitigation action plan will be formally reviewed and updated every five years to determine whether significant changes may have occurred in Brazos County and participating entities that could affect the plan. Increased development, increased exposure to certain hazards, the development of new mitigation capabilities or techniques, and revisions to federal or state legislation are examples of changes that may affect the currency of the plan. Criteria to be included in the evaluation will include, at a minimum: 137 · The goals and objectives address current and expected conditions; · The nature, magnitude, and/or type of risks has changed; · The current resources are appropriate for implementing the plan; · There are implementation problems, such as technical, political, legal, or coordination issues with other agencies; · The outcomes have occurred as expected; and, · The agencies and other partners participated as originally proposed. The review also will give community officials an opportunity to evaluate successful actions and to explore the possibility of documenting losses avoided because of actions taken. The plan also will need to be revised to reflect lessons learned following a disaster declaration or to address specific circumstances arising from changing conditions surrounding disaster events. As part of the plan review process, participating jurisdictions will be asked to review each goal and objective to determine their continued relevance; review the risk assessment portion of the plan to determine if the information should be updated or modified; report on the status of each of their mitigation actions; report on which implementation processes worked well, any difficulties encountered, how coordination efforts are proceeding, and which mitigation actions should be revised; and evaluate the effectiveness of their mitigation action plans and recommend changes or amendments. As part of the five-year plan update, depending upon resource availability, a review will be undertaken of development trends in each jurisdiction and vulnerability. Also as part of the five- year plan update, depending upon resource availability, a review will be undertaken for each hazard of the type and number of existing and future buildings, infrastructure and critical facilities within each hazard area, and an estimate will be undertaken of the vulnerability of critical facilities and infrastructure in terms of potential dollar losses from each hazard. Also depending upon resource availability, land uses and development trends will also be re- examined, including the types of development occurring, location, expected intensity, and pace by land use for each jurisdiction. This will help complete and improve future vulnerability assessment efforts. Based on the analysis, a summary of vulnerability will be provided for participating jurisdictions below the county level. Plan Amendments and Updates At any time, minor technical changes may be made to the plan to keep it up to date. However, any changes to the mitigation actions or major changes in the overall direction of the plan or the policies contained within it must be subject to formal adoption by the participating jurisdictions. After initial adoption, any amendment to the mitigation action plan contained in Section 18 must also be approved by the governing body of the participating city or county for inclusion in an amended plan. 138 At the end of the comment period, the proposed amendment and all comments will be forwarded to the governing body of the proposing jurisdiction for consideration. If no comments are received from the reviewing parties within the specified review period, this will also be noted. The governing body will then review the proposed amendment and comments received, and vote to accept, reject, or amend the proposed change. The public will have an opportunity to provide input during the governing body meeting at which the request is considered. Upon ratification, the amendment will be included in the plan and forwarded to the Texas Division of Emergency Management. In determining whether to recommend approval or denial of a plan amendment request, the following factors will be considered: · Errors or omissions made in the identification of issues or needs during the preparation of the plan; · New issues or needs that were not adequately addressed in the plan; · Changes in information, data, or assumptions from those on which the plan was based. CONTINUED PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT Public input was an integral part of the preparation of this plan and will continue to be essential as the plan grows and changes. As with any officially adopted plan or ordinance, a significant change to this plan shall require an opportunity for the public to make its views known. This Hazard Mitigation Action Plan will be posted continuously on the website of the Brazos County Department of Emergency Management, where the public is invited to provide ongoing feedback. The public will be notified that the plan is available on the website and social media through the participating entities. For more information, contact the CEOC at 979-821-1000. 139 APPENDIX A: ACRONYMS AL Annualized Loss ALR Annualized Loss Ratio BCEG Building Code Effectiveness Grading BCEGS Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule BOCA Building Officials and Code Administrators BTU British Thermal Unit BVCOG Brazos Valley Council of Governments CAC Community Assistance Contact CAP Community Assistance Program CAV Community Assistance Visit CDBG Community Development Block Grant CERT Community Emergency Response Team CFS Cubic feet per second CHER-CAP Comprehensive Hazardous Materials Emergency Response – Capability Assessment Program CHEMTREC Chemical Transportation Emergency Center COG Council of Governments COOP Continuity of Operations Plan COPS Community Oriented Police Services CTP Cooperating Technical Partner DEM Texas Division of Emergency Management DFIRM Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map DOD Department of Defense EAS Emergency Alert System 140 EM Emergency Management EMP Emergency Management Plan EMPG Emergency Management Performance Grants EMS Emergency Medical Services EO Emergency Operations EOC Emergency Operations Center EP Exceeding Probability EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Maps GIS Geographic Information System HAZUS Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Hazards U.S. HMT Hazard Mitigation Team IFC International Fire Code ISO International Organization for Standardization NFDS National Fire Danger Rating System NFIP National Flood Insurance Program NHC National Hurricane Center NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PPC Public Protection Classification SFC Standard Fire Code TEEX Texas Engineering Extension Service UFC Uniform Fire Code USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers USDA United States Department of Agriculture 141 APPENDIX B: PUBLIC SURVEY RESULTS (2017) Introduction: The public survey collects information from the citizens of Brazos County and the participating entities on their knowledge of local natural hazards. One goal of the survey is to gauge impacts to the citizens of the planning area from previous natural disasters. Another purpose of this survey is to provide information to the citizens about local hazards and convey strategies to reduce loss of life and property from future disasters. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) requires community involvement in the creation of a hazard mitigation plan to: · Increase education and awareness around threats, hazards, and vulnerabilities; · Build partnerships for risk reduction involving government, organizations, businesses, and the public; · Identify long-term, broadly-supported strategies for risk reduction; · Align risk reduction with other state, tribal, or community objectives; · Identify implementation approaches that focus resources on the greatest risks and vulnerabilities; and · Communicate priorities to potential sources of funding. The ‘Public Survey for the Brazos County and Participating Entities Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – 2017’ (Community Survey) was designed for citizens to share their opinions and participate in the mitigation planning process. Responses to the Community Survey give emergency managers, hazard mitigation planning committee members, and elected officials a snap shot of information about the survey respondents and their concerns as well as provide an opportunity to compare this information to Brazos County and participating entities as a whole. Community involvement in the Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update is a requirement for a FEMA approved-hazard mitigation plan. A FEMA-approved hazard mitigation plan enables Brazos County and participating entities to receive certain types of non-emergency disaster assistance. This funding is used to complete hazard mitigation projects to reduce the loss of life and property and reduce the impacts of disasters within the planning area. 142 Information to be collected: The Community Survey includes questions to gather information on public perception of hazard risks within the Brazos County and participating entities. Other questions in the survey aim to identify previous citizen experiences from disaster impacts. Brazos County and participating entities officials requested that a particular focus be given to floods and flooding hazards. Officials also requested information on how citizens receive warnings regarding severe weather events. In regard to these requests, the survey included questions directed at collecting these types of data from the respondents. Basic information, such as the respondent’s zip code and simple demographics, was collected to help officials better understand who was received the survey. Officials will then better understand which populations are underrepresented or missing from the survey responses. As a result, future distribution channels and methods of data collection will have an opportunity for improvement and encourage a greater and more diverse sample of the population of the planning area. Development of the survey instrument: In order to develop the survey instrument, several activities were undertaken. First, examples of past hazard mitigation survey instruments were collected from a variety of sources including Galveston, Texas, San Leandro, California, and Fort Bend County, Texas. Once the initial draft was developed the survey was distributed to emergency managers and other city and county officials for review and comments. Two separate meetings were held with emergency managers and officials to review the survey and make revisions. Concern with the difference between perceived risk by the public and the actual risk to the public was expressed by the survey developers therefore, questions to help understand this paradigm were created and included in the survey. The thought behind this was, for example, to identify respondents that might not perceive flooding as a risk yet they reside in a flood zone. Consequently, these findings would be used to target areas within the County where officials will provide public education on actual local risks and deliver information about achievable mitigation strategies aimed to help reduce the loss of life and property from future disasters. Questions were designed to help guide the respondent in giving comprehensive answers yet stay within measurable bounds. This was done in an effort to help quantify the various responses and later visualize the percentages of the answers given. By providing charts and graphs depicting survey responses, officials and the public will have the opportunity to quickly assess where they stand on perceived risks and recognize what actual risks exist within the County. The visuals also aid in identifying areas within the County where public outreach will be directed and where additional mitigation strategies need to be applied. The survey as distributed to the public follows on the next 11 pages. 143 Page 1 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 144 Page 2 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 145 Page 3 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 146 Page 4 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 147 Page 5 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 148 Page 6 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 149 Page 7 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 150 Page 8 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 151 Page 9 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 152 Page 10 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 153 Page 11 – Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – Community Survey 154 How the Survey was conducted: Survey Distribution The Community Survey was distributed to the citizens of Brazos County and participating entities through a variety of means including paper copies distributed at public meetings and events, in public locations such as libraries and City Halls, and digitally through an online form available by hyperlink located on publically-accessible websites. This hyperlink to the online survey was also sent via email to Brazos County employees and employees of the City of Bryan and the City of College Station. The table below indicates the form of distribution used throughout the planning area. County-wide Brazos County City of Bryan City of College Station Texas A&M University Paper Copies at Public Locations x Paper Copies at Public Meetings x Paper Copies at Public Events x Digital Copy via Website x x x x Digital Copy via Email x x x x A digital copy of the survey was available by following the hyperlink - https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/BCHMPUpdate from either an email sent to a city or county employee or by visiting one of the websites listed below: - brazosceoc.org - www.cstx.gov - www.bryantx.gov - www.tamu.edu Survey Data Entry Responses to the survey submitted via digital means (hyperlinks available on websites and through email) were captured and recorded through the SurveyMonkey website (www.surveymonkey.com). Responses to the survey submitted via printed means were entered into the digital format of the survey and added to the SurveyMonkey website totals. By the closing date of the survey there were a total of 653 responses (digital and print combined) which were recorded and saved for analysis. Survey results for questions 1 through 15 are detailed on the following pages. 155 Community Survey Results: 1. How concerned are you about your area being impacted by a natural disaster? Concern about being affected by a natural disaster? Frequency Percent Cumulative Not Concerned 128 19.72% 19.72% Somewhat Concerned 419 64.56% 84.28% Extremely Concerned 102 15.72% 100.00% Total 649 100.00% 156 2. Have you ever experienced a natural disaster? Have you ever experienced a natural disaster? Frequency Percent Cumulative No 265 40.58% 40.58% Yes 388 59.42% 100.00% Total 653 100.00% 157 3. Which of the following natural hazard(s) have you experienced while living in Brazos County that have resulted in structural damage, personal displacement, loss of utility services for more than 24 hours, or other issues? Respondents were asked to indicate which of the following natural hazards they have “experienced” – with quite detail examples of experience, to frame their answers. The responses were simple yes (1) or no (0) answers. So, if a mean or average is calculated, that indicates the proportion of respondents experiencing a particular natural hazard. The following table rank orders the responses, indicating the most likely to least likely natural hazards experienced by the respondents to this survey. Natural Hazard Percent Wind or Thunder Storm 29.1% Hail 28.3% Drought 25.7% Flooding 24.3% Extreme Heat 22.4% Tornado 20.4% Lightning 19.6% Hurricane 14.5% Winter Storm 13.9% Expansive Soils 9.6% Urban Wildfire 2.0% Dam Failure .3% Please see chart of results on following page. 158 As can be seen from the chart below, the highest proportion of nearly 30% reported having experienced a wind/thunder storm, 28.3% hail, 25.7% drought, etc. Dam failure was the hazard least experienced by the respondents at .3%. 159 4. Do you rent or own the place where you live? Do you own or rent the place where you live? Frequency Percent Cumulative Own 600 91.88% 91.88% Rent 48 7.35% 99.23% Other 5 0.77% 100.00% Total 653 100.00% 160 5. Please select the housing type that best describes your dwelling. Type of Home Frequency Percent Cumulative Single Family 601 92.18% 92.18% Duplex 5 0.77% 92.94% Apartment 12 1.84% 94.79% Condo/Townhome 9 1.38% 96.17% Manufactured Home 25 3.83% 100.00% Total 652 100.00% Tenure by Ownership: Do you own or rent the place where you live? Type of Home Own Rent Other Total Single Family 574 22 5 601 Row Percentage 95.51% 3.66% 0.83% 100.00% Column Percentage 95.83% 45.83% 100.00% 92.18% Duplex 1 4 0 5 Row Percentage 20.00% 80.00% 0.00% 100.00% Column Percentage 0.17% 8.33% 0.00% 0.77% Apartment 0 12 0 12 Row Percentage 0.00% 100.00% 0.00% 100.00% Column Percentage 0.00% 25.00% 0.00% 1.84% Condo/Townhome 5 4 0 9 Row Percentage 55.56% 44.44% 0.00% 100.00% Column Percentage 0.83% 8.33% 0.00% 1.38% Manufactured Home 19 6 0 25 Row Percentage 76.00% 24.00% 0.00% 100.00% Column Percentage 3.17% 12.50% 0.00% 3.83% Total 599 48 5 652 91.87% 7.36% 0.77% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 161 6. Is your home in a floodplain? Floodplains are areas that are vulnerable to flooding and are identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Is your home located in a floodplain? Frequency Percent Cumulative Not Sure 87 13.36 13.36 No, not in a floodplain 527 80.95 94.32 Yes, in a floodplain 37 5.68 100.00 Total 651 100.00 162 7. Do you have flood insurance? Flood insurance is not included in a standard home owner's insurance policy/renter's insurance policy and must be purchased separately. Do you have flood insurance? Frequency Percentage Cumulative Not Sure 49 7.55% 7.55% No Flood Insurance 512 78.89% 86.44% Yes, I have Flood Insurance 88 13.56% 100.00% Total 649 100.00% 7.1 Flood insurance by owning and renting: This table suggests that both renters and homeowners that responded to the survey are carrying flood insurance. Do you own or rent the place where you live? Do you have flood insurance? Own Rent Other Total Not Sure 41 7 1 49 % 6.88% 14.58% 20.00% 7.55% No Flood Insurance 477 31 4 512 % 80.03% 64.58% 80.00% 78.89% Yes, I have Flood Insurance 78 10 0 88 % 13.09% 20.83% 0.00% 13.56% Total 596 48 5 649 % 100% 100% 100% 100% 163 7.2 How about the relationship between having (and not having) flood insurance when the respondent says their home is location in a floodplain? This table is specific to the people indicating that they are in a floodplain: Do you own or rent the place where you live? Do you have flood insurance? Own Rent Other Total Not Sure 2 1 0 3 % 6.67% 16.67% 0.00% 8.11% No Flood Insurance 11 3 1 15 % 36.67% 50.00% 100.00% 40.54% Yes, I have Flood Insurance 17 2 0 19 % 56.67% 33.33% 0.00% 51.35% Total 30 6 1 37 % 100% 100% 100% 100% * Note - There are 15 of the 37 respondents (51.4%) that report knowing they are in a floodplain but, DO NOT have flood insurance. * Note - This includes 17 of 30 homeowners (56.7%) and 2 of 6 (33.3%) renters. * Again, be cautious, since this is not a random sample, it is unknown if these figures hold true for the full population of Brazos County and participating entities. 164 8. If you do not have flood insurance, why? The following table summarizes the detail tables below – it presents the proportion of respondents that indicated specific reasons for not having flood insurance. This is for both homeowners and renters. The highest proportion of respondents, reported that they did not have flood insurance because they do not think they are located in a floodplain. This may or may not be technically correct, but they believe they are not in a floodplain, and that is the main reason they report not having flood insurance. Reason For No Flood Insurance? Percent Not in a floodplain 58.8% Not required by mortgage 18.2% Never considered 17.5% Too expensive 12.9% No flooding in my area 12.1% Home is elevated or protected 9.3% Some other reason 5.4% 165 9. Please indicate how concerned you are that your neighborhood would be impacted by these natural hazards. ***Respondents were asked to rate between Not Concerned (1) at all to Extremely concerned (3). However, a variable number of respondents did not rate some of these at all such as the 19 that did not rate tornados and 50 that did not rate wildfires. These were left in with a value of 0, which would deflate the ratings, perhaps better capturing the overall concern of this group of respondents. In general, therefore, the higher the rating, the greater the concern over each of these natural hazards for this particular group of respondents. 166 10. Natural hazards can have significant impacts, but planning for these impacts can help to reduce them. The following statements will help determine citizen priorities regarding planning for natural hazards. Thinking about the community as a whole, how important are the following priorities? For this set of questions, respondents were asks to rate how important different criteria or principles were for them when it comes to planning for natural hazards and hazard mitigation. These ranged from private property rights to preserving the environment. Ratings ranged from very important (3) to not very important (1). Again a few (9 to 7) people did not answer some, they were coded with a 0 and left in this analysis. So the table below presents the average importance scoring for each of the criteria or principle rated by these respondents. The closer the value is to 3, the more important the priority when planning for natural hazards. Interestingly protecting critical facilities (hospitals, fire station, etc.) and lifeline infrastructure (utilities) were rated the highest priorities. These were followed by critical infrastructure (bridges, roads, etc.) and emergency response services. Even more interesting, to me, was the virtual tie between protecting private property rights and environmental features such as wetlands. These two are often in conflict – and here they are tied in terms of priorities. The least, but still in the somewhat important range, was protecting cultural and historic landmarks. It is worth noting that signage was a somewhat important priority – something that many in the development community do not want to necessarily see prominently displayed. 167 11. Disasters occur at different times of the day. Are you aware of local school, business or religious organization emergency plans? In general there does not appear to be much solid familiarity, but perhaps limited only familiarity with the emergency planning efforts of other organizations in the community among the respondents to this survey. Familiarity with Emergency Plans of Schools and Religious Organizations? Frequency Percent Cumulative Not Familiar 313 48.30% 48.30% Somewhat Familiar 236 36.42% 84.72% Familiar 99 15.28% 100.00% Total 648 100.00% ***In general there does not appear to be much solid familiarity, but perhaps limited only familiarity with the emergency planning efforts of other organizations in the community among the respondents to this survey. 168 12. Families may want to have household plans for a variety of events. Which of the following has your family planned for? 169 13. How do you receive warnings regarding severe weather events? Respondent were asked to indicated how they received sever weather warnings for a specific set of media types. The responses were codes yes (1) or no (0). The following table indicates the percentage of respondents indicating that they receive warnings from each media source. Cell phone and television far surpass other media forms when considering this group of respondents. Source Percent Cell Phone 74.45% Television 72.90% Radio 55.30% Social Media 37.70% Code Maroon 38.60% Brazos County Emergency Management 34.20% NOAA Radio 21.90% Cable TV 17.00% Other 4.00% 170 14. What would be the most effective way for you to receive information about how to make your home and neighborhood more aware and better prepared for natural hazards? Communication Sources Percent Emergency Notification System 63.70% Emails 53.10% Television 42.40% Social Media 39.80% Direct Mailing 36.90% Utility Bills 32.60% Radio 29.40% Roadside Notification Boards 24.30% Newspapers 22.70% Website 22.10% Meetings 8.10% Schools 7.50% Library 3.80% 171 172 15. Zip code The map below shows a breakdown of the number of survey responses received from each zip code within Brazos County. 173 Strengths and limitations of the survey: As with any data collection method there are advantages and disadvantages to the process and the results. The ‘Public Survey for the Brazos County Hazard Mitigation Plan Update – 2017’ proved to garner more information from public participation than the previous survey conducted in 2012. Although over 650 community members responded to the survey, it must be noted that the data presented reflects only the responses of the survey- takers and may not accurately reflect the County as a whole. The survey results have helped local officials better understand some of the community’s perceived risks and in turn, this information will help to provide education to the residents that will create better preparedness and assist in the implementation of mitigation actions. Conclusions: Public participation during the drafting stage of the planning process is required in the guidelines laid out by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) as part of an acceptable Plan. At the same time, the intent of the survey is to provide the citizens of Brazos County and participating entities an opportunity to offer input on community vulnerabilities and mitigation activities and for officials to inform the citizens as to what the community is doing on their behalf. 174 APPENDIX C: LOCAL HAZARD MITIGATION TEAM Michele Meade EMC, Emergency Management, Brazos County Jason Ware Deputy EMC, Emergency Management, Brazos County Kim Hinton Floodplain Coordinator, Road & Bridge Department, Brazos County Megan Lott GIS Coordinator, Road & Bridge Department, Brazos County James Hall Environmental Deputy, Sheriff’s Office, Brazos County Mike Paulus Emergency Preparedness and Response Coordinator, Brazos County Roger Sheridan Manager, Public Safety Planning, Brazos Valley Council of Governments Robert Santarsiero Homeland Security Senior Planner, Public Safety Planning, Brazos Valley Council of Governments Jerry Henry EMC, Emergency Management, City of Bryan Johnnie Price Engineering, Development Services, City of Bryan Cody Cravatt Development Manager, Development Services, City of Bryan Brian Hilton EMC, Emergency Management, City of College Station Monica Martinez EMC, Office of Safety & Security, Texas A&M University Leslie Lutz Assistant EMC, Office of Safety & Security, Texas A&M University Jeff Truss Assistant Director, EHS, Texas A&M University Ralph Davila Director, Facilities, Texas A&M University Valerie Hadley Assistant Director, Facilities and Dining Administration, Texas A&M University Rob Meyer Supervisor, UES, Texas A&M University 175 Robert Meyer Assistant Chief of Police, University PD, Texas A&M University Shannon Van Zandt Professor & Interim Head, Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning, Texas A&M University Walter Peacock Professor, Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning, Texas A&M University John T. Cooper Associate Professor of Practice, Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning, Texas A&M University Kelly Trietsch-Hall Graduate Student, Master’s Level, Texas A&M University Jim Soefje Mayor, City of Wixon Valley Philip Mundine Mayor, City of Kurten 176 APPENDIX D: CRITICAL FACILITIES IN BRAZOS COUNTY AND PARTICIPATING ENTITIES Name Type Jurisdiction Coulter Field Airport COB Easterwood Field Airport COCS, TAMU Brazos Transit District Bus COB Greyhound Bus Station Bus COB Transportation Services Bus TAMU City of Bryan City Hall City Hall COB City of College Station City Hall City Hall COCS City of Wixon Valley City Hall City Hall WV KYLE Communication COB WTAW Communication COCS KEOS Communication COB KNFX-FM Communication COB KKYS Communication COB KORA Communication COB KAMU Communication TAMU KBTX Communication COB Brazos County Courthouse Courthouse BC Bryan Texas Utilities Electric COB College Station Utilities Electric COCS Central Utilities Plant Electric TAMU West Campus Cogeneration Company Electric TAMU Community Emergency Operations Center Emergency COB Kyle Field Command Emergency TAMU College Station Fire Department Station #1 Fire Station COCS College Station Fire Department Station #2 Fire Station COCS College Station Fire Department Station #3 Fire Station COCS College Station Fire Department Station #4 Fire Station COCS College Station Fire Department Station #5 Fire Station COCS College Station Fire Department Station #6 Fire Station COCS Bryan Fire Department Station #1 Fire Station COB Bryan Fire Department Station #2 Fire Station COB Bryan Fire Department Station #3 Fire Station COB Bryan Fire Department Station #4 Fire Station COB Bryan Fire Department Station #5 Fire Station COB Brazos County District 2 VFD Station #1 Fire Station BC Brazos County District 2 VFD Station #2 Fire Station BC 177 Brazos County Precinct 3 VFD Station #1 Fire Station BC Brazos County Precinct 3 VFD Station #2 Fire Station BC Brazos County Precinct 3 VFD Station #3 Fire Station BC Brazos County Precinct 4 VFD Station #1 Fire Station BC Brazos County Precinct 4 VFD Station #2 Fire Station BC Brazos county Precinct 4 VFD Station #3 Fire Station BC South Brazos County FD Station #1 Fire Station BC South Brazos County FD Station #2 Fire Station BC South Brazos County FD Station #3 Fire Station BC South Brazos County FD Station #4 Fire Station BC Business 6/ Texas Avenue Highway BC, COB, COCS Earl Rudder Freeway/ State Highway 6 Highway BC, COB, COCS Farm to Market 50 Highway BC Farm to Market 60 (Raymond Stotzer/University Dr) Highway BC, COB, COCS Farm to Market 158 (Boonville Road/ William J. Bryan Parkway) Highway COB, BC Farm to Market 159 Highway BC Farm to Market 974 (Tabor Road) Highway BC, COB Farm to Market 1179 (Briarcrest/ Villa Maria) Highway COB, BC Farm to Market 1687 (Sandy Point Road) Highway COB, BC Farm to Market 1688 (Leonard Road) Highway COB, BC Farm to Market 2038 Highway BC Farm to Market 2154 (Wellborn Road) Highway BC, COB, COCS Farm to Market 2223 (Old Cameron Ranch Road) Highway BC Farm to Market 2347 (George Bush Dr) Highway COCS Farm to Market 2776 Highway BC, WV Farm to Market 2818 (Harvey Mitchell Parkway) Highway BC, COB, COCS Old San Antonio Road (OSR) Highway BC State Highway 21 Highway BC, COB, WV, Kurten State Highway 30 (Harvey Road) Highway BC, COB, COCS State Highway 40 Highway COCS State Highway 47 Highway COCS, COB, BC State Highway 105 Highway BC College Station Medical Center Medical COCS St Joseph Regional Health Ctr Medical COB Scott and White Medical COCS The Physician Center Medical COB Rock Prairie Behavioral Health Medical COCS 178 University Emergency Medical Service Medical TAMU City of Bryan Police Department Police Station COB City of College Station Police Police Station COCS Brazos County Sheriff’s Office Police Station BC Texas Department of Public Safety Police Station COB University Police Department Police Station TAMU Union Pacific Railroad Railway bridge BC, COB, COCS Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway bridge BC,COB, COCS A & M Consolidated High School School COCS A&M Consolidated Middle School School COCS Aggieland Country School School COCS Allen Academy School COB Anson Jones Elementary School COB Arthur Davila Middle School School COB Ben Milam Elementary School COB Bonham Elementary School COB Brazos Christian School School COB Bryan Collegiate High School School COB Bryan High School School COB Center For Alternative Learning School COCS College Hills Elementary School COCS College Station High School School COCS College Station Middle School School COCS Cornerstone Christian Academy School COB Creekview Elementary School School COCS Crockett Elementary School COB Cypress Grove Intermediate School COCS Disciplinary Alternative Educational Program School COB Fannin Elementary School COB Forest Ridge Elementary School School COCS Greens Prairie Elementary School School COCS Harmony Science Academy School COB Harvey Mitchell Elementary School COB Henderson Elementary School COB Jane Long Middle School COB Johnson Elementary School COB Kemp Elementary School COB Keystone Montessori School School COB Mary Branch Elementary School COB Mary Catherine Harris School of Choice High School School COB Montessori School House School COB 179 Navarro Elementary School COB Neal Elementary School COB Oakwood Intermediate School COCS Pebble Creek Elementary School COCS Rock Prairie Elementary School COCS Rudder High School School COB Sam Houston Elementary School COB Sam Rayburn Middle School COB South Knoll Elementary School COCS Southwood Valley Elementary School COCS Special Opportunity School School COB St. Michaels Academy School COB St. Joseph Catholic School School COB Stephen F Austin Middle School COB Still Creek Christian School School BC Sul Ross Elementary School COB Burton Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant Wastewater COB City of Bryan Thompsons Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant Wastewater COB Texas A&M University Wastewater TAMU Carter Creek Wastewater Treatment Wastewater COCS Lick Creek Wastewater Treatment Wastewater COCS City of Bryan Still Creek Wastewater Treatment Wastewater COB Utilities and Energy Services Wastewater TAMU Legend: COB - City of Bryan, COCS - City of College Station, BC - Brazos County, TAMU - Texas A&M University, WV - City of Wixon Valley, and Kurten - City of Kurten 180 181 APPENDIX E: LOCAL ADOPTION RESOLUTIONS To be included after FEMA issues the “Approvable Pending Adoption Letter” RESOLUTION NO. ________________ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS, ADOPTING AND APPROVING THE COLLEGE STATION PORTION OF “MITIGATING RISK: PROTECTING THE BRAZOS VALLEY FROM ALL HAZARDS, 2019-2024 PLAN” (PLAN). WHEREAS, certain areas of College Station are subject to periodic flooding and other natural hazards with the potential to cause damages to people and properties within the area; and WHEREAS, under the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, the United States Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) requires that local jurisdictions have in place a FEMA-approved Hazard Mitigation Action Plan as a condition of receipt of certain future Federal mitigation funding after November 1, 2004; and WHEREAS, This Plan, a five-year blueprint for the future, aimed at making communities in Brazos County disaster resistant by reducing or eliminating the long-term risk of loss of life and property from the full range of natural disasters; and WHEREAS, This Plan meets the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (P.L. 106- 390); Section 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 201.6 and Part 206; and State of Texas Division of Emergency Management standards. BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COLL EGE STATION, TEXAS: PART 1: That the City Council hereby adopts and approves those portions of the Plan entitled, Mitigating Risk: Protecting the Brazos Valley from All Hazards, 2019- 2024, that pertain to the City of College Station attached as Exhibit A. PART 2: That the City Council hereby approves and authorizes Brian Hilton, Emergency Management Coordinator with the responsibility, authority, and the means to: a. Inform all concerned parties of this action. b. Develop an addendum to this Hazard Mitigation Plan if College Station’s unique situation warrants such an addendum. PART 3: That the City Council hereby appoints the Emergency Management Coordinator to assure the Hazard Mitigation Plan is reviewed at least annually and that amendments to the City of College Station addendum to the Hazard Mitigation Plan be developed and presented to the City Council for consideration and approval PART 4: That this resolution shall take effect immediately from and after its passage. Resolution No._________ Page 2 of 3 ADOPTED this ___ day of ______, 2019. ATTEST: APPROVED: City Secretary Mayor APPROVED: City Attorney Resolution No._________ Page 3 of 3 EXHIBIT A MITIGATING RISK: PROTECTING THE BRAZOS VALLEY FROM ALL HAZARDS 2019-2024 PLAN City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0223 Name:EMC Resolution Status:Type:Resolution Consent Agenda File created:In control:4/23/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution reappointing Brian Hilton as the Emergency Management Coordinator. Sponsors:Jonathan McMahan Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:TDEM Form 147 College Station.pdf EMC Resolution 5-1-19 Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution reappointing Brian Hilton as the Emergency Management Coordinator. Relationship to Strategic Goals: ·Good Governance ·Financially Sustainable City ·Core Services and Infrastructure ·Neighborhood Integrity ·Diverse Growing Economy ·Improving Mobility ·Sustainable City Recommendation(s): Staff recommends approval of the resolution. Summary: The citizens have elected Karl Mooney as the Mayor for the City of College Station. In accordance with the Texas Disaster Act of 1975, the Mayor assumes the duty as the Emergency Management Director. The Emergency Management Director may designate an Emergency Management Coordinator who shall serve as assistant to the presiding officer of the political subdivision for emergency management purposes when so designated. Budget & Financial Summary: None Attachments: Emergency Management Coordinator Resolution & Form TDEM-147 College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0223,Version:1 College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT DIRECTOR/COORDINATOR NOTIFICATION Section 418.101 of the Texas Government Code states: "The presiding officer of the governing body of each political subdivision will notify the Division of Emergency Management of the manner in which the political subdivision is providing or securing an emergency management program, identify the person who heads the agency responsible for the program, and furnish additional pertinent information." This form is used to make the required notification to TDEM. The information on this form may be released to those inquiring about local emergency management programs pursuant to the Texas Open Records Act. Hence, TDEM recommends that you provide business addresses and mobile telephone numbers rather than home addresses and telephone numbers. COUNTY: Jurisdiction: Official's Title: Name: Mailing Address: City, State, Zip: Office Number: Cell Number: Fax Number: Brazos City of College Station Mayor Karl Mooney PO Box 9960 College Station, TX 77842 979-764-3509 979-764-6377 (Required} (City or County Name} (Mayor/Judge} {First & Last Name} (The best address to receive mail} E-mail: kmooney@cstx.gov {Please include -this is a back-up for mailing) EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM APPOINTMENT STATUS DI HAVE NOT appointed an Emergency Management Coordinator and will personally direct the local emergency management program. l v' j 1 HAVE appointed/re-appointed the Emergency Management Coordinator identified below to conduct the emergency management program for this jurisdiction. The effective date of the appointment is: _04_1_19 __ _ Owe share our EMC with (name of jurisdiction). If the COUNTY Emergency Management Coordinator has been appointed to other jurisdictions within the county, the County judge and the participating City Mayors must sign this form. {See the third page for additional signature blocks.) The EMC for this jurisdiction is (please select one): @Paid, Full Time, EMC only 0 Paid, Full Time, EMC and other job duties (Fire Chief, Fire Marshal, Police Chief, EMS Director, Etc.) (please specify other duty/duties}------------------------ 0 Paid part time, EMC only 0 Paid, Part Time, EMC and other job duties (Fire Chief, Fire Marshal, Police Chief, EMS Director, Etc.) (please specify other duty/duties}------------------------ 0 Unpaid/volunteer EMC only 0 Unpaid/Volunteer, EMC and other volunteer job duties (Fire Chief, Fire Marshal, Police Chief, EMS Director, Etc.) (please specify other duty/duties} __________________ _ Q Other (please describe} ___________________________ _ TDEM-147 Rev 01/2018 Page 1 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT COORDINATOR Coordinator Asst Coordinator Name: Brian Hilton Mailing Address: PO Box 9960 Citv. State Zio: College Station, TX 77842 Office Phone: 979-764-6210 Cell Number: 979-255-6210 Fax Number: 979-393-9922 E-mail Address: bhilton@cstx.gov Emergency Operations Center Number: 979-821-1000 Judge's or Mayor's Signature Date PLEASE RETURN TO: Texas Division of Emergency Management Operations Section PO Box 4087 Austin, TX 78773-0220 E-mail: SOC2@dps.texas.gov Phone: (512) 424-2208 Email: I CUck to Submit Form to SOC TDEM-147 Rev 01/2018 Page 2 RESOLUTION NO. _______________ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS, APPOINTING AN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT COORDINATOR FOR THE CITY. WHEREAS, the City Council recognizes the need to prepare for the occurrence or imminent threat of widespread or severe damage, injury, or loss of life or property resulting from any natural or man-made cause, requiring emergency action; and WHEREAS, the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) according to the Texas Disaster Act of 1975, Chapter 418 shall identify the Emergency Management Director and the Emergency Management Coordinator responsible for the emergency management program; and BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS: PART 1: That the City Council hereby recognizes that Mayor Karl Mooney as the Emergency Management Director (EMD) for the City and gives the Mayor authority to execute documents related to appointing the Emergency Management Coordinator. PART 2: That the Mayor/EMD appoints Brian Hilton as the Emergency Management Coordinator for the City. PART 3: That this resolution shall take effect immediately from and after its passage. ADOPTED this ___ day of ______, 2019. ATTEST: APPROVED: City Secretary Mayor APPROVED: City Attorney City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0224 Name:Construction Contract # 19300432 Parks Improvements Construction Contract # 19300432 Parks Improvements Status:Type:Contract Consent Agenda File created:In control:4/24/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action on a construction contract with Jamail and Smith Construction, LP, in the amount of $153,394.92 for construction at three parks: Lincoln Recreation Center basketball pavilion structure painting and repairs, installing a water drinking fountain, court resurfacing, and lighting upgrades; the installation of water drinking fountains at Lick Creek Park; and concrete pads for bench installations at Cove of Nantucket Park. Sponsors:David Schmitz Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:Lick Creek Revised Proposal Nantucket Revised Proposal Rec Center Revised Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on a construction contract with Jamail and Smith Construction, LP, in the amount of $153,394.92 for construction at three parks: Lincoln Recreation Center basketball pavilion structure painting and repairs, installing a water drinking fountain, court resurfacing, and lighting upgrades; the installation of water drinking fountains at Lick Creek Park; and concrete pads for bench installations at Cove of Nantucket Park. Neighborhood Integrity; Diverse Growing Economy Recommendation(s): Staff recommends approval and award of the construction contract with Jamail and Smith Construction, LP, for the installation of two drinking fountains at the Lick Creek Nature Center, two concrete park bench slabs at Cove of Nantucket Park, and the installation of LED light fixtures, painting of basketball pavilion, court resurfacing, new drinking fountain, and gutter replacement at the Lincoln Recreation Basketball Pavilion, in the amount of $153,394.92 with one hundred and twenty (120) construction days. Summary: The proposed construction project will allow for upgrades and improvements at three different parks. Budget & Financial Summary: Jamail and Smith, LP; a Job Order Contractor vendor, was asked to submit quotes for the installation of drinking fountains, concrete pads, and improvements to the Lincoln Recreation Basketball College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0224,Version:1 Pavilion. Job Order Contractor vendors have been competitively procured, so members automatically have compliance with Texas local and state procurement requirements. Funds are available from Parkland Dedication Funds, Zone 11 and Zone 12. The Lincoln Recreation Center Basketball Pavilion is funded by certificates of obligation. College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:319-0227 Name:TriTech CO for Subscription Agreement Status:Type:Change Order Consent Agenda File created:In control:4/25/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action on a change order in the amount of $9,925 to the TriTech Subscription Service, License and Use Agreement related to the police CAD/RMS project. Sponsors:Sindhu Menon Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:Change Order CADRMS Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on a change order in the amount of $9,925 to the TriTech Subscription Service, License and Use Agreement related to the police CAD/RMS project. Relationship to Strategic Goals: ·Good Governance ·Core Services and Infrastructure Recommendation(s): Approval Summary: Change order 2 will remove the IQ Analytics and Dashboard Designer subscriptions modules from contract 15300408 and add IQ CrimeView Advanced Reports Module hosted subscription solution. TriTech IQ and Analytics went live August 2016 during phase 1 CAD and Mobile Go-Live. TriTech IQ and Analytics is a browser based reporting tool that allows users to graphically display and report real time activity, data trends and additional information interactively. Users can build, alter and deploy new and existing dashboard reports to share information and data throughout the department. ARM (Adavanced Reporting Module) brings business intelligence and advanced reporting capabilities using KPI's (Key Performance Indicators) identified by the department and shared via ARM which interacts with the current CrimeView reporting dashboard. Budget & Financial Summary: This is an increase of $9,925.00. This cost includes professional services to install, implement and train as well as the annual subscription fee for use of the product. Funds will come from CO1301 (CAD/RMS Project). Attachments: College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0227,Version:3 1. Change Order 2 College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0229 Name:Agreement with the Brazos Valley Umpires Association Renewal 1 - Contract #18300369 Status:Type:Presentation Consent Agenda File created:In control:4/30/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding the renewal of a contract with Brazos Valley Softball Umpires Association to provide officiating services for City athletic leagues, programs and tournaments in an amount not to exceed $125,000 per year. Sponsors:David Schmitz Indexes: Code sections: Attachments: Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation,discussion,and possible action regarding the renewal of a contract with Brazos Valley Softball Umpires Association to provide officiating services for City athletic leagues,programs and tournaments in an amount not to exceed $125,000 per year. Relationship to Strategic Goals: 1.Financially Sustainable City 2.Core Services and Infrastructure 3.Sustainable City Recommendation(s):Staff recommends approval of the first renewal of the contract with the Brazos Valley Softball Umpires Association. Summary:This Contract Number Renewal 1 - 18300369 is for a period of one (1) year (27 April 2019 - 26 April 2020). The contract is for the provision of all officiating services for all City operated athletic leagues and programs, including Adult and Youth Softball, Adult and Youth Flag Football, Adult and Youth Volleyball, Youth Basketball, and Adult Kickball, as well as tournament play. This blanket contract sets rates for these sports that can cover league play and tournaments, if held. Payment for umpire services is made to the Association, prior to each season based on the scheduled games, who then pays the individual umpires for actual games called. A “true up” is calculated at the end of each season to verify actual games called with the Association and the Parks and Recreation Department. Tournaments are handled individually in the same manner. This Agreement for Services is exempt from competitive bidding in accordance with LGC 252.022(a) (7), a procurement that is available from only one source. College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0229,Version:1 Budget & Financial Summary:This contract is not to exceed $125,000.00. Funds are budgeted through the Parks and Recreation Departments General Fund, Recreation Fund and Hotel Occupancy Tax budgets. Attachments: None, contract is on file in the City Secretary's Office. College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0243 Name:Consider Ordinance Issuing Certificates of Obligation Status:Type:Presentation Agenda Ready File created:In control:5/6/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action on an ordinance authorizing the issuance of up to $82,000,000 in principal amount of “City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019”; delegating the authority to certain City Officials to execute certain documents relating to the sale of the certificates; approving and authorizing instruments and procedures relating to the certificates; and enacting other provisions relating to the subject. Sponsors:Mary Ellen Leonard Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:Certificates of Obligation Coversheet-2019 Ordinance (CO) (ver 1) POS-College Station Series 2019 Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation, discussion, and possible action on an ordinance authorizing the issuance of up to $82,000,000 in principal amount of “City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019”; delegating the authority to certain City Officials to execute certain documents relating to the sale of the certificates; approving and authorizing instruments and procedures relating to the certificates; and enacting other provisions relating to the subject. Relationship to Strategic Goals:Financially Sustainable City,and Providing Core Services and Infrastructure. Recommendation(s):Council move to approve the attached ordinance authorizing the issuance of Certificates of Obligation,Series 2019;delegating the authority to certain City Officials to execute certain documents relating to the sale of the certificates;approving and authorizing instruments and procedures relating to the certificates; and enacting other provisions relating to the subject. Summary:The City Council is authorized to approve the issuance of Certificates of Obligation (CO’s)after approving a resolution directing notice to be published of the intent to issue the CO’s.On March 28,2019 Council approved a resolution directing staff to advertise the issuance of CO’s.On April 3rd and April 10th such notice was published. The City of College Station typically issues debt to fund various capital projects identified and approved as a part of the annual budget.The City primarily uses three types of debt instruments to fulfill those requirements: 1.General Obligation Bonds (GOB’s)are based on the full faith and credit of the City and are paid primarily through the debt service portion of the ad valorem tax rate.GOBs are authorized by the voters and therefore the notice is provided in the election process. 2.Utility Revenue Bonds (URB’s)are backed by the revenues of the City's various utilities College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0243,Version:1 2.Utility Revenue Bonds (URB’s)are backed by the revenues of the City's various utilities and are issued as a business activity. These are typically only issued for utility capital projects. 3.Certificates of Obligation (CO’s)normally include at least one additional revenue stream such as utility revenues,but are considered to be much like GOBs and therefore normally receive a rating similar to GOB’s.Our policy for issuing CO's allows more flexibility in their issue than GOB’s, particularly when other revenues are anticipated to assist in debt service. It is at the recommendation of the City’s Financial Advisor,Mr.Boyd London with Hilltop Securities,Inc. that the City issue Certificates of Obligation for utility projects rather than Utility Revenue Bonds. This particular issue will provide resources for streets,parks,city hall construction,information technology, electric, and water and wastewater improvements; and debt issuance costs. If this ordinance is approved,the City Council will be delegating to the Mayor,the City Manager and the Assistant City Manager /CFO the authority to effect the sale of the certificates through May 13, 2020. Budget &Financial Summary:Staff reviewed the impact of the Certificates on the City’s ability to meet debt service requirements and the effect they may have on the ad valorem tax rate.The impact on the utility rates will be reviewed as part of the financial forecast and FY20 budget. Attachments: 1.Ordinance 2.Preliminary Official Statement College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ May 13, 2019 Regular Agenda Item Consider Ordinance Issuing Certificates of Obligation To: Bryan C. Woods, City Manager From: Mary Ellen Leonard, Director of Fiscal Services Agenda Caption: Presentation, possible action and discussion on an ordinance authorizing the issuance of up to $82,000,000 in principal amount of “City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019”; delegating the authority to certain City Officials to execute certain documents relating to the sale of the certificates; approving and authorizing instruments and procedures relating to the certificates; and enacting other provisions relating to the subject. Relationship to Strategic Goals: Financially Sustainable City, and Providing Core Services and Infrastructure. Recommendation(s): Council move to approve the attached ordinance authorizing the issuance of Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019; delegating the authority to certain City Officials to execute certain documents relating to the sale of the certificates; approving and authorizing instruments and procedures relating to the certificates; and enacting other provisions relating to the subject. Summary: The City Council is authorized to approve the i ssuance of Certificates of Obligation (CO’s) after approving a resolution directing notice to be published of the intent to issue the CO’s. On March 28, 2019 Council approved a resolution directing staff to advertise the issuance of CO’s. On April 3rd and April 10th such notice was published. The City of College Station typically issues debt to fund various capital projects identified and approved as a part of the annual budget. The City primarily uses three types of debt instruments to fulfill those requirements: 1. General Obligation Bonds (GOB’s) are based on the full faith and credit of the City and are paid primarily through the debt service portion of the ad valorem tax rate. GOBs are authorized by the voters and therefore the notice is provided in the election process. 2. Utility Revenue Bonds (URB’s) are backed by the revenues of the City's various utilities and are issued as a business activity. These are typically only issued for utility capital projects. 3. Certificates of Obligation (CO’s) normally include at least one additional revenue stream such as utility revenues, but are considered to be much like GOBs and therefore normally receive a rating similar to GOB’s. Our policy for issuing CO's allows more flexibility in their issue than GOB’s, particularly when other revenues are anticipated to assist in debt service. It is at the recommendation of the City’s Financial Advisor, Mr. Boyd London with Hilltop Securities, Inc. that the City issue Certificates of Obligation for utility projects rather than Utility Revenue Bonds. This particular issue will provide resources for streets, parks, city hall construction, information technology, electric, and water and wastewater improvements; and debt issuance costs. If this ordinance is approved, the City Council will be delegating to the Mayor, the City Manager and the Assistant City Manager / CFO the authority to effect the sale of the certificates through May 13, 2020. Budget & Financial Summary: Staff reviewed the impact of the Certificates on the City’s ability to meet debt service requirements and the effect they may have on the ad valorem tax rate. The impact on the utility rates will be reviewed as part of the financial forecast and FY20 budget. Attachments: 1. Ordinance 2. Preliminary Official Statement ORDINANCE NO. 2019-[___] AUTHORIZING THE ISSUANCE OF "CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS CERTIFICATES OF OBLIGATION, SERIES 2019"; DELEGATING THE AUTHORITY TO CERTAIN CITY OFFICIALS TO EXECUTE CERTAIN DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE SALE OF THE CERTIFICATES; APPROVING AND AUTHORIZING INSTRUMENTS AND PROCEDURES RELATING TO SAID CERTIFICATES; AND ENACTING OTHER PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE SUBJECT WHEREAS, on March 28, 2019, the City Council of the City of College Station (the "City") passed a resolution authorizing and directing notice of its intention to issue the Certificates of Obligation herein authorized, to be published in a newspaper as required by Section 271.049 of the Texas Local Government Code; WHEREAS, said notice was published in the Bryan-College Station Eagle, a "newspaper" of the type described in Section 2051.044, Texas Government Code, as required by said Section 271.049 of the Texas Local Government Code, on April 3, 2019 and April 10, 2019; WHEREAS, said notice provided that the ordinance authorizing the Certificates of Obligation may authorize an authorized officer of the City to effect the sale and delivery of the Certificates of Obligation on a date or dates subsequent to the adoption of the ordinance; WHEREAS, no petition, signed by at least 5% of the qualified electors of said City as permitted by said Section 271.049 of the Texas Local Government Code protesting the issuance of such Certificates of Obligation, has been filed; WHEREAS, the City is an "Issuer" within the meaning of Section 1371.001(4)(P), Texas Government Code, having (i) a principal amount of at least $100 million in outstanding long- term indebtedness, in long-term indebtedness proposed to be issued, or a combination of outstanding or proposed long-term indebtedness and (ii) some amount of long-term indebtedness outstanding or proposed to be issued that is rated in one of the four highest rating categories for long-term debt instruments by a nationally recognized rating agency for municipal securities, without regard to the effect of any credit agreement or other form of credit enhancement entered into in connection with the obligation; WHEREAS, the Certificates of Obligation hereinafter authorized are to be issued and delivered pursuant to Subchapter C of Chapter 271 of the Texas Local Government Code and Chapter 1371, Texas Government Code and the City's Home Rule Charter; WHEREAS, during the preceding three years, the City has not submitted a bond proposition to authorize the issuance of bonds for the same purpose for which the Certificates of Obligation are hereby being issued and which proposition was disapproved by voters; and WHEREAS, it is officially found, determined, and declared that the meeting at which this Ordinance has been adopted was open to the public and public notice of the time, place and subject matter of the public business to be considered and acted upon at s aid meeting, including 2 this Ordinance, was given, all as required by the applicable provisions of Texas Government Code, Chapter 551; THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS: Section 1. DEFINITIONS; AUTHORIZATION OF CERTIFICATES OF OBLIGATION. (a) Definitions. Terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the following meanings. (i) The term "Authorized Denomination" shall mean a denomination of $5,000 of principal amount of a Certificate or any integral multiple thereof. (ii) The term "Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday, a legal holiday, or a day on which banking institutions in the City are, authorized by law or executive order to close. (iii) The term "Certificates" and "Certificates of Obligation" shall mean the City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019, authorized to be issued and delivered by this Ordinance. (iv) The term "Financial Obligation" means a: (a) debt obligation; (b) derivative instrument entered into in connection with, or pledged as security or a source of payment for, an existing or planned debt obligation; or (c) a guarantee of the foregoing (a) and (b). The term Financial Obligation does not include any municipal securities as to which a final official statement has been provided to the MSRB consistent with the Rule. (v) The term "MSRB" means the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board. (vi) The term "Pricing Certificate" means a certificate of the Pricing Officer setting forth the terms of sale of the Certificates including the method of sale, principal amount, maturity dates, interest payment dates, dated date, interest rates, yields, redemption provisions, and other matters related to the sale of the Certificates. (vii) The term "Pricing Officer" means the Mayor, the City Manager and the Assistant City Manager (Jeff Kersten) of the City (each the "Pricing Officer") each of whom is independently authorized to finalize the terms of sale of the Certificates by execution of the Pricing Certificate. (viii) The term "Purchaser" means (i) if the Certificates are sold by negotiated sale, the underwriter or underwriting syndicate selected by the Pricing Officer, or (ii) if the Certificates are sold by competitive sale by soliciting public bids, the underwriter or underwriting syndicate awarded the Certificates by the Pricing Officer. (ix) The term "Rule" means SEC Rule 15c2-12 (17 C.F.R. § 240.15C2-12), as amended from time to time. 3 (x) The term "SEC" means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. (xi) The term "Surplus Revenues" shall mean those revenues from the operation of the City's combined municipal electric light and power, waterworks and sewer system remaining after payment of all operation and maintenance expenses thereof and other obligations heretofore or hereafter incurred to which such revenues have been or shall be encumbered by a lien on and pledge of such revenues superior to the lien on and pledge of such revenues to the Certificates. (b) The City's Certificates of Obligation, to be designated the "City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019", are hereby authorized to be issued and delivered in the principal amount not to exceed $82,000,000 for the following public purposes: (i) constructing and improving streets and roads including related drainage, landscaping, signalization, lighting, pedestrian improvements and signage related thereto; (ii) designing, constructing, equipping and installing parks and recreation equipment and improvements including park infrastructure improvements and park rehabilitation, lighting, shade structures and pavilions; (iii) purchasing and installing technology improvements including video surveillance, diagnostic systems, fiber optic infrastructure, fuel system rehabilitation, and communication equipment; (iv) designing and constructing a new City Hall; (v) designing and constructing a new police station; (vi) improvements to fleet maintenance facilities consisting of oil pit and storm drain upgrades; (vii) constructing improvements and extensions to the City's combined waterworks, sewer and electric systems including distribution, transmission, system lines, lift stations, metering, wells, plant improvements, and acquisition of interests in land for such purposes; and (viii) the payment of fiscal, engineering and legal fees incurred in connection therewith. Section 2. DELEGATION TO PRICING OFFICER. (a) As authorized by Section 1371.053, Texas Government Code, each Pricing Officer is hereby authorized to act individually and severally on behalf of the City in selling and delivering the Certificates, carrying out the other procedures specified in this Ordinance, including, determining the date of the Certificates, any additional or different designation or title by which the Certificates shall be known, whether the Certificate shall be sold and delivered in one or more series and the date and sale and delivery of each such series, the price at which the Certificates will be sold, the years in which the Certificates will mature, the principal amount to mature in each of such years, the rate of interest to be borne by each such maturity, the interest payment and record dates, the price and terms upon and at which the Certificates shall be subject to redemption prior to maturity at the option of the City, as well as any mandatory sinking fund redemption provisions, and all other matters relating to the issuance, sale, and delivery of the Certificates and obtaining municipal insurance for all or any portion of the Certificates and providing for the terms and provisions thereof applicable to the Certificates, all of which shall be specified in the Pricing Certificate; provided that: (i) the aggregate principal amount of the Certificates shall not exceed $82,000,000; 4 (ii) the true interest cost of the Certificates shall not exceed 4.000%; (iii) the final maturity of the Certificates shall not exceed February 15, 2039; (iv) the delegation made hereby shall expire if not exercised by the Pricing Officer on or prior to May 13, 2020; and (v) on or prior to delivery, the Certificates shall be rated by a nationally recognized rating agency for municipal securities in one of the four highest categories for long-term obligations. (b) In establishing the aggregate principal amount of the Certificates, the Pricing Officer shall establish an amount that, when combined with premium used for purposes other than the payment of costs of issuance, does not exceed the amount authorized in Subsection (a) hereof, which shall be sufficient in amount to provide for the purposes for which the Certificates are authorized and to pay costs of issuing the Certificates. The Certificates shall be sold with and subject to such terms as set forth in the Pricing Certificate. (c) The Certificates may be sold by public offering (either through a negotiated or competitive offering) and the Pricing Certificate shall so state, and the Pricing Certificate may conform this Ordinance to such method of sale, including the provisions hereof that pertain to the undertaking of the Issuer in accordance with the Rule. (d) The City Council hereby determines that the delegation of the authority to the Pricing Officer to approve the final terms of the Certificates as set forth in this Ordinance is, and the decisions made by the Pricing Officer pursuant to such delegated authority and i ncorporated into the Pricing Certificate are required to be, in the Issuer's best interests, and the Pricing Officer is hereby authorized to make and include in the Pricing Certificate a finding to that effect. Section 3. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CERTIFICATES. (a) The City shall keep or cause to be kept at the corporate trust office in Dallas, Texas (the "Designated Trust Office") of The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., or such other bank, trust company, financial institution, or other agency named by the Pricing Officer or in accordance with the provisions of (g) below (the "Paying Agent/Registrar"), books or records for the registration and transfer of the Certificates (the "Registration Books"), and the City hereby appoints the Paying Agent/Registrar as its registrar and transfer agent to keep such books or records and make such transfers and registrations under such reasonable regulations as the City and the Paying Agent/Registrar may prescribe; and the Paying Agent/Registrar shall make such transfers and registrations as herein provided. It shall be the duty of the Paying Agent/Registrar to obtain from the registered owner and record in the Registration Books the address of the registered owner of each Certificate to which payments with respect to the Certificates shall be mailed, as herein provided. The City or its designee shall have the right to inspect the Registration Books during regular business hours of the Paying Agent/Registrar at its Designated Trust Office, but otherwise the Paying Agent/Registrar shall keep the Registration Books confidential and, unless otherwise required by law, shall not permit their inspection by any other entity. Registration of each Certificate may be transferred in the Registration Books only upon presentation and 5 surrender thereof to the Paying Agent/Registrar at its Designated Trust Office for transfer of registration and cancellation, together with proper written instruments of assignment, in form and with guarantee of signatures satisfactory to the Paying Agent/Registrar, evidencing the assignment of such Certificate, or any portion thereof in any Authorized Denomination, to the assignee or assignees thereof, and the right of such assignee or assignees to have such Certificate or any such portion thereof registered in the name of such assignee or assignees. Upon the assignment and transfer of any Certificate or any portion thereof, a new substitute certificate or certificates shall be issued in exchange therefor in the manner herein provided. (b) The entity in whose name any Certificate shall be registered in the Registration Books at any time shall be treated as the absolute owner thereof for all purposes of this Ordinance, whether or not such Certificate shall be overdue, and the City and the Paying Agent/Registrar shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary; and payment of, or on account of, the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on any such certificate shall be made only to such registered owner. All such payments shall be valid and effect ual to satisfy and discharge the liability upon such certificate to the extent of the sum or sums so paid. (c) The City hereby further appoints the Paying Agent/Registrar to act as the paying agent for paying the principal of and interest on the Certificates, and to act as its agent to exchange or replace Certificates, all as provided in this Ordinance. The Paying Agent/Registrar shall keep proper records of all payments made by the City and the Paying Agent/Registrar with respect to the Certificates, and of all exchanges thereof, and all replacements thereof, as provided in this Ordinance. (d) Each Certificate may be exchanged for fully registered certificates in the manner set forth herein. Each Certificate issued and delivered pursuant to this Ordinance may, up on surrender thereof at the Designated Trust Office of the Paying Agent/Registrar, together with a written request therefor duly executed by the registered owner or the assignee or assignees thereof, or its or their duly authorized attorneys or representatives, with guarantee of signatures satisfactory to the Paying Agent/Registrar, at the option of the registered owner or such assignee or assignees, as appropriate, be exchanged for fully registered Certificates, without interest coupons, in the form prescribed in the FORM OF CERTIFICATE, in an Authorized Denomination (subject to the requirement hereinafter stated that each substitute Certificate shall have a single stated maturity date), as requested in writing by such registered owner or such assignee or assignees, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of any Certificate or Certificates so surrendered, and payable to the appropriate registered owner, assignee, or assignees, as the case may be. If any Certificate or portion thereof is assigned and transferred, each Certificate issued in exchange therefor shall have the same principal maturity date and bear interest at the same rate as the Certificate for which it is being exchanged. Each substitute Certificate shall bear a letter and/or number to distinguish it from each other Certificate. The Paying Agent/Registrar shall exchange or r eplace Certificates as provided herein, and each fully registered Certificate or Certificates delivered in exchange for or replacement of any Certificate or portion thereof as permitted or required by any provision of this Ordinance shall constitute one of the Certificates for all purposes of this Ordinance, and may again be exchanged or replaced. It is specifically provided, however, that any Certificate delivered in exchange for or replacement of another Certificate prior to the first scheduled interest payment date on the Certificates (as stated on the face thereof) shall be dated the same 6 date as such Certificate, but each substitute Certificate so delivered on or after such first scheduled interest payment date shall be dated as of the interest payment date preceding the date on which such substitute Certificate is delivered, unless such substitute Certificate is delivered on an interest payment date, in which case it shall be dated as of such date of delivery; provided, however, that if at the time of delivery of any substitute Certificate the interest on the Certificate for which it is being exchanged has not been paid, then such substitute Certificate shall be dated as of the date to which such interest has been paid in full. On each substitute Certificate issued in exchange for or replacement of any Certificate or Certificates issued under this Ordinance there shall be printed thereon a Paying Agent/Registrar's Authentication Certificate, in the form hereinafter set forth in the FORM OF CERTIFICATE (the "Authentication Certificate"). An authorized representative of the Paying Agent/Registrar shall, before the delivery of any such substitute Certificate, date such substitute Certificate in the manner set forth above, and manually sign and date the Authentication Certificate, and no such substitute Certificate shall be deemed to be issued or outstanding unless the Authentication Certificate is so executed. The Paying Agent/Registrar promptly shall cancel all Certificates surrendered for exchange or replacement. No additional ordinances, orders, or resolutions need be passed or adopted by the City Council or any other body or person so as to accomplish the foregoing exchange or replacement of any Certificates or portion thereof, and the Paying Agent/Registrar shall provide for the printing, execution, and delivery of the substitute Certificate in the manner prescribed herein. Pursuant to Chapter 1206, Texas Government Code, the duty of exchange or replacement of any Certificates as aforesaid is hereby imposed upon the Paying Agent/Registrar, and, upon the execution of Authentication Certificate, the exchanged or replaced Certificate shall be valid, incontestable, and enforceable in the same manner and with the same effect as the Certificates which originally were delivered pursuant to this Ordinance, approved by the Attorney General, and registered by the Comptroller of Public Accounts. Neither the City nor the Paying Agent/Registrar shall be required to transfer or exchange any Certificate so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, within 45 calendar days of the date fixed for redemption; provided, however, such limitation of transfer shall not be applicable to an exchange by the registered owner of the uncalled principal of a Certificate. (e) All Certificates issued in exchange or replacement of any other Certificate or portion thereof, (i) shall be issued in fully registered form, without interes t coupons, with the principal of and interest on such Certificates to be payable only to the registered owners thereof, (ii) may be redeemed prior to their scheduled maturities, (iii) may be transferred and assigned, (iv) may be exchanged for other Certificates, (v) shall have the characteristics, (vi) shall be signed and sealed, and (vii) the principal of and interest on the Certificates shall be payable, all as provided, and in the manner required or indicated, in the FORM OF CERTIFICATE. (f) The City shall pay the Paying Agent/Registrar's reasonable and customary fees and charges for making transfers of Certificates, but the registered owner of any Certificate requesting such transfer shall pay any taxes or other governmental charges required to be paid with respect thereto. The registered owner of any Certificates requesting any exchange shall pay the Paying Agent/Registrar's reasonable and standard or customary fees and charges for exchanging any such certificate or portion thereof, together with any taxes or governmental charges required to be paid with respect thereto, all as a condition precedent to the exercise of such privilege of exchange, except, however, that in the case of the exchange of an assigned and transferred Certificate or Certificates or an y portion or portions thereof in an Authorized 7 Denomination, as provided in this Ordinance, such fees and charges will be paid by the City. In addition, the City hereby covenants with the registered owners of the Certificates that it will (i) pay the reasonable and standard or customary fees and charges of the Paying Agent/Registrar for its services with respect to the payment of the principal of and interest on Certificates, when due, and (ii) pay the fees and charges of the Paying Agent/Registrar for ser vices with respect to the transfer or registration of Certificates solely to the extent above provided, and with respect to the exchange of Certificates solely to the extent above provided. (g) The City covenants with the registered owners of the Certificates that at all times while the Certificates are outstanding the City will provide a competent and legally qualified bank, trust company, financial institution, or other agency to act as and perform the services of Paying Agent/Registrar for the Certificates under this Ordinance, and that the Paying Agent/Registrar will be one entity. The City reserves the right to, and may, at its option, change the Paying Agent/Registrar upon not less than sixty days written notice to the Paying Agent/Registrar. In the event that the entity at any time acting as Paying Agent/Registrar (or its successor by merger, acquisition, or other method) should resign or otherwise cease to act as such, the City covenants that it will promptly appoint a competent and legally qualified national or state banking institution which shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any state, authorized under such laws to exercise trust powers, subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority, and whose qualifications substantially are similar to the previous Paying Agent/Registrar to act as Paying Agent/Registrar under this Ordinance. Upon any change in the Paying Agent/Registrar, the previous Paying Agent/Registrar promptly shall transfer and deliver the Registration Books (or a copy thereof), along with all other pertinent books and records relating to the Certificates, to the new Paying Agent/Registrar designated and appointed by the City. Upon any change in the Paying Agent/Registrar, the City promptly will cause a written notice thereof to be sent by the new Paying Agent/Registrar to each registered owner of the Certificates, by United States mail, first-class postage prepaid, which notice also shall give the addres s of the new Paying Agent/Registrar. By accepting the position and performing as such, each Paying Agent/Registrar shall be deemed to have agreed to the provisions of this Ordinance, and a certified copy of this Ordinance shall be delivered to each Paying Agent/Registrar. Section 4. FORM OF CERTIFICATES. The form of the Certificates, including the form of the Authentication Certificate, the form of Assignment and the form of Registration Certificate of the Comptroller of Public Accounts of the State of Texas to be attached to the Certificates initially issued and delivered pursuant to this Ordinance, shall be in substantially the form as set forth in Exhibit A to this Ordinance, shall be numbered consecutively from R-1 upward, with the Initial Certificate being numbered T-1, with such appropriate variations, omissions, or insertions as are permitted or required by this Ordinance and with the FORM OF CERTIFICATE to be modified pursuant to, and completed with information set forth in the Pricing Certificate. The FORM OF CERTIFICATE as it appears in Exhibit A shall be completed, amended and modified by Bond Counsel to incorporate the information set forth in the Pricing Certificate but it is not required for the FORM OF CERTIFICATE to reproduced a s an exhibit to the Pricing Certificate. The printer of the Certificates is hereby authorized to print on the Certificates (i) the form of bond counsel's opinion relating to the Certificates, and (ii) an appropriate statement of insurance furnished by a municipal bond insurance company providing municipal bond insurance, if any, covering all or any part of the Certificates. 8 Section 5. RESERVED. Section 6. LEVY OF TAX; INTEREST AND SINKING FUND; REVENUE PLEDGE. (a) That a special fund or account, to be designated the "City of College Station, Texas Series 2019 Certificate of Obligation Interest and Sinking Fund" (the "Interest and Sinking Fund") is hereby created and shall be established and maintained by the City. The Interest and Sinking Fund shall be kept separate and apart from all other funds and accounts of the City, and shall be used only for paying the interest on and principal of the Certificates. All ad valorem taxes levied and collected for and on account of the Certificates shall be deposited, as collected, to the credit of the Interest and Sinking Fund. During each year while any of the Certificates are outstanding and unpaid, the governing body of the City shall compute and ascertain the rate and amount of ad valorem tax, based on the latest approved tax rolls of the City, with full allowances being made for tax delinquencies and the cost of tax collections, which will be sufficient to raise and produce the money required to pay the interest on the Certificates as such interest comes due, and to provide a sinking fund to pay the principal (including mandatory sinking fund redemption payments, if any) of the Certificates as such principal matures or comes due through operation of the mandatory sinking fund redemption, if any, but never less than 2% of the original amount of the Certificates as a sinking fund each year. The rate and amount of ad valorem tax is hereby ordered to be levied against all taxable property in the City for each year while any of the Certificates is outstanding and unpaid, and the ad valorem tax shall be assessed and collected each such year and deposited to the credit of the Interest and Sinking Fund. Ad valorem taxes necessary to pay the interest on and principal of the Certificates, as such interest comes due and such principal matures, are hereby pledged for such payment, within the limit prescribed by law. (b) That the Certificates are additionally secured by and shall be payable from a limited pledge of Surplus Revenues (not to exceed $1,000). The Surplus Revenues are pledged by the City pursuant to authority of Chapter 1502, Texas Government Code, specifically Section 1502.058 thereof. The City shall promptly deposit the Surplus Revenues upon their receipt to the credit of the Interest and Sinking Fund created pursuant to Section 6, to pay the principal and interest on the Certificates. The amount of Surplus Revenues pledged to the payment of the Certificates shall not exceed $1,000. If Surplus Revenues or any other lawfully available revenues, income or resources of the City are deposited or budgeted to be deposited in the Interest and Sinking Fund in advance of the time when ad valorem taxes are scheduled to be levied for any year, then the amount of taxes that otherwise would have been required to be levied pursuant to Section 6 may be reduced to the extent and by the amount of the Surplus Revenues or other lawfully available revenues, income or resources then on deposit or budgeted to be deposited to the credit of the Interest and Sinking Fund. Section 7. TRANSFER. That the City shall do any and all things necessary to accomplish the transfer of monies to the Interest and Sinking Fund of this issue in ample time to pay such items of principal and interest due on the Certificates. Section 8. SECURITY FOR FUNDS. That the Interest and Sinking Fund created by this Ordinance shall be secured in the manner and to the fullest extent permitted or required by law 9 for the security of public funds, and such Interest and Sinking Fund shall be used only for the purposes and in the manner permitted or required by this Ordinance. Section 9. DAMAGED, MUTILATED, LOST, STOLEN, OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES. (a) Replacement Certificates. That in the event any outstanding Certificate is damaged, mutilated, lost, stolen, or destroyed, the Paying Agent/Registrar shall cause to be printed, executed, and delivered, a new Certificate of the same principal amount, maturity, and interest rate, as the damaged, mutilated, lost, stolen, or destroyed Certificate, in replacement for such Certificate in the manner hereinafter provided. (b) Application for Replacement Certificates. That application for replacement of damaged, mutilated, lost, stolen, or destroyed Certificates shall be made by the registered owner thereof to the Paying Agent/Registrar. In every case of loss, theft, or destruction of a Certificate, the registered owner applying for a replacement Certificate shall furnish to the City and to the Paying Agent/Registrar such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless from any loss or damage with respect thereto. Also, in every case of loss, theft, or destruction of a Certificate, the registered owner shall furnish to the City and to the Paying Agent/Registrar evidence to their satisfaction of the loss, theft, or destruction of such Certificate, as the case may be. In every case of damage or mutilation of a Certificate, the registered owner shall surrender to the Paying Agent/Registrar for cancellation the Certificate so damaged or mutilated. (c) No Default Occurred. That notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section, in the event any such Certificate shall have matured, and no default has occurred which is then continuing in the payment of the principal of, redemption premium, if any, or interest on the Certificate, the City may authorize the payment of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a damaged or mutilated Certificate) instead of issuing a replacement certificate, provided security or indemnity is furnished as above provided in this Section. (d) Charge for Issuing Replacement Certificates. That prior to the issuance of any replacement Certificate, the Paying Agent/Registrar shall charge the registered owner of such Certificate with all legal, printing, and other expenses in connection therewith. Every replacement Certificate issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section by virtue of the fact that any Certificate is lost, stolen, or destroyed shall constitute a contractual obligation of the City whether or not the lost, stolen, or destroyed Certificate shall be found at any time, or be enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Ordinance equally and proportionately with any and all other Certificates duly issued under this Ordinance. (e) Authority for Issuing Replacement Certificates. That in accordance with Section 1201.067, Texas Government Code, this Section of this Ordinance shall constitute authority for the issuance of any such replacement Certificate without necessity of further action by the City or any other body or person, and the duty of the replacement of such Certificates is hereby authorized and imposed upon the Paying Agent/Registrar, and the Paying Agent/Registrar shall authenticate and deliver such Certificates in the form and manner and with the effect, as provided in Section 5(d) of this Ordinance for Certificates issued in conversion and exchange of other Certificates. 10 Section 10. FEDERAL INCOME TAX MATTERS. That the City covenants to refrain from any action which would adversely affect, or to take such action as to ensure, the treatment of the Certificates as obligations described in section 103 of the Code, the interest on which is not includable in the "gross income" of the holder for purposes of federal income taxation. In furtherance thereof, the City covenants as follows: (a) to take any action to assure that no more than 10 percent of the proceeds of the Certificates (less amounts deposited to a reserve fund, if any) are used for any "private business use," as defined in section 141(b)(6) of the Code or, if more than 10 percent of the proceeds are so used, that amounts, whether or not received by the City, with respect to such private business use, do not, under the terms of this Ordinance or any underlying arrangement, directly or indirectly, secure or provide for the payment of more than 10 percent of the debt service on the Certificates, in contravention of section 141(b)(2) of the Code; (b) to take any action to assure that in the event that the "private business use" described in subsection (a) hereof exceeds five percent of the proceeds of the Certificates (less amounts deposited into a reserve fund, if any) then the amount in excess of five percent is used for a "private business use" which is "related" and not "disproportionate", within the meaning of section 141(b)(3) of the Code, to the governmental use; (c) to take any action to assure that no amount which is greater than the lesser of $5,000,000, or five percent of the proceeds of the Certificates (less amounts deposited into a reserve fund, if any) is directly or indirectly used to finance loans to persons, other than state or local governmental units, in contravention of section 141(c) of the Code; (d) to refrain from taking any action which would otherwise result in the Certificates being treated as "private activity bonds" within the meaning of section 141(b) of the Code; (e) to refrain from taking any action that would result in the Certificates being "federally guaranteed" within the meaning of section 149(b) of the Code; (f) to refrain from using any portion of the proceeds of the Certificates, directly or indirectly, to acquire or to replace funds which were used, directly or indirectly, to acquire investment property (as defined in section 148(b)(2) of the Code) which produces a materially higher yield over the term of the Certificates, other than investment property acquired with – (1) proceeds of the Certificates invested for a reasonable temporary period of three years or less until such proceeds are needed for the purpose for which the Certificates are issued, (2) amounts invested in a bona fide debt service fund, within the meaning of section 1.148-1(b) of the Treasury Regulations, and (3) amounts deposited in any reasonably required reserve or replacement fund to the extent such amounts do not exceed 10 percent of the proceeds of the Certificates; (g) to otherwise restrict the use of the proceeds of the Certificates or amounts treated as proceeds of the Certificates, as may be necessary, so that the Certificates do not otherwise 11 contravene the requirements of section 148 of the Code (relating to arbitrage) and, to the extent applicable, section 149(d) of the Code; and (h) to pay to the United States of America at least once during each five-year period (beginning on the date of delivery of the Certificates) an amount that is at least equal to 90 percent of the "Excess Earnings," within the meaning of section 148(f) of the Code and to pay to the United States of America, not later than 60 days after the Certificates have been paid in full, 100 percent of the amount then required to be paid as a result of Excess Earnings under section 148(f) of the Code. For purposes of the foregoing (a) and (b), the City understands that the term "proceeds" includes "disposition proceeds" as defined in the Treasury Regulations and, in the case of refunding bonds, transferred proceeds (if any) and proceeds of the refunded bonds expended prior to the date of issuance of the Certificates. It is the understanding of the City that the covenants contained herein are intended to assure compliance with the Code and any regulations or rulings promulgated by the U.S. Department of the Treasury pursuant thereto. In the event that regulations or rulings are hereafter promulgated which modify or expand provisions of the Code, as applicable to the Certificates, the City will not be required to comply with any covenant contained herein to the extent that such failure to comply, in the opinion of nationally-recognized bond counsel, will not adversely affect the exemption from federal income taxation of interest on the Certificates under section 103 of the Code. In the event that regulations or rulings are hereafter promulgated which impose additional requirements which are applicable to the Certificates, the City agrees to comply with the additional requirements to the extent necessary, in the opinion of nationally-recognized bond counsel, to preserve the exemption from federal income taxation of interest on the Certificates under section 103 of the Code. In furtherance of such intention, the City hereby authorizes and directs the Mayor, the City Manager and any Assistant City Manager, severally, to execute any documents, certificates or reports required by the Code, and to make such elections on behalf of the City which may be permitted by the Code as are consistent with the purpose for the issuance of the Certificates. In order to facilitate compliance with clause (h) above, a "Rebate Fund" is hereby established by the City for the sole benefit of the United States of America, and such Fund shall not be subject to the claim of any other person, including without limitation the bondholders. The Rebate Fund is established for the additional purpose of compliance with section 148 of the Code. Section 11. ALLOCATION OF, AND LIMITATION ON, EXPENDITURES FOR THE PROJECT. That the City covenants to account for the expenditure of proceeds from the sale of the Certificates and any investment earnings thereon to be used for the purposes described in Section 1 of this Ordinance (such purpose referred to in this Section and Section 12 hereof as a "Project") on its books and records by allocating proceeds to expenditures within 18 months of the later of the date that (a) the expenditure on a Project is made or (b) such Project is completed. The foregoing notwithstanding, the City shall not expend such proceeds or investment earnings more than 60 days after the earlier of (a) the fifth anniversary of the date of delivery of the Certificates or (b) the date the Certificates are retired, unless the City obtains an opinion of nationally-recognized bond counsel substantially to the effect that such expenditure will not adversely affect the tax-exempt status of the Certificates. For purposes hereof, the City shall not 12 be obligated to comply with this covenant if it obtains an opinion that such failure to comply will not adversely affect the excludability for federal income tax purposes from gross income of the interest. Section 12. DISPOSITION OF PROJECT. That the City covenants that the property constituting a Project will not be sold or otherwise disposed in a transaction resulting in the receipt by the City of cash or other compensation, unless any action taken in connection with such disposition will not adversely affect the tax-exempt status of the Certificates. For purpose of the foregoing, the City may rely on an opinion of nationally-recognized bond counsel that the action taken in connection with such sale or other disposition will not adversely affect the tax- exempt status of the Certificates. For purposes of the foregoing, the portion of the property comprising personal property and disposed in the ordinary course shall not be treated as a transaction resulting in the receipt of cash or other compensation. For purposes hereof, the City shall not be obligated to comply with this covenant if it obtains an opinion that such failure to comply will not adversely affect the excludability for federal income tax purposes from gross income of the interest. Section 13. PROCEDURES TO MONITOR COMPLIANCE WITH TAX COVENANTS. The City hereby adopts the procedures attached hereto as Exhibit B as a means of monitoring compliance with the federal tax covenants made by the City herein. Section 14. CUSTODY, APPROVAL, AND REGISTRATION OF CERTIFICATES. That the Assistant City Manager of the City is hereby authorized to have control of the Certificates initially issued and delivered hereunder and all necessary records and proceedings pertaining to the Certificates pending their delivery and their investigation, examination, and approval by the Attorney General of the State of Texas, and their registration by the Comptroller of Public Accounts of the State of Texas. Upon registration of the Certificates said Comptroller of Public Accounts (or a deputy designated in writing to act for said Comptroller) shall manually sign the Comptroller's Registration Certificate attached to such Certificates, and the seal of said Comptroller shall be impressed, or placed in facsimile, on such certificate. The Certificates thus registered shall remain in the custody of the Assistant City Manager (or the designee thereof) until delivered to the Purchaser (as defined in Section 18 of this Ordinance). Section 15. DTC REGISTRATION. That the Certificates initially shall be issued and delivered in such manner that no physical distribution of the Certificates will be made to the public, and The Depository Trust Company ("DTC"), New York, New York, initially will act as depository for the Certificates. DTC has represented that it is a limited purpose trust company incorporated under the laws of the State of New York, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing corporation" within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code, and a "clearing agency" registered under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the City accepts, but in no way verifies, such representations. The Certificates initially authorized by this Ordinance shall be delivered to and registered in the name of CEDE & CO., the nominee of DTC. It is expected that DTC will hold the Certificates on behalf of the Purchaser and its participants. So long as each Certificate is registered in the name of CEDE & CO., the Paying Agent/Registrar shall treat and deal with DTC the same in all respects as if it were the actual and beneficial owner thereof. It is expected that DTC will maintain a book -entry system which will identify ownership of the Certificates in Authorized Denominations, with 13 transfers of ownership being effected on the records of DTC and its participants pursuant to rules and regulations established by them, and that the Certificates initially deposited with DTC shall be immobilized and not be further exchanged for substitute Certificates except as hereinafter provided. The City is not responsible or liable for any functions of DTC, will not be responsible for paying any fees or charges with respect to its services, will not be responsible or liable for maintaining, supervising, or reviewing the records of DTC or its participants, or protecting any interests or rights of the beneficial owners of the Certificates. It shall be the duty of the DTC Participants, as defined in the Official Statement herein approved, to make all arrangements with DTC to establish this book-entry system, the beneficial ownership of the Certificates, and the method of paying the fees and charges of DTC. The City does not represent, nor does it in any way covenant that the initial book-entry system established with DTC will be maintained in the future. Notwithstanding the initial establishment of the foregoing book-entry system with DTC, if for any reason any of the originally delivered Certificates is duly filed with the Paying Agent/Registrar with proper request for transfer and substitution, as provided for in this Ordinance, substitute Certificates will be duly delivered as provided in this Ordinance, and there will be no assurance or representation that any book-entry system will be maintained for such Certificates. In connection with the initial establishment of the foregoing book-entry system with DTC, the City heretofore has executed a "Blanket Letter of Representations" prepared by DTC in order to implement the book-entry system described above. Section 16. CONTINUING DISCLOSURE OBLIGATION PURSUANT TO RULE 15C2-12 (17 C.F.R. § 240.15C2-12). (a) Annual Reports. (i) The City will provide certain updated financial information and operating data to the MSRB on an annual basis in an electronic format that is prescribed by the MSRB and available via the Electronic Municipal Market Access System ("EMMA") at www.emma.msrb.org. The information to be updated includes all quantitative financial information and operating data with respect to the City of the general type included in the Official Statement under Tables numbered 1 through 6; 8 through 20 and in Appendix B. The City will update and provide the information in Tables 1 through 6 and 8 through 20 within six months after the end of each fiscal year ending in and after 2019. The City will additionally provide audited financial statements when and if available, and in any event, within 12 months after the end of each fiscal year ending in or after 2019. If the audit of such financial statements is not complete within 12 months after any such fiscal year end, then the City will file unaudited financial statements within such 12 month period and audited financial statements for the applicable fiscal year, when and if the audit report on such statements becomes available. Any such financial statements will be prepared in accordance with the accounting principles described in Appendix B of the Official Statement or such other accounting principles as the City may be required to employ from time to time pursuant to State law or regulation. (ii) The financial information and operating data to be provided may be set forth in full in one or more documents or may be included by specific reference to any document available to the public on the MSRB’s Internet Web site or filed with the SEC, as permitted by the Rule. If the City changes its fiscal year, it will notify the MSRB of 14 the change (and of the date of the new fiscal year end) prior to the next date by which the City otherwise would be required to provide financial information and operating data pursuant to this Section. The financial information and operating data to be provided pursuant to this Section may be set forth in full in one or more documents or may be included by specific reference to any document that is available to the public on the MSRB's internet website or filed with the SEC. All documents provided to the MSRB pursuant to this Section shall be accompanied by identifying information as prescribed by the MSRB. (b) Event Notices. The City shall notify the MSRB in an electronic format as prescribed by the MSRB, in a timely manner (but not in excess of ten Business Days after the occurrence of the event) of any of the following events with respect to the Certificates: 1. Principal and interest payment delinquencies; 2. Non-payment related defaults, if material; 3. Unscheduled draws on debt service reserves reflecting financial difficulties; 4. Unscheduled draws on credit enhancements reflecting financial difficulties; 5. Substitution of credit or liquidity providers, or their failure to perform; 6. Adverse tax opinions or the issuance by the Internal Revenue Service of proposed or final determinations of taxability, Notices of Proposed Issue (IRS Form 5701–TEB) or other material notices or determinations with respect to the tax status of the Certificates, or other material events affecting the tax status of the Certificates; 7. Modifications to rights of Certificateholders, if material; 8. Certificate calls, if material, and tender offers; 9. Defeasances; 10. Release, substitution, or sale of property securing repayment of the Certificates, if material; 11. Rating changes; 12. Bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar event of an obligated person (which is considered to occur when any of the following occur: the appointment of a receiver, fiscal agent, or similar officer for the City in a proceeding under the United States Bankruptcy Code or in any other proceeding under state or federal law in which a court or governmental authority has assumed jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or 15 business of the City, or if such jurisdiction has been assumed by leaving the existing governing body and officials or officers in possession but subject to the supervision and orders of a court or governmental authority, or the entry of an order confirming a plan of reorganization, arrangement, or liquidation by a court or governmental authority having supervision or jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or business of the City); 13. The consummation of a merger, consolidation, or acquisition involving an obligated person or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the obligated person, other than in the ordinary course of business, the entry into a definitive agreement to undertake such an action or the termination of a definitive agreement relating to any such actions, other than pursuant to its terms, if material; 14. Appointment of a successor or additional trustee or the change of name of a trustee, if material. 15. Incurrence of a Financial Obligation of the City, if material, or agreement to covenants, events of default, remedies, priority rights, or other similar terms of a Financial Obligation of the City, any of which affect Bondholders, if material. 16. Default, event of acceleration, termination event, modification of terms, or other similar events under the terms of a Financial Obligation of the City, any of which reflect financial difficulties. The City shall notify the MSRB, in a timely manner, of any failure by the City to provide financial information or operating data in accordance with this Section by the time required by such subsection. (c) Limitations, Disclaimers, and Amendments. (i) The City shall be obligated to observe and perform the covenants specified in this Section for so long as, but only for so long as, the City remains an "obligated person" with respect to the Certificates within the meaning of the Rule, except that the City in any event will give notice of any deposit made in accordance with this Ordinance or applicable law that causes Certificates no longer to be outstanding. (ii) The provisions of this Section are for the sole benefit of the registered owners and beneficial owners of the Certificates, and nothing in this Section, express or implied, shall give any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy, or claim hereunder to any other person. The City undertakes to provide only the financial information, operating data, financial statements, and notices which it has expressly agreed to provide pursuant to this Section and does not hereby undertake to provide any other information that may be relevant or material to a complete presentation of the City's financial results, condition, or prospects or hereby undertake to update any information provided in accordance with this Section or otherwise, except as expressly provided herein. The City 16 does not make any representation or warranty concerning such information or its usefulness to a decision to invest in or sell Certificates at any future date. (iii) UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE SHALL THE CITY BE LIABLE TO THE REGISTERED OWNER OR BENEFICIAL OWNER OF ANY CERTIFICATE OR ANY OTHER PERSON, IN CONTRACT OR TORT, FOR DAMAGES RESULTING IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM ANY BREACH BY THE CITY, WHETHER NEGLIGENT OR WITHOUT FAULT ON ITS PART, OF ANY COVENANT SPECIFIED IN THIS SECTION, BUT EVERY RIGHT AND REMEDY OF ANY SUCH PERSON, IN CONTRACT OR TORT, FOR OR ON ACCOUNT OF ANY SUCH BREACH SHALL BE LIMITED TO AN ACTION FOR MANDAMUS OR SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE. (iv) No default by the City in observing or performing its obligations under this Section shall comprise a breach of or default under this Ordinance for purposes of any other provision of this Ordinance. Nothing in this Section is intended or shall act to disclaim, waive, or otherwise limit the duties of the City under federal and state securities laws. (v) Should the Rule be amended to obligate the City to make filings with or provide notices to entities other than the MSRB, the City hereby agrees to undertake such obligation with respect to the Certificates in accordance with the Rule as amended. The provisions of this Section may be amended by the City from time to time to adapt to changed circumstances that arise from a change in legal requirements, a change in law, or a change in the identity, nature, status, or type of operations of the City, but only if (1) the provisions of this Section, as so amended, would have permitted an underwriter to purchase or sell Certificates in the primary offering of the Certificates in compliance with the Rule, taking into account any amendments or interpretations of the Rule since such offering as well as such changed circumstances and (2) either (a) the registered owners of a majority in aggregate principal amount (or any greater amount required by any other provision of this Ordinance that authorizes such an amendment) of the outstanding Certificates consent to such amendment or (b) a person that is unaffiliated with the City (such as nationally recognized bond counsel) determined that such amendment will not materially impair the interest of the registered owners and beneficial owners of the Certificates. If the City so amends the provisions of this Section, it shall include with any amended financial information or operating data next provided in accordance with subsection (b) of this Section an explanation, in narrative form, of the reason for the amendment and of the impact of any change in the type of financial information or operating data so provided. The City may also amend or repeal the provisions of this continuing disclosure agreement if the SEC amends or repeals the applicable provision of the Rule or a court of final jurisdiction enters judgment that such provisions of the Rule are invalid, but only if and to the extent that the provisions of this sentence would not prevent an underwriter from lawfully purchasing or selling Certificates in the primary offering of the Certificates. 17 (d) Procedures to Monitor Compliance with Continuing Disclosure Covenants. The City hereby adopts the procedures attached hereto as Exhibit B as a means of monitoring compliance with the continuing disclosure covenants made by the City herein. Section 17. DEFEASANCE. (a) Deemed Paid. Any Certificate and the interest thereon shall be deemed to be paid, retired and no longer outstanding (a "Defeased Certificate") within the meaning of this Ordinance, except to the extent provided in subsection (e) of this Section, when payment of the principal of such Certificate, plus interest thereon to the due date (whether such due date be by reason of maturity or otherwise) either (i) shall have been made or caused to be made in accordance with the terms thereof, or (ii) shall have been provided for on or before such due date by irrevocably depositing with or making available to the Paying Agent/Registrar in accordance with an escrow agreement or other instrument (the "Future Escrow Agreement") for such payment (1) lawful money of the United States of America sufficient to make such payment or (2) Defeasance Securities that mature as to principal and interest in such amounts and at such times as will insure the availability, without reinvestment, of sufficient money to provide for such payment, and when proper arrangements have been made by the City with the Paying Agent/Registrar for the payment of its services until all Defeased Certificates shall have become due and payable. At such time as a Certificate shall be deemed to be a Defeased Certificate hereunder, as aforesaid, such Certificate and the interest thereon shall no longer b e secured by, payable from, or entitled to the benefits of, the ad valorem taxes herein levied and pledged or the pledge of Surplus Revenues as provided in this Ordinance, and such principal and interest shall be payable solely from such money or Defeasance Securities. (b) Investments. Any moneys so deposited with the Paying Agent/Registrar may at the written direction of the City be invested in Defeasance Securities, maturing in the amounts and times as hereinbefore set forth, and all income from such Defeasance Securities received by the Paying Agent/Registrar that is not required for the payment of the Certificates and interest thereon, with respect to which such money has been so deposited, shall be turned over to the City, or deposited as directed in writing by the City. Any Future Escrow Agreement pursuant to which the money and/or Defeasance Securities are held for the payment of Defeased Certificates may contain provisions permitting the investment or reinvestment of such moneys in Defeasance Securities or the substitution of other Defeasance Securities upon the satisfaction of the requirements specified in subsection (a)(i) or (ii) above. All income from such Defeasance Securities received by the Paying Agent/Registrar which is not required for the payment of the Defeased Securities, with respect to which such money has been so deposited, shall be remitted to the City or deposited as directed in writing by the City. (c) Selection of Defeased Certificates. In the event that the City elects to defease less than all of the principal amount of Certificates of a maturity, the Paying Agent/Registrar shall select, or cause to be selected, such amount of Certificates by such random method as it deems fair and appropriate. (d) Defeasance Securities. The term "Defeasance Securities" means (i) direct, noncallable obligations of the United States of America, including obligations that are unconditionally guaranteed by the United States of America, (ii) noncallable obligations of an agency or instrumentality of the United States, including obligations that are unconditionally guaranteed or insured by the agency or instrumentality and that, on the date the governing body 18 of the City adopts or approves the proceedings authorizing the issuance of refunding bonds, are rated as to investment quality by a nationally recognized investment rating firm not less than AAA or its equivalent; (iii) noncallable obligations of a state or an agency or a county, municipality, or other political subdivision of a state that have been refunded and that, on the date the governing body of the City adopts or approves the proceedings authorizing the issuance of refunding bonds, are rated as to investment quality by a nationally recognized investment rating firm not less than AAA or its equivalent and (iv) any securities and obligations now or hereafter authorized by State law that are eligible to refund, retire or otherwise discharge obligations such as the Certificates. (e) Continuing Duty of Paying Agent/Registrar. Until all Certificates defeased under this Section of this Ordinance shall become due and payable, the Paying Agent/Registrar for such Certificates shall perform the services of Paying Agent/Registrar for such Certificates the same as if they had not been defeased, and the City shall make proper arrangements to provide and pay for such services. (f) The Pricing Officer is hereby authorized to modify the securities that are eligible as Defeasance Securities and any such modification shall described in the Pricing Certificate. Section 18. SALE OF CERTIFICATES; OFFICIAL STATEMENT. (a) The Certificates may be sold by public offering (either through a negotiated or competitive offering) and the terms and provisions of which are to be determined by the Pricing Officer in accordance with Section 2 hereof, and in which the purchasers of the Certificates are designated. The Certificates may be sold pursuant to a purchase agreement or notice of sale and bidding instructions (collectively, the "Purchase Agreement") which the Pricing Officer is hereby authorized to execute and deliver and in which the Purchaser of the Certificates shall be designated. The Certificates shall initially be registered in the name of the Purchaser thereof as set forth in the Pricing Certificate. (b) The City hereby approves the form and content of the draft preliminary official statement relating to the Certificates in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C and any addenda, supplement or amendment thereto, and deems final the preliminary official statement and approves the distribution of such preliminary official statement in the reoffering of the Certificates by the Purchaser, with such changes therein or additions thereto as the Pricing Officer executing the same may deem advisable or as are required by the Rule. The Pricing Officer is hereby authorized, in the name and on behalf of the City, to approve, distribute, and deliver a final preliminary official statement and a final official statement relating to the Certificates to be used by the Purchaser in the marketing of the Certificates. (c) The Pricing Officer is authorized, in connection with effecting the sale of the Certificates, to obtain from a municipal bond insurance company so designated in the Pricing Certificate (the "Insurer") a municipal bond insurance policy (the "Insurance Policy") in support of the Certificates. To that end, should the Pricing Officer exercise such authority and commit the City to obtain a municipal bond insurance policy, for so long as the Insurance Policy is in effect, the requirements of the Insurer relating to the issuance of the Insurance Policy are incorporated by reference into this Ordinance and made a part hereof for all purposes, notwithstanding any other provision of this Ordinance to the contrary. The Pricing Officer shall 19 have the authority to execute any documents to effect the issuance of the Insurance Policy by the Insurer. (d) The Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem, the City Manager, the Assistant City Manager, Director of Finance and City Secretary, shall be and they are hereby expressly authorized, empowered and directed from time to time and at any time to do and perform all such acts and things and to execute, acknowledge and deliver in the name and under the corporate seal and on behalf of the City a Paying Agent/Registrar Agreement, in the form presented at the meeting at which this Ordinance is adopted, with the Paying Agent/Registrar and all other instruments, whether or not herein mentioned, as may be necessary or desirable in order to carry out the terms and provisions of this Ordinance, the Certificates, the sale of the Certificates, the Purchase Agreement and the Official Statement. In case any officer whose signature shall appear on any Certificate shall cease to be such officer before the delivery of such Certificate, such signature shall nevertheless be valid and sufficient for all purposes the same as if such officer had remained in office until such delivery. Section 19. FURTHER PROCEDURES. That the Mayor, the City Secretary, the City Manager, the Assistant City Manager, and Director of Finance, shall be and they are hereby expressly authorized, empowered, and directed from time to time and at any time to do and perform all such acts and things and to execute, acknowledge, and deliver in the name and under the corporate seal and on behalf of the City all such instruments, whether or not herein mentioned, as may be necessary or desirable in order to carry out the terms and provisions of this Ordinance, and the sale and delivery of the Certificates and fixing all details in connection therewith. The City Council hereby authorizes the payment of the fee of the Office of the Attorney General of the State of Texas for the examination of the proceedings relating to the issuance of the Certificates, in the amount determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 1202.004, Texas Government Code. Section 20. CONSTRUCTION FUND; USE OF PROCEEDS. (a) The City hereby creates and establishes and shall maintain on the books of the City a separate fund to be entitled the "Series 2019 Certificates of Obligation Construction Fund" (the "Construction Fund") for use by the City for payment of all lawful costs associated with the acquisition and construction of the projects as provided in Section 1. (b) The proceeds from the sale of the Certificates shall be deposited, on the date of closing, in the manner described in a letter of instructions prepared by the City or on behalf of the City by the City's financial advisor. The foregoing notwithstanding, any proceeds representing accrued interest on the Certificates shall be deposited to the credit of the Interest and Sinking Fund. Section 21. INTEREST EARNINGS. That the interest earnings derived from the investment of proceeds from the sale of the Certificates may be used along with other proceeds for the construction of the permanent improvements set forth in Section 1 hereof for which the Certificates are issued; provided that after completion of such permanent improvements, if any of such interest earnings remain on hand, such interest earnings shall be deposited in the Interest and Sinking Fund. It is further provided, however, that any interest earnings on proceeds which 20 are required to be rebated to the United States of America pursuant to this Ordinance hereof in order to prevent the Certificates from being arbitrage bonds shall be so rebated and not considered as interest earnings for the purposes of this Section. Section 22. DEFAULT AND REMEDIES. (a) Events of Default. Each of the following occurrences or events for the purpose of this Ordinance is hereby declared to be an Event of Default: (i) the failure to make payment of the principal of or interest on any of the Certificates when the same becomes due and payable; or (ii) default in the performance or observance of any other covenant, agreement or obligation of the City, the failure to perform which materially, adversely affects the rights of the registered owners of the Certificates, including, but not limited to, their prospect or ability to be repaid in accordance with this Ordinance, and the continuation thereof for a period of 60 days after notice of such default is given by any registered owner to the City. (b) Remedies for Default. (i) Upon the happening of any Event of Default, then and in every case, any registered owner or an authorized representative thereof, including, but not limited to, a trustee or trustees therefor, may proceed against the City, or any official, officer or employee of the City in their official capacity, for the purpose of protecting and enforcing the rights of the registered owners under this Ordinance, by mandamus or other suit, action or special proceeding in equity or at law, in any court of competent jurisdiction, for any relief permitted by law, including the specific performance of any covenant or agreement contained herein, or thereby to enjoin any act or thing that may b e unlawful or in violation of any right of the registered owners hereunder or any combination of such remedies. (ii) It is provided that all such proceedings shall be instituted and maintained for the equal benefit of all registered owners of Certificates then outstanding. (c) Remedies Not Exclusive. (i) No remedy herein conferred or reserved is intended to be exclusive of any other available remedy or remedies, but each and every such remedy shall be cumulative and shall be in addition to every other remedy given hereunder or under the Certificates or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity; provided, however, that notwithstanding any other provision of this Ordinance, the right to accelerate the debt evidenced by the Certificates shall not be available as a remed y under this Ordinance. (ii) The exercise of any remedy herein conferred or reserved shall not be deemed a waiver of any other available remedy. 21 (iii) By accepting the delivery of a Certificate authorized under this Ordinance, such registered owner agrees that the certifications required to effectuate any covenants or representations contained in this Ordinance do not and shall never constitute or give rise to a personal or pecuniary liability or charge against the officers, employees or members of the City or the City Council. (iv) None of the members of the City Council, nor any other official or officer, agent, or employee of the City, shall be charged personally by the registered owners with any liability, or be held personally liable to the registered owners under any term or provision of this Ordinance, or because of any Event of Default or alleged Event of Default under this Ordinance. Section 23. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. (a) Preamble. The preamble to this Ordinance is incorporated by reference and made a part hereof for all purposes. (b) Titles Not Restrictive. That the titles assigned to the various sections of this Ordinance are for convenience only and shall not be considered restrictive of the subject matter of any section or of any part of this Ordinance. (c) Rules of Construction. The words "herein", "hereof" and "hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Ordinance as a whole and not to any particular section or other subdivision. Except where the context otherwise requires, terms defined in this Ordinance to impart the singular number shall be considered to include the plural number and vice versa. References to any named person means that party and its successors and assigns. References to any constitutional, statutory or regulatory provision means such provision as it exists on the date this Ordinance is adopted by the City and any future amendments thereto or successor provisions thereof. Any reference to "FORM OF CERTIFICATE" shall refer to the form of the Certificates set forth in Exhibit A to this Ordinance. Any reference to the payment of principal in this Ordinance shall be deemed to include the payment of any mandatory sinking fund redemption payments as may be described herein. (d) Inconsistent Provisions. All ordinances, orders and resolutions, or parts thereof, which are in conflict or inconsistent with any provision of this Ordinance are hereby repealed and declared to be inapplicable, and the provisions of this Ordinance shall be and remain controlling as to the matters prescribed herein. (e) Severability. If any word, phrase, clause, paragraph, sentence, part, portion, or provision of this Ordinance or the application thereof to any person or circumstance shall be held to be invalid, the remainder of this Ordinance shall nevertheless be valid and the City hereby declares that this Ordinance would have been enacted without such invalid word, phrase, clause, paragraph, sentence, part, portion, or provisions. (f) Governing Law. This Ordinance shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Texas. (g) Open Meeting. The City officially finds and determines that the meeting at which this Ordinance is adopted was open to the public; and that public notice of the time, place, and purpose of such meeting was given, all as required by Chapter 551, Texas Government Code. 22 (h) Application of Chapter 1208, Government Code. Chapter 1208, Texas Government Code, applies to the issuance of the Certificates and the pledge of ad valorem taxes and the Surplus Revenues granted by the City under Section 6(b), and such pledge is therefore valid, effective, and perfected. If Texas law is amended at any time while the Certificates are outstanding and unpaid such that the pledge of the ad valorem taxes and Surplus Revenues granted by the City is to be subject to the filing requirements of Chapter 9, Texas Business & Commerce Code, then in order to preserve to the Registered Owners of the Certificates the perfection of the security interest in said pledge, the City agrees to take such measures as it determines are reasonable and necessary under Texas law to comply with the applicable provisions of Chapter 9, Texas Business & Commerce Code and enable a filing to perfect the security interest in said pledge to occur. (i) Immediate Effect. In accordance with the provisions of Section 1201.028, Texas Government Code, this Ordinance shall be effective immediately upon its adoption by the City Council. [Remainder of page intentionally left blank.] Ordinance City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019 SIGNATURE PAGE PASSED, APPROVED AND EFFECTIVE THIS MAY 13, 2019. City Secretary; City of College Station Mayor; City of College Station (CITY SEAL) APPROVED: McCall, Parkhurst & Horton L.L.P., Dallas, Texas Bond Counsel A-1 EXHIBIT A FORM OF CERTIFICATE The form of the Certificates, including the form of Paying Agent/Registrar's Authentication Certificate, the form of Assignment and the form of Registration Certificate of the Comptroller of Public Accounts of the State of Texas to be attached only to the Certificates initially issued and delivered pursuant to this Ordinance, shall be, respectively, substantially as follows, with such appropriate variations, omissions, or insertions as are permitted or required by this Ordinance and with the Certificates to be completed with information set forth in the Pricing Certificate. The Form of Certificate as it appears in this Exhibit A shall be completed, amended and modified by Bond Counsel to incorporate the information set forth in the Pricing Certificate but it is not required for the Form of Certificate to reproduced as an exhibit to the Pricing Certificate. NO. _____ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA STATE OF TEXAS COUNTY OF BRAZOS CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS CERTIFICATES OF OBLIGATION SERIES 2019 Principal Amount $[] MATURITY DATE INTEREST RATE DELIVERY DATE CUSIP NO. % [], 2019 REGISTERED OWNER: PRINCIPAL AMOUNT: ON THE MATURITY DATE SPECIFIED ABOVE, THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS, in Brazos County (the "City"), being a political subdivision of the State of Texas, hereby promises to pay to the Registered Owner specified above or to the registered assignee hereof (either being hereinafter called the "registered owner") the Principal Amount specified above, and to pay interest thereon (calculated on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months), from the Delivery Date specified above, to the Maturity Date specified above, or the date of its redemption prior to scheduled maturity, at the interest rate per annum specified above, with said interest payable on February 15, 20[20], and semiannually on each August 15 and February 15 thereafter until maturity or prior redemption; except that if this Certificate is required to be authenticated and the date of its authentication is later than February 15, 20[20], such interest is payable semiannually on each August 15 and February 15 following such date. A-2 THE PRINCIPAL OF AND INTEREST ON this Certificate are payable in lawful money of the United States of America, without exchange or collection charges. At maturity or redemption prior to maturity, the principal of this Certificate shall be paid to the registered owner hereof upon presentation and surrender of this Certificate at the designated corporate trust office in Dallas, Texas (the "Designated Trust Office") of The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., which is the "Paying Agent/Registrar" for this Certificate. The payment of interest on this Certificate shall be made by the Paying Agent/Registrar to the registered owner hereof on each interest payment date by check, dated as of such interest payment date, drawn by the Paying Agent/Registrar on, and payable solely from, funds of the City required by the ordinance authorizing the issuance of this Certificate (the "Certificate Ordinance") to be on deposit with the Paying Agent/Registrar for such purpose as hereinafter provided; and such check shall be sent by the Paying Agent/Registrar by United States mail, first -class postage prepaid, on each such interest payment date, to the registered owner hereof, at its address as it appeared on the last business day of the month preceding each such date (the "Record Date") on the Registration Books kept by the Paying Agent/Registrar, as hereinafter described. Any accrued interest due at maturity as provided herein shall be paid to the registered owner upon presentation and surrender of this Certificate for payment at the Designated Trust Office of the Paying Agent/Registrar. The City covenants with the registered owner of this Certificate that on or before each principal and interest payment date for this Certificate it will make available to the Paying Agent/Registrar, from the "Interest and Sinking Fund" created by the Certificate Ordinance, the amounts required to provide for the payment, in immediately available funds, of all principal of and interest on the Certificates, when due. IN THE EVENT OF NON-PAYMENT of interest on a scheduled payment date, and for 30 days thereafter, a new record date for such interest payment (a "Special Record Date") will be established by the Paying Agent/Registrar, if and when funds for the payment of such interest have been received from the City. Notice of the Special Record Date and of the scheduled payment date of the past due interest ("Special Payment Date", which shall be 15 days after the Special Record Date) shall be sent at least five business days prior to the Special Record Date by United States mail, first-class postage prepaid, to the address of each registered owner of a Certificate appearing on the Registration Books kept by the Paying Agent/Registrar at the close of business on the last business day next preceding the date of mailing of such notice. IF THE DATE for the payment of the principal of or interest on this Certificate shall be a Saturday, Sunday, a legal holiday, or a day on which banking institutions in the city where the Designated Trust Office of the Paying Agent/Registrar is located are authorized by law or executive order to close, then the date for such payment shall be the next succeeding day which is not such a Saturday, Sunday, legal holiday, or day on which banking institutions are authorized to close; and payment on such date shall have the same force and effect as if made on the original date payment was due. THIS CERTIFICATE is one of a Series of Certificates dated as of June 1, 2019, authorized in accordance with the Constitution and laws of the State of Texas in the principal amount of $[___], for the purpose of paying contractual obligations to be incurred by the City for the following public purposes: (i) constructing and improving streets and roads including related drainage, landscaping, signalization, lighting, pedestrian improvements and signage related thereto; (ii) designing, constructing, equipping and installing parks and recreation equipment and A-3 improvements including park infrastructure improvements and park rehabilitation, lighting, shade structures and pavilions; (iii) purchasing and installing technology improvements including video surveillance, diagnostic systems, fiber optic infrastructure, fuel system rehabilitation, and communication equipment; (iv) designing and constructing a new City Hall; (v) designing and constructing a new police station; (vi) improvements to fleet maintenance facilities consisting of oil pit and storm drain upgrades; (vii) constructing improvements and extensions to the City's combined waterworks, sewer and electric systems including distribution, transmission, system lines, lift stations, metering, wells, plant improvements, and acquisition of interests in land for such purposes; and (viii) the payment of fiscal, engineering and legal fees incurred in connection therewith.. ON FEBRUARY 15, 20[], or on any date thereafter, the Certificates of this Series maturing on February 15, 20[] and thereafter may be redeemed prior to their scheduled maturities, at the option of the City, in whole, or in part, at par and accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption. The years of maturity of the Certificates called for redemption at the option of the City prior to their stated maturity shall be selected by the City. The Certificates or portions thereof redeemed within a maturity shall be selected by lot or other method by the Paying Agent/Registrar; provided, that during any period in which ownership of the Certificates is determined only by a book entry at a securities depository for the Certificates, if fewer than all of the Certificates of the same maturity and bearing the same interest rate are to be redeemed, the particular Certificates of such maturity and bearing such interest rate shall be selected in accordance with the arrangements between the City and the securities depository. AT LEAST THIRTY days prior to the date fixed for any such redemption, a written notice of such redemption shall be given to the registered owner of each Certificate or a portion thereof being called for redemption by depositing such notice in the United States mail, first - class postage prepaid, addressed to each such registered owner at his address shown on the Registration Books of the Paying Agent/Registrar. By the date fixed for any such redemption due provision shall be made by the City with the Paying Agent/Registrar for the payment of the required redemption price for this Certificate or the portion hereof which is to be so redeemed, plus accrued interest thereon to the date fixed for redemption. If such notice of redemption is given, and if due provision for such payment is made, all as provided above, this Certificate, or the portion hereof which is to be so redeemed, thereby automatically shall be redeemed prior to its scheduled maturity, and shall not bear interest after the date fixed for its redemption, and shall not be regarded as being outstanding except for the right of the registered owner to receive the redemption price plus accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption from the Paying Agent/Registrar out of the funds provided for such payment. The Paying Agent/Registrar shall record in the Registration Books all such redemptions of principal of this Certificate or any portion hereof. If a portion of any Certificate shall be redeemed a substitute Certificate or Certificates having the same maturity date, bearing interest at the same rate, in Authorized Denominations, at the written request of the registered owner, and in aggregate principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof, will be issued to the registered owner upon the surrender thereof for cancellation, at the expense of the City, all as provided in the Ordinance. IF AT THE TIME OF MAILING of notice of optional redemption there shall not have either been deposited with the Paying Agent/Registrar or legally authorized escrow agent immediately available funds sufficient to redeem all the Certificates called for redemption, such A-4 notice must state that it is conditional, and is subject to the deposit of the redemption moneys with the Paying Agent/Registrar or legally authorized escrow agent at or prior to the redemption date, and such notice shall be of no effect unless such moneys are so deposited on or prior to the redemption date. If such redemption is not effectuated, the Paying Agent/Registrar shall, within five days thereafter, give notice in the manner in which the notice of redemption was given that such moneys were not so received and shall rescind the redemption. ALL CERTIFICATES OF THIS SERIES are issuable solely as fully registered certificates, without interest coupons, in Authorized Denominations. As provided in the Certificate Ordinance, this Certificate may, at the request of the registered owner or the assignee or assignees hereof, be assigned, transferred, and exchanged for a like aggregate principal amount of fully registered certificates, without interest coupons, payable to the appropriate registered owner, assignee, or assignees, as the case may be, having the same maturity date, and bearing interest at the same rate, in Authorized Denominations as requested in writing by the appropriate registered owner, assignee, or assignees, as the case may be, upon surrende r of this Certificate to the Paying Agent/Registrar at its Designated Trust Office for cancellation, all in accordance with the form and procedures set forth in the Certificate Ordinance. Among other requirements for such assignment and transfer, this Certificate must be presented and surrendered to the Paying Agent/Registrar at its Designated Trust Office, together with proper instruments of assignment, in form and with guarantee of signatures satisfactory to the Paying Agent/Registrar, evidencing assignment of this Certificate or any portion or portions hereof in an Authorized Denomination to the assignee or assignees in whose name or names this Certificate or any such portion or portions hereof is or are to be transferred and registered. The form of Assignment printed or endorsed on this Certificate may be executed by the registered owner to evidence the assignment hereof, but such method is not exclusive, and other instruments of assignment satisfactory to the Paying Agent/Registrar may be used to evide nce the assignment of this Certificate or any portion or portions hereof from time to time by the registered owner. The foregoing notwithstanding, in the case of the exchange of an assigned and transferred Certificate or Certificates or any portion or portions thereof, such fees and charges of the Paying Agent/Registrar will be paid by the City. The one requesting such exchange shall pay the Paying Agent/Registrar's reasonable standard or customary fees and charges for exchanging any Certificate or portion thereof. In any circumstance, any taxes or governmental charges required to be paid with respect thereto shall be paid by the one requesting such assignment, transfer, or exchange as a condition precedent to the exercise of such privilege. In any circumstance, neither the City nor the Paying Agent/Registrar shall be required (1) to make any transfer or exchange during a period beginning at the opening of business 30 days before the day of the first mailing of a notice of redemption of Certificates and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (2) to transfer or exchange any Certificates so selected for redemption when such redemption is scheduled to occur within 45 calendar days. WHENEVER the beneficial ownership of this Certificate is determined by a book entry at a securities depository for the Certificates, the foregoing requirements of holding, delivering or transferring this Certificate shall be modified to require the appropriate person or entity to meet the requirements of the securities depository as to registering or transferring the book entry to produce the same effect. A-5 IN THE EVENT any Paying Agent/Registrar for the Certificates is changed by the City, resigns, or otherwise ceases to act as such, the City has covenanted in the Certificate Ordinance that it promptly will appoint a competent and legally qualified substitute therefor, and promptly will cause written notice thereof to be mailed to the registered owners of the Certificates. IT IS HEREBY certified, recited and covenanted that this Certificate has been duly and validly authorized, issued, and delivered; that all acts, conditions, and things required or proper to be performed, exist, and be done precedent to or in the authorization, issuance, and delivery of this Certificate have been performed, existed, and been done in accordance with law; that this Certificate is a direct obligation of said City, issued on the full faith and credit thereof; and that in accordance with the terms of the Certificate Ordinance, annual ad valorem taxes sufficient to provide for the payment of the interest on and principal of this Certificate, as such interest comes due and such principal matures, have been levied and ordered to be levied against all taxable property in said City, and have been pledged for such payment, within the limit prescribed by law; and that a limited pledge (not to exceed $1,000) of the Surplus Revenues from the operation of the City's combined municipal electric light and power, waterworks and sewer system remaining after payment of all operation and maintenance expenses thereof and any other obligations heretofore or hereafter incurred to which such revenues have been or shall be encumbered by a lien on and pledge of such revenues superior to the lien on and pledge of such revenues to the Certificates, have been pledged as additional security for the Certificates. BY BECOMING the registered owner of this Certificate, the registered owner thereby acknowledges all of the terms and provisions of the Certificate Ordinance, agrees to be bound by such terms and provisions, acknowledges that the Certificate Ordinance is duly recorded and available for inspection in the official minutes and records of the City, and agrees that the terms and provisions of this Certificate and the Certificate Ordinance constitute a contract between each registered owner hereof and the City. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Certificate has been signed with the manual or facsimile signature of the Mayor of the City, attested by the manual or facsimile signature of the City Secretary, and the official seal of the City has been duly affixed to, or impressed, or placed in facsimile, on this Certificate. xxxxx xxxxx City Secretary; City of College Station Mayor; City of College Station (SEAL) FORM OF PAYING AGENT/REGISTRAR'S AUTHENTICATION CERTIFICATE PAYING AGENT/REGISTRAR'S AUTHENTICATION CERTIFICATE It is hereby certified that this Certificate of Obligation has been issued under the provisions of the proceedings adopted by the City as described in the text of this Certificate of A-6 Obligation; and that this Certificate of Obligation has been issued in exchange for or replacement of a Certificate of Obligation of an issue which originally was approved by the Attorney General of the State of Texas and registered by the Comptroller of Public Accounts of the State of Texas. Dated: _______________ The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. Paying Agent/Registrar By: Authorized Representative [FORM OF COMPTROLLER'S CERTIFICATE ATTACHED TO THE CERTIFICATE (CERTIFICATE NO. T-1) UPON INITIAL DELIVERY THEREOF] COMPTROLLER'S CERTIFICATE OFFICE OF COMPTROLLER § REGISTER NO. ________ STATE OF TEXAS § I hereby certify that there is on file and of record in my office a certificate of the Attorney General of the State of Texas to the effect that this Certificate has been examined by him as required by law, and that he finds that it has been issued in conformity with the Constitution and laws of the State of Texas, and that it is a valid and binding obligation of the City of College Station, Texas, payable in the manner provided by and in the ordinance authorizing same, and said Certificate has this day been registered by me. WITNESS MY HAND and seal of office at Austin, Texas this ___________________. __________________________________________ Comptroller of Public Accounts of the State of Texas (SEAL) FORM OF ASSIGNMENT ASSIGNMENT For value received, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto: A-7 Please insert Social Security or Taxpayer Identification Number of Transferee Please print or type name and address, including zip code of Transferee the within Certificate and all rights thereunder, and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints: ____________________________________, attorney, to register the transfer of the within Certificate on the books kept for registration thereof, with full power of substitution in the premises. Dated: __________________. Signature Guaranteed: NOTICE: Signature(s) must be guaranteed by an eligible guarantor institution participating in a securities transfer association recognized signature guarantee program. NOTICE: The signature above must correspond with the name of the registered owner as it appears upon the front of this Certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever. INSERTIONS FOR THE INITIAL CERTIFICATE. The initial Certificate shall be in the form set forth in paragraph (a) of this Form of Certificate, except that: i. immediately under the name of the Certificate, the headings "INTEREST RATE" and "MATURITY DATE" shall both be completed with the words "As shown below" and "CUSIP NO. _____" shall be deleted. ii. the first paragraph shall be deleted and the following will be inserted: THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS, in Brazos County, Texas (the "City"), being a political subdivision of the State of Texas, hereby promises to pay to the Registered Owner specified above or to the registered assignee hereof (either being hereinafter called the "registered owner") on the Maturity Dates, in the Principal Amounts and bearing interest at the per annum Interest Rates set forth in the following schedule: Maturity Date Principal Amount Interest Rate A-8 The City promises to pay interest on the unpaid principal amount hereof (calculated on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months) from the Delivery Date above at the respective Interest Rate per annum specified above. Interest is payable on February 15, 20[20] and on each August 15 and February 15 thereafter to the date of payment of the Principal Amounts specified above, or the date of redemption prior to maturity; except, that if this Certificate is required to be authenticated and the date of its authentication is later than the first Record Date (hereinafter defined), such principal amount shall bear interest from the interest payment date next preceding the date of authentication, unless such date of authentication is after any Record Date but on or before the next following interest payment date, in which case such principal amount shall bear interest from such next following interest payment date; provided, however, that if on the date of authentication hereof the interest on the Certificate or Certificates, if any, for which this Certificate is being exchanged is due but has not been paid, then this Certificate shall bear interest from the date to which such interest has been paid in full." iii. The initial Certificate shall be numbered "T-1." B-1 EXHIBIT B PROCEDURES REGARDING COMPLIANCE WITH FEDERAL TAX COVENANTS This Exhibit is intended to assist the City of College Station (the "City") in complying with the federal income tax covenants and securities disclosure covenants as they apply to the issuance of tax-exempt debt securities such as the Certificates of Obligation (the "Obligations"). These procedures should be read together with any federal tax certifications, bond covenants, letters or memoranda from bond counsel and any attachments thereto (collectively, the "Closing Documents"). Failure to comply with federal guidelines could have serious consequences for investors, the City and its officials. These procedures shall apply to the Obligations, until they are superseded by a change in circumstances at which time the City's bond counsel will propose new procedures to be adopted. I. FEDERAL TAX LAW 1. Arbitrage Compliance. Arbitrage refers to the difference between the interest paid on tax-exempt Obligations and the interest earned by investing the proceeds of tax-exempt Obligations in higher-yielding investments. Such higher-yielding investments could take the form of loans, securities, real property, personal property, or other investments that could yield a profit to the City. Federal income tax laws generally restrict the ability to earn arbitrage utilizing the proceeds of tax - exempt Obligations. Generally, any profit from investing Obligation proceeds at a yield above the yield paid on the Obligations belongs to the federal government and must be rebated to the federal government. If the City fails to comply federal tax guidelines, Obligations could be deemed to be “arbitrage bonds” by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), which would expose the City to monetary liability from the City’s investors. The arbitrage yield on the Obligations is set forth on the IRS Form 8038-G. The Assistant City Manager and the City Treasurer (including such other employees of the City who report to such officers) (collectively, the "Responsible Person") will review the Closing Documents periodically (at least once a year) to ascertain if an exception to arbitrage compliance applies. a. Procedures applicable to the Obligation. The Responsible Person shall undertake the following procedures. i. If the City plans to spend funds currently on hand for a future project with the intent to later repay such funds from a debt issue, the Responsible Person shall contact Bond Counsel to obtain advice regarding a B-2 reimbursement resolution. The Responsible Person shall maintain any official action of the City (such as a reimbursement resolution) stating the City's intent to reimburse with the proceeds of the Obligations any amount expended prior to the Issue Date for the acquisition, renovation or construction of the Project. ii. The Responsible Person shall ensure that the applicable information return (e.g., U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") Form 8038-G, 8038-GC, or any successor forms) is timely filed with the IRS. iii. If proceeds of the Obligations are to be invested in interest -earning investments, assure that, unless excepted from rebate and yield restriction under section 148(f) of the Code, excess investment earnings are computed and paid to the U.S. government at such time and in such manner as directed by the IRS (i) at least every 5 years after the Issue Date and (ii) within 30 days after the date the Obligations are retired. If proceeds of the Obligations are to be invested in interest-earning investments, the Responsible Person should contact the City's arbitrage consultant regarding such matters. iv. The Responsible Person shall monitor all amounts deposited into a sinking fund or funds pledged (directly or indirectly) to the payment of the Obligations, such as the Interest and Sinking Fund (the "I&S Fund"), to assure that the maximum amount invested within such applicable fund at a yield higher than the yield on the Obligations does not exceed an amount equal to the debt service on the Obligations in the succeeding 12 month period plus a carryover amount equal to one-twelfth of the principal and interest payable on the Obligations for the immediately preceding 12- month period. NOTE: the purpose of the I&S Fund is to achieve a proper matching of revenues with principal and interest payments within each fiscal year. The I&S Fund should be used a mechanism for payment of current debt service and not as a long-term investment fund for debt service many years in the future. v. The Responsible Person shall ensure that no more than 50% of the proceeds of the Obligations are invested in an investment with a guaranteed yield for 4 years or more. b. With respect to the investment and expenditure of the proceeds of the Obligations that are issued to finance public improvements or to acquire land or personal property, the Responsible Person shall undertake the following. i. The Responsible Person shall instruct the persons who are primarily responsible for the construction, renovation or acquisition of the facilities B-3 financed with Obligations (the “Project”) that the Project must (i) proceed with due diligence toward completion and that (ii) binding contracts for the expenditure of at least 5% of the proceeds of the Obligations will be entered into within six (6) months of the date of closing of the Obligations (the “Issue Date”). The Responsible Person shall monitor that the above requirements are satisfied. ii. The Responsible Person shall monitor that at least 85% of the proceeds of the Obligations to be used for the construction, renovation or acquisition of the Project are expended within three years of the Issue Date. iii. The Responsible Person shall monitor investment of proceeds of the Obligations and restrict the yield of the investments to the yield on the Obligations after three years of the Issue Date. iv. To the extent that there are any unspent proceeds of the Obligations at the time the Obligations are later refunded, or if there are unspent proceeds of the Obligations that are being refunded by a new issuance of Obligations, the Responsible Person shall continue monitoring the expenditure of such unspent proceeds to ensure compliance with federal tax law with respect to both the refunded Obligations and any Obligations being issued for refunding purposes, and shall contact Bond Counsel as necessary. B. Private Business Use. Generally, the proceeds of tax-exempt Obligations may not inure to the benefit of entities other than state or local governments (“private business use”). Private business use occurs whenever Obligation proceeds are used to benefit any entity other than a state or local government, including nonprofit corporations and the federal government. A series of Obligations may lose their tax-exempt status if: (i) more than 10% of the proceeds of the Obligations are to be used for any private business use and the payment of the principal or interest on more than 10% of the proceeds of the Obligations is secured by or payable from property used for a private business use, or (ii) the amount of proceeds of the Obligations used to make loans to borrowers other than state and local governments exceeds the lesser of 5% of the proceeds or $15 million. With respect to the use of the facilities financed or refinanced with the proceeds of the Obligations, the Responsible Person shall undertake the following to ensure the Obligations do not violate private business use tests. a. The Responsible Person shall develop procedures or a “tracking system” to identify, log and record all property financed with tax -exempt debt and identify the issue of Obligations used to finance such property. B-4 b. The Responsible Person shall monitor and record the date on which the Project is substantially complete and available to be used for the purpose intended. c. The Responsible Person shall monitor and record whether, at any time the Obligations are outstanding, any person, other than the City, the employees of the City, the agents of the City or members of the general public has any contractual right (such as a lease, research contract, naming rights agreement, purchase contract, management agreement or other service agreement) with respect to any portion of the Project. d. Before entering into any private business use arrangement that involves the use of the Project, the Responsible Person must obtain a description of the proposed private business use arrangement and determine whether such arrangement, if put into effect, will be consistent with the restrictions on private business use of the Project. In connection with the evaluation of any proposed private business use arrangement, the Responsible Person should consult with Bond Counsel to discuss whether such arrangement, if put into effect, will be consistent with the restrictions on private business use of the Project, and, if not, whether any “remedial action” permitted under federal guidelines may be taken as a means of enabling such private business use without adversely affecting the tax-exempt status of the Obligations. e. The Responsible Person shall monitor and record whether, at any time the Obligations are outstanding, any person, other than the City, the employees of the City, the agents of the City or members of the general public has a right to use the output of the Project (e.g., water, gas, electricity, capacity) on any basis other than standard rates and charges. f. The Responsible Person shall monitor and record whether, at any time the Obligations are outstanding, any person, other than the City, has a naming right for the Project or any other contractual right granting an intangible benefit. g. Prior to any sale of property owned b y the City (real or personal), the Responsible Person must confirm whether such property was financed with tax-exempt debt, and if so, determine whether the proposed disposition of the property could impact the tax-exempt status of the series of Obligations that financed the acquisition of such property. h. The Responsible Person shall take any action necessary to remediate any failure to maintain compliance with the covenants contained in the ordinance authorizing the issuance of the applicable series of Obligations. C. Record Retention. B-5 The Responsible Person will maintain or cause to be maintained all records relating to the investment and expenditure of the proceeds of the Obligations and the use of the Project financed or refinanced thereby for a period ending three (3) years after the complete extinguishment of the Obligations. If any portion of the Obligations is refunded with the proceeds of another series of Obligations, such records shall be maintained until the three (3) years after the refundin g Obligations mature or are otherwise paid off. Such records can be maintained in paper or electronic format. For purposes of these procedures, the Memorandum of Bond Counsel dated December 1, 2011 styled "Certain Federal Income Tax Considerations for Record Retention – Record Management Program and Periodic Compliance Review" in incorporated herein and should be reviewed periodically, at least once per year, by the Responsible Person. D. Responsible Person & Continuity. Each Responsible Person shall receive appropriate training regarding the City’s accounting system, contract intake system, facilities management and other systems necessary to track the investment and expenditure of the proceeds and the use of the facilities financed with the proceeds of the Obligations. The foregoing notwithstanding, the Responsible Person is authorized and instructed to retain such experienced advisors and agents as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of these instructions. Prior to cessation of employment with the City, the Responsible Person should identify their successor to maintain compliance with these procedures. C-1 EXHIBIT C PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT Dated ___________, 2019 NEW ISSUE - Book-Entry-Only In the opinion of Bond Counsel, interest on the Certificates will be excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under statutes, regulations, published rulings and court decisions existing on the date thereof, subject to the matters described under “TAX MATTERS” herein. CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS (a Home-Rule City located in Brazos County, Texas) $82,095,000* CERTIFICATES OF OBLIGATION, SERIES 2019 Dated Date: Date of Delivery Due: February 15, as shown on inside cover Interest Accrual Date: Date of Delivery PAYMENT TERMS. . . Interest on the $82,095,000* City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019 (the “Certificates”) will accrue from the date of delivery, and will be payable February 15 and August 15 of each year commencing February 15, 2020 until maturity or prior redemption and will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. The Certificates are being issued by the City of College Station, Texas (the “City”) pursuant to the terms of an ordinance (the “Ordinance”) to be adopted by the governing body of the Cityon May 13, 2019, and will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. In the Ordinance, the City Council of the City will delegate authority to certain authorized officials of the City to finalize the pricing of the Certificates. The definitive Certificates will be initially registered and delivered only to Cede & Co., the nominee of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) pursuant to the Book-Entry-Only System described herein. Beneficial ownership of the Certificates may be acquired in denominations of $5,000 of principal amount or any integral multiples thereof within a maturity. No physical delivery of the Certificates will be made to the beneficial owners thereof. Principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Certificates will be payable by the Paying Agent/Registrar to Cede & Co., which will make distribution of the amounts so paid to the participating members of DTC for subsequent payment to the beneficial owners of the Certificates. See “The Certificates - Book-Entry-Only System” herein. The initial Paying Agent/Registrar is The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., Dallas, Texas (see “THE CERTIFICATES - Paying Agent/Registrar”). AUTHORITY FOR ISSUANCE. . . The Certificates are issued pursuant to the Constitution and general laws of the State of Texas (the “State”), particularly Subchapter C of Chapter 271, Texas Local Government Code, as amended, and constitute direct obligations of the City of College Station, Texas (the “City”), payable from a combination of (i) the levy and collection of a direct and continuing ad valorem tax, levied within the limits prescribed by law, on all taxable property within the City, and (ii) subordinate lien on and pledge of $1,000 of the surplus revenues of the City’s combined utility system, as provided in the Ordinance (see “The Certificates - Authority for Issuance of the Certificates” and “The Certificates - Security and Source of Payment”). PURPOSE. . . Proceeds from the sale of the Certificates will be used for (i) constructing and improving streets and roads including related drainage, landscaping, signalization, lighting, pedestrian improvements and signage related thereto; (ii) designing, constructing, equipping and installing parks and recreation equipment and improvements including park infrastructure improvements and park rehabilitation, lighting, shade structures and pavilions; (iii) purchasing and installing technology improvements including video surveillance, diagnostic systems, fiber optic infrastructure, fuel system rehabilitation, and communication equipment; (iv) designing and constructing a new City Hall; (v) designing and constructing a new police station; (vi) improvements to fleet maintenance facilities consisting of oil pit and storm drain upgrades; (vii) constructing improvements and extensions to the City's combined waterworks, sewer and electric systems including distribution, transmission, system lines, lift stations, metering, wells, plant improvements, and acquisition of interests in land for such purposes; and (viii) professional services rendered in relation to such projects and the financing thereof. CUSIP PREFIX: 194469 MATURITY SCHEDULE & 9 DIGIT CUSIP See Schedule on page ii LEGALITY. . . The Certificates are offered for delivery, when issued, and received by the initial purchaser (the “Initial Purchaser”) and subject to the opinion of the Attorney General of the State of Texas and the opinion of McCall, Parkhurst & Horton L.L.P., Dallas, Texas, Bond Counsel for the City (see “APPENDIX C – Form Of Opinion Of Bond Counsel”). Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the City by McCall, Parkhurst & Horton, L.L.P., Dallas, Texas, Disclosure Counsel for the City. DELIVERY. . . It is expected that the Certificates will be available for delivery through the services of DTC on or about June 10, 2019. BIDS DUE THURSDAY, MAY 13, 2019, AT 10:00 A.M., CDT This Preliminary Official Statement and the information contained herein are subject to completion or amendment. These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the Official Statement is delivered in final form. Under no circumstances shall this Preliminary Official Statement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction. Ratings: Moody’s: Applied for S&P: Applied for Fitch: Applied for See “OTHER INFORMATION – Ratings” herein 2 * Preliminary, subject to change. See "CONDITIONS OF SALE - Advanced Adjustment of Principal Amount and/or Types of Bids" and " - POST BID MODIFICATION" in the Notice of Sale and Bidding Instructions. CUSIP Prefix: 194469(1) MATURITY SCHEDULE* $82,095,000* Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019 (1) CUSIP numbers have been assigned to the Certificates by CUSIP Global Services, managed by S&P Capital IQ on behalf of the American Bankers Association, and are included solely for the convenience of the purchasers of the Certificates. Neither the City, the Financial Advisor nor the Initial Purchaser shall be responsible for the selection or correctness of the CUSIP numbers set forth herein.  OPTIONAL REDEMPTION. . . The City reserves the right, at its option, to redeem Certificates having stated maturities on and after February 15, 2029, in whole or in part in principal amounts of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof, on February 15, 2028, or any date thereafter, at the par value thereof plus accrued interest to the date of redemption (see “THE CERTIFICATES – Optional Redemption”). MANDATORY SINKING FUND REDEMPTION . . . In addition to the foregoing optional redemption provision, if in connection with the pricing of the Certificates the principal amounts designated in the Maturity Schedule herein are combined to create Term Certificates, each such Term Certificate shall be subject to mandatory sinking fund redemption commencing on February 15 of the first year which has been combined to form such Term Certificate and continuing on February 15 in each year thereafter until the stated maturity date of that Term Certificate, and the amount required to be redeemed in any year shall be equal to the principal amount for such year set forth in the serial maturity schedule on the inside cover. Term Certificates to be redeemed in any year by mandatory sinking fund redemption shall be redeemed at par and shall be selected by lot from the Term Certificates then subject to redemption (see “THE CERTIFICATES - Mandatory Sinking Fund Redemption”). * Preliminary, subject to change. See "CONDITIONS OF SALE - Advanced Adjustment of Principal Amount and/or Types of Bids" and " - Post Bid Modification" in the Notice of Sale and Bidding Instructions. Due Interest Feb. 15 Principal Rate Yield CUSIP (1) 2020 3,545,000$ 2021 4,050,000 2022 4,120,000 2023 4,215,000 2024 4,295,000 2025 4,400,000 2026 4,495,000 2027 3,370,000 2028 3,455,000 2029 3,540,000 2030 3,640,000 2031 3,755,000 2032 3,870,000 2033 4,005,000 2034 4,145,000 2035 4,295,000 2036 4,465,000 2037 4,630,000 2038 4,805,000 2039 5,000,000 iii For purposes of compliance with Rule 15c2-12 of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, as amended and in effect on the date hereof (the “Rule”), this document constitutes a Preliminary Official Statement of the City with respect to the Certificates that has been deemed “final” by the City as of its date except for the omission of no more than the information permitted by the Rule. This Official Statement, which includes the cover page and the Appendices hereto, does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer, solicitation or sale. No dealer, broker, salesperson or other person has been authorized to give information or to make any representation other than those contained in this Official Statement, and, if given or made, such other information or representations must not be relied upon. The information set forth herein has been obtained from the City and other sources believed to be reliable, but such information is not guaranteed as to accuracy or completeness and is not to be construed as the promise or guarantee of the Financial Advisor. This Official Statement contains, in part, estimates and matters of opinion which are not intended as statements of fact, and no representation is made as to the correctness of such estimates and opinions, or that they will be realized. CUSIP numbers have been assigned to this issue by CUSIP Global Services, and are included solely for the convenience of the owners of the Certificates. Neither the City, the Financial Advisor nor the Initial Purchaser shall be responsible for the selection or correctness of the CUSIP numbers shown on the inside cover page. The information and expressions of opinion contained herein are subject to change without notice, and neither the delivery of this Official Statement nor any sale made hereunder will, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the City or other matters described. In connection with this offering, the Initial Purchaser may over-allot or effect transactions which stabilize the market price of the issue at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. Such stabilizing, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time. The Certificates are exempt from registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission and consequently have not been registered therewith. The registration, qualification, or exemption of the Certificates in accordance with applicable securities law provisions of the jurisdiction in which these securities have been registered or exempted should not be regarded as a recommendation thereof. NEITHER THE CITY, ITS FINANCIAL ADVISOR NOR THE INITIAL PURCHASER MAKE ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS OFFICIAL STATEMENT REGARDING THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (“DTC”) OR ITS BOOK- ENTRY-ONLY SYSTEM. Any information and expressions of opinion herein contained are subject to change without notice, and neither the delivery of this Official Statement nor any sale made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the City or other matters described herein since the date hereof. The Initial Purchaser has provided the following sentence for inclusion in this Official Statement. The Initial Purchaser has reviewed the information in this Official Statement in accordance with, and as part of, their responsibilities to investors under the federal securities laws as applied to the facts and circumstances of this transaction, but the Initial Purchaser does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. THIS OFFICIAL STATEMENT CONTAINS “FORWARD-LOOKING” STATEMENTS WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 21E OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED. SUCH STATEMENTS MAY INVOLVE KNOWN AND UNKNOWN RISKS, UNCERTAINTIES AND OTHER FACTORS WHICH MAY CAUSE THE ACTUAL RESULTS, PERFORMANCE AND ACHIEVEMENTS TO BE DIFFERENT FROM THE FUTURE RESULTS, PERFORMANCE AND ACHIEVEMENTS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED BY SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. INVESTORS ARE CAUTIONED THAT THE ACTUAL RESULTS COULD DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE SET FORTH IN THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. See “OTHER INFORMATION – FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS DISCLAIMER” herein. References to web site addresses presented herein are for informational purposes only and may be in the form of a hyperlink solely for the reader’s convenience. Unless specified otherwise, such web sites and the information or links contained therein are not incorporated into, and are not part of, this final official statement for purposes of, and as that term is defined in, SEC Rule 15c2-12. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS MATURITY SCHEDULE ............................................... ii  OFFICIAL STATEMENT SUMMARY ......................... 5  SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION ............................. 6  GENERAL FUND CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT SUMMARY 6   UTILITY SYSTEM CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS ............................................................................... 7  CITY OFFICIALS, STAFF AND CONSULTANTS ..... 7  ELECTED OFFICIALS ...................................................... 7  SELECTED ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF ................................ 8  CONSULTANTS AND ADVISORS ....................................... 8  INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 9  THE CERTIFICATES ..................................................... 9  TAX INFORMATION ................................................... 13  TABLE 1 - VALUATION, EXEMPTIONS AND GENERAL OBLIGATION DEBT ............................................... 18  TABLE 2 - TAXABLE ASSESSED VALUATIONS BY CATEGORY ........................................................... 20  TABLE 3 - VALUATION AND GENERAL OBLIGATION DEBT HISTORY ............................................................... 21  TABLE 4 - TAX RATE, LEVY AND COLLECTION HISTORY .............................................................. 21   TABLE 5 - TEN LARGEST TAXPAYERS ......................... 21  TABLE 6 - TAX ADEQUACY ........................................ 22  TABLE 7 - ESTIMATED OVERLAPPING DEBT ................ 22  DEBT INFORMATION ................................................. 23  TABLE 8 - PRO-FORMA AD VALOREM TAX DEBT SERVICE REQUIREMENTS ..................................................... 23  TABLE 9 - INTEREST AND SINKING FUND BUDGET PROJECTION ....................................................... 24  TABLE 10 – SELF-SUPPORTING DEBT .......................... 24  TABLE 11 - AUTHORIZED BUT UNISSUED TAX BONDS . 24   ANTICIPATED ISSUANCE OF GENERAL OBLIGATION DEBT ................................................................... 24  OTHER OBLIGATIONS ................................................... 25  PENSION FUND ............................................................ 25  OTHER POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS .......................... 28  FINANCIAL INFORMATION ..................................... 33  TABLE 12 - GENERAL FUND REVENUES AND EXPENDITURE HISTORY ........................................ 33  TABLE 13 - MUNICIPAL SALES TAX HISTORY ............. 34  FINANCIAL POLICIES .................................................... 34  THE COMBINED UTILITY SYSTEM ....................... 35  WATERWORKS SYSTEM ............................................... 35  WASTEWATER SYSTEM ............................................... 36  ELECTRIC SUPPLY SOURCE .......................................... 36  WIND WATT RATES .................................................... 37  TABLE 14 - HISTORICAL UTILITY USERS ...................... 37  TABLE 15 - TEN LARGEST UTILITY CUSTOMERS .......... 38  TABLE 16 - CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS . 38   TABLE 17 – VALUE OF THE SYSTEM ............................. 38  TABLE 18 – CITY’S EQUITY IN THE SYSTEM ................. 39  TABLE 19 – UTILITY REVENUE BOND AND SYSTEM SUPPORTED CERTIFICATE DEBT SERVICE ............. 39  INVESTMENTS ............................................................. 40  LEGAL INVESTMENTS .................................................. 40  INVESTMENT POLICIES ................................................ 41  ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS ............................................ 41  CITY’S INVESTMENT POLICY ....................................... 41  TABLE 20 - CURRENT INVESTMENTS ............................ 42  TAX MATTERS ............................................................. 42  CONTINUING DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION 44  OTHER INFORMATION ............................................. 46  RATINGS ..................................................................... 46  LITIGATION ................................................................. 46  REGISTRATION AND QUALIFICATION OF CERTIFICATES FOR SALE ............................................................. 46  LEGAL INVESTMENTS AND ELIGIBILITY TO SECURE PUBLIC FUNDS IN TEXAS ................................................... 46  LEGAL OPINIONS ......................................................... 47  AUTHENTICITY OF FINANCIAL DATA AND OTHER INFORMATION ...................................................... 47  FINANCIAL ADVISOR ................................................... 47  CERTIFICATION OF THE OFFICIAL STATEMENT AND NO- LITIGATION CERTIFICATE ...................................... 47  FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS .............................. 48  INITIAL PURCHASER .................................................... 48  MISCELLANEOUS ......................................................... 48  APPENDICES GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING THE CITY ........................ A EXCERPTS FROM THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT .................. B FORMS OF OPINIONS OF BOND COUNSEL .................................. C The cover page hereof, this page, the appendices included herein and any addenda, supplement or amendment hereto, are part of the Official Statement. 5 OFFICIAL STATEMENT SUMMARY This summary is subject in all respects to the more complete information and definitions contained or incorporated in this Official Statement. The offering of the Certificates to potential investors is made only by means of this entire Official Statement. No person is authorized to detach this summary from this Official Statement or to otherwise use it without the entire Official Statement. THE CITY ............................. The City of College Station, Texas (the “City”) is a political subdivision and a home-rule city of the State, located in Brazos County, Texas. The City covers approximately 51.6 square miles (see “INTRODUCTION - Description of The City”). THE CERTIFICATES ............. The Certificates are issued as $82,095,000* City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019. The Certificates are issued as serial certificates maturing on February 15 in each of the years 2020-2039, inclusive (see “THE CERTIFICATES - General Description”). If two or more serial maturities of the Certificates are grouped into a single maturity (the “Term Certificates”) by the Initial Purchaser, such Term Certificates will be subject to mandatory sinking fund redemption in accordance with applicable provisions of the Ordinance. PAYMENT OF INTEREST ...... Interest on the Certificates will accrue from the date of delivery, and will be payable February 15 and August 15 of each year commencing February 15, 2020 until maturity or prior redemption and will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months (see “THE CERTIFICATES - General Description”). AUTHORITY FOR ISSUANCE OF THE CERTIFICATES ....... The Certificates are issued pursuant to the general laws of the State, particularly Subchapter C of Chapter 271, Texas Local Government Code, as amended; and an ordinance to be passed by the City Council of the City. In the Ordinance the City Council will delegate pricing of the Certificates to a “Pricing Officer” who will approve the terms of sale of the Certificates (see “THE CERTIFICATES - Authority for Issuance of the Certificates”). SECURITY FOR THE CERTIFICATES ..................... The Certificates constitute direct obligations of the City, secured by and payable from a combination of (i) the levy and collection of an annual direct and continuing ad valorem tax, within the limits prescribed by law, on all taxable property located within the City, and (ii) a subordinate lien on and pledge of $1,000 of the surplus revenues derived from the City’s combined utility system (see “THE CERTIFICATES - Security and Source of Payment”). Article XI, Section 5, of the Texas Constitution is applicable to the City, and limits its maximum ad valorem tax rate to $2.50 per $100 Taxable Assessed Valuation for all City purposes. The Home-Rule Charter of the City adopts the constitutionally authorized maximum tax rate of $2.50 per $100 Taxable Assessed Valuation. REDEMPTION ....................... The City reserves the right, at its option, to redeem Certificates having stated maturities on and after February 15, 2029, in whole or in part in principal amounts of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof, on February 15, 2028, or any date thereafter, at the par value thereof plus accrued interest to the date of redemption (see “THE CERTIFICATES – Optional Redemption”). Additionally, the Certificates may be subject to mandatory redemption in the event the Initial Purchaser elects to aggregate one or more maturities as a term Certificate. (See “THE CERTIFICATES – Mandatory Sinking Fund Redemption”). TAX EXEMPTION .................. In the opinion of Bond Counsel, the interest on the Certificates will be excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under existing law. See “TAX MATTERS” for a discussion of the opinion of Bond Counsel and Exhibit C. USE OF CERTIFICATE PROCEEDS .......................... Proceeds from the sale of the Certificates will be used for (i) constructing and improving streets and roads including related drainage, landscaping, signalization, lighting, pedestrian improvements and signage related thereto; (ii) designing, constructing, equipping and installing parks and recreation equipment and improvements including park infrastructure improvements and park rehabilitation, lighting, shade structures and pavilions; (iii) purchasing and installing technology improvements including video surveillance, diagnostic systems, fiber optic infrastructure, fuel system rehabilitation, and communication equipment; (iv) designing and constructing a new City Hall; (v) designing and constructing a new police station; (vi) improvements to fleet maintenance facilities consisting of oil pit and storm drain upgrades; (vii) constructing improvements and extensions to the City's combined waterworks, sewer and electric systems including distribution, transmission, system lines, lift stations, metering, wells, plant improvements, and acquisition of interests in land for such purposes; and (viii) the payment of fiscal, engineering and legal fees incurred in connection therewith (see “THE CERTIFICATES – Sources and Use of Certificate Proceeds”). * Preliminary, subject to change. See "CONDITIONS OF SALE - Advanced Adjustment Of Principal Amount and/or Types Of Bids" and " - Post Bid Modification" in the Notice of Sale and Bidding Instructions. 6 RATINGS ............................. The presently outstanding tax supported debt of the City are rated “Aa1” by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody's”) and “AA+” by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, a Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC business (“S&P”), without regard to credit enhancement (see “OTHER INFORMATION – Ratings”). Applications have been made to Moody’s, S&P and Fitch Ratings Services for contract ratings on the Certificates. BOOK-ENTRY-ONLY SYSTEM .............................. The definitive Certificates will be initially registered and delivered only to Cede & Co., the nominee of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) pursuant to the Book-Entry-Only System described herein. Beneficial ownership of the Certificates may be acquired in denominations of $5,000 of principal amount or any integral multiples thereof. No physical delivery of the Certificates will be made to the beneficial owners thereof. Principal of and interest on the Certificates will be payable by the Paying Agent/Registrar to Cede & Co., which will make distribution of the amounts so paid to the participating members of DTC for subsequent payment to the beneficial owners of the Certificates (see “THE CERTIFICATES - Book-Entry-Only System”). PAYMENT RECORD .............. Other than a late payment on the City’s Certificates of Obligation, Series 2002 that occurred in 2003, the City has never defaulted in payment of its general obligation tax debt. SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION _______________ (1) Source: The City. (2) As reported by the Brazos Central Appraisal District; subject to change during the ensuing year. (3) Payable from ad valorem taxes. Does not include self-supporting debt. See “TABLE 10 – Self-Supporting Debt” for detail on the City’s self-supported tax debt. (4) Certified taxable assessed valuation for tax year 2018 as reported by the Brazos Central Appraisal District. This amount is subject to change during ensuing year. (5) Projected, includes the Certificates. (6) Collections as of February 28, 2019. A portion of the City’s taxpayer base has elected to provide split payments to the City which will be due in part on June 30, 2019. GENERAL FUND CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT SUMMARY _______________ (1) The City’s financial policies require a General Fund balance of 15% of budgeted appropriations at year end. To the extent that the General Fund balance exceeds this amount, this surplus may be expended in future years for one time expenditures such as capital items and short term projects. Ratio Tax Fiscal Per Capita Per Capita Debt to Year Estimated Taxable Taxable Net Net Taxable Ended City Assessed Assessed Ad Valorem Ad Valorem Assessed 9/30 Population (1) Valuation(2)Valuation Tax Debt (3)Tax Debt Valuation 2015 106,465 6,654,600,834$ 62,505 $ 101,630,000$ 955 $ 1.53% 99.17% 2016 109,859 7,162,738,280 65,199 118,350,000 1,077 1.65% 100.03% 2017 109,936 7,623,964,171 69,349 169,595,000 1,543 2.22% 100.31% 2018 117,841 8,902,090,555 75,543 175,400,000 1,488 1.97% 99.91% 2019 121,150 9,487,074,377 (4)78,308 178,425,000 (5)1,473 (5)1.88%(5)90.39%(6) Collection Total Percent 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Beginning Balance 22,514,523 $ 19,133,202 $ 22,423,064 $ 20,244,248 $ 15,925,531 $ Total Revenue 67,484,355 64,795,371 60,087,950 58,378,174 50,325,825 Total Expenditures 82,128,812 76,897,859 77,508,715 68,827,167 61,303,335 Other Financing Sources 16,214,241 15,483,809 14,130,903 12,627,809 15,296,227 Prior Period Adjustment 2,706,262 - - - - Ending Balance(1)26,790,569 $ 22,514,523 $ 19,133,202 $ 22,423,064 $ 20,244,248 $ For Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 7 UTILITY SYSTEM CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS CITY OFFICIALS, STAFF AND CONSULTANTS ELECTED OFFICIALS ________________ (1) Elected November 2016 - Former City of College Station Council Member 2011-2016. (2) Prior Council Member for 4 years prior to his current term. (Remainder of page intentionally left blank) 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Revenues: Electric 102,511,712 $ 99,179,570 $ 98,904,688 $ 98,763,293 $ 95,677,765 $ Water and Wastewater 33,602,131 31,333,922 29,484,851 28,732,968 27,550,262 Interest 1,262,551 697,655 346,312 180,423 116,433 Other 2,520,335 3,179,821 3,636,420 3,546,138 2,890,061 Total Revenues 139,896,729 $ 134,390,968 $ 132,372,271 $ 131,222,822 $ 126,234,521 $ Expenses: Total Expenses 77,828,073 $ 78,766,516 $ 76,771,094 $ 82,079,813 $ 100,235,329 $ Net Available for Debt Service 62,068,656 $ 55,624,452 $ 55,601,177 $ 49,143,009 $ 25,999,192 $ Water (Units Served) 44,995 43,199 41,709 41,540 40,768 Wastewater (Units Served) 46,031 42,840 40,866 40,806 39,128 Electric (Units Served) 39,435 39,300 40,141 43,471 38,198 For Fiscal Year Ended September 30, Term Name Position Expiration Occupation Karl P. Mooney Mayor 1.5 Years (1)November 2019 Texas A&M University Administrator Bob Brick Council Member 0.5 Years November 2020 Research Scientist Jerome Rektorik Council Member 1.5 Years November 2019 Retired Linda Harvell Council Member 1.5 Years November 2020 Business Owner Elianor Vessali Council Member 0.5 Years November 2021 Business Owner John Nichols Council Member 0.5 Years (2)November 2020 Retired Professor Dennis Maloney Council Member 0.5 Years November 2021 Business Owner Length of Service 8 SELECTED ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF ________________ (1) Assistant City Manager since June 2014; previously served as Chief of Police. (2) Assistant City Manager and Chief Financial Officer since January 2014; previously served as Executive Director of Business Services and Chief Financial Officer . (4) Appointed City Secretary in July 2017. Previously served as Deputy City Secretary since 2008. (5) New Hire Director of Water Services August 2018. (6) Director of Electric Utility since December 2012; previously served as Assistant Director of Electric Utility. (7) New hire as Director of Information Technology in March 2018. (8) Director of Parks and Recreation since May 2011; previously served as Assistant Director of Parks and Recreation. (9) Named Director of Development Services September 2018; previously Manager of Economic Development. (10) Director of Public Works and CIP since January 2014; previously Assistant Director of Public Works and CIP. CONSULTANTS AND ADVISORS Auditors ........................................................................................................................................................ BKD CPAs & Advisors Houston, Texas Bond Counsel ............................................................................................................................. McCall, Parkhurst & Horton L.L.P. Dallas, Texas Financial Advisor ............................................................................................................................................. Hilltop Securities Inc. Houston, Texas For additional information regarding the City, please contact: Jeff Kersten Assistant City Manager City of College Station 1101 Texas Avenue College Station, Texas 77840 (979) 764-3555 Phone or Joe Morrow Hilltop Securities Inc. 700 Milam Street, Suite 500 Houston, Texas 77002 (713) 651-9850 Phone or W. Boyd London, Jr Marti Shew Hilltop Securities Inc. 1201 Elm Street, Suite 3500 Dallas, Texas 75270 (214) 953-4000 Name Position Bryan Woods City Manager < 1 Jeff Capps Deputy City Manager 26.0 (1) Jeff Kersten Assistant City Manager, CFO 28.0 (2) Carla Robinson City Attorney 17.5 Tanya D. Smith City Secretary 11.0 (3) Ty Elliott Internal Auditor 11.5 Mary Ellen Leonard Director of Finance 3.0 Gary Mechler Director of Water Services <1 (4) Timothy Crabb Director of Electric Utility 12.5 (5) Sindhu Menon Director of Information Technology 1.0 (6) David Schmitz Director of Parks and Recreation 11.0 (7) Jennifer Prochazka Director of Development Services 17.0 (8) Donald Harmon Director of Public Works and CIP 19.5 (9) Alison Pond Director of Human Resources 10.5 Jay Socol Public Communications Director 9.5 Length of Service to the City (in Years) 9 PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT RELATING TO CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS (a Home-Rule City located in Brazos County, Texas) $82,095,000* CERTIFICATES OF OBLIGATION SERIES 2019 INTRODUCTION This Official Statement, which includes the cover pages and Appendices hereto, provides certain information regarding the issuance of the $82,095,000* City of College Station, Texas Certificates of Obligation, Series 2019 (the “Certificates”). Capitalized terms used in this Official Statement, except as otherwise indicated herein, have the same meanings assigned to such terms in the ordinance authorizing the issuance of the Certificates (the “Ordinance”). There follows in this Official Statement descriptions of the Certificates and certain information regarding the City and its finances. All descriptions of documents contained herein are only summaries and are qualified in their entirety by reference to each such document. Copies of such documents may be obtained from the City's Financial Advisor, Hilltop Securities Inc., Houston, Texas. Description of the City . . . The City is a political subdivision and municipal corporation of the State of Texas (the “State”), duly organized and existing under the laws of the State, including the City's Home Rule Charter. The City was incorporated in October 1938, and first adopted its Home-Rule Charter in October 1938, which was last amended in November 2012. The City operates under a Council/City Manager form of government with a City Council comprised of the Mayor and six Council members. Some of the services that the City provides are: public safety (police and fire protection), highways and streets, electric, water and sanitary sewer utilities, health and social services, culture-recreation, public transportation, public improvements, planning and zoning, and general administrative services. The 2010 Census population was 93,857 and the current estimated population of the City is 121,150. The City covers approximately 51.6 square miles. THE CERTIFICATES GENERAL DESCRIPTION . . . The Certificates will bear interest from the date of delivery to the Initial Purchaser, and mature on February 15 in each of the years and in the amounts shown on the inside cover page hereof. Interest on the Certificates will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months and will be payable February 15 and August 15 of each year commencing February 15, 2020 until maturity or prior redemption. The definitive Certificates will be issued only in fully registered form in any integral multiple of $5,000 in principal amount for any one maturity and will be initially registered and delivered only to Cede & Co., the nominee of The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York (“DTC”) pursuant to the Book-Entry-Only System described herein. No physical delivery of the Certificates will be made to the beneficial owners thereof. Principal of and interest on the Certificates will be payable by the Paying Agent/Registrar to Cede & Co., which will make distribution of the amounts so paid to the participating members of DTC for subsequent payment to the beneficial owners of the Certificates (see “Book-Entry-Only System”). AUTHORITY FOR ISSUANCE OF THE CERTIFICATES . . . The Certificates are being issued pursuant to the Constitution and general laws of the State of Texas, particularly Subchapter C of Chapter 271, Texas Local Government Code, as amended; and the Ordinance. SECURITY AND SOURCE OF PAYMENT . . . The Certificates are secured by and payable from an annual continuing ad valorem taxes levied against all taxable property in the City, within the legal limits prescribed by law and payable from a subordinate lien on and pledge of $1,000 of the surplus revenues of the City’s combined utility system. TAX RATE LIMITATION . . . All taxable property within the City is subject to the assessment, levy and collection by the City of a continuing, direct annual ad valorem tax sufficient to provide for the payment of principal of and interest on all ad valorem tax debt within the limits prescribed by law. Article XI, Section 5, of the Texas Constitution is applicable to the City, and limits its maximum ad valorem tax rate to $2.50 per $100 Taxable Assessed Valuation for all City purposes. The Home-Rule Charter of the City adopts the constitutionally authorized maximum tax rate of $2.50 per $100 Taxable Assessed Valuation. Administratively, the Attorney General of the State of Texas will permit allocation of $1.50 of the $2.50 maximum tax rate for all debt service for obligations payable from annual ad valorem property taxes, as calculated at the time of issuance. * Preliminary, subject to change. See "CONDITIONS OF SALE - Advanced Adjustment Of Principal Amount and/or Types Of Bids" and " - Post Bid Modification" in the Notice of Sale and Bidding Instructions. 10 OPTIONAL REDEMPTION . . . The City reserves the right, at its option, to redeem Certificates having stated maturities on and after February 15, 2029, in whole or in part in principal amounts of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof, on February 15, 2028, or any date thereafter, at the par value thereof plus accrued interest to the date of redemption. If less than all of the Certificates are to be redeemed, the City shall determine the Certificates, or portions thereof, within such maturity to be redeemed. If Certificates (or any portion of the principal sum thereof) shall have been called for redemption and notice of such redemption shall have been given, such Certificates (or the principal amount thereof to be redeemed) shall become due and payable on such redemption date and interest thereon shall cease to accrue from and after the redemption date, provided funds for the payment of the redemption price and accrued interest thereon are held by the Paying Agent/Registrar on the redemption date. MANDATORY SINKING FUND REDEMPTION . . . In addition to the foregoing optional redemption provision, if principal amounts designated in the serial maturity schedule shown on the inside cover page hereof are combined to create term certificates (the “Term Certificates”), each such Term Certificate shall be subject to mandatory sinking fund redemption commencing on February 15 of the first year which has been combined to form such Term Certificate and continuing on February 15 in each year thereafter until the stated maturity date of that Term Certificate, and the amount required to be redeemed in any year shall be equal to the principal amount for such year set forth in the Maturity Schedule herein. Term Certificates to be redeemed in any year by mandatory sinking fund redemption shall be redeemed at par and shall be selected by lot from the Term Certificates then subject to redemption. The City, at its option, may credit against any mandatory sinking fund redemption requirement Term Certificates of the maturity then subject to redemption which at least 45 days prior to the mandatory sinking fund redemption date have been purchased and canceled by the City or have been redeemed and not theretofore applied as a credit against any mandatory sinking fund redemption requirement. NOTICE OF REDEMPTION . . . Not less than 30 days prior to a redemption date for the Certificates, the City shall cause a notice of redemption to be sent by United States mail, first class, postage prepaid, to the registered owners of the Certificates to be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the address of the registered owner appearing on the registration books of the Paying Agent/Registrar. ANY NOTICE SO MAILED SHALL BE CONCLUSIVELY PRESUMED TO HAVE BEEN DULY GIVEN, WHETHER OR NOT THE REGISTERED OWNER RECEIVES SUCH NOTICE. NOTICE HAVING BEEN SO GIVEN, THE CERTIFICATES CALLED FOR REDEMPTION SHALL BECOME DUE AND PAYABLE ON THE SPECIFIED REDEMPTION DATE, AND NOTWITHSTANDING THAT ANY CERTIFICATE OR PORTION THEREOF HAS NOT BEEN SURRENDERED FOR PAYMENT, INTEREST ON SUCH CERTIFICATE OR PORTION THEREOF SHALL CEASE TO ACCRUE. With respect to any optional redemption of the Certificates, unless certain prerequisites to such redemption required by the Ordinance have been met and moneys sufficient to pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the Certificates to be redeemed shall have been received by the Paying Agent/Registrar prior to the giving of such notice of redemption, such notice shall state that said redemption may, at the option of the City, be conditional upon the satisfaction of such prerequisites and receipt of such moneys by the Paying Agent/Registrar on or prior to the date fixed for such redemption, or upon any prerequisite set forth in such notice of redemption. If a conditional notice of redemption is given and such prerequisites to the redemption and sufficient moneys are not received, such notice shall be of no force and effect, the City shall not redeem such Certificates and the Paying Agent/Registrar shall give notice, in the manner in which the notice of redemption was given, to the effect that the Certificates have not been redeemed. BOOK-ENTRY-ONLY SYSTEM . . . This section describes how ownership of the Certificates is to be transferred and how the principal of and interest on the Certificates are to be paid to and credited by the DTC while the Certificates are registered in its nominee name. The information in this section concerning DTC and the Book-Entry-Only System has been provided by DTC for use in disclosure documents such as this Official Statement. The City, the Financial Advisor and the Initial Purchaser believe the source of such information to be reliable, but take no responsibility for the accuracy or completeness thereof. The City, the Financial Advisor and the Initial Purchaser cannot and do not give any assurance that (1) DTC will distribute payments of debt service on the Certificates, or redemption or other notices, to DTC Participants, (2) DTC Participants or others will distribute debt service payments paid to DTC or its nominee (as the registered owner of the Certificates), or redemption or other notices, to the Beneficial Owners, or that they will do so on a timely basis, or (3) DTC will serve and act in the manner described in this Official Statement. The current rules applicable to DTC are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the current procedures of DTC to be followed in dealing with DTC Participants are on file with DTC. DTC will act as securities depository for the Certificates. The Certificates will be issued as fully-registered securities in the name of Cede & Co. (DTC’s partnership nominee) or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. One fully-registered certificate for each maturity will be issued for the Certificates, in the aggregate principal amount of such maturity, and will be deposited with DTC. DTC, the world’s largest securities depository, is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a “banking organization” within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code, and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. DTC holds and provides asset servicing for over 3.5 million issues of U.S. and non-U.S. equity, corporate and municipal debt issues, and money market instrument from over 100 countries that DTC’s participants (“Direct Participants”) deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the post-trade settlement among Direct Participants of sales and other securities transactions in deposited securities through electronic computerized book-entry transfers and pledges between Direct Participants’ accounts. This eliminates the need for physical movement of securities certificates. Direct Participants include both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations, and certain other organizations. DTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust 11 & Clearing Corporation (“DTCC”). DTCC is the holding company for DTC, National Securities Clearing Corporation, and Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, all of which are registered clearing agencies. DTCC is owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, and clearing corporations that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Direct Participant, either directly or indirectly (“Indirect Participants”). Direct Participants and Indirect Participants are referred to collectively herein as “Participants”. DTC is rated AA+ by Standard and Poor’s. The DTC Rules applicable to its Participants are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. More information about DTC can be found at www.dtcc.com. Purchases of Certificates under the DTC system must be made by or through Direct Participants, which will receive a credit for such purchases on DTC's records. The ownership interest of each actual purchaser of each Certificate (“Beneficial Owner”) is in turn to be recorded on the Participants’ records. Beneficial Owners will not receive written confirmation from DTC of their purchase. Beneficial Owners are, however, expected to receive written confirmations providing details of the transaction as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the Participant through which the Beneficial Owner entered into the transaction. Transfers of ownership interests in the Certificates are to be accomplished by entries made on the books of Participants acting on behalf of Beneficial Owners. Beneficial Owners will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in the Certificates, except in the event that use of the book-entry system described herein is discontinued. To facilitate subsequent transfers, all Certificates deposited by Direct Participants with DTC are registered in the name of DTC’s partnership nominee, Cede & Co., or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. The deposit of Certificates with DTC and their registration in the name of Cede & Co. or such other DTC nominee do not effect any change in beneficial ownership. DTC has no knowledge of the actual Beneficial Owners of the Certificates; DTC’s records reflect only the identity of the Direct Participants to whose accounts such Certificates are credited, which may or may not be the Beneficial Owners. The Participants will remain responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers. Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to Direct Participants, by Direct Participants to Indirect Participants, and by Direct Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Beneficial Owners of Certificates may wish to take certain steps to augment the transmission to them of notices of significant events with respect to the Certificates, such as redemptions, tenders, defaults, and proposed amendments to the Certificate documents. For example, Beneficial Owners of Certificates may wish to ascertain that the nominee holding the Certificates for their benefit has agreed to obtain and transmit notices to Beneficial Owners. In the alternative, Beneficial Owners may wish to provide their names and addresses to the registrar and request that copies of notices be provided directly to them. Redemption notices shall be sent to DTC. If less than all of the Certificates within a maturity in the series are being redeemed, DTC’s practice is to determine by lot the amount of the interest of each Direct Participant in such maturity to be redeemed. Neither DTC nor Cede & Co. (nor any other DTC nominee) will consent or vote with respect to Certificates unless authorized by a Direct Participant in accordance with DTC’s Procedures. Under its usual procedures, DTC mails an Omnibus Proxy to the City as soon as possible after the record date. The Omnibus Proxy assigns Cede & Co.’s consenting or voting rights to those Direct Participants to whose accounts Certificates are credited on the record date (identified in a listing attached to the Omnibus Proxy). Payments on the Certificates will be made to Cede & Co., or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. DTC’s practice is to credit Direct Participants’ accounts upon DTC’s receipt of funds and corresponding detail information from the City and the Paying Agent/Registrar, on payable date in accordance with their respective holdings shown on DTC’s records. Payments by Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such Participant and not of DTC nor its nominee, the Paying Agent/Registrar, or the City, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Payment of redemption proceeds, principal and interest payments to Cede & Co. (or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC) is the responsibility of the City and the Paying Agent/Registrar. Disbursement of such payments to Direct Participants will be the responsibility of DTC, and reimbursement of such payments to the Beneficial Owners will be the responsibility of Participants. DTC may discontinue providing its services as depository with respect to the Certificates at any time by giving reasonable notice to the City and the Paying Agent/Registrar. Under such circumstances, in the event that a successor depository is not obtained, Certificates are required to be printed and delivered. The City may decide to discontinue use of the system of book-entry transfers through DTC (or a successor securities depository). In that event, Certificates will be printed and delivered. Use of Certain Terms in Other Sections of this Official Statement. In reading this Official Statement it should be understood that while the Certificates are in the Book-Entry-Only System, references in other sections of this Official Statement to registered owners should be read to include the person for which the Participant acquires an interest in the Certificates, but (i) all rights of ownership must be exercised through DTC and the Book-Entry-Only System, and (ii) except as described above, notices that are to be given to registered owners under the Ordinance will be given only to DTC. 12 Information concerning DTC and the Book-Entry System has been obtained from DTC and is not guaranteed as to accuracy or completeness by, and is not to be construed as a representation by the City or the Initial Purchaser. PAYING AGENT/REGISTRAR . . . The initial Paying Agent/Registrar is The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., Dallas, Texas. In the Ordinance, the City retains the right to replace the Paying Agent/Registrar. The City covenants to maintain and provide a Paying Agent/Registrar at all times until the Certificates are duly paid and any successor Paying Agent/Registrar must be a bank, trust company, financial institution, or other entity duly qualified and legally authorized to serve as and perform the duties and services of Paying Agent/Registrar for the Certificates. Upon any change in the Paying Agent/Registrar for the Certificates, the City will promptly cause a written notice thereof to be sent to each registered owner of the Certificates by United States mail, first class, postage prepaid, which notice will also include the address of the new Paying Agent/Registrar. TRANSFER, EXCHANGE AND REGISTRATION . . . In the event the Book-Entry-Only System should be discontinued, the Certificates may be transferred and exchanged on the registration books of the Paying Agent/Registrar only upon presentation and surrender thereof to the Paying Agent/Registrar and such transfer or exchange will be without expense or service charge to the registered owner, except for any tax or other governmental charges required to be paid with respect to such registration, exchange and transfer. Certificates may be assigned by the execution of an assignment form on the respective Certificates or by other instrument of transfer and assignment acceptable to the Paying Agent/Registrar. New Certificates will be delivered by the Paying Agent/Registrar, in lieu of the Certificates being transferred or exchanged, at the corporate trust office of the Paying Agent/Registrar, or sent by United States mail, first class, postage prepaid, to the new registered owner or his designee. To the extent possible, new Certificates issued in an exchange or transfer of Certificates will be delivered to the registered owner or assignee of the registered owner in not more than three business days after the receipt of the Certificates to be canceled, and the written instrument of transfer or request for exchange duly executed by the registered owner or his duly authorized agent, in form satisfactory to the Paying Agent/Registrar. New Certificates registered and delivered in an exchange or transfer will be in any integral multiple of $5,000 for any one maturity and for a like aggregate principal amount as the Certificates surrendered for exchange or transfer. See “BOOK-ENTRY-ONLY SYSTEM” herein for a description of the system to be utilized initially in regard to ownership and transferability of the Certificates. Neither the City nor the Paying Agent/Registrar will be required to transfer or exchange any Certificate called for redemption, in whole or in part, within 45 days of the date fixed for redemption; provided, however, such limitation of transfer will not be applicable to an exchange by the registered owner of the uncalled balance of a Certificate. RECORD DATE FOR INTEREST PAYMENT . . . The record date (“Record Date”) for determining the person to whom the interest is payable on the Certificates on any interest payment date means the close of business on the last business day of the preceding month. In the event of a non-payment of interest on a scheduled payment date, and for 30 days thereafter, a new record date for such interest payment (a “Special Record Date”) will be established by the Paying Agent/Registrar, if and when funds for the payment of such interest have been received from the City. Notice of the Special Record Date and of the scheduled payment date of the past due interest (a “Special Payment Date,” which will be 15 days after the Special Record Date) will be sent at least five days prior to the Special Record Date by United States mail, first class, postage prepaid, to the address of each Holder of a Certificate appearing on the registration books of the Paying Agent/Registrar at the close of business on the day next preceding the date of mailing of such notice. DEFEASANCE . . . The Ordinance provides for the defeasance of the Certificates when the payment of the principal of and premium, if any, on the Certificates, plus interest thereon to the due date thereof (whether such due date be by reason of maturity, redemption, or otherwise), is provided by irrevocably depositing with a paying agency, in trust (1) money sufficient to make such payment or (2) Defeasance Securities, certified by an independent public accounting firm of national reputation to mature as to principal and interest in such amounts and at such times to insure the availability, without reinvestment, of sufficient money to make such payment, and all necessary and proper fees, compensation and expenses of the paying agent for the Certificates. The Ordinance provides that “Defeasance Securities” means (a) direct, noncallable obligations of the United States of America, including obligations that are unconditionally guaranteed by the United States of America, (b) noncallable obligations of an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America, including obligations that are unconditionally guaranteed or insured by the agency or instrumentality and that are rated as to investment quality by a nationally recognized investment rating firm not less than AAA or its equivalent, (c) noncallable obligations of a state or an agency or a county, municipality, or other political subdivision of a state that have been refunded and that rated as to investment quality by a nationally recognized investment rating firm not less than AAA or its equivalent and (d) any securities and obligations now or hereafter authorized by Texas law that are eligible to refund, retire or otherwise discharge obligations such as the Certificates. In the Ordinance, the Pricing Officer is authorized to restrict such eligible securities and obligations as deemed appropriate to accommodate requests from potential investors. The City has additionally reserved the right, subject to satisfying the requirement of (1) and (2) above, to substitute other Defeasance Securities for the Defeasance Securities originally deposited, to reinvestment the uninvested moneys on deposit for such defeasance and to withdraw for the benefit of the City moneys in excess of the amount required for such defeasance. REMEDIES OF HOLDERS OF CERTIFICATES . . . The Ordinance establishes specific events of default with respect to the Certificates. If the City defaults in the payment of the principal of or interest on the Certificates when due or the City defaults in the observance or performance of any of the covenants, conditions, or obligations of the City, the failure to perform which materially, adversely affects the rights of the owners of the Certificates including but not limited to, their prospect or ability to be repaid in accordance with the Ordinance, and the continuation thereof for a period of 60 days after notice of such default is given by any owner to the City, the Ordinance provides that any registered owner is entitled to seek a writ of mandamus from a court of proper jurisdiction requiring the City to make such payment or observe and perform such covenants, obligations, or conditions. The issuance of a writ of mandamus may be sought if there is no other available remedy at law to compel performance of the Certificates or the Ordinance and the City's obligations are not uncertain or disputed. The issuance of a writ of mandamus is controlled by equitable principles, so rests with the discretion of the court, but may not be arbitrarily refused. There is no acceleration of maturity of the Certificates in the event of default and, consequently, the remedy of mandamus may have 13 to be relied upon from year to year. The Ordinance does not provide for the appointment of a trustee to represent the interest of the holders of the Certificates upon any failure of the City to perform in accordance with the terms of the Ordinance, or upon any other condition and accordingly all legal actions to enforce such remedies would have to undertaken of the initiative of, and be financed by, the registered owners of the Certificates. On June 30, 2006, the Texas Supreme Court ruled in Tooke v. City of Mexia, 197 S.W.3d 325 (Tex. 2006) that a waiver of sovereign immunity in a contractual dispute must be provided for by statute in “clear and unambiguous” language. Because it is unclear whether the Texas legislature has effectively waived the City’s sovereign immunity from a suit for money damages, registered owners of the Certificates may not be able to bring such a suit against City for breach of the Certificates of covenants contained in either Ordinance. Even if a judgment against the City could be obtained, it could not be enforced by direct levy and execution against the City’s property. Further, the registered owners cannot themselves foreclose on property within the City or sell property within the City to enforce the tax lien on taxable property to pay the principal of and interest on the Certificates. The City is eligible to seek relief from its creditors under Chapter 9 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (“Chapter 9”). Although Chapter 9 provides for the recognition of a security interest represented by a specifically pledged source of revenues, the pledge of ad valorem taxes in support of a general obligation of a bankrupt entity is not specifically recognized as a security interest under Chapter 9. Chapter 9 also includes an automatic stay provision that would prohibit, without Bankruptcy Court approval, the prosecution of any other legal action by creditors or registered owners of the Certificates of an entity which has sought protection under Chapter 9. Therefore, should the City avail itself of Chapter 9 protection from creditors, the ability to enforce would be subject to the approval of the Bankruptcy Court (which could require that the action be heard in Bankruptcy Court instead of other federal or state court); and the Bankruptcy Code provides for broad discretionary powers of a Bankruptcy Court in administering any proceeding brought before it. The opinion of Bond Counsel will note that all opinions relative to the enforceability of the Certificates are qualified with respect to the customary rights of debtors relative to their creditors, principles of sovereign immunity and by general principles of equity which permit the exercise of judicial discretion. SOURCES AND USES OF CERTIFICATE PROCEEDS . . . Proceeds from the sale of the Certificates, are expected to be expended as follows: TAX INFORMATION AD VALOREM TAX LAW . . . The appraisal of property within the City is the responsibility of the Brazos Central Appraisal District (the “Appraisal District”). Excluding agricultural and open-space land, which may be taxed on the basis of productive capacity, the Appraisal District is required under Title 1, Texas Tax Code (referred to herein as the “Property Tax Code”) to appraise all property within the Appraisal District on the basis of 100% of its market value and is prohibited from applying any assessment ratios. In determining the market value of property, different methods of appraisal may be used, including the cost method of appraisal, the income method of appraisal and the market data comparison method of appraisal, and the method considered most appropriate by the chief appraiser is to be used. State law further limits the appraised value of a residence homestead for a tax year to an amount not to exceed the lesser of (1) the property’s market value in the most recent tax year in which the market value was determined by the Appraisal District or (2) the sum of (a) 10% of the property’s appraised value for the preceding tax year, (b) the appraised value of the property for the preceding tax year and (c) the market value of all new improvements to the property. The value placed upon property within the Appraisal District is subject to review by an Appraisal Review Board, consisting of three members appointed by the Board of Directors of the Appraisal District. The Appraisal District is required to review the value of property within the Appraisal District at least every three years. The City may require annual review at its own expense, and is entitled to challenge the determination of appraised value of property within the City by petition filed with the Appraisal Review Board. Reference is made to the Property Tax Code, for identification of property subject to taxation; property exempt or which may be exempted from taxation, if claimed; the appraisal of property for ad valorem taxation purposes; and the procedures and limitations applicable to the levy and collection of ad valorem taxes. Article VIII of the State Constitution (“Article VIII”) and State law provide for certain exemptions from property taxes, the valuation of agricultural and open-space lands at productivity value, and the exemption of certain personal property from ad valorem taxation. Sources of Funds Par Amount -$ Original Issue Premium Total Uses of Funds -$ Use of Funds Deposit to Project Fund -$ Underwriters' Discount Costs of Issuance Total Uses of Funds -$ 14 Under Section 1-b, Article VIII, and State law, the governing body of a political subdivision, at its option, may grant: (1) An exemption of not less than $3,000 of the market value of the residence homestead of persons 65 years of age or older; (2) An exemption to the disabled from all ad valorem taxes thereafter levied by the political subdivision; and (3) An exemption of up to 20% of the market value of residence homesteads. The minimum exemption under this provision is $5,000. In addition State law mandates a complete exemption for the residential homestead of disabled veterans determined to be 100% disabled by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Further, the surviving spouse of a deceased veteran who had received a disability rating of 100% is entitled to receive a residential homestead exemption equal to the exemption received by the deceased spouse until such surviving spouse remarries. In the case of residence homestead exemptions granted under Section 1-b, Article VIII, ad valorem taxes may continue to be levied against the value of homesteads exempted where ad valorem taxes have previously been pledged for the payment of debt if cessation of the levy would impair the obligation of the contract by which the debt was created. State law and Section 2, Article VIII, mandate an additional property tax exemption for disabled veterans or the surviving spouse or children of a deceased veteran who died while on active duty in the armed forces; the exemption applies to either real or personal property with the amount of assessed valuation exempted ranging from $5,000 to a maximum of $12,000. Article VIII provides that eligible owners of both agricultural land (Section 1-d) and open-space land (Section 1-d-1), including open-space land devoted to farm or ranch purposes or open-space land devoted to timber production, may elect to have such property appraised for property taxation on the basis of its productive capacity. The same land may not be qualified under both Section 1-d and 1-d-1. Article VIII, Section 1-n of the Texas Constitution provides for an exemption from taxation for “goods-in-transit,” which are defined as (i) personal property acquired or imported into the State and transported to another location inside or outside the State, (ii) stored under a contract for bailment in public warehouses not in any way owned or controlled by the owner of the stored goods, and (iii) transported to another location inside or outside the State within 175 days of the date the property was acquired or imported into the State. The exemption excludes oil, natural gas, petroleum products, aircraft and special inventory, including motor vehicle, vessel and out-board motor, heavy equipment and manufactured housing inventory. On December 8, 2011, the Council passed an ordinance approving taxation on certain goods-in-transit. After taking such official action, the goods-in-transit remain subject to taxation by the taxing unit until the governing body of the taxing unit rescinds or repeals its previous action to tax goods-in- transit. If, however, a taxing unit took official action prior to October 1, 2011 to tax goods-in-transit and pledged the taxes imposed on the goods- in-transit for the payment of a debt, taxes may continue to be imposed on goods-in-transit until the debt is discharged, if cessation of the imposition of the tax would impair the obligation of the contract by which the debt was created. Nonbusiness personal property, such as automobiles or light trucks, are exempt from ad valorem taxation unless the governing body of a political subdivision elects to tax this property. Boats owned as nonbusiness property are exempt from ad valorem taxation. Article VIII, Section 1-j, provides for “freeport property” to be exempted from ad valorem taxation. Freeport property is defined as goods detained in Texas for 175 days or less for the purpose of assembly, storage, manufacturing, processing or fabrication. Decisions to continue to tax may be reversed in the future; decisions to exempt freeport property are not subject to reversal. The City and the other taxing bodies within its territory may agree to jointly create tax increment financing zones within the City, under which the tax values on property in the zone are “frozen” at the value of the property at the time of creation of the zone. The City also may enter into tax abatement agreements to encourage economic development. Under the agreements, a property owner agrees to construct certain improvements on its property. The City in turn agrees not to levy a tax on all or part of the increased value attributable to the improvements until the expiration of the agreement. The abatement agreement could last for a period of up to 10 years. See “- TAX ABATEMENT POLICY” for a discussion of the City’s economic development guidelines and criteria. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT . . . In a statewide election held on September 13, 2003, voters approved an amendment to Section 1-b, Article VIII of the Texas Constitution, that authorized a county, city, town or junior college district to establish an ad valorem tax freeze on residence homesteads of the disabled and of the elderly and their spouses. City Council did not take action to establish the tax limitation. Voters within the City were authorized to submit a petition signed by five percent of the registered voters of the City requiring the City Council to call an election to determine by majority vote whether to establish the tax limitation. A petition was submitted and an election was held on May 10, 2008. The voters of College Station voted to approve the ad valorem tax freeze. The City can provide no assurances of the impact, if any, implementation of this ad valorem tax freeze may have on the City’s finances. Under the tax freeze, the total amount of ad valorem taxes imposed by the City on a homestead that receives the exemption may not be increased while it remains the residence homestead of that person or that person's spouse who is disabled or sixty-five years of age or older, except to the extent the value of the homestead is increased by improvements other than repairs. If a disabled or elderly person dies in a year in which the person received a residence homestead exemption, the total amount of ad valorem taxes imposed on the homestead by the taxing unit may not be increased while it remains the residence homestead of that person's surviving spouse if the spouse is fifty-five years of age or older at the time of the person's death. In addition, the Texas Legislature by general law may provide for the transfer of all or a proportionate amount of the tax limitation applicable to a person's homestead to be transferred to the new homestead of such person if the person moves to a different residence within the taxing unit. Once established, the governing body of the taxing unit may not repeal or rescind the tax limitation. EFFECTIVE TAX RATE AND ROLLBACK TAX RATE . . . By the later of September 28th or 60 days after the certified appraisal roll is delivered to the City, the City Council adopts a tax rate per $100 taxable value for the current year. The tax rate consists of two components: (1) a rate for funding of maintenance and operation expenditures, and (2) a rate for debt service. 15 Under the Property Tax Code, the City must annually calculate and publicize its “effective tax rate” and “rollback tax rate”. A tax rate cannot be adopted by the City Council that exceeds the lower of the rollback tax rate or the effective tax rate until two public hearings are held on the proposed tax rate following a notice of such public hearing (including the requirement that notice be posted on the City’s website if City owns, operates or controls an internet website and public notice be given by television if the City has a free access to a television channel) and the City Council has otherwise complied with the legal requirements for the adoption of such tax rate. If the adopted tax rate exceeds the rollback tax rate the qualified voters of the City by petition may require that an election be held to determine whether or not to reduce the tax rate adopted for the current year to the rollback tax rate. “Effective tax rate” means the rate that will produce last year’s total tax levy (adjusted) from this year’s total taxable val ues (adjusted). “Adjusted” means lost values are not included in the calculation of last year’s taxes and new values are not included in the year’s taxable values. “Rollback tax rate” means the rate that will produce last year's maintenance and operation tax levy (adjusted) from this year's values (adjusted) multiplied by 1.08 plus a rate that will produce this year's debt service from this year's values (unadjusted) divided by the anticipated tax collection rate. The Property Tax Code provides that certain cities and counties in the State may submit a proposition to the voters to authorize an additional one-half cent sales tax on retail sales of taxable items. If the additional tax is levied, the effective tax rate and the rollback tax rate calculations are required to be offset by the revenue that will be generated by the sales tax in the current year. Reference is made to the Property Tax Code for definitive requirements for the levy and collection of ad valorem taxes and the calculation of the various defined tax rates. PROPERTY ASSESSMENT AND TAX PAYMENT . . . .Property within the City is generally assessed as of January 1 of each year. Business inventory may, at the option of the taxpayer, be assessed as of September. Effective January 1, 2012, oil and gas reserves are assessed on the basis of a valuation process that uses pricing information contained in the most recent published Early Release Overview of the Annual Energy Outlook published by the United States Energy Information Administration, as well as appraisal formulas developed by the State Comptroller of Public Accounts. Taxes become due October 1 of the same year, and become delinquent on February 15 of the following year. Taxpayers 65 years old or older are permitted by State law to pay taxes on homesteads in four installments with the first due before February 15 of each year and the final installment due before August 15. PENALTIES AND INTEREST . . . Charges for penalties and interest on the unpaid balance of delinquent taxes are made as follows: Cumulative Cumulative Month Penalty Interest Total February 6% 1% 7% March 7 2 9 April 8 3 11 May 9 4 13 June 10 5 15 July 12 6 18 After July, penalty remains at 12%, and interest increases at the rate of 1% each month. In addition, if an account is delinquent in July, an amount up to 20% attorney's collection fee is added to the total tax penalty and interest charge. Under certain circumstances, taxes which become delinquent on the homestead of a taxpayer 65 years old or older incur a penalty of 8% per annum with no additional penalties or interest assessed. In general, property subject to the City's lien may be sold, in whole or in parcels, pursuant to court order to collect the amounts due. Federal law does not allow for the collection of penalty and interest against an estate in bankruptcy. Federal bankruptcy law provides that an automatic stay of action by creditors and other entities, including governmental units, goes into effect with the filing of any petition in bankruptcy. The automatic stay prevents governmental units from foreclosing on property and prevents liens for post-petition taxes from attaching to property and obtaining secured creditor status unless, in either case, an order lifting the stay is obtained from the bankruptcy court. In many cases post-petition taxes are paid as an administrative expense of the estate in bankruptcy or by order of the bankruptcy court. CITY APPLICATION OF PROPERTY TAX CODE . . . The City grants a 5% exemption to the market value of the residence homestead. It also grants an exemption to the market value of the residence homestead of persons 65 years of age or older of $30,000. Ad valorem taxes are not levied by the City against the exempt value of residence homesteads for the payment of debt. The City does not tax nonbusiness personal property. The City does permit split payments, but discounts are not allowed. The City does collect the additional one-half cent sales tax for reduction of ad valorem taxes. 16 The City has adopted a tax abatement policy. An election was held on May 10, 2008 and the voters of College Station approved the ad valorem tax freeze for residential homesteads for disabled and age 65 or older persons. Brazos County collects the taxes for the City. TAX ABATEMENT POLICY . . . The City has established tax abatement guidelines and criteria for economic development prospects in the City. In order to be eligible for designation as a Reinvestment Zone and receive tax abatement, the planned improvement: 1. Must be expected to have an increased appraised ad valorem tax value of at least $1,000,000 based upon the Brazos Central Appraisal District’s assessment of the eligible property. 2. Must be expected to prevent the loss of payroll or retain, increase or create a payroll on a permanent basis in the City. The following factors among others should be considered in determining whether to grant tax abatement and, if so, the percentage of value to be abated and the duration of the tax abatement: 1. Value of land and existing improvements, if any; 2. Type and value of proposed improvements; 3. Productive life of proposed improvements; 4. Number of existing jobs to be retained by proposed improvements; 5. Number of type of new jobs to be created by proposed improvements; 6. Amount of local payroll to be created; 7. Whether persons residing or projected to reside within the City will have the opportunity to fill the new jobs being created; 8. Amount of local taxes to be generated directly; 9. Amount of property tax base valuation which will be increased during term of abatement and after abatement, which shall include a definitive commitment that such valuation shall not, in any case, be less than $1,000,000; 10. The costs to be incurred by the City to provide facilities or services directly resulting from the new improvements; 11. The amount of ad valorem taxes to be paid to the City during the abatement period considering (a) the existing values, (b) the percentage of new value abated, (c) the abatement period, and (d) the value after expiration of the abatement period; 12. The population growth of the City that occurs directly as result of new improvements; 13. The types of public improvements, if any, to be made by the applicant seeking abatement; 14. Whether the proposed improvements compete with existing businesses to the detriment of the local economy; 15. The impact on the business opportunities of existing businesses; 16. The attraction of other new businesses to the area; 17. The overall compatibility with the zoning ordinances and comprehensive plan for the area; and/or 18. Whether the project is environmentally compatible with no negative impact on quality of life perceptions. Neither a Reinvestment Zone nor abatement agreement shall be authorized if it is determined that: 1. There would be substantial adverse affect on the provision of government service or tax base; 2. The applicant has insufficient financial capacity; 3. Planned or potential use of the property would constitute a hazard to public safety, health or morals; 4. Violation of other code or laws; 5. The agreement was signed after the commencement of construction, alteration or installation of improvements related to the project; or 6. Any other reason deemed appropriate by the City Council ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT . . . In the fall of 2013, the College Station City Council adopted an Economic Development Master Plan. This document represents the City’s first such effort and joins the many other Master Plans, Neighborhood, Corridor, and District Plans created to aid in successful implementation of the Comprehensive Plan. The Master Plan defines the goals and objectives of the City’s economic development efforts and lays out strategies and detailed actions to achieve these goals and objectives. The plan specifically identified six strategic initiatives that the City’s economic development program area should focus its efforts on: sustain and enhance high quality of life; support and partner with Texas A&M University and the Texas A&M University System; support retail development; support and stimulate biotechnology research and advanced manufacturing; support and stimulate health and wellness market; and support and stimulate sports, entertainment, and hospitality market. Furthermore, the Plan also details how the plan should be monitored and updated over time, and identifies a series of formal economic development policy guidelines that were also adopted. These guidelines state that in order to ensure the ongoing competitiveness of the community, no State authorized incentive should immediately be discounted. The Texas Constitution and multiple State statutes identify the role of economic development by both the State and its municipalities as a public purpose. While recognizing there is no standard strategy, policy, or program for economic development, the Texas Legislature has created a vast array of tools that local governments have at their disposal. The objective of these tools is to not only encourage development and diversification of the Texas economy, but to simultaneously enhance the participating community’s overall quality of life. Incentives to consider may include, but not be limited to: Chapter 380 financing; development fee rebates; enterprise zone program sponsorship; Freeport exemptions; infrastructure assistance; land transactions; delayed 17 annexation or limited purpose annexation; special districts; reinvestment zones (tax abatement or tax increment); and fast track development process. The City and the City of Bryan, Texas have also entered into an “Interlocal Cooperation and Joint Development Agreement” (the “Interlocal Agreement”) in connection with implementing a joint economic development program known as the Joint Research Valley BioCorridor Development Project (the “Project”). Under the terms of the Interlocal Agreement, the City will make funds available to the City of Bryan, and the City of Bryan will make funds available to the City, for certain defined public infrastructure projects that are intended to enhance development of the Project. The obligations of each city under the Interlocal Agreement shall not constitute a debt for purposes of any provision of the State Constitution, and are intended to be paid from the general revenues of each city. [Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank] 18 TABLE 1 - VALUATION, EXEMPTIONS AND GENERAL OBLIGATION DEBT (1) Certified taxable assessed valuation for tax year 2018 as reported by the Brazos Central Appraisal District. This amount is subject to change during ensuing year. (2) The debt service on a portion of the Certificates will be internally allocated by the City as being payable from the surplus revenues from the respective enterprise funds. Although the City expects to pay for this portion of the Certificates with surplus enterprise funds, the Certificates are secured solely by a pledge of ad valorem taxes and by a pledge of combined utility system surplus net revenues limited to $1,000. See “THE CERTIFICATES- Security and Source of Payment.” There is no guarantee that payments from these enterprise funds will be made. If payments are not made from the enterprise funds, the City will be required to levy ad valorem taxes in amounts sufficient to make such payments. 2018/2019 Market Valuation Established by Brazos Central Appraisal District 9,914,209,750 $ (excluding exempt property) Less Exemptions/Reductions at 100% Market Value: Productivity Loss 106,298,092 $ Over 65 Homestead Exemptions 96,409,710 Cap Loss 26,009,975 Pollution Control 314,700 Member Armed Service Surviving Spouse 633,967 Solar 39,800 Freeport 13,020,237 Disabled Veteran 33,957,345 Homestead 144,445,601 Abatements 6,005,946 427,135,373 2018/2019 Taxable Assessed Valuation 9,487,074,377 $ (1) Debt Payable from Ad Valorem Taxes (as of 3/1/2019) General Obligation Improvement Bonds, Series 2008 435,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2008 1,300,000 General Obligation Refunding Bonds, Series 2009 465,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2009 2,505,000 General Obligation Improvement Bonds, Series 2009 335,000 General Obligation Refunding Bonds, Series 2010 8,700,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2010 1,865,000 General Obligation Improvement Bonds, Series 2010 12,640,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2011 5,540,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2012 11,930,000 General Obligation Improvement and Refunding Bonds, Series 2012 9,960,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2013 7,920,000 General Improvement and Refunding Bonds, Series 2013 12,845,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2014 26,195,000 General Improvement and Refunding Bonds, Series 2014 23,415,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2016 21,565,000 General Improvement and Refunding Bonds, Series 2016 34,930,000 General Improvement and Refunding Bonds, Series 2017 28,725,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2017 52,265,000 Certificates of Obligation, Series 2018 33,955,000 The Certificates (2)82,095,000 379,585,000 Less: Self Supporting Debt (3)178,250,000 $ Less: Interest and Sinking Fund as of 2/1/2019 21,128,277 Net Debt Payable from Ad Valorem Taxes (4)180,206,723 $ Ratio of Net Debt Payable from Ad Valorem Taxes to Taxable Assessed Valuation(4)1.90% Per Capita Taxable Assessed Valuation - $78,308 Per Capita Net Funded Debt - $1,487 (4) 2019 Estimated Population - 121,150 19 (3) In the past, the City has sold certificates of obligation to finance projects for the City’s water and sewer system, and electric system and has internally allocated portions of this debt as payable from the respective enterprise funds. The self-supporting amounts listed above are projections of debt that is expected to be retired by the City based on actual historical payments from these funds to pay for debt service the outstanding certificates of obligation. There is no guarantee that payments from these funds will continue in the future. Includes a portion of the Certificates. See “DEBT INFORMATION – TABLE 10 – Self Supporting Debt.” (4) Net of Interest and Sinking Fund as of February 1, 2019. 20 TABLE 2 - TAXABLE ASSESSED VALUATIONS BY CATEGORY NOTE: Valuations shown are certified taxable assessed values reported by the Brazos Central Appraisal District to the State Comptroller of Public Accounts. Certified values are subject to change throughout the year as contested values are resolved and the Appraisal District updates records. 2019 2018 2017 % of % of % of Category Amount Total Amount Total Amount Total Real, Residential, Single-Family 5,420,353,263$ 54.67% 4,891,101,082$ 53.32% 4,470,806,990$ 56.58% Real, Residential, Multi-Family 2,014,388,746 20.32% 1,951,938,574 21.28% 1,275,467,653 16.14% Real, Vacant Lots/Tracts 181,379,036 1.83% 166,018,722 1.81% 158,722,669 2.01% Real, Acreage (Land Only) 107,486,185 1.08% 117,980,979 1.29% 87,626,228 1.11% Real, Farm and Ranch Improvements 92,572,477 0.93% 95,828,034 1.04% 113,059,943 1.43% Real, Commercial/Industrial 1,612,617,746 16.27% 1,497,083,484 16.32% 1,340,756,747 16.97% Real, Oil, Gas & Other Mineral Reserves 12,619,033 0.13% 4,375,082 0.05% 5,036,746 0.06% Real and Tangible Personal, Utilities 40,945,210 0.41% 40,806,430 0.44% 40,325,800 0.51% Tangible Personal, Business 389,192,346 3.93% 360,514,767 3.93% 371,077,880 4.70% Tangible Personal, Other 2,441,400 0.02% 2,449,980 0.03% 1,988,130 0.03% Real Property Inventory 23,400,278 0.24% 31,155,861 0.34% 23,079,643 0.29% Special Inventory 16,814,030 0.17% 13,855,490 0.15% 13,282,100 0.17% Total Appraised Value Before Exemptions 9,914,209,750$ 100.00% 9,173,108,485$ 100.00% 7,901,230,529$ 100.00% Less: Total Exemptions/Reductions 427,135,373 271,017,930 277,266,358 Taxable Assessed Value 9,487,074,377$ 8,902,090,555$ 7,623,964,171$ 2016 % of % of Category Amount Total Amount Total Real, Residential, Single-Family 3,942,774,761$ 53.35% 3,657,836,541$ 53.15% Real, Residential, Multi-Family 1,326,289,539 17.95% 1,296,417,661 18.84% Real, Vacant Lots/Tracts 142,089,823 1.92% 141,077,944 2.05% Real, Acreage (Land Only) 92,882,946 1.26% 109,675,903 1.59% Real, Farm and Ranch Improvements 108,202,479 1.46% 74,289,622 1.08% Real, Commercial/Industrial 1,330,864,915 18.01% 1,204,879,922 17.51% Real, Oil, Gas & Other Mineral Reserves 10,793,941 0.15% 3,227,032 0.05% Real and Tangible Personal, Utilities 30,944,850 0.42% 37,673,140 0.55% Tangible Personal, Business 369,625,180 5.00% 330,937,290 4.81% Tangible Personal, Other 2,024,340 0.03% 2,096,570 0.03% Real Property Inventory 17,672,671 0.24% 13,256,668 0.19% Special Inventory 15,787,080 0.21% 10,534,560 0.15% Exempt Property Adjustment - 0.00% - 0.00% Total Appraised Value Before Exemptions 7,389,952,525$ 100.00% 6,881,902,853 $ 100.00% Less: Total Exemptions/Reductions 227,214,245 227,302,019 Taxable Assessed Value 7,162,738,280$ 6,654,600,834 $ Taxable Appraised Value, Fiscal Year Ending September 30, Taxable Appraised Value, Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2015 21 TABLE 3 - VALUATION AND GENERAL OBLIGATION DEBT HISTORY (1) Source: The City. (2) As reported by the Brazos Central Appraisal District; subject to change during the ensuing year. (3) Payable from ad valorem taxes. Does not include self-supporting debt. (4) Certified taxable assessed valuation for tax year 2018 as reported by the Brazos Central Appraisal District. This amount is subject to change during ensuing year. (5) Projected, includes the Certificates. Preliminary, subject to change. TABLE 4 - TAX RATE, LEVY AND COLLECTION HISTORY (1) Collections as of February 28, 2019. A portion of the City's taxpayer base has elected to provide split payments to the City which will be due in part on June 30, 2019. TABLE 5 - TEN LARGEST TAXPAYERS GENERAL OBLIGATION DEBT LIMITATION . . . No general obligation debt limitation is imposed on the City under current State law or the City's Home Rule Charter (see “THE CERTIFICATES - Tax Rate Limitation”). Ratio of Net Fiscal Taxable G.O. Tax Debt Year Taxable Assessed to Taxable Net G.O. Ended Estimated Assessed Valuation Net G.O. Assessed Tax Debt 9/30 Population (1) Valuation(2)Per Capita Tax Debt (3)Valuation Per Capita 2015 102,117 6,654,600,834$ 65,166$ 101,630,000$ 1.53% 995$ 2016 106,465 7,162,738,280 67,278 118,350,000 1.65% 1,112 2017 109,936 7,623,964,171 69,349 169,595,000 2.22% 1,543 2018 117,841 8,902,090,555 75,543 175,400,000 1.97% 1,488 2019 121,150 9,487,074,377 (4)78,308 178,425,000 (5)1.88%(5)1,473 (5) Fiscal Year General Interest and % Current % Total Ended 9/30 Tax Rate Fund Sinking Fund Tax Levy Collections Collections 2015 0.4525$ 0.2594$ 0.1931$ 29,803,314$ 98.70% 99.17% 2016 0.4525 0.2594 0.1931 32,065,351 98.95% 100.03% 2017 0.4725 0.2772 0.1953 37,007,711 100.08% 100.31% 2018 0.4975 0.2772 0.2203 43,300,209 98.90% 98.90% 2019 0.5058 0.2855 0.2203 46,446,351 90.30%(1)90.39%(1) 2018/2019 % of Total Taxable Taxable Nature Assessed Assessed Name of Taxpayer of Property Valuation Valuation CPP College Station I LLC Real Estate 72,000,000$ 0.76% FujiFilm Diosynth Biotechnologies Texas LLC Manufacturing 70,935,780 0.75% Woodridge College Station LLC Mall 61,134,650 0.64% Woodridge College Station Phase II LLC Mall 60,907,991 0.64% POM-College Station LLC Mall 57,067,490 0.60% College Station Hospital LP Hospital 53,353,290 0.56% Culpepper Family LP Real Estate 52,228,023 0.55% SHP-The Callaway House LP Apartment Buildings 51,000,790 0.54% Israel Weinberg Commercial 49,767,058 0.52% SW Meadows Point LP Apartment Buildings 49,007,719 0.52% 577,402,791$ 6.09% 22 TABLE 6 - TAX ADEQUACY (1) Includes the Certificates and excludes self-supporting debt. Preliminary, subject to change. TABLE 7 - ESTIMATED OVERLAPPING DEBT Expenditures of the various taxing entities within the territory of the City are paid out of ad valorem taxes levied by such entities on properties within the City. Such entities are independent of the City and may incur borrowings to finance their expenditures. This statement of direct and estimated overlapping ad valorem tax debt (“Tax Debt”) was developed by the City from information obtained from the Brazos Central Appraisal District. Except for the amounts relating to the City, the City has not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of such information, and no person should rely upon such information as being accurate or complete. Furthermore, certain of the entities listed may have issued additional debt since the date hereof, and such entities may have programs requiring the issuance of substantial amounts of additional debt, the amount of which cannot be determined. The following table reflects the estimated share of overlapping Tax Debt of the City. Source: Municipal Advisory Council of Texas. (1) Certified taxable assessed valuation for tax year 2018 as reported by the Brazos Central Appraisal. This amount is subject to change during ensuing year. (2) Projected, includes the Certificates and excludes self-supporting debt. Preliminary, subject to change. (Remainder of page intentionally left blank) Net Maximum Tax Suppported Principal and Interest Requirements (2020)…………………………… 20,910,951 $ (1) $0.22265 Tax Rate at 99% Collection Produces ………………………………………………………20,911,741 $ Net Average Tax Supported Principal and Interest Requirements (2019-2038)………………………… 13,483,683 $ (1) $0.14357 Tax Rate at 99% Collection Produces ………………………………………………………13,484,387 $ City's Total Net Estimated Overlapping 2018/2019 Taxable 2019 Tax Debt as % Tax Debt as Assessed Value Tax Rate of 3/1/2019 Applicable of 3/1/2019 City of College Station 9,487,074,377 $ (1)0.5058 180,206,723 $ (2)100.00% 180,206,723 $ Brazos County 18,879,697,829 0.4850 79,135,000 49.18% 38,918,593 Bryan ISD 7,500,303,568 1.3400 197,820,000 2.55% 5,044,410 College Station ISD 9,441,619,756 1.3720 341,940,000 88.85% 303,813,690 Total Direct and Overlapping Funded Tax Debt 527,983,416 $ Ratio of Direct and Overlapping Funded Tax Debt to Taxable Assessed Valuation 5.565% Per Capita Overlapping Funded Tax Debt 4,358 $ 23 DEBT INFORMATION TABLE 8 - PRO-FORMA AD VALOREM TAX DEBT SERVICE REQUIREMENTS* (1) Average life of the Certificates – 10.480 years. Interest calculated at an average rate for purposes of illustration. Preliminary, subject to change. (2) In the past, the City has sold certificates of obligation to finance projects for the City’s water and sewer system, and electric system and has internally allocated portions of this debt as payable from the respective enterprise funds. The self-supporting amounts listed above are projections of debt that is expected to be retired by the City based on actual historical payments from these funds to pay for debt service the outstanding certificates of obligation. There is no guarantee that payments from these funds will continue in the future. Includes a portion of the Certificates. See “Table 10 – Self Supporting Debt” and the accompanying footnotes. Total NetYearLess: Tax Supported % ofEndSelf-Supporting Debt Service Principal9/30 Principal Interest Total Principal Interest Total Debt Service(2)Requirements Retired2019 25,005,000$ 13,022,225$ 38,027,225$ -$ -$ -$ 17,512,294$ 20,514,931$ 2020 23,755,000 11,713,451 35,468,451 3,545,000 2,759,545 6,304,545 20,862,045 20,910,951 2021 23,125,000 10,727,483 33,852,483 4,050,000 2,260,200 6,310,200 20,509,730 19,652,952 2022 21,595,000 9,766,533 31,361,533 4,120,000 2,180,535 6,300,535 18,402,957 19,259,110 2023 21,630,000 8,765,638 30,395,638 4,215,000 2,097,592 6,312,592 17,430,726 19,277,504 32.39%2024 21,955,000 7,729,715 29,684,715 4,295,000 2,010,349 6,305,349 17,094,683 18,895,381 2025 21,000,000 6,717,454 27,717,454 4,400,000 1,917,066 6,317,066 16,559,271 17,475,249 2026 20,720,000 5,738,088 26,458,088 4,495,000 1,816,974 6,311,974 15,943,776 16,826,285 2027 18,890,000 4,888,018 23,778,018 3,370,000 1,724,841 5,094,841 13,925,924 14,946,935 2028 17,535,000 4,205,448 21,740,448 3,455,000 1,640,695 5,095,695 12,632,609 14,203,534 62.08%2029 15,785,000 3,596,426 19,381,426 3,540,000 1,549,554 5,089,554 11,544,092 12,926,888 2030 14,390,000 3,029,930 17,419,930 3,640,000 1,449,520 5,089,520 9,844,079 12,665,370 2031 13,265,000 2,483,500 15,748,500 3,755,000 1,338,907 5,093,907 9,619,880 11,222,527 2032 13,200,000 1,956,348 15,156,348 3,870,000 1,217,811 5,087,811 9,025,959 11,218,199 2033 12,270,000 1,481,280 13,751,280 4,005,000 1,086,044 5,091,044 7,876,763 10,965,562 83.76%2034 11,350,000 1,064,839 12,414,839 4,145,000 943,370 5,088,370 7,126,570 10,376,639 2035 8,600,000 733,240 9,333,240 4,295,000 791,428 5,086,428 5,292,200 9,127,468 2036 8,880,000 460,615 9,340,615 4,465,000 631,094 5,096,094 5,304,605 9,132,104 2037 7,150,000 204,623 7,354,623 4,630,000 461,903 5,091,903 4,879,583 7,566,942 2038 2,395,000 43,709 2,438,709 4,805,000 283,795 5,088,795 3,996,193 3,531,311 98.76%2039 - - - 5,000,000 96,250 5,096,250 2,634,761 2,461,489 100.00%322,495,000$ 98,328,559$ 420,823,559$ 82,095,000$ 28,257,471$ 110,352,471$ 248,018,698$ 283,157,333$ The Certificates(1)Outstanding Debt Service 24 TABLE 9 - INTEREST AND SINKING FUND BUDGET PROJECTION (1) Excludes self-supporting debt. Includes the Certificates. Preliminary, subject to change. TABLE 10 – SELF-SUPPORTING DEBT(1) (1) The debt service described in this table is general obligation debt for which repayment is provided from revenues from other sources. It is the City’s current policy to provide these payments from such sources. There is no assurance that the use of these sources to make these payments will continue in the future. If payments are not made from such sources in the future, the difference will be paid for with ad valorem taxes. Includes a portion of the Certificates. Preliminary, subject to change. TABLE 11 - AUTHORIZED BUT UNISSUED TAX BONDS ANTICIPATED ISSUANCE OF GENERAL OBLIGATION DEBT The City has no firm plans for the issuance of additional general obligation debt payable from ad valorem taxes within the next twelve months. Total Net Tax Supported Debt Service Requirements, Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2019(1)20,514,931$ Interest and Sinking Fund, September 30, 2018 5,272,810$ Budgeted Interest and Sinking Fund Tax Levy 20,209,296 Budgeted Investment Earnings 130,000 Budgeted Transfers 397,855 26,009,961 Estimated Balance, September 30, 2019 5,495,030$ Year Total End Electric Wastewater Water Convention Parking Self-Supporting 9/30 Fund Fund Fund Cente Landfill Garage Debt Service 2019 6,008,004$ 4,891,553$ 6,024,912$ 12,388$ 352,963$ 222,475$ 17,512,294$ 2020 6,687,683 6,636,709 6,952,303 7,100 353,850 224,400 20,862,045 2021 6,669,099 6,589,243 6,890,438 6,900 354,050 - 20,509,730 2022 6,567,436 5,685,445 5,820,102 6,675 323,300 - 18,402,957 2023 6,340,465 5,349,556 5,412,730 6,425 321,550 - 17,430,726 2024 5,994,368 5,328,662 5,436,428 6,175 329,050 - 17,094,683 2025 5,682,883 5,074,381 5,465,408 5,925 330,675 - 16,559,271 2026 5,424,378 5,073,988 5,108,186 5,675 331,550 - 15,943,776 2027 4,208,547 4,859,387 4,520,890 5,425 331,675 - 13,925,924 2028 4,051,149 4,489,735 3,762,099 5,225 324,400 - 12,632,609 2029 3,590,288 4,333,651 3,285,203 5,075 329,875 - 11,544,092 2030 2,729,864 4,341,656 2,772,559 - - - 9,844,079 2031 2,536,439 4,313,516 2,769,926 - - - 9,619,880 2032 2,178,939 4,084,844 2,762,177 - - - 9,025,959 2033 1,631,830 3,675,399 2,569,534 - - - 7,876,763 2034 1,033,030 3,523,653 2,569,888 - - - 7,126,570 2035 430,653 2,743,750 2,117,798 - - - 5,292,200 2036 432,185 2,748,538 2,123,882 - - - 5,304,605 2037 432,893 2,748,527 1,698,163 - - - 4,879,583 2038 432,756 2,418,834 1,144,603 - - - 3,996,193 2039 - 1,732,725 902,036 - - - 2,634,761 73,062,886 $ 90,643,748 $ 80,109,264 $ 72,988 $ 3,682,938 $ 446,875 $ 248,018,698 $ Date of Amount Issued Authorization Purpose Authorized To Date Unissued 11/4/2003 Municipal Complex Improvements 7,610,000$ 3,955,000$ 3,655,000$ 11/4/2008 Park Improvements 12,790,000 12,145,000 645,000 77,570,000$ 73,270,000$ 4,300,000$ 25 OTHER OBLIGATIONS Currently, the City has no outstanding capital leases or loans. PENSION FUND Plan Description The City accounts for pension cost under GASB Statement No. 68, Accounting and Financial Reporting for Pensions. The City of College Station participates as one of over 880 plans in the multi-employer, nontraditional, joint contributory, hybrid defined benefit pension plan administered by the Texas Municipal Retirement System (TMRS). TMRS is an agency created by the State of Texas and administered in accordance with the TMRS Act, Subtitle G, Title 8, Texas Government Code (the TMRS Act) as an agent multiple-employer retirement system for municipal employees in the State of Texas. The TMRS Act places the general administration and management of the System with a six-member Board of Trustees. Although the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoints the Board, TMRS is not fiscally dependent on the State of Texas. TMRS’s defined benefit pension plan is a tax-qualified plan under Section 401 (a) of the Internal Revenue Code. TMRS issues a publicly available comprehensive annual financial report (CAFR) that can be obtained at www.tmrs.com. All eligible employees of the city are required to participate in TMRS. TMRS provides retirement, disability, and death benefits. Benefit provisions are adopted by the governing body of the City, within the options available in the state statutes governing TMRS. At retirement, the benefit is calculated as if the sum of the employee’s contributions, with interest, and the city-financed monetary credits, with interest, were used to purchase an annuity. Members may choose to receive their retirement benefit in one of seven actuarially equivalent payment options. Members may also choose to receive a portion of their benefit as a Partial Lump Sum Distribution in an amount equal to 12, 24, or 36 monthly payments, which cannot exceed 75% of the member’s deposits and interest. Plan provisions for the City were as follows: Employees covered by benefit terms at the December 31, 2017 valuation and measurement date are as follows: Contributions The contribution rates for employees in TMRS are either 5%, 6%, or 7% of employee gross earnings, and the city matching percentages are either 100%, 150%, or 200%, both as adopted by the governing body of the city. Under the state law governing TMRS, the contribution rate for each city is determined annually by the actuary, using the Entry Age Normal (EAN) actuarial cost method. The actuarially determined rate is the estimated amount necessary to finance the cost of benefits earned by employees during the year, with an additional amount to finance any unfunded accrued liability. Employees for the City of College Station were required to contribute 7% of their annual gross earnings during the fiscal year. The contribution rates for the City of College Station were 13% and 13% in calendar years 2018 and 2017, respectively. The City’s contributions to TMRS for fiscal year 2018 were $7,501,446 and were greater than the required contributions of $7,483,465. Net Pension Liability The City’s Net Pension Liability (NPL) was measured as of December 31, 2017, and the Total Pension Liability (TPL) used to calculate the Net Pension Liability was determined by an actuarial valuation as of that date. Employee deposit rate 7.00% Matching ratio (City to Employee) 2 to 1 Years required for vesting 5 Service retirement eligibility 20 years at any age; 5 years at age 60 and above Updated service credit 75% repeating transfers Annuity increase (to retirees) 50% of CPI repeating Inactive employees or beneficiaries currently receiving benefit s 445 Inactive employees entitled to but not yet receiving benefits 520 Active employees 905 Total 1870 26 Actuarial Assumptions The Total Pension Liability in the December 31, 2017 actuarial valuation was determined using the following actuarial assumptions: Salary increases were based on service-related tables. Mortality rates for active members, retirees, and beneficiaries were based on the gender- distinct RP2000 Combined Mortality Table with Blue Collar Adjustment, with male rates multiplied by 109% and female rates multiplied by 103%. The rates are projected on a fully generational basis by scale BB to account for future mortality improvements. For disabled annuitants, the gender-distinct RP2000 Disabled Retiree Mortality Table is used, with slight adjustments. Actuarial assumptions used in the December 31, 2017 valuation were based on the results of actuarial experience studies. Assumptions are reviewed annually. The long-term expected rate of return on pension plan investments is 6.75%. The pension plan’s policy with regard to the allocation of invested assets is established and may be amended by the TMRS Board of Trustees. Plan assets are managed on a total return basis with an emphasis on both capital appreciation as well as the production of income, in order to satisfy the short-term and long-term funding needs of TMRS. The long- term expected rate of return on pension plan investments was determined using a building-block method in which best estimate ranges of expected future real rates of return (expected returns, net of pension plan investment expense and inflation) are developed for each major asset class. These ranges are combined to produce the long-term expected rate of return by weighting the expected future real rates of return by the target asset allocation percentage and by adding expected inflation. The target allocation and best estimates of arithmetic real rates of return for each major asset class are summarized in the following table: (Remainder of page intentionally left blank) Inflation 2.5% per year Overall paytoll growth 3.00% Investment rate of return 6.75%, net of pension plan investment expense including inflation Long Term Expected Target Real Rate Asset Class Allocation of Return Doemstic Equity 17.50% 4.55% International Equity 17.50% 6.35% Core Fixed Income 10.00% 1.00% Non-Core Fixed Income 20.00% 36.90% Real Return 10.00% 3.80% Real Estate 10.00% 4.50% Absolute Return 10.00% 3.75% Private Equity 5.00% 7.50% Total 100.00% 27 Discount Rate The discount rate used to measure the Total Pension Liability was 6.75%. The projection of cash flows used to determine the discount rate assumed that employee contributions will remain at the current 7.0% and employer contributions will be made at the rates specified in statute. Based on that assumption, the pension plan’s Fiduciary Net Position was projected to be available to make all projected future benefit payments of current plan members. Therefore, the long-term expected rate of return on pension plan investments was applied to all periods of projected benefit payments to determine the Total Pension Liability. Sensitivity of the Net Pension Liability to Changes in the Discount Rate The following presents the net pension liability of the City, as well as what the City’s net pension liability (asset) would be if it were calculated using a discount rate that is 1-percentage-point lower or 1-percentage- point higher than the current rate: Pension Plan Fiduciary Net Position Detailed information about the pension plan’s Fiduciary Net Position is available in a separately-issued TMRS financial report. That report may be obtained on the Internet at www.tmrs.com. Pension Expense For the year ended September 30, 2018, the City recognized pension expense of $8,761,018. Increase (Decrease) Total Plan Net Pension Fiduciary Pension Liability Net Position Liability (a) (b) (a) - (b) Balance at 12/31/2016 267,674,838$ 226,024,775$ 41,650,063$ Changes for the year: Service Cost 8,418,324 - 8,418,324 Interest 17,986,722 - 17,986,722 Change of benefit terms - - Differences between expected and actual experience 1,192,275 - 1,192,275 Changes of assumptions - - - Contributions - employer - 7,223,267 (7,223,267) Contributions - employee - 3,773,603 (3,773,603) Net investment income - 31,325,172 (31,325,172) Benefit payments, including refunds of - employee contributions; (10,828,101) (10,828,101) - Administrative expenses (162,346) 162,346 Other (8,228) 8,228 Net changes 16,769,220 31,323,367 (14,554,147) Ending Balance 284,444,058$ 257,348,142$ 27,095,915$ 1% Decrease 1% Increase in Discount Discount in Discount Rate (5.75%) Rate (6.75%) Rate (7.75%) City's net pension liability 69,618,084$ 27,095,915$ (7,527,694)$ 28 Deferred Outflows of Resources and Deferred Inflows of Resources Related to Pension At September 30, 2018, the City reported deferred outflows and inflows of resources related to pensions from the following sources: Deferred outflows of resources, of $5,492,869 related to pensions resulting from contributions subsequent to the measurement date, will be recognized as a reduction of the net pension liability for the measurement year ending December 31, 2018 and recognized in the City’s financial statements as of September 30, 2019. Other amounts reported as deferred outflows and inflows of resources related to pensions will be recognized in pension expense in the following years indicated below: OTHER POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS Plan Description Plan administration: As required by state laws, in addition to the pension benefits described above, the City makes available certain postretirement benefits to employees who meet TMRS retirement qualifications, retire from City employment, and enroll in the plan before the effective date of their retirement. The City’s OPEB Plan is a single employer defined benefit plan, defined by City policy. The OPEB Plan does not issue a separate report that includes financial statements and required supplementary information for the OPEB Plan. Plan membership. At September 30, 2018 membership consisted of the following: Benefits provided: The City’s defined benefit Other Post-Employment Benefits (OPEB) Plan offers medical, dental, vision, drug, and life insurance benefits to retired employees and their eligible dependents. The OPEB Plan is a single employer defined benefit OPEB plan administered by the City. The benefit levels offered to retired employees and eligible dependents are the same as those afforded to active employees as the City’s group health insurance plan covers both active and retired members. All medical, dental, vision and drug care benefits are provided through the City’s self-insured health plan. As long as monthly premium payments are made, the healthcare plan provides coverage until age 65 for retired employees and eligible dependents enrolled in the City’s OPEB Plan. The life insurance offered though the OPEB Plan provides a $10,000, fully insured death benefit coverage upon retirement, which ceases upon attainment of age 65. The Life insurance benefit for eligible retirees is paid entirely by the City. Deferred Deferred Outflows of Inflows of Resources Resources Differences between expected and actual economic experience 1,657,969$ 266,287$ Changes in actual assumptions 1,434,725 - Difference between projected and actual investment earnings - 6,554,487 Contributions subsequent to the measurement date 5,492,869 - Total 8,585,563$ 6,820,774$ Net deferred Fiscal outflows Year Ended (inflows) of Sept. 30: resources 2019 1,215,672$ 2020 885,422 2021 (2,857,280) 2022 (2,971,894) Thereafter - (3,728,080)$ Medical Life and/or Insurance Dental Benefits Benefits Retirees and Retiree Spouses 82 180 Active Employees 887 887 969 1,067 29 Contributions: Benefit provisions, as well as retiree premium contributions, are established by City management. The City determines the employer and participant contribution rates annually, based on recommendations of City staff and the City’s benefit consultant. For the year ended September 30, 2018, the City’s average contribution rate was 2.6 percent of covered-employee payroll. Investments Investment policy: The goal of the Plan’s investment program is to generate adequate long-term returns that, when combined with contributions, will result in sufficient assets to pay the present and future obligations of the Plan. The Plan has a Balanced Risk Tolerance with a Strategic Asset Allocation of the following: Concentrations: Assets of the OPEB plan are held in Trust by PARS which is fully discussed in the OPEB trust below. Rate of return: For the year ended December 31, 2017, the annual money-weighted rate of return on investments, net of investment expense, was 1.88 percent. The money-weighted rate of return expresses investment performance, net of investment expense, adjusted for the changing amounts actually invested. Receivables The OPEB plan has no receivables from long-term contracts with the City for contributions at September 30, 2018. Allocated Insurance Contracts The OPEB plan has no allocated insurance contracts excluded from OPEB plan assets at September 30, 2018. Reserves The OPEB plan has no reserves recorded at September 30, 2018. Net OPEB Liability The components of the net OPEB liability of the City at September 30, 2018 based on the December 31, 2017 measurement and actuarial valuation date, were as follows: Changes in the Net OPEB Liability For the year ended September 30, 2018, the City recognized reduction in the OPEB liability of $11,528,149. Effective January 1, 2018, the City has made the following changes to the benefits offered under its Other Post Employment Benefit Plan. To be eligible for premium pricing for medical, dental, vision, and drug benefits at the time of retirement, employees must:  Meet TMRS retirement qualifications,  Be 55 years of age or older,  Have five (5) years of employment at the City of College Station,  Be enrolled in the plan before the effective date of their retirement. Target Allocation Asset Class Allocation Range Cash 5.0% 0-20% Fixed Income 35.0% 30%-50% Equity 60.0% 50%-70% Total 100.0% Total OPEB liability - ending 7,815,261 $ Plan fiduciary net position - ending (1,521,285) Net OPEB liability - ending 6,293,976 Plan fiduciary net position as a percentage of total OPEB liability 19.47% 30 In addition, certain actuarial changes were made when enacting GASB 75 that affected the Net OPEB Liability. Those changes included:  The Entry Age Normal Actuarial Cost Method must be used to attribute the actuarial present value of benefits to service periods in determining the OPEB Liability. This differed from the Projected Unit Credit Cost Method previously used by the City.  Discount Rate changes were allowed under GASB 75. Those changes included that for the unfunded portion of the plan, the discount rate is based on yields of 20-year, tax-exempt general obligation municipal bonds with an average rating of AA/Aa or higher. For the funded portion, however, the City could continue to use an assumption similar to the current discount rate. Instead of recording expense equal to the Annual Required Contribution (ARC), GASB No. 75 required expensing the change in Net OPEB Liability from one period to the next. Some sources of this change are expensed immediately, while others are amortized over a period of approximately ten to twenty years depending on plan demographics. Components of the change in the Net OPEB Liability is as follows: Actuarial assumptions. The total OPEB liability for the year ended September 30, 2018 as measured as of December 31, 2017 was determined by an actuarial valuation as of that date using the following actuarial assumptions, applied to all periods included in the measurement, unless otherwise specified: Mortality rates were based on the RP-2000 Combined Mortality Table for Males or Females, as appropriate, with adjustments for mortality improvements based on Scale BB. The actuarial assumptions used in the December 31, 2017 valuation were based on the results of an actuarial experience study for the period December 31, 2010 to December 31, 2014. Increase (Decrease) Total OPEB Plan Fiduciary Net OPEB Liability Net Position Liability Balances as of Decmeber 31, 2016 17,822,125 $ -$ 17,822,125 $ Changes for the year: Service cost 941,652 - 941,652 Interest 698,156 - 698,156 Changes of benefit terms (7,476,535) - (7,476,535) Differences between expected and - actual experience (707,212) - (707,212) Changes of assumptions of other inputs (2,874,882) - (2,874,882) Contributions-employer - 2,081,852 (2,081,852) Net investment income - 28,378 (28,378) Administrative expenses - (902) 902 Benefit payments, including refunds of - employee contributions (588,043) (588,043) - Net changes (10,006,864) 1,521,285 (11,528,149) Balances as of December 31, 2017 7,815,261 $ 1,521,285 $ 6,293,976 $ Inflation 3.0% Salary increases 4% to 11% including inflation Discount rate 7.00% (3.78% in prior year before establishment of Trust) Healthcare cost trend rates 8.0% in FY19 declining by 0.5% per year to rate of 4.75% in FYE 2026 and beyond 31 The long-term expected rate of return on OPEB plan investments was determined using a building-block method in which best-estimate ranges of expected future real rates of return (expected returns, net of investment expense and inflation) are developed for each major asset class. These ranges are combined to produce the long-term expected rate of return by weighting the expected future real rates of return by the target asset allocation percentage and by adding expected inflation. Best estimates of arithmetic real rates of return for each major asset class included in the target asset allocation are summarized in the following table: Discount rate. The discount rate used to measure the total OPEB liability was 7.0 percent. The discount rate used to determine the total OPEB Liability as of the beginning of the measurement year prior to the establishment of the OPEB trust was 3.78%. The weighted average of the Expected Real Rate of Return is added to the Expected Long-Term Inflation assumption and reduced by expected investment expenses (4.74% + 3.00% - 0.75% = 6.99%). This result is then rounded to the nearest 25 basis points to obtain the Expected Long-Term Rate of Return of 7.00%. The projected cash flows into the plan are equal to projected benefit payments out of the plan plus prefunding contributions that have been approved by the City Council. The projection of cash flows used to determine the discount rate assumed that City contributions will be made at rates equal to the actuarially determined contribution rates. The assumed rate of general inflation has been updated since the valuation used for the September 30, 2017 liability to reflect the actuary’s best expectation of future plan experience. The long-term expected rate of return for the plan is 7.0 percent. The plan operates on a pay as you go basis and accumulates assets in trust in addition to the pay as you go amount. Based on the discount rate assumptions, the OPEB plan’s fiduciary net position was projected to be available to make all projected future benefit payments of current plan members. Therefore, the long- term expected rate of return on OPEB plan investments was applied to all periods of projected benefit payments to determine the total OPEB liability. Sensitivity of the net OPEB liability to changes in the discount rate. The following presents the net OPEB liability of the City, as well as what the City’s net OPEB liability would be if it were calculated using a discount rate that is 1-percentage point lower (6.0 percent) or 1-percentage- point higher (8.0 percent) than the current discount rate: Sensitivity of the net OPEB liability to changes in the healthcare cost trend rates. The following presents the net OPEB liability of the City, as well as what the City’s net OPEB liability would be if it were calculated using healthcare cost trend rates that are 1-percentage-point lower (7.0 percent decreasing to 3.75 percent) or 1-percentage-point higher (9.0 percent decreasing to 5.75 percent) than the current healthcare cost trend rates: Expected Real Target Rate of Weighted Asset Class Allocation Return Average Cash 5.0% 0.8% 0.0% Fixed Income 35.0% 3.6% 1.3% Equity 60.0% 5.8% 3.5% Total 100.0% N/A 4.7% 1% Current 1% Decrease Discount Rate Increase (6.00%) (7.00%) (8.00%) Net OPEB liability 5,535,091 $ 6,293,976 $ 7,184,860 $ Current Healthcare 1% Decrease Cost Trend Rates 1% Increase (7.00% decreasing (8.00% decreasing (9.00% decreasing to 3.75%) to 4.75%) to 5.75%) Net OPEB liability 5,535,091 $ 6,293,976 $ 7,184,860 $ 32 OPEB Expense and Deferred Outflows of Resources and Deferred Inflows of Resources Related to OPEB For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, the City recognized OPEB expense/(income) of $(6,358,056). At September 30, 2018, the City reported changes to deferred outflows of resources and deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB from the following sources as follows: Deferred outflows of resources, of $1,323,623 related to OPEB resulting from contributions subsequent to the measurement date, will be recognized as a reduction of the net OPEB liability for the measurement year ending December 31, 2018 and recognized in the City’s financial statements as of September 30, 2019. Amounts reported as deferred outflows of resources and deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB will be recognized in OPEB expense as follows: OPEB Trust On September 11, 2017, the City Council approved a resolution adopting the Public Agencies Retirement Services (PARS) Post-Retirement Health Care Plan Trust and on September 25, 2017, the City Council passed resolution 2017-0564 appropriating the funds. Effective September 27, 2017, the City entered into a section 115 Irrevocable Exclusive Benefit agent multiple-employer trust to fund its Other Postemployment Benefits Obligation. Trust and Investment Management Services are provided by Public Agency Retirement Services (PARS) and is administered by the City. The investment manager that executes investment transactions is Highmark Capital Management, Inc. and the custodian of the trust’s funds is US Bank. With the establishment of the trust, the City can pre-fund (make annual payments in advance of the obligation) and allocate funds for the express purpose of funding future OPEB costs. The investment returns can be used to reduce the actuarial contributions and can result in lower long-term costs of the plan. As of September 30, 2018 the trust’s balance was $2,646,668. (Remainder of page intentionally left blank) Deferred Deferred Outflows of Inflows of Resources Resources Differences between expected and actual economic experience -$ 609,396$ Changes in actual assumptions - 2,477,250 Difference between projected and actual investment earnings - 1,595 Contributions subsequent to the measurement date 1,323,623 - Total 1,323,623$ 3,088,241$ Fiscal Deferred Year Ended inflows of Sept. 30: resources 2019 (495,874)$ 2020 (495,847) 2021 (495,847) 2022 (495,846) 2023 (495,448) Thereafter (609,406) (3,088,268)$ 33 FINANCIAL INFORMATION TABLE 12 - GENERAL FUND REVENUES AND EXPENDITURE HISTORY (Remainder of page intentionally left blank) 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Revenues: Taxes 56,329,528$ 53,749,315$ 48,737,894$ 46,750,120$ 41,951,522$ Licenses & Permits 1,772,959 2,127,142 2,132,802 1,500,777 1,424,598 Intergovernmental 910,169 828,510 1,373,950 355,083 189,103 Charges for Services 3,940,837 3,863,744 3,809,206 3,572,684 2,987,778 Fines, Forfeits and Penalties 3,211,536 2,917,735 3,255,051 2,693,647 3,038,926 Investment Income 449,880 241,880 148,302 116,074 66,264 Rents & Royalties 219,538 284,351 187,328 136,228 542,816 Contributions 7,361 7,580 8,880 1,251 11,016 Other 642,547 775,114 434,537 3,252,310 113,802 Total Revenues 67,484,355$ 64,795,371$ 60,087,950$ 58,378,174$ 50,325,825$ Expenditures: General Government 6,165,016$ 6,228,021$ 5,524,471$ 4,853,358$ 5,108,448$ Fiscal Services 3,954,488 3,815,223 3,733,550 3,314,990 3,029,566 Police Department 22,631,648 21,372,560 20,170,450 18,533,889 17,080,568 Fire Department 19,624,919 17,001,580 16,916,819 14,881,983 13,585,022 Planning & Development Services 3,740,969 3,741,263 3,243,768 3,106,143 2,867,857 Parks and Recreation 9,129,079 8,621,075 9,279,126 8,194,670 4,596,645 Information Technology 4,488,885 4,600,556 4,491,009 4,112,987 4,207,305 Public Works 9,575,300 8,151,055 11,162,508 9,156,069 7,611,303 Library Services 1,118,522 1,097,876 1,098,326 1,138,568 1,078,851 Contributions 1,380,580 1,280,215 1,220,251 1,187,500 1,184,115 Other - - 863 217,114 222,034 Capital Improvement Projects 319,406 988,435 667,574 129,896 731,621 Total Expenditures 82,128,812$ 76,897,859$ 77,508,715$ 68,827,167$ 61,303,335$ Other Financing Sources (Uses): Sale of General Fixed Assets -$ 47,478$ -$ 8,974,205$ 4,582,111$ Operating Transfers In 19,245,943 18,347,351 16,507,346 15,094,866 15,158,581 Operating Transfers Out (3,031,702) (2,911,020) (2,376,443) (11,441,262) (4,444,465) Total Other Financing Sources (Uses) 16,214,241$ 15,483,809$ 14,130,903$ 12,627,809$ 15,296,227$ Net Change in Fund Balance 1,569,784$ 3,381,321$ (3,289,862)$ 2,178,816$ 4,318,717$ Fund Balance, Beginning of Year 22,514,523 19,133,202 22,423,064 20,244,248 15,925,531 Prior Period Adjustment 2,706,262 - - - - Fund Balance, End of Year 26,790,569$ 22,514,523$ 19,133,202$ 22,423,064$ 20,244,248$ Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 34 TABLE 13 - MUNICIPAL SALES TAX HISTORY The City has adopted the Municipal Sales and Use Tax Act, Texas, Tax Code, Chapter 321, which grants the City the power to impose and levy a 1% Local Sales and Use Tax within the City; the proceeds are credited to the General Fund and are not pledged to the payment of the Certificates. Collections and enforcements are effected through the offices of the Comptroller of Public Accounts, State of Texas, who remits the proceeds of the tax, after deduction of a 2% service fee, to the City monthly. In May 1990, the voters of the City approved the imposition of an additional sales and use tax of one-half of one percent (½ of 1%) for property tax reduction. The total sales tax rate for the City is 1.5%. (1) Provided by the City. (2) Based on population estimates provided by the City. (3) Collections as of February 28, 2019. The sales tax breakdown for the City is as follows: FINANCIAL POLICIES Basis of Accounting . . .The accounts of the City are organized and operated on the basis of funds and account groups. A fund is an independent fiscal and accounting entity with a self-balancing set of accounts. Fund accounting segregates funds according to their intended purpose and is used to aid management in demonstrating compliance with finance-related legal and contractual provisions. The minimum number of funds is maintained consistent with legal and managerial requirements. Account groups are a reporting device to account for certain assets and liabilities of the governmental funds not recorded directly in those funds. Government funds are used to account for the City’s general government activities. Governmental fund types use the flow of current financial resources measurement focus and the modified accrual basis of accounting. General Fund . . . The General Fund is the City’s primary operating fund. It is used to account for all activities typically considered governmental functions of the City. These include Public Safety, Public Works, Parks and Recreation, Economic and Planning and Development Services, the support functions for these areas, and the administrative functions for the City. The General Fund for the 2018-2019 fiscal year is influenced by current policies and any approved policy changes. The policies include inter-fund equity; maintaining a balance between revenues and expenditures; and maintaining the level of service currently provided as the City experiences residential and commercial growth. The City’s financial policies are for a General Fund balance of 15% of budgeted appropriations at year end. To the extent that the General Fund balance exceeds this amount, this surplus is to be expended in future years for one time expenditures such as capital items and short term projects. Debt Service Fund . . .The Debt Service Fund accounts for the servicing of general long-term debt not being financed by proprietary or nonexpendable trust funds. It is the City’s policy to maintain at least 8 1/3% of annual appropriated expenditures for debt service and any associated fees as the Debt Service Fund balance at fiscal yearend. The City is in compliance with that policy. Budgetary Procedures . . .Prior to September 1, the City Manager submits to the City Council a proposed operating budget for the fiscal year commencing the following October 1. The operating budget includes proposed expenditures and the means of financing them. All budget requests are compiled by the Finance Department and presented with comparative and supporting data to the Mayor and City Council for review. Public hearings are properly advertised and conducted at City Hall for taxpayer comments. Prior to September 27, the budget is legally enacted through passage of an ordinance. The City Council must approve all transfers of budgeted amounts between departments within any fund and any revision that alters the total expenditure of any fund. An amount is also budgeted each year for contingencies which may arise. Fiscal Year % of Equivalent of Ended Total Ad Valorem Ad Valorem Per 9/30 Collected (1)Tax Levy Tax Rate Capita (2) 2015 26,687,963$ 89.55% 0.41$ 261$ 2016 27,163,480 84.71% 0.38 255 2017 28,561,762 77.18% 0.36 260 2018 28,799,040 66.51% 0.33 244 2019 10,482,189 (3)22.57% 0.11 87 Brazos County Sales & Use Tax 1/2 % Property Tax Reduction 1/2 % City Sales & Use Tax 1 % State Sales & Use Tax 6 1/4 % Total 8 1/4 % 35 THE COMBINED UTILITY SYSTEM WATERWORKS SYSTEM Since December 1981, the City has had the capability to produce and deliver 100% of its water. The system has been expanded to a system of nine wells, with a combined capacity of 29 million gallons per day. The water is delivered to the distribution system by 14 miles of 30- inch diameter and 36 inch diameter pipeline and two pumping stations. Two of the wells mentioned above are shallow wells, less than 1,500 feet deep, drilled into the Carrizo and Sparta aquifers. The remaining seven are deep wells, approximately 3,000 feet, drilled in the Simsboro Sand formation of the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer. This is a very prolific aquifer of high quality water that has the capacity to provide an adequate water supply for the City and surrounding communities through the year 2060, and well beyond, if managed properly. The Simsboro Sand, and all local aquifers, are regulated by the Brazos Valley Groundwater Conservation District, and permitting requirements have been implemented for all new water wells. College Station has obtained a Drilling/Operating Permit from the Groundwater District for the City to drill another Simsboro Well, Well #9, which will complete construction in FY-18. This well will meet our projected demands for water for many years into the future. Well #10 remains in the planning stages, and would be constructed in approximately 2022, depending upon the rate of growth of water demands. College Station is also investigating other water supply strategies for the future. One example is Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR), which would store treated wastewater effluent in an aquifer for future use, most likely during summer peaks. If implemented, this ASR system would greatly reduce the demand on the groundwater production system and ensure a very stable water supply for the City. The City has completed a Water Reclamation project, which pumps effluent from the wastewater treatment plant up to Veteran’s Park for irrigation of playing fields, reducing the demand on the potable water system by approximately 350,000 gallons per day during watering season. Additional phases of the reclaimed water system are in the planning stages. In 2016, the City completed a two year agreement with an oil company, which provided the City with $470,000 of revenue for providing just under 200 million gallons of reclaimed water, and is currently in a second contract that has generated $125,000 of revenue so far. The City also has stand by generators at strategic locations sufficient to provide adequate potable water for health and safety during an extended area-wide electrical power outage. Water rates were established by ordinance, passed and approved by the City Council, and the following rates will become effective July 1, 2018. The Residential rates are inclined block rates to encourage water conservation. Type of Customer Usage Charge (per 1,000 gallons) Service Charge Meter Size Residential, Commercial and Industrial 10.80 per mo. 3/4” 13.55 per mo. 1” 20.17 per mo. 1 1/2” 31.85 per mo. 2” 100.53 per mo. 3” 149.35 per mo. 4” 181.82 per mo. 6” 181.82 per mo. 8” Residential $2.40 for usage from 0-10,000 gallons $3.12 for usage from 11,000-15,000 gallons $3.83 for usage from 16,000-20,000 gallons $4.54 for usage from 21,000-25,000 gallons $5.26 for usage from 26,000 gallons and more Commercial $2.64 per 1,000 gallons Commercial Irrigation Usage Charge Commercial Irrigation Multifamily 3+ units MUD #1 Residential and Commercial $2.84 per 1,000 gallons $2.64 per 1,000 gallons Rates as above with an added 50% surcharge 36 WASTEWATER SYSTEM The City’s waste water is treated by three City-owned wastewater treatment plants, Carter Creek Treatment Plant, Lick Creek Treatment Plant, and Carter’s Lake Treatment Plant located within the City limits. The three plants have a combined treatment capacity of 11.5 mgd as compared to annual average average daily demand of 7.4 mgd. The treatment plant’s capacity is estimated to be adequate to serve a population of 125,000. Sewer rates were established by ordinance, passed and approved by the City Council, and became effective on October 1, 2016. Residential (metered water) .......................................................... $20.28 including 4,000 gallons of metered water Usage Charge ................................................................................ $4.06 per 1,000 gallons of additional metered water $44.64 maximum per month Residential (without meter to each unit)....................................... $25.80 per unit per month Commercial and Industrial ........................................................... $17.40 per month Usage Charge ........................................................................................... ....................................................................................................... $4.83 per 1,000 gallons of metered water usage There are 2,476 customers (units) who receive their water from Wellborn Water, but sewer is provided by the City of College Station. Those customers pay an initial usage charge of $44.64 per month. After six months of documented waste water usage, rates can be adjusted downward on a tiered scale. ELECTRIC SUPPLY SOURCE The City has multiple Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) in order to meet its load requirements. The PPAs are currently with AEPEP (AEP Energy Partners) and Garland Power and Light (GP&L). With AEPEP, the City has fixed block ATC PPA that expires in 2027. The City also has a PPA with AEPEP for wind power that expires in 2028. The City has a load following PPA with GP&L that expires in 2021. While the PPAs with AEPEP are considered base load power, the load following PPA with GP&L covers the load above the base power provided by AEPEP's PPAs. GP&L is also the City’s Qualified Scheduling Entity (QSE). GP&L's QSE schedules and settles all the contract resources owned by the City. On City's advice the QSE also procures any replacement power as needed on behalf of the City. Other wholesale/power supply costs include Congestion costs, Ancillary Services and Transmission Cost of Service (TCOS). Since the City owns transmission assets, it not only pays but also receives TCOS payments based on TCOS rates approved by the Public Utility Commission of Texas. The City owns 20 miles of 138kV transmission lines, seven substations, and 458 miles of distribution lines. ERCOT servesas the RTO/ISO for the area. The current electric rates were established by ordinance passed and approved by the City Council and became effective on October 1, 2016. The electric rates are subject to a transmission delivery adjustment (TDA) charge which requires that the net energy charge per kilowatt hour must be increased or decreased by an amount per kilowatt hour equal to additional transmission charges above those accounted for in the wholesale rate. The TDA is currently set at $0.005 per kilowatt hour of energy consumed. In January 2009, College Station Utilities began offering residential electric customers renewable wind energy. In February 2010, the renewable wind energy program was expanded to include commercial customers. Wind energy is generated from the South Trent Mesa Wind Project located west of Abilene, Texas. Single Family Residential ........................... Service Charge .............................................. $7.00 per month plus: kWh (May through October) ........................ $0.1169 per kWh kWh (November through April) ................... $0.1123 per kWh Tax ................................................................. 1.50% Transmission Delivery Adjustment (TDA) .. $0.005 per kWh Master Metered Multiple Dwelling Units . Service Charge ............................................... $100.00 per month per master meter plus: kWh (May through October) ......................... $0.1181 per kWh kWh (November through April) .................... $0.1134 per kWh Tax .................................................................. 1.50% TDA ................................................................ $0.005 per kWh Small Commercial (1-10 KW demand) ..... Service Charge ............................................... $9.00 per month plus: First 1,000 kWh ............................................. $0.1344 per kWh Over 1,000 kWh ............................................ $0.1028 per kWh 37 Tax ................................................................. 8.25% TDA ............................................................... $0.005 per kWh Medium Commercial (15-300 KW) .......... Service Charge ............................................... $25.00 per month plus: Demand Charge (Per KW) ............................ $10.40 per KW Energy Charge All kWh ................................ $0.0729 per KW Minimum Monthly Charge ........................... $181.00 Tax ................................................................. 8.25% TDA ............................................................... $0.005 per kWh Large Commercial (300 – 1,500 KW) ....... Service Charge ............................................... $75.00 per month plus: Demand Charge (Per KW) ............................ $10.40 per KW Energy Charge All kWh ................................ $0.0703 per KW Minimum Monthly Charge ........................... $3,195.00 Tax ................................................................. 8.25% TDA ............................................................... $0.005 per kWh Industrial (1,500 KW and over) ................. Service Charge ............................................... $250.00 per month plus: Demand Charge (Per KW) ............................. $9.85 Energy Charge (first 500,000 kWh) .............. $0.0689 per KW Minimum Monthly $15,034.85 Tax .................................................................. 8.25% TDA ................................................................ $0.005 per kWh WIND WATT RATES Wind rates were established by Ordinance #2012-3397 on February 23, 2012, passed and approved by the City Council, and became effective on March 1, 2012. Participation Level: Residential & Commercial 10% ..................................................................... $0.0005 per KW 50% ..................................................................... $0.0025 per KW 100% ................................................................... $0.005 per KW TABLE 14 - HISTORICAL UTILITY USERS (UNITS SERVED) (Remainder of page intentionally left blank) 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Water 44,995 43,199 41,709 41,540 40,768 Wastewater 46,031 42,840 40,866 40,806 39,128 Electric 39,435 39,300 40,141 43,471 38,198 Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 38 TABLE 15 - TEN LARGEST UTILITY CUSTOMERS TABLE 16 - CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS TABLE 17 – VALUE OF THE SYSTEM Total Percent FY 2018 KWH of KWH Utility Customer Type of Business Consumption Consumed CSISD Schools 24,299,527 2.90% City of College Station Municipality 21,743,761 2.60% Scott & White Clinc/Hospital/Pharmacy 17,778,777 2.12% Texas A&M University 12,780,958 1.53% Biotechnologies Texas LLC Medical 9,617,500 1.15% Wal-Mart Retail 9,166,320 1.09% CBL & Associates Retail Mall 8,910,640 1.06% College Station Medical Center Medical 8,689,756 1.04% HEB Grocery Retail 8,426,400 1.01% Dealer Computer Services Inc Retail 6,444,480 0.77% 127,858,119 15.26% 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Revenues: Electric 102,511,712 $ 99,179,570 $ 98,904,688 $ 98,763,293 $ 95,677,765 $ Water and Wastewater 33,602,131 31,333,922 29,484,851 28,732,968 27,550,262 Interest 1,262,551 697,655 346,312 180,423 116,433 Other 2,520,335 3,179,821 3,636,420 3,546,138 2,890,061 Total Revenues 139,896,729 $ 134,390,968 $ 132,372,271 $ 131,222,822 $ 126,234,521 $ Expenses: Total Expenses 77,828,073 $ 78,766,516 $ 76,771,094 $ 82,079,813 $ 100,235,329 $ Net Available for Debt Service 62,068,656 $ 55,624,452 $ 55,601,177 $ 49,143,009 $ 25,999,192 $ Water (Units Served) 44,995 43,199 41,709 41,540 40,768 Wastewater (Units Served) 46,031 42,840 40,866 40,806 39,128 Electric (Units Served) 39,435 39,300 40,141 43,471 38,198 For Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Utility Systems 579,717,873$ 553,774,054$ 527,435,531$ 507,758,485$ 459,071,713$ Construction in Progress 46,447,061 30,240,705 23,520,025 13,213,020 43,281,736 626,164,934$ 584,014,759$ 550,955,556$ 520,971,505$ 502,353,449$ Less: Accumulated Depreciation 246,243,993 229,374,628 213,325,487 198,339,390 183,756,067 Net System Value 379,920,941$ 354,640,131$ 337,630,069$ 322,632,115$ 318,597,382$ Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 39 TABLE 18 – CITY’S EQUITY IN THE SYSTEM (1) Includes OPEB Net Pension Obligations. TABLE 19 – UTILITY REVENUE BOND AND SYSTEM SUPPORTED CERTIFICATE DEBT SERVICE (1) Represents refunding bonds. (2) Certificates of Obligation supported in whole or in part by Utility System revenues. (3) General Obligation Improvement Bonds supported in part by the Utility System revenues. Resources 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 Net System Value 379,920,941$ 354,640,131$ 337,630,069$ 322,632,115$ 318,597,382$ Current Assets 102,382,543 70,636,223 63,085,837 52,023,881 42,939,476 Restricted Assets 11,296,693 30,149,917 21,849,829 19,977,038 27,760,893 Other Resources - - - - 0 Deferred Charges 3,506,226 5,197,104 5,425,502 2,381,933 1,305,356 Total 497,106,403$ 460,623,375$ 427,991,237$ 397,014,967$ 390,603,107$ Obligations Current Liabilities 12,467,547$ 10,681,761$ 9,511,319$ 13,688,841$ 19,092,357$ Current Liabilities Payable from Restricted Assets 15,872,611 15,887,617 15,462,903 10,735,825 7,292,731 General Obligation Debt 52,738,157 59,325,710 55,626,759 43,175,000 47,995,000 Certificates of Obligation 91,642,717 77,282,370 78,814,496 83,445,000 87,210,000 Revenue Bond Debt - - - 13,395,000 14,920,000 Other Debt (1)8,016,706 8,899,938 9,418,425 8,593,734 9,385,034 Total Liabilities 180,737,738$ 172,077,396$ 168,833,902$ 173,033,400$ 185,895,122$ City's Equity in System 316,368,665$ 288,545,979$ 259,157,335$ 223,981,567$ 204,707,985$ Percentage of Equity in System 63.64% 62.64% 60.55% 56.42% 52.41% Fiscal Year Ended September 30, Original Outstanding Principal Principal Amount as of 9/30/2018 2008 (2)15,925,000 1,600,000 2009 (2)19,490,000 2,850,000 2010 (2)2,850,000 1,995,000 2010 (1)(3)25,905,000 9,730,000 2011 (2)7,920,000 5,880,000 2012 (2)16,415,000 12,655,000 2012 (1)(3)9,570,000 4,720,000 2013 (2)10,230,000 8,335,000 2013 (1)(3)6,255,000 3,620,000 2014 (2)23,555,000 20,135,000 2014 (1)(3)14,455,000 8,090,000 2016 (2)7,250,000 6,685,000 2016 (1)(3)18,710,000 17,170,000 2017 (2)12,140,000 11,830,000 2017 (1)(3)9,205,000 9,205,000 2018 (2)19,150,000 19,150,000 2019 (2)38,370,000 38,370,000 257,395,000 $ 182,020,000 $ Series 40 INVESTMENTS The City invests its investable funds in investments authorized by Texas law in accordance with investment policies approved by the City Council. Both state law and the City’s investment policies are subject to change. LEGAL INVESTMENTS Under State law, the City is authorized to invest in: (1) obligations of the United States or its agencies and instrumentalities, including letters of credit; (2) direct obligations of the State or its agencies and instrumentalities; (3) collateralized mortgage obligations directly issued by a federal agency or instrumentality of the United States, the underlying security for which is guaranteed by an agency or instrumentality of the United States; (4) other obligations, the principal of and interest on which are unconditionally guaranteed or insured by, or backed by the full faith and credit of, the State or the United States or their respective agencies and instrumentalities, including obligations that are fully guaranteed or insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or by the explicit full faith and credit of the United States; (5) obligations of states, agencies, counties, cities, and other political subdivisions of any state rated as to investment quality by a nationally recognized investment rating firm not less than A or its equivalent; (6) bonds issued, assumed, or guaranteed by the State of Israel; (7) certificates of deposit and share certificates (i) issued by a depository institution that has its main office or a branch office in the State of Texas, that are guaranteed or insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund, or are secured as to principal by obligations described in clauses (1) through (6) or in any other manner and amount provided by law for City deposits, or (ii) where (a) the funds are invested by the City through (I) a broker that has its main office or a branch office in the State of Texas and is selected from a list adopted, at least annually, by the City as required by law or (II) a depository institution that has its main office or a branch office in the State of Texas that is selected by the City; (b) the broker or the depository institution selected by the City arranges for the deposit of the funds in certificates of deposit in one or more federally insured depository institutions, wherever located, for the account of the City; (c) the full amount of the principal and accrued interest of each of the certificates of deposit is insured by the United States or an instrumentality of the United States, and (d) the City appoints the depository institution selected under (a) above, a custodian as described by Section 2257.041(d) of the Texas Government Code, or a clearing broker-dealer registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and operating pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 15c3-3 (17 C.F.R. Section 240.15c3-3) as custodian for the City with respect to the certificates of deposit; (8) fully collateralized repurchase agreements that have a defined termination date, are fully secured by a combination of cash and obligations described in clause (1) which are pledged to the City, held in the City’s name, and deposited at the time the investment is made with the City or with a third party selected and approved by the City and are placed through a primary government securities dealer, as defined by the Federal Reserve, or a financial institution doing business in the State of Texas; (9) bankers’ acceptances with the remaining term of 270 days or less, if the short-term obligations of the accepting bank or its parent are rated at least “A-1” or “P-1” or the equivalent by at least one nationally recognized credit rating agency; (10) commercial paper that is rated at least “A-1” or “P-1” or the equivalent by either (a) two nationally recognized credit rating agencies or (b) one nationally recognized credit rating agency if the paper is fully secured by an irrevocable letter of credit issued by a bank organized and existing under the laws of the United States or any state; (11) no-load money market mutual funds regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission that have a dollar weighted average portfolio maturity of 90 days or less and include in their investment objectives the maintenance of a stable net asset value of $1 for each share; (12) no-load mutual funds registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission that: have an average weighted maturity of less than two years; invests exclusively in obligations described in the preceding clauses; and are continuously rated as to investment quality by at least one nationally recognized investment rating firm of not less than “AAA” or its equivalent; provided, however, that the City is not authorized to invest in the aggregate more than 15% of its monthly average fund balance, excluding bond proceeds and reserves and other funds held for debt service, in such no-load mutual funds, and (13) for bond proceeds, guaranteed investment contracts that have a defined termination date, are secured by obligations of the United States or its agencies and instrumentalities in an amount equal to the amount invested under the contract, and are pledged to the City and deposited with the City or a third party selected and approved by the City. The City is also authorized to invest its funds through an eligible investment pool if the governing body of the City by rule, ordinance, or resolution, as appropriate, authorizes investment in the particular pool. To be eligible to receive funds from and invest funds on behalf of the City, an investment pool must furnish to the investment officer or other authorized representative of the City an offering circular or other similar disclosure instrument that contains, at a minimum, the following information: (1) the types of investments in which money is allowed to be invested; (2) the maximum average dollar-weighted maturity allowed, based on the stated maturity date, of the pool; (3) the maximum stated maturity date any investment security within the portfolio has; (4) the objectives of the pool; (5) the size of the pool; (6) the names of the members of the advisory board of the pool and the dates their terms expire; (7) the custodian bank that will safekeep the pool's assets; (8) whether the intent of the pool is to maintain a net asset value of one dollar and the risk of market price fluctuation; (9) whether the only source of payment is the assets of the pool at market value or whether there is a secondary source of payment, such as insurance or guarantees, and a description of the secondary source of payment; (10) the name and address of the independent auditor of the pool; (11) the requirements to be satisfied for an entity to deposit funds in and withdraw funds from the pool and any deadlines or other operating policies required for the entity to invest funds in and withdraw funds from the pool; and (12) the performance history of the pool, including yield, average dollar- weighted maturities, and expense ratios. Governmental bodies in the State are authorized to implement securities lending programs if (i) the securities loaned under the program are 100% collateralized, a loan made under the program allows for termination at any time and a loan made under the program is either secured by (a) obligations that are described in clauses (1) through (6) of the first paragraph under this subcaption, (b) irrevocable letters of credit issued by a state or national bank that is continuously rated by a nationally recognized investment rating firm not less than “A” or its equivalent, or (c) cash invested in obligations that are described in clauses (1) through (6) and (10) through (12) of the first paragraph under this subcaption, or an authorized investment pool; (ii) securities held as collateral under a loan are pledged to the governmental body, held in the name of the governmental body and deposited at the time the investment is made with the City or a third party designated by the City; (iii) a loan made under the program is placed through either a primary government securities dealer or a financial institution doing business in the State; and (iv) the agreement to lend securities has a term of one year or less. 41 The City may invest in such obligations directly or through government investment pools that invest solely in such obligations provided that the pools are rated no lower than “AAA” or “AAAm” or an equivalent by at least one nationally recognized rating service. The City is specifically prohibited from investing in: (1) obligations whose payment represents the coupon payments on the outstanding principal balance of the underlying mortgage-backed security collateral and pays no principal; (2) obligations whose payment represents the principal stream of cash flow from the underlying mortgage-backed security and bears no interest; (3) collateralized mortgage obligations that have a stated final maturity of greater than 10 years; and (4) collateralized mortgage obligations the interest rate of which is determined by an index that adjusts opposite to the changes in a market index. INVESTMENT POLICIES Under Texas law, the City is required to invest its funds under written investment policies that primarily emphasize safety of principal and liquidity; that address investment diversification, yield, maturity, and the quality and capability of investment management; and that includes a list of authorized investments for City funds, maximum allowable stated maturity of any individual investment and the maximum average dollar- weighted maturity allowed for pooled fund groups, methods to monitor the market price of investments acquired with public funds, a requirement for settlement of all transactions, except investment pool funds and mutual funds, on a delivery versus payment basis, and procedures to monitor rating changes in investments acquired with public funds and the liquidation of such investments consistent with the PFIA. All City funds must be invested consistent with a formally adopted “Investment Strategy Statement” that specifically addresses each funds’ investment. Each Investment Strategy Statement will describe its objectives concerning (1) suitability of investment type, (2) preservation and safety of principal, (3) liquidity, (4) marketability of each investment, (5) diversification of the portfolio, and (6) yield. Under Texas law, City investments must be made “with judgment and care, under prevailing circumstances, that a person of prudence, discretion, and intelligence would exercise in the management of the person’s own affairs, not for speculation, but for investment, considering the probable safety of capital and the probable income to be derived.” At least quarterly the investment officers of the City will submit an investment report detailing (1) the investment position of the City, (2) that all investment officers jointly prepared and signed the report, (3) the beginning market value and ending market value for each pooled fund group, (4) the book value and market value of each separately listed asset at the end of the reporting period, (5) the maturity date of each separately invested asset, (6) the account or fund or pooled fund group for which each individual investment was acquired, and (7) the compliance of the investment portfolio as it relates to: (a) adopted investment strategy statements and (b) state law. No person may invest City funds without express written authority from the City Council. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS Under Texas law the City is additionally required to: (1) annually review its adopted policies and strategies; (2) require any investment officers’ with personal business relationships or relatives with firms seeking to sell securities to the entity to disclose the relationship and file a statement with the Texas Ethics Commission and the City Council; (3) require the registered principal of firms seeking to sell securities to the City to: (a) receive and review the City’s investment policy, (b) acknowledge that reasonable controls and procedures have been implemented to preclude imprudent investment activities, and (c) deliver a written statement attesting to these requirements; (4) perform an annual audit of the management controls on investments and adherence to the City’s investment policy; (5) provide specific investment training for the Finance Director, Treasurer, Assistant City Manager and investment officers; (6) restrict reverse repurchase agreements to not more than 90 days and restrict the investment of reverse repurchase agreement funds to no greater than the term of the reverse repurchase agreement; (7) restrict the investment in non-money market mutual funds of any portion of bond proceeds, reserves and funds held for debt service and to no more than 15% of the entity’s monthly average fund balance, excluding bond proceeds and reserves and other funds held for debt service; (8) require local government investment pools to conform to the new disclosure, rating, net asset value, yield calculation, and advisory board requirements and (9) at least annually review, revise, and adopt a list of qualified brokers that are authorized to engage in investment transactions with the City. Under Texas law, the City may contract with an investment management firm registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. Section 80b-1 et seq.) or with the State Securities Board to provide for the investment and management of its public funds or other funds under its control for a term up to two years, but the City retains ultimate responsibility as fiduciary of its assets. In order to renew or extend such a contract, the City must do so by order, ordinance or resolution. The City has not contracted with, and has no present intention of contracting with, any such investment management firm or the State Securities Board to provide such services. CITY’S INVESTMENT POLICY The Assistant City Manager or his designee will promptly cause all City funds to be deposited with the bank depository and invested in accordance with the provisions of the current Bank Depository Agreement or in any negotiable instrument that the City Council has authorized under the provisions of the PFIA, as amended, and in accordance with the City Council approved Investment Policies. At the end of each fiscal year, a report on investment performance will be provided to the City Council. In conjunction with the quarterly financial report, the Assistant City Manager or his designee will prepare and provide a written recapitulation of the City’s investment portfolio to the Council, detailing each City investment instrument with its rate of return and maturity date. The City's adopted investment policy permits the City to invest its funds and funds under its control in all of the enumerated investments authorized by the PFIA. 42 TABLE 20 - CURRENT INVESTMENTS As of February 28, 2019, the City’s investable funds were invested in the following categories: TAX MATTERS OPINION . . . On the date of initial delivery of the Certificates, McCall, Parkhurst & Horton L.L.P., Dallas, Texas, Bond Counsel, will render its opinion that, in accordance with statutes, regulations, published rulings and court decisions existing on the date thereof (“Existing Law”), (1) interest on the Certificates for federal income tax purposes will be excludable from the “gross income” of the holders thereof and (2) the Certificates will not be treated as “specified private activity bonds” the interest on which would be included as an alternative minimum tax preference item under section 57(a)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”). Except as stated above, Bond Counsel will express no opinion as to any other federal, state or local tax consequences of the purchase, ownership or disposition of the Certificates. See Appendix C - Form of Opinion of Bond Counsel. In rendering its opinion, Bond Counsel will rely upon (a) certain information and representations of the City, including information and representations contained in the City's federal tax certificate, and (b) covenants of the City contained in the Ordinance authorizing the Certificates relating to certain matters, including arbitrage and the use of the proceeds of the Certificates and the property financed or refinanced therewith. Failure of the City to comply with these representations or covenants could cause the interest on the Certificates, as the case may be, to become includable in gross income retroactively to their date of issuance. The Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder contain a number of requirements that must be satisfied subsequent to the issuance of the Certificates in order for interest on the Certificates to be, and to remain, excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes. Failure to comply with such requirements may cause interest on the Certificates to be included in gross income retroactively to the date of issuance of the Certificates. The opinions of Bond Counsel are rendered in reliance upon the compliance by the City with such requirements, and Bond Counsel has not been retained to monitor compliance with these requirements subsequent to the issuance of the Certificates. Bond Counsel's opinions are not a guarantee of a result, but represent its legal judgment based upon its review of Existing Law and reliance on the aforementioned information, representations and covenants. Existing Law is subject to change by the Congress and to subsequent judicial and administrative interpretation by the courts and the Department of the Treasury. There can be no assurance that Existing Law or the interpretation thereof will not be changed in a manner which would adversely affect the tax treatment of the purchase, ownership or disposition of the Certificates. A ruling was not sought from the Internal Revenue Service by the Issuer with respect to the Certificates or the property financed or refinanced with proceeds of the Certificates. No assurances can be given as to whether the Internal Revenue Service will commence an audit of the Certificates, or as to whether the Internal Revenue Service would agree with the opinion of Bond Counsel. If an Internal Revenue Service audit is commenced, under current procedures the Internal Revenue Service is likely to treat the Issuer as the taxpayer and the Certificate holders may have no right to participate in such procedure. No additional interest will be paid upon any determination of taxability. FEDERAL INCOME TAX ACCOUNTING TREATMENT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT . . . The initial public offering price to be paid for one or more maturities of the Certificates may be less than the principal amount thereof or one or more periods for the payment of interest on the Certificates may not be equal to the accrual period or be in excess of one year (the “Original Issue Discount Certificates”). In such event, the difference between (i) the “stated redemption price at maturity” of each Original Issue Discount Certificate, and (ii) the initial offering price to the public of such Original Issue Discount Certificate would constitute original issue discount. The “stated redemption price at maturity” means the sum of all payments to be made on the Certificates less the amount of all periodic interest payments. Periodic interest payments are payments which are made during equal accrual periods (or during any unequal period if it is the initial or final period) and which are made during accrual periods which do not exceed one year. Under Existing Law, any owner who has purchased such Original Issue Discount Certificate in the initial public offering is entitled to exclude from gross income (as defined in section 61 of the Code) an amount of income with respect to such Original Issue Discount Certificate equal to that portion of the amount of such original issue discount allocable to the accrual period. For a discussion of certain collateral federal tax consequences, see discussion set forth below. Book Market Investment Type Value Value Cash 5,000,000 $ 5,000,000 $ Local Government Investment Pool 8,172,247 8,172,247 Money Market Mutual Fund 233,088,934 233,088,934 US Agencies and Securities 35,000,000 34,724,800 281,261,181$ 280,985,981$ 43 In the event of the redemption, sale or other taxable disposition of such Original Issue Discount Certificate prior to stated maturity, however, the amount realized by such owner in excess of the basis of such Original Issue Discount Certificate in the hands of such owner (adjusted upward by the portion of the original issue discount allocable to the period for which such Original Issue Discount Certificate was held by such initial owner) is includable in gross income. Under Existing Law, the original issue discount on each Original Issue Discount Certificate is accrued daily to the stated maturity thereof (in amounts calculated as described below for each accrual period within each accrual period) and the accrued amount is added to an initial owner's basis for such Original Issue Discount Certificate for purposes of determining the amount of gain or loss recognized by such owner upon the redemption, sale or other disposition thereof. The amount to be added to basis for each accrual period is equal to (a) the sum of the issue price and the amount of original issue discount accrued in prior periods multiplied by the yield to stated maturity (determined on the basis of compounding at the close of each accrual period and properly adjusted for the length of the accrual period) less (b) the amounts payable as current interest during such accrual period on such Original Issue Discount Certificate. The federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, redemption, sale or other disposition of Original Issue Discount Certificates which are not purchased in the initial offering at the initial offering price may be determined according to rules which differ from those described above. All owners of Original Issue Discount Certificates should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the determination for federal, state and local income tax purposes of the treatment of interest accrued upon redemption, sale or other disposition of such Original Issue Discount Certificates and with respect to the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, redemption, sale or other disposition of such Original Issue Discount Certificates. COLLATERAL FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES . . . The following discussion is a summary of certain collateral federal income tax consequences resulting from the purchase, ownership or disposition of the Certificates. This discussion is based on Existing Law, which is subject to change or modification, retroactively. The following discussion is applicable to investors, other than those who are subject to special provisions of the Code, such as financial institutions, property and casualty insurance companies, life insurance companies, individual recipients of Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits, individuals allowed an earned income credit, certain S corporations with accumulated earnings and profits and excess passive investment income, foreign corporations subject to the branch profits tax, taxpayers qualifying for the health insurance premium credit and taxpayers who may be deemed to have incurred or continued indebtedness to purchase tax-exempt obligations. THE DISCUSSION CONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE EXHAUSTIVE. INVESTORS, INCLUDING THOSE WHO ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIAL PROVISIONS OF THE CODE, SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE TAX TREATMENT WHICH MAY BE ANTICIPATED TO RESULT FROM RECENTLY ENACTED LEGISLATION OR FROM THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF TAX-EXEMPT OBLIGATIONS BEFORE DETERMINING WHETHER TO PURCHASE THE CERTIFICATES. Under section 6012 of the Code, holders of tax-exempt obligations, such as the Certificates, may be required to disclose interest received or accrued during each taxable year on their returns of federal income taxation. Section 1276 of the Code provides for ordinary income tax treatment of gain recognized upon the disposition of a tax-exempt obligation, such as the Certificates, if such obligation was acquired at a “market discount” and if the fixed maturity of such obligation is equal to, or exceeds, one year from the date of issue. Such treatment applies to “market discount bonds” to the extent such gain does not exceed the accrued market discount of such bonds; although for this purpose, a de minimis amount of market discount is ignored. A “market discount bond” is one which is acquired by the holder at a purchase price which is less than the stated redemption price at maturity or, in the case of a bond issued at an original issue discount, the “revised issue price” (i.e., the issue price plus accrued original issue discount). The “accrued market discount” is the amount which bears the same ratio to the market discount as the number of days during which the holder holds the obligation bears to the number of days between the acquisition date and the final maturity date. STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN TAXES . . . Investors should consult their own tax advisors concerning the tax implications of the purchase, ownership or disposition of the Certificates under applicable state or local laws. Foreign investors should also consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax consequences unique to investors who are not United States persons. Subject to certain exceptions, information reports describing interest income, including original issue discount, with respect to the Certificates will be sent to each registered holder and to the Internal Revenue Service. Payments of interest and principal may be subject to backup withholding under section 3406 of the Code if a recipient of the payments fails to furnish to the payor such owner's social security number or other taxpayer identification number ("TIN"), furnishes an incorrect TIN, or otherwise fails to establish an exemption from the backup withholding tax. Any amounts so withheld would be allowed as a credit against the recipient's federal income tax. Special rules apply to partnerships, estates and trusts, and in certain circumstances, and in respect of Non-U.S. Holders, certifications as to foreign status and other matters may be required to be provided by partners and beneficiaries thereof. INFORMATION REPORTING AND BACKUP WITHHOLDING . . . Subject to certain exceptions, information reports describing interest income, including original issue discount, with respect to the Certificates will be sent to each registered holder and to the IRS. Payments of interest and principal may be subject to backup withholding under section 3406 of the Code if a recipient of the payments fails to furnish to the payor such owner’s social security number or other taxpayer identification number (“TIN”), furnishes an incorrect TIN, or otherwise fails to establish an exemption from the backup withholding tax. Any amounts so withheld would be allowed as a credit against the recipient’s federal income tax. Special rules apply to partnerships, estates and trusts, and in certain circumstances, and in respect of Non-U.S. Holders, certifications as to foreign status and other matters may be required to be provided by partners and beneficiaries thereof. 44 FUTURE AND PROPOSED LEGISLATION . . . Tax legislation, administrative actions taken by tax authorities, or court decisions, whether at the federal or state level, may adversely affect the tax-exempt status of interest on the Certificates under federal or state law, and could affect the market price or marketability of the Certificates. Any of the foregoing could limit the value of certain deductions and exclusions, including the exclusion for tax-exempt interest. The likelihood of any of the foregoing becoming effective cannot be predicted. Prospective purchasers of the Certificates should consult their own tax advisors regarding the foregoing matters. CONTINUING DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION In the Ordinance, the City has made the following agreement for the benefit of the holders and beneficial owners of Certificates. The City is required to observe the agreement for so long as it remains obligated to advance funds to pay the Certificates. Under the agreement, the City will be obligated to provide certain updated financial information and operating data annually, and timely notice of specified events, to the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (the “MSRB”). This information will be publicly available at no cost on the Electronic Municipal Market Access of the MSRB, with the web address www.emma.msrb.org (“EMMA”). The agreement specifies that all documents provided to the MSRB shall be accompanied by identifying information as prescribed by the MSRB. ANNUAL REPORTS . . . The City will provide certain updated financial information and operating data to the MSRB on an annual basis in an electronic format that is prescribed by the MSRB and available via the Electronic Municipal Market Access System ("EMMA") at www.emma.msrb.org. The information to be updated includes all quantitative financial information and operating data with respect to the City of the general type included in this Official Statement under Tables numbered 1 through 6; 8 through 20 and in Appendix B. The City will update and provide the information in Tables 1 through 6 and 8 through 20 within six months after the end of each fiscal year ending in and after 2019. The City will additionally provide audited financial statements when and if available, and in any event, within 12 months after the end of each fiscal year ending in or after 2019. If the audit of such financial statements is not complete within 12 months after any such fiscal year end, then the City will file unaudited financial statements within such 12 month period and audited financial statements for the applicable fiscal year, when and if the audit report on such statements becomes available. Any such financial statements will be prepared in accordance with the accounting principles described in Appendix B or such other accounting principles as the City may be required to employ from time to time pursuant to State law or regulation. The financial information and operating data to be provided may be set forth in full in one or more documents or may be included by specific reference to any document available to the public on the MSRB’s Internet Web site identified below or filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), as permitted by SEC Rule 15c2-12 (the "Rule"). The City’s current fiscal year end is September 30. Accordingly, the City must provide updated information included in Tables 1 through 6 and 8 through 20 by the last day of March in each year, and audited financial statements for the preceding fiscal year (or unaudited financial statements if the audited financial statements are not yet available) as described above. If the City changes its fiscal year, it will file notice of the change (and of the date of the new fiscal year end) with the MSRB prior to the next date by which the City otherwise would be required to provide financial information and operating data as set forth above. EVENT NOTICES . . . The City will also provide timely notices of certain events to the MSRB. The City will provide notice of any of the following events with respect to the Certificates to the MSRB in a timely manner (but not in excess of ten business days after the occurrence of the event): (1) principal and interest payment delinquencies; (2) non-payment related defaults, if material; (3) unscheduled draws on debt service reserves reflecting financial difficulties; (4) unscheduled draws on credit enhancements reflecting financial difficulties; (5) substitution of credit or liquidity providers, or their failure to perform; (6) adverse tax opinions, the issuance by the Internal Revenue Service of proposed or final determinations of taxability, Notices of Proposed Issue (IRS Form 5701-TEB), or other material notices or determinations with respect to the tax status of the Certificates, or other material events affecting the tax status of the Certificates; (7) modifications to rights of holders of the Certificates, if material; (8) Certificate calls, if material, and tender offers; (9) defeasances; (10) release, substitution, or sale of property securing repayment of the Certificates, if material; (11) rating changes; (12) bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, or similar event of the City, which shall occur as described below; (13) the consummation of a merger, consolidation, or acquisition involving the City or the sale of all or substantially all of its assets, other than in the ordinary course of business, the entry into of a definitive agreement to undertake such an action or the termination of a definitive agreement relating to any such actions, other than pursuant to its terms, if material; (14) appointment of a successor or additional trustee or the change of name of a trustee, if material; and (15) Incurrence of a financial obligation of the City, if material, or agreement to covenants, events of default, remedies, priority rights, or other similar terms of a financial obligation of the City, any of which affect security holders, if material; and (16) Default, event of acceleration, termination event, modification of terms, or other similar events under the terms of a financial obligation of the City, any of which reflect financial difficulties. In addition, the City will provide timely notice of any failure by the City to provide annual financial information in accordance with their agreement described above under “Annual Reports.” Neither the Certificates nor the Ordinance provide for debt service reserves, liquidity enhancement, or credit enhancement. In addition, the City will provide timely notice of any failure by the City to provide annual financial information in accordance with their agreement described above under “Annual Reports.” For the events listed in clause (15) and (16) above, the term “financial obligation” means a: (A) debt obligation; (B) derivative instrument entered into in connection with, or pledged as security or a source of payment for, an existing or planned debt obligation; or (c) a guarantee of either (A) or (B). The term “financial obligation” shall not include municipal securities as to which a final official statement has been provided to the MSRB consistent with the Rule. 45 For these purposes, any event described in clause (12) is considered to occur when any of the following occur: the appointment of a receiver, fiscal agent, or similar officer for the City in a proceeding under the United States Bankruptcy Code or in any other proceeding under state or federal law in which a court or governmental authority has assumed jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or business of the City, or if such jurisdiction has been assumed by leaving the existing governing body and officials or officers in possession but subject to the supervision and orders of a court or governmental authority, or the entry of an order confirming a plan of reorganization, arrangement, or liquidation by a court or governmental authority having supervision or jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or business of the City. The City will provide each notice described in the previous paragraph to the MSRB through EMMA, in accordance with the Rule. 46 LIMITATIONS AND AMENDMENTS . . . The City has agreed to update information and to provide notices of specified events only as described above. The City has not agreed to provide other information that may be relevant or material to a complete presentation of its financial results of operations, condition, or prospects or agreed to update any information that is provided, except as described above. The City makes no representation or warranty concerning such information or concerning its usefulness to a decision to invest in or sell Certificates at any future date. The City disclaims any contractual or tort liability for damages resulting in whole or in part from any breach of its continuing disclosure agreement or from any statement made pursuant to its agreement, although holders of Certificates may seek a writ of mandamus to compel the City to comply with its agreement. The City may amend its continuing disclosure agreement from time to time to adapt to changed circumstances that arise from a change in legal requirements, a change in law, or a change in the identity, nature, status, or type of operations of the City, if (i) the agreement, as amended, would have permitted an underwriter to purchase or sell Certificates in the offering described herein in compliance with the Rule, taking into account any amendments or interpretations of the Rule to the date of such amendment, as well as such changed circumstances, and (ii) either (a) the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Certificates consent to the amendment or (b) any person unaffiliated with the City (such as nationally recognized bond counsel) determines that the amendment will not materially impair the interests of the holders and beneficial owners of the Certificates. If the City so amends the agreement, it has agreed to include with the next financial information and operating data provided in accordance with its agreement described above under “ANNUAL REPORTS” an explanation, in narrative form, of the reasons for the amendment and of the impact of any change in the type of financial information and operating data so provided. COMPLIANCE WITH PRIOR UNDERTAKINGS . . . In connection with prior transactions, the City has entered into undertakings pursuant to which it agreed to provide certain updated financial information and operating data within six months of the end of the City’s fiscal year along with notices of specified material events at required times. In addition, the City previously agreed to provide audited financial statements within six months of the end of the City’s fiscal year if audited financial statements were available by such time. If audited financial statements were not available, the City agreed to provide unaudited financial statements for the applicable fiscal year. During the last five years, the City has not failed to comply in any material respect with any material provisions of the continuing disclosure agreements made by the City in accordance with Rule 15c2-12. OTHER INFORMATION RATINGS The presently outstanding tax supported debt of the City is rated “Aa1” by Moody's and “AA+” by S&P, without regard to credit enhancement. Applications have been made to Moody’s, S& P and Fitch Ratings Services for contract ratings on the Certificates. The ratings reflect only the respective views of such organizations and the City makes no representation as to the appropriateness of the ratings. There is no assurance that such ratings will continue for any given period of time or that they will not be revised downward or withdrawn entirely by either or both of such rating companies, if in the judgment of either or both companies, circumstances so warrant. Any such downward revision or withdrawal of such ratings, or either of them, may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Certificates. LITIGATION The City is a party to legal proceedings, many of which occur in the normal course of operations. It is not possible at the present time to estimate ultimate outcome or liability, if any, of the city with respect to the various proceedings. The City’s management believes that the ultimate outcome of the various lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on the City’s financial position. REGISTRATION AND QUALIFICATION OF CERTIFICATES FOR SALE The sale of the Certificates has not been registered under the federal Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in reliance upon the exemption provided thereunder by Section 3(a)(2); and the Certificates ha ve not been qualified under the Securities Act of Texas in reliance upon various exemptions contained therein; nor have the Certificates been qualified under the securities acts of any jurisdiction. The City assumes no responsibility for qualification of the Certificates under the securities laws of any jurisdiction in which the Certificates may be sold, assigned, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise transferred. This disclaimer of responsibility for qualification for sale or other disposition of the Certificates must not be construed as an interpretation of any kind with regard to the availability of any exemption from securities registration provisions. LEGAL INVESTMENTS AND ELIGIBILITY TO SECURE PUBLIC FUNDS IN TEXAS Section 1201.041 of the Public Security Procedures Act (Chapter 1201, Texas Government Code) provides that the Certificates are negotiable instruments, investment securities governed by Chapter 8, Texas Business and Commerce Code, and are legal and authorized investments for insurance companies, fiduciaries, and trustees, and for the sinking funds of municipalities or other political subdivisions or public agencies of the State of Texas. With respect to investment in the Certificates by municipalities or other political subdivisions or public agencies of the State of Texas, the PFIA requires that the Certificates be assigned a rating of at least “A” or its equivalent as to investment quality by a national rating agency. See “OTHER INFORMATION - Ratings” herein. In addition, various provisions of the Texas Finance Code provide that, subject to a prudent investor standard, the Certificates are legal investments for state banks, savings banks, trust companies with at 47 capital of one million dollars or more, and savings and loan associations. The Certificates are eligible to secure deposits of any public funds of the State, its agencies, and its political subdivisions, and are legal security for those deposits to the extent of their market value. The City has made no investigation of other laws, rules, regulations or investment criteria which might apply to such institutions or entities or which might limit the suitability of the Certificates for any of the foregoing purposes or limit the authority of such institutions or entities to purchase or invest in the Certificates for such purposes. No review by the City has been made of the laws in other states to determine whether the Certificates are legal investments for various institutions in those states. LEGAL OPINIONS The City will furnish to the Initial Purchaser a complete transcript of proceedings had incident to the authorization and issuance of the Certificates, including the unqualified approving legal opinion of the Attorney General of Texas approving the Initial Certificate and to the effect that the Certificates are valid and legally binding obligations of the City, and based upon examination of such transcript of proceedings, the approving legal opinion of Bond Counsel. The customary closing papers, including a certificate to the effect that no litigation of any nature has been filed or is then pending to restrain the issuance and delivery of the Certificates or which would affect the provision made for their payment or security, or in any manner questioning the validity of said Certificates will also be furnished. In its capacity as Bond Counsel, such firm has reviewed the information describing the Certificates in the Notice of Sales and Bidding Instructions, the Official Bid Forms and the Official Statement to verify that such information conforms to the provisions of the Ordinance. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the City by McCall, Parkhurst & Horton, L.L.P., Dallas, Texas, Disclosure Counsel for the City. In connection with the transactions described in the Official Statement, Bond Counsel represents only the City. The legal fee to be paid Bond Counsel for services rendered in connection with the issuance of the Certificates is contingent on the sale and delivery of the Certificates. The legal opinion will accompany the Certificates deposited with DTC or will be printed on the Certificates in the event of the discontinuance of the Book-Entry-Only System. The various legal opinions to be delivered concurrently with the delivery of the Certificates express the professional judgment of the attorneys rendering the opinions as to the legal issues explicitly addressed therein. In rendering a legal opinion the attorney does not become an insurer or guarantor of the expression of professional judgment, of the transaction opined upon, or of the future performance of the parties to the transaction. Nor does the rendering of an opinion guarantee the outcome of any legal dispute that may arise from the transaction. The various legal opinions to be delivered concurrently with the delivery of the Certificates express the professional judgment of the attorneys rendering the opinions as to the legal issues explicitly addressed therein. In rendering a legal opinion, the attorney does not become an insurer or guarantor of that expression of professional judgment, of the transaction opined upon, or of the future performance of the parties to the transaction, nor does the rendering of an opinion guarantee the outcome of any legal dispute that may arise out of the transaction. AUTHENTICITY OF FINANCIAL DATA AND OTHER INFORMATION The financial data and other information contained herein have been obtained from City records, audited financial statements and other sources which are believed to be reliable. There is no guarantee that any of the assumptions or estimates contained herein will be realized. All of the summaries of the statutes, documents and resolutions contained in this Official Statement are made subject to all of the provisions of such statutes, documents and resolutions. These summaries do not purport to be complete statements of such provisions and reference is made to such documents for further information. Reference is made to original documents in all respects. FINANCIAL ADVISOR Hilltop Securities Inc. is employed as Financial Advisor to the City in connection with the issuance of the Certificates. The Financial Advisor's fee for services rendered with respect to the sale of the Certificates is contingent upon the issuance and delivery of the Certificates. Hilltop Securities Inc., in its capacity as Financial Advisor, has relied on the opinions of Bond Counsel and has not verified and does not assume any responsibility for the information, covenants and representations contained in any of the legal documents with respect to the federal income tax status of the Certificates, or the possible impact of any present, pending or future actions taken by any legislative or judicial bodies. The Financial Advisor has reviewed the information in this Official Statement in accordance with, and as part of, its responsibilities to the City and, as applicable, to investors under the federal securities laws as applied to the facts and circumstances of this transaction, but the Financial Advisor does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. CERTIFICATION OF THE OFFICIAL STATEMENT AND NO-LITIGATION CERTIFICATE At the time of payment for and delivery of the Certificates, the Initial Purchaser will be furnished a certificate, executed by the proper City officials, acting in their official capacity, to the effect that to the best of their knowledge and belief: (a) the descriptions and statements of or pertaining to the City contained in its Official Statement and any addenda, supplement or amendment thereto, for its Certificates on the date of such Official Statement, on the date of purchase of said Certificates, and on the date of delivery, were and are true and correct in all material respects; (b) insofar as the City and its affairs, including its financial affairs, are concerned, such Official Statement did not and does not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (c) insofar as the descriptions and statements, including financial data, of, or pertaining to, entities other than the City and their activities contained in such Official Statement are concerned, such statements and data have been obtained from sources which the City believes to be reliable and that the City has no reason to believe that they are untrue in any material respect; (d) there has been no material adverse change in the financial condition of the City since September 30, 2018, the date of the last audited financial statements of the City and (e) except as disclosed herein, no litigation of 48 any nature has been filed or is pending, as of that date, of which the City has notice to restrain or enjoin the issuance, execution or delivery of the Certificates, in any manner questioning the authority or proceedings for the issuance, execution, or delivery of the Certificates; or which would affect the provisions made for their payment or security, or in any manner question the validity of the Certificates. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS The statements contained in this Official Statement, and in any other information provided by the City, that are not purely historical, are forward-looking statements, including statements regarding the City's expectations, hopes, intentions, or strategies regarding the future. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements included in this Official Statement are based on information available to the City on the date hereof, and the City assumes no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. The City's actual results could differ materially from those discussed in such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements included herein are necessarily based on various assumptions and estimates and are inherently subject to various risks and uncertainties, including risks and uncertainties relating to the possible invalidity of the underlying assumptions and estimates and possible changes or developments in social, economic, business, industry, market, legal, and regulatory circumstances and conditions and actions taken or omitted to be taken by third parties, including customers, suppliers, business partners and competitors, and legislative, judicial, and other governmental authorities and officials. Assumptions related to the foregoing involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive, and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond the control of the City. Any of such assumptions could be inaccurate and, therefore, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements included in this Official Statement will prove to be accurate. INITIAL PURCHASER After requesting competitive bids for the Certificates, the City accepted the bid of ______________ (the "Initial Purchaser of the Certificates") to purchase the Certificates at the interest rates shown on the (inside) cover page of the Official Statement at a price of ______(%) of par plus a cash premium of $____________. The Initial Purchaser of the Certificates can give no assurance that any trading market will be developed for the Certificates after their sale by the City to the Initial Purchaser of the Certificates. The City has no control over the price at which the Certificates are subsequently sold and the initial yield at which the Certificates will be priced and reoffered will be established by and will be the responsibility of the Initial Purchaser of the Certificates. MISCELLANEOUS The Ordinance authorizing the issuance of the Certificates will also approve the form and content of this Official Statement, and any addenda or amendment thereto, and authorize its further use in the reoffering of the Certificates by the Initial Purchaser. Mayor City of College Station, Texas ATTEST: City Secretary City of College Station, Texas APPENDIX A GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING THE CITY A - 1 THE CITY The City, located in Brazos County, is situated in the middle of a triangle bounded by Dallas/Fort Worth, Houston, and San Antonio/Austin. Approximately 80% of the Texas population is located within a 200 mile radius of the City. In addition to being a residential community for faculty, students and other personnel of Texas A&M University, the City also serves as a regional manufacturing, retail and health care hub. The City was incorporated in 1938 and has a Council-City Manager form of government with City employees totaling 1,001.50 currently. The City adopted and enforces comprehensive zoning and building restrictions aimed at assuring orderly growth and development. The City’s ordinances require all subdividers, at their own expense and without provision for refund, to install streets and water and wastewater lines in any planned subdivision. These facilities are constructed under the City’s specifications and inspection and when completed are deeded to the City free and clear. All areas within the City are now adequately served with water, wastewater and electric service. Proximity to three of the nation’s largest cities, college-town cultural amenities, low cost of living, varied housing options, warm climate and low crime rate have resulted in significant population growth over the last decade. CITY OWNED FACILITIES The City maintains approximately 543 linear miles of streets within city limits, 99% of which are hard surface. The City has a complete water distribution, wastewater collection and treatment system with 786 miles of wastewater and water lines. The City owns the electrical distribution system with approximately 471 miles of distribution lines and 20 miles of 138kv transmission lines. The City has a fully equipped police department with 144 full time police officers and 76 support personnel. The department has 70 police patrol cars and one holding facility with a capacity of 17. The fire department consists of 152 full time fire fighters and 8 support personnel. There are six stations and a total of 8 engines, 6 ambulances, 2 command vehicles, 1 rescue truck, 2 ladder trucks, 1 tanker truck, and 1 grass fire truck. EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES The College Station Independent School District (the “School District”) is a fully accredited system offering 18 educational campuses for pre-kindergarten through high school. The School District has a student enrollment in excess of 13,500 and employs close to 1,700 people. On November 3, 2015 the voters passed a bond proposition for the School District that includes the construction of additional facilities. The bonds would fund a tenth elementary school in the 2018-2019 school year. The School District’s facilities are also used by Blinn College, a community college offering two years of college level courses. College Station is home to Texas A&M University which provides higher education, offering both four year college programs and graduate degree programs to approximately 66,000 enrolled students. HEALTH CARE College Station Medical Center, affectionately called ‘The Med’, is a 200,000 square foot community healthcare provider located on 25 acres within the city limits of College Station. The Med is a 167-bed facility and is a licensed Level III Trauma unit. College Station Medical Center is the only hospital in the Brazos Valley Region to receive national certification in joint replacement from the Joint Commission. They are also an accredited Chest Pain Center, a certified Primary Stroke Center and the region’s first accredited Sleep Center. The over 650 healthcare professionals work every day to be a place of healing, caring and connection for patients and families in the community. Rock Prairie Behavioral Health is a 72-bed state-of-the-art psychiatric hospital built specifically with patients’ needs in mind and is dedicated to providing quality behavioral health care to promote growth and recovery for patients and families throughout the state of Texas. The acute psychiatric hospital treats adolescents, adults, and seniors in both inpatient and outpatient settings. The treatment facility is located in the heart of the Brazos Valley, conveniently located in College Station. Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – College Station is a 403,000 square foot, five story, 143-bed hospital located on a 98 acre campus near the intersection of Texas Highway 6 and Rock Prairie Road within the City of College Station. Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – College Station is a nationally accredited Chest pain Center as well as a Level III Trauma Center. Scott & White Clinic – Rock Prairie, a four-story medical office building, is also located on the campus adjacent to the hospital. Baylor Scott and White Medical Center - College Station houses an emergency department, cardiac services including cath labs, neonatal intensive care unit, comprehensive cancer services, operating rooms, maternity services suites, endoscopic procedure suites, intra operative robotics and other specialty services, all supported by a pharmacy, comprehensive state-of-the-art imaging technology and other diagnostic capabilities. Other area health care providers include: St. Joseph Regional Health Care Center, Baylor Scott and White Clinic, and The Physicians Centre. A - 2 Medical District The City recently amended its Comprehensive Plan to include the College Station Medical District Master Plan. The Master Plan establishes guiding principles for the development of approximately 1,700 acres in south College Station to accommodate medical facilities, walkable village centers, commercial space, and a variety of residential unit types, all in close proximity to parks, open space, and trails. To ensure the long-term success of the District, the City has created a Tax Increment Reinvestment Zones to help fund the necessary infrastructure. The City activated a Municipal Management District along the relatively undeveloped east side of State Highway 6 to be used as a tool for development of these areas as well. TRANSPORTATION U.S. Highway 190/State Highway 21 links the City to Interstate 45 which is located approximately 35 miles to the east. State Highway 21 via U.S. Highway 290 also links the City to Austin, located approximately 110 miles to the west. State Highway 6 links the City to Waco (100 miles) and Interstate 35 to the north and Houston (90 miles) to the south. Also, State Highway 30 links the City to Huntsville (45 miles) and Interstate 45 to the east. Airlines Commercial, corporate and private airport facilities are provided by Easterwood Airport, which is located on the City’s west side and is owned and operated by Texas A&M University. American Eagle Airlines provides daily flights to and from Dallas-Fort Worth Airport out of Easterwood. United Airlines provides daily flights to and from Houston Bush Intercontinental Airport out of Easterwood. This airport recently completed a $15 million renovation to the terminal. Coulter Field is located north of the City of Bryan and provides a 4,000 foot lighted runway. Coulter Field offers all types of services for the private aircraft. Bus Lines Two bus lines serve the City with daily service connecting the City with Houston and Dallas. Railroads Rail freight service is provided by the Union Pacific Railroad. Union Pacific Railroad operates a main freight line from Houston through Bryan-College Station to Dallas-Fort Worth and beyond. RECREATION The College Station park system presently includes 58 parks encompassing 1448 acres, including a 515 acre wilderness park, and a 150- acre regional athletic park. Collectively, these parks contain 63 playgrounds, 33 soccer fields, 26 basketball courts, 43 softball/baseball backstops, 14 tennis courts, 3 swimming pools, a spray park, a skate park, a gymnasium, an outdoor amphitheater with a green room and plaza area, 1 festival site and a number of picnic shelters and 8 picnic pavilions. The Parks and Recreation Department sponsors a variety of organized athletic and aquatic programs as well as many special events throughout the year. POPULATION (1) U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey ECONOMIC BACKGROUND Texas A&M University and System Texas A&M opened its doors in 1876 as the state’s first public institution of higher learning. Located in College Station, Texas (about 90 miles northwest of Houston and within a two to three-hour drive from Austin and Dallas), Texas A&M’s main campus is home to over 66,000 students, with more than 469,000 former students worldwide. As one of only 62 members of the prestigious Association of American Universities (AAU), an association of leading public and private research universities in the United States and Canada, Texas A&M boasts some of the top programs in academic research and scholarship. Texas A&M and the Texas A&M University System employ more than 27,000 full and part-time personnel. Texas A&M is one of only 17 institutions in the nation to hold the triple designation as a land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant university. In May 2016, the Chancellor of The Texas A&M University System unveiled plans to invest $150 million to create a new research and development campus to help companies move ideas from the laboratory to the marketplace while also offering a new path toward a college degree. The facility, to be located at a revamped and renamed Riverside Campus in Brazos County, initially will include a 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 City of College Station 17,676 37,272 52,456 67,890 93,857 Brazos County 57,978 93,588 121,862 152,415 194,851 Official U.S. Census (1) A - 3 cluster of seven new buildings and test beds to encourage the private sector to develop secure research facilities adjacent to the System’s site. The facility, named the RELLIS Campus will focus on robotics, driverless and connected vehicles, advanced manufacturing, large- scale testing as well as smart power grids and water systems. George Bush Presidential Library and Museum The City is the site of the George Bush Presidential Library and Museum, located on the campus of Texas A&M University. Texas A&M provides programs and facilities such as research and instructional programs related to the library and museum, a conference center, communications center, educational museum/library center, and family-oriented facilities such as a park surrounding the presidential library and museum. The Presidential Library and Museum is also part of the George Bush Presidential Library Center which is home to the prestigious Bush School of Government and Public Service. Century Square The City continues to experience a sustained period of growth. The growth has resulted in continued retail development, especially in the Tower Point and Caprock developments in the southern part of the City with new restaurants and other businesses opening and others under construction to serve the ever growing residential populations in that area of the City. However, that growth has expanded to the north side of College Station where mixed-used facilities and additional hotels near the Texas A&M campus are under construction. One such development is Century Square. This 60-acre development creates a dynamic community center where people congregate from across the region to experience a walkable, urban destination. The project features premier retail and restaurant establishments, entertainment venues, 60,000 SF of Class-A office, two full-service hotels: The George and Cavalry Court, luxury apartment homes: 100 Park, and an activated central gathering space. Athletics Athletics is an integral part of College Station. Texas A&M University, along with the City, hosts a multitude of athletic events. Texas A&M University is the home of Kyle Field, Reed Arena, Olsen Field at Bluebell Park, Aggie Softball Complex, George P. Mitchell Tennis Center and Gilliam Indoor Track Stadium. Several of Texas A&M teams have won both conference and national titles over the past five years with every university varsity level team competing in post-season play for the 2015-2016 season. This has positioned the University to host regional payoffs as well as national championship games. Texas A&M’s move to the Southeastern Conference (SEC) in 2012 has proved positive for the City. For the Texas A&M’s football team ranked sixth in the nation in average attendance for the 2018 season with average attendance of 99,844 for home games, according to figures released by the NCAA. The City’s sport complexes as well as the ease to get around makes College Station attractive to several organizations. Over the past several years, the Amateur Softball Association and the Texas Amateur Athletic Federation have chosen College Station to host state tournaments and events. In addition, the City facilitates two major softball tournaments, a soccer tournament, a 7 on 7 flag football tournament and baseball tournaments throughout the year. The City plans to add 2 additional synthetic athletic fields at Veterans Park and Athletic Complex. This is anticipated to allow additional tournaments to be held in this area. (Remainder of page intentionally left blank) A - 4 MAJOR AREA EMPLOYERS Source: Research Valley Partnership Employment is provided by a variety of high growth industries located in, or adjacent to, the City which include ambulatory health care services; professional, scientific, and technical services; specialty trade contractors; food manufacturing; administrative and support services as identified in the Local Employment Dynamics data. Additionally College Station is also home to the 350 acre Research Park, located on the Texas A&M University campus, which houses 30 public-private tenants including the Research Valley Partnership, Schlumberger, Texas A&M Transportation Institute, and Offshore Technology Research Center. The City also developed the 200-acre, Class “A” Business Center at College Station (BCCS), tenants of which include Reynolds and Reynolds Cognizant Technology Solution, Suddenlink Media, Stata Corporation, Heat Transfer Research, Inc. (HTRI), and the Texas A&M University System. In addition, the City has worked to develop a new Science Park at Research Valley, which currently houses Lynntech, Inc. and RBC Technologies. LABOR STATISTICS College Station Brazos County Source: Texas Workforce Commission. (1) Average as of January 2019. Number of Firm Name Product Employees Texas A&M University and System Education/Research 27,000+ Bryan ISD Education 2000+ College Station ISD Education 2000+ Texas A&M Health Science Center Education 2000+ Reynolds & Reynolds Computer Hardware and Software 1800+ Blinn College - Bryan Campus Education 1000+ Sanderson Farms, Inc. Poultry Processing 1000+ CHI St. Joseph's Regional Hospital Health Service 1000+ Wal-Mart/Sam's Retail 1000+ HEB Grocery Retail 1000+ City of College Station Government 1000+ Brazos County Government 500-999 City of Bryan Government 500-999 College Station Medical Center Health Service 500-999 Ply Gem Windows Manufacturing 500-999 Baylor Scott & White Health Service 500-999 Labor Total Force Employment Unemployment Rate 2015 54,870 53,132 1,738 3.2% 2016 57,047 55,110 1,937 3.4% 2017 58,104 56,319 1,785 3.1% 2018 60,034 58,319 1,715 2.9% 2019 (1)60,274 58,386 1,888 3.1% Year Labor Total Force Employment Unemployment Rate 2015 13,095,837 12,513,692 582,145 4.4% 2016 13,347,311 12,731,137 616,174 4.6% 2017 13,589,208 13,002,828 586,380 4.3% 2018 13,848,080 13,314,203 533,877 3.9% 2019 13,987,561 13,397,655 589,906 4.2% Year A - 5 BUILDING PERMITS College Station has grown rapidly over the past 30 years as evidenced by an increase in population from 37,272 in 1980 to 93,857 in 2010. As of 2018, the estimated population of College Station was 117,841. The following table sets forth the number and value of construction permits issued by the City over the past several years. Source: The City. (1) Reflects January through December 2018. COUNTY CHARACTERISTICS Brazos County was created in 1841 from Robertson and Washington Counties. The economy is diversified primarily by agribusiness, computer manufacturing, research and development, and education. The Texas Almanac designates cattle, hogs, sorghums, corn, cotton, wheat, oats and pecans as the principal sources of agricultural income. The County had a 2010 population of 194,851, an increase of 27.8% since 2000. Minerals produced in the County include sand and gravel, lignite, gas and oil. [Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank] Residential Construction Commercial Construction Total Number Number Number of Permits Value of Permits Value of Permits Value 2014 1,167 211,909,494 $ 338 67,570,229 $ 1,505 279,479,723 $ 2015 1,687 206,336,883 294 78,209,095 1,981 284,545,978 2016 1,802 325,247,597 424 207,892,402 2,226 533,139,999 2017 1,190 257,998,990 208 170,405,189 1,398 428,404,179 2018 1,953 177,627,344 461 103,143,722 2,414 280,771,066 (1) Calendar Year APPENDIX B EXCERPTS FROM THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT For the Year Ended September 30, 2018 The information contained in this Appendix consists of excerpts from the City of College Station, Texas Annual Financial Report for the Year Ended September 30, 2018, and is not intended to be a complete statement of the City's financial condition. Reference is made to the complete Report for further information. APPENDIX C FORM OF OPINION OF BOND COUNSEL City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0209 Name:Huntington Change In Use Resolution Status:Type:Resolution Agenda Ready File created:In control:4/12/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Public Hearing, presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution of the City Council, authorizing the establishment of Public Utility Easements for the Huntington Sanitary Sewer Trunk Line Project within 2.079 acre and 0.079 acre portions of College Station greenways located generally east of Lakeway Drive and north of William D. Fitch Parkway, plus the City Council determination that the use of greenway property is allowable and that no other feasible or prudent alternative exists for the Public Utility Easements for the project, and that all reasonable planning measures have been taken to minimize the harm to such greenways. Sponsors:Erika Bridges Indexes: Code sections: Attachments:Change in Use Resolution Exhibit A - Metes & Bounds and Exhibits Map - Huntington Sewer Trunk Line Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Public Hearing, presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding a resolution of the City Council, authorizing the establishment of Public Utility Easements for the Huntington Sanitary Sewer Trunk Line Project within 2.079 acre and 0.079 acre portions of College Station greenways located generally east of Lakeway Drive and north of William D. Fitch Parkway, plus the City Council determination that the use of greenway property is allowable and that no other feasible or prudent alternative exists for the Public Utility Easements for the project, and that all reasonable planning measures have been taken to minimize the harm to such greenways. Relationship to Strategic Goals: ·Core Services and Infrastructure ·Diverse Growing Economy Recommendation: Staff recommends approval of the resolution. Summary: Approval of this item will establish public utility easements within 2.079 acre and 0.079 acre portions of College Station greenways located generally east of Lakeway Drive and north of William D. Fitch Parkway. Public Utility Easements are being proposed along the perimeter of City-owned greenways property and will allow for development of the Huntington Sanitary Sewer Trunk Line Project as well as existing and future utilities. A map, survey plats, and legal descriptions illustrating the easements are attached. It is anticipated that the granting of the easements will not have any potential negative impact to the greenways or its operations. College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 2 powered by Legistar™ File #:19-0209,Version:1 Utilization of parkland and greenways for easements is considered a use or taking of protected land in the Texas Parks and Wildlife Code. Chapter 26.001: PROTECTED LAND; NOTICE OF TAKING (a) states: “A department, agency, political subdivision, county, or municipality of this state may not approve any program or project that requires the use or taking of any public land designated and used prior to the arrangement of the program or project as a park, recreation area, scientific area, wildlife refuge, or historic site, unless the department, agency, political subdivision, county, or municipality, acting through its duly authorized governing body or officer determines that: (1)there is no feasible and prudent alternative to the use or taking of such land; and (2)the program or project includes all reasonable planning to minimize harm to the land, as a park, recreation area, scientific area, wildlife refuge, or historic site, resulting from the use or taking.” Texas Parks and Wildlife Code Chapter 26.002: Notice of Hearing sets out the requirements for notification of the public hearing required in these situations. To comply with this requirement, announcements of today’s Public Hearing on this topic were posted in the Bryan/College Station Eagle on April 15, April 22, April 29, and May 6. Reviewed and Approved by Legal: Yes Budget & Financial Summary: N/A Attachments: 1.Resolution with Exhibit “A” 2.Change In Use Map College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 2 of 2 powered by Legistar™ RESOLUTION NO. ____________ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS, AUTHORIZING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PUBLIC UTILITY EASEMENTS WITHIN A 2.079 ACRE AND A 0.079 ACRE PORTION OF COLLEGE STATION GREENWAYS. WHEREAS, the Texas Parks and Wildlife Code Chapter 26.001: PROTECTED LAND; NOTICE OF TAKING et. seq. establishes the requirements for the use or taking of land currently designated and used as a park, recreation area, scientific area, wildlife refuge, or historic site; and WHEREAS, the City of College Station wishes to install and maintain wastewater lines and other utilities, and provide access to public utilities for the Huntington Sanitary Sewer Trunk Line project within a College Station greenways section located generally east Lakeway Drive and north of William D. Fitch Parkway; and WHEREAS, in compliance with statutory requirements recited above, notice and a public hearing were held where all interested persons present who were entitled to speak did so speak; now, therefore, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS: PART 1: That the facts and recitations set forth in the preamble of this resolution are hereby declared true and correct. PART 2: That the City Council of the City of College Station, Texas, hereby determines there is no feasible and prudent alternative to the use of the 2.079 acre and 0.079 acre College Station greenways sections generally located east of Lakeway Drive and north of William D. Fitch Parkway for the installation of wastewater lines and access to public utilities as set forth in Exhibit “A” attached hereto. PART 3: That the City Council of College Station, Texas, hereby determines that the use of the greenway as described in this resolution includes all reasonable planning to minimize harm to the greenways. PART 4: That, based upon the above, the City Council of the City of College Station, Texas, hereby approves the use of a portion of the said 2.079 acre and 0.079 acre College Station greenways sections for the establishment of Public Utility Easements as set forth herein. PART 5: That this Resolution shall take effect immediately from and after its passage. ADOPTED this _______ day of ________________________, 2019. ATTEST: APPROVED: ______________________________ _________________________________ City Secretary MAYOR APPROVED: _______________________________ City Attorney City Hall 1101 Texas Ave College Station, TX 77840 College Station, TX Legislation Details (With Text) File #: Version:119-0210 Name:Parks Board Appointment Status:Type:Appointment Agenda Ready File created:In control:4/15/2019 City Council Regular On agenda:Final action:5/13/2019 Title:Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding an appointment to the Parks and Recreation Board. Sponsors:Tanya Smith Indexes: Code sections: Attachments: Action ByDate Action ResultVer. Presentation, discussion, and possible action regarding an appointment to the Parks and Recreation Board. Relationship to Strategic Goals: ·Good Governance Recommendation(s): None Summary: Rhys Blavier had tendered his resignation from this committee. Mr. Blavier's resignation was effective as of May 15 2019. The position is an unexpired, and the appointment needs to be made for the unexpired term, January 2020. Advertisement for the position has been ongoing until postion was filled. Budget & Financial Summary: None Attachments: None College Station, TX Printed on 5/9/2019Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™