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HomeMy WebLinkAboutLocal Players Manual IRIS 1971 JU LY, 1971 OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE „„„,„„„„„„„„„,1„„„„,„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„.. R E 61014 5 mottulimummitimommimummittiolimmonwitutimmommimmumummiumminimommultimumg 1 0 1 1 3 CIVIL DEFENSE EXERCISE 1971 3 INTRODUCTION Civil Defense Exercise 1971 (CDEX -71) is a major exercise scheduled for November 1 -5, 1971. Basic information concerning this exer- cise is contained in the OCD Region Five Civil Defense Exercise 1971 Operation Plan (R5 CDEX 71 OPLAN). As is the case of all Civil Defense exercises, CDEX -11 is nei„th4p based upon nor re,�fZects expectations c nng the probability source, character, , eff ectiveness, or duration of a nuclear att k on the United States, Every aspect of CDEX -71 (inclu ing the simulated international situation, the simulated attack, and all related exercise events) has been designed to facilitate attainment of the objectives of the exercise, and are neither related to nor based upon any classified intelligence information. The purpose of this manual is to provide exercise guidance to local governments participating in CDEX -71. Specifically, this manual describes the exercise materials that will be provided to local governments and instructions on how the exercise is to be played. CDEX -71 has been designed to meet the exercise needs of the local governments participating in the exercise, Some of the characteristics of the exercise that should appeal to local governments participating are that CDEX -71: v G will last only 5 days (with only a few hours of active participation). will be conducted during duty hours only. 0 will provide for active participation by all participating personnel (namely those with emergency assignments in the Operations Room of the EOC). will emphasize the exercising of local emergency oper- ations plans and decision making. provides that every local government will receive sufficient exercise weapons effects, but that none will be "destroyed ", and eliminated from participation. allows for flexibility in conduct to accommodate unique local requirements. I. Objectives The broad objectives of CDEX -71 are for emergency operations staffs *: in 0 2 A/ A. To exercise Emergency Operations Plans • J B. To identify, analyze and resolve major problems associated with a nuclear attack. * The success of CDEX -71 is directly dependent upon the active participation of those for whom the exercise was designed. This includes the chief executive, the chiefs of emergency services, and others with emergency assignments in the Operations Room of the EOC. (See Part VII, "Local Staffing"). It is especially important that they actively participate in the Attack and Transattack Period on the morning of Thursday, 4 November. II. Schedule Increased Readiness - * 1 -2 -3 November 1971 Attack - 4 November 1971 .c :ecove - *Each local government, as discussed later, may schedule their participation during these phases at their own convenience. I. Objectives and Conduct of Exercise Activity A. Increased Readiness - 1 -2 -3 November 1971 1. Objectives of this phase are to exercise plans and decision making in a simulated period of increased readiness. 20 Conduct. Local governments will simulate taking appropriate increased readiness actions as described in the Local Emergency Operations Plan and the Federal Civil Defense Guide, Part G, Chapter 5, and appendices. The Increased Readiness Information System (IRIS) will be exercised during this phase. Exercise play may be scheduled for anytime during each day at the convenience of the local government. Those local governments who are "selected IRIS participants" should schedule their participation early enough that IRIS reports can be submitted early each afternoon. B. Attack - 4 November 1971; (9:00 - 12 :00 AM CST) (8:00 - 11:00 AM MST) 1. Objectives of this phase are to exercise Local Emergency Operations Plans and decision making in a simulated period of warning and nuclear attack. 3 1 2. Conduct, This will be the most intensive part of the entire exercise. Those who are familiar with the EOS (Emergency Operations Simulation) will see a marked similarity between the Attack phase of CDEX -71 and the EOS. Local governments will be provided problems to analyze and solve. Participants in this phase should include the emergency staff of the EOC (see Local Staffing, Part VII), This phase will be an operational exercise, with exercise activity at the local level confined to the EOC (with the exception of operational reporting). All local participation during this phase will occur during the three -hour period of 9:00 - 12:00 CST (8:00 - 11:00 MST). Optional scheduling is not possible during this phase because of the active play with ether exercise participants. C, Attack /Recovery - 5 November 1971 1. Objectives this phase are fo •cal governments to identify an• e prom s with which they would be confronted at 14 4,. after a nuclear attack. 2. Conduct. al governments that ..se to participate in thi. . ase may schedule their activi :t their o - convenience° There will be no active pia . (exchange of reports, messages, etc.) with participants at other levels. IV. Exercise Materials - Local Exercise Scenario Each local government participating in CDEX -71 will be provided a Local Exercise Scenario which has been developed specifically for that particular local government, This scenario is a package of exercise messages which include simulated ✓ - news releases ✓ - exercise wind patterns • - weapons effects reports ✓ - operational problems 1 The Local Exercise Scenario will serve as the primary basis for local government participation in the exercise. Additionally, local government play will be stimulated by "live" messages from other exercise participants (such as CHECKERBOARD over NAWAS, IRIS summaries from State CD, and Operational Reports from State CD). 4 - V. Messages (contained in the Local Exercise Scenario package) A. Format In an actual emergency, messages come into the EOC by telephone, teletype, radio, etc. The messages that have been developed for use in CDEX -71, however, have been written to be pre - positioned with local government prior to the exercise. A sample message which shows the format is illustrated in Attachment No. 1. Each message will be on an 8 "x10 -1/2" piece of paper with the message, or problem, on the top half of the page. The lower half of the page is to be used to indicate what action was taken (or simulated) in response to the message. Local governments that have developed their own standardized message forms for use in their EOC may transfer the messages (in the Local Exercise Scenario) to their own forms if desired. (Note: Some of the pre- positioned messages will include code numbers in the upper right corner or in small boxes, such as those shown in the Attachment No. 2. These numbers were used as an aid in designing the exercise, and are not related to the / play of the exercise.) B. Procedures for Using the Local Exercise Scenario 4 The messages in the LES package will be in proper time ¢ sequence, with the earliest message first. Each message ft should be "received" (put into the exercise, or revealed to the players in the EOC) at the time indicated at the top of the message. The message should then be assigned to the appropriate department (and recorded on the form by checking the appropriate box). Although several departments may be involved, each message should be "assigned to only one department. (Some messages may be general in nature and may not require action.) ✓ The message should be evaluated to determine if it is of such significance that it should be displayed (on maps, if`l charts, bulletin boards, etc.) for everyone in the EOC. If so, the block, "display ", should be checked and the information displayed. The assigned department then should decide on what action to take, and record this on the form, along with an indication of which department(s) the action was coordinated with. The recording of "Action" should be done during the exercise as decisions are made The messages are work forms, so they can be completed in longhand with pen or pencil 5 -t. Some "actions" taken during the exercise will be based directly on specific problems, such as illustrated in Attachment No. 1. Other actions, however, may be initi- ated by players on the basis of the general nature of the exercise. "Actions" of this type should also be recorded. Forms will be provided for this purpose. After the exer- cise the completed forms should be included in the Fjjj. Re•ort which is sent to the State Civil Defense Office. l � See Part ' V, 'eports C. Weapons Effect Messages Local governments receiving weapons effects in the exercise will have messages in the Local Exercise Scenario describing these effects (such as radiation dose rates, doses, extent of fires and blast damage). Attachment No 2 is a sample of the radiation report that will be used. These messages will be for specific point locations, rather than for a large geographical area The weapons effects messages in the Local Exercise Scenario are intended to provide you with intelligence upon which you can assess the situation and make operational de- cisions. These messages are written as if they had been received in the local EOC from monitoring stations (or weapons effects reporting stations). Since the Regional exercise planners did not know the actual locations of monitoring stations, it was necessary for them to assume for exercise purposes that there were monitoring stations in certain locations. Therefore, for exercise purposes only, you will "receive" (from your Local Exercise Scenario) messages from five mythical (or simulated) monitoring stations. These five points include "Your Location" (which is your EOC) plus points approximately ten miles North, East, South, / and West of "Your Location V D. Validity of messages Some messages in the Local Exercise Scenario may not be valid. In order to describe the extent of direct weapons effects (blast and fire), messages have been written as if each of the five point locations ( "Your Location ", 10 miles North, East, South, West) had buildings and people, when in fact some of these points may be undeveloped and unpop- ulated. (It is easier, and more realistic, to describe what direct weapons effects would be on people and buildings, rather than to describe them in terms of pounds- per - square inch overpressure, or calories per square centimeter.) The results will be that you could receive a message from a certain location saying, "The area has fires in one of every five structures . . when, in fact there are few,or no structures in that area 6 EOC personnel working with weapons effects messages should be made aware of this prior to the exercise. They should assume that if there were buildings and people, the message describes what the weapons effects would be on them. Other messages in the Local Exercise Scenario may not be valid because of "actions" taken before the message is / received. For example, EOC personnel may anticipate a V certain problem, and take action to prevent it. me sales are not considered v'•1 `d exer se sla 'e Hay ,.✓ (1) modify he problem to make it valid, or '2) ignore the problem (if it is totally invalid and cannot be modified)° E. Other problems The problems that are included in the Local Exercise Scenario are not intended to represent all problems or messages that would occur. Many problems would be resolved by personnel at lower levels (such as field personnel and dispatchers) and would not come into the operations room of the EOC. For purposes of the exercise, you can assume that there are many other problems, but that they are being resolved by personnel outside the EOC. °I. Wall Displays Many messages in the Local Exercise Scenario, and those received from State CD, as well as "actions" taken in the EOC, will be of "operational significance to all participants in the local EOC. Experience in previous exercises and in actual emergency operations indicates that large wall displays (such as maps, logs, boards, etc.) can assist emergency staffs to make rapid and accurate analyses and decisions: It is recommended - that in preparation for CDEX -71 you review the Federal CD Guide, Part E, Chapter 2, Appendix 4, "EOC Operations, Organization, and Staffing for Municipalities and Counties with Less Than f 300,000 Population Annex 4 (page 39), "Wall Displays Recom- mended for Primary EOC Operations Rooms" provides guidance, including illustrated examples of wall displays, ,VII. Local Staffing si The determination as to which personnel in each local govern- ment are to participate in each phase of CDEX -71 will be made by the local government. Maximum participation by those with emergency assignments in the EOC is encouraged. The Local Exercise Scenario will include a number of operational problems in each of the following categories: 4 air,- > --;iL 7 • Direction and Control v ' Law Enforcement • Fire 2 Medical �' . ' Shelter • Resources i VIII. Simulation vs Realism A certain amount of simulation will be necessary in the conduct of CDEX -71. With the exception of reports to and from other participants (principally the State CD Office), exercise participation will be confined to the EOC. For example, the actual sounding of the Attack Warning signal on warning de- 4 ( vices cannot be done, the Emergency Broadcast System (EBS) will not actually be used, and "field force" resources (such as fire, police, public works, etc.) will not actually be used. These actions must be simulated. Care must be taken not to over - simulate, however. Actual operational capabilities should be simulated where it is desirable to do so. Operational capabil- ities that dc not exist should not be simulated° For example, sounding of Attack Warning on outside warning devices should be simulated. However, it should not be simulated (or assumed) that a certain percentage of the public has been warned unless the actual operational capability exists for warning that per- centage of the public. This principle of "realism" should be used in all exercise simulation. IX. Warning 44 The warning circuit of the National Warning System (NAWAS) will be used during this exercise. (Participating local e0 1, governments that do not have a Warning Point should make the 7 necessary arrangements for receiving the warning message.) Prior to the dissemination of CHECKERBOARD (the exercise term for ATTACK WARNING) over the warning circuit of NAWAS, an appropriate announcement about the exercise will be made by the National Two Warning Center (Denton, Texas) to all Warning Points, including notice that the warning circuit will be used X. J Weather Certain exercise winds have been used in developing attack effects for the exercise. These same winds will be used as a basis for making fallout forecasts. Wind data, in the standard format, will be provided to exercise players in the Local Exercise Scenario. Actual weather of the time (other ,) , 01 iet'd -., 8 than the winds; i.e., rain, snow, etc.) should be played° XI° Message Format All exercise messages, written or spoken, will include the words, "EXERCISE CDEX - ?1 ", at the beginning and end of the text. XII. Publicity Ao OCD Region Five will actively publicize CDEX -71 with the news media, Emphasis will be placed on the routine, periodic nature of civil defense exercises designed for the exercising of emergency operations plans° B. State and local governments will decide, respectively, on the issuance of news releases about their participation in the exercise, C. OCD Region Five will prepare and provide to State and local governments sample public information news releases that may be used (on an optional basis) to publicize their participation in CDEX -710 XITI0 Critique It is recommended that you conduct a critique of your oper- J! 1y ation as soon as possible after CDEX -71 in order to discuss �'" problems and corrective action to be taken as a follow -up. V The critique should be led by the senior local official participating in the exercise (or as an alternate, the Civil Defense Coordinator). The critique should cover the operational effectiveness of emergency plans, annexes, standing operating procedures, concept of EOC operations, etc., rather than a critique of individual performance° Major problems should be identified and corrective action decided upon. A recorder should make a written record of major points in the critique° J XIV. Reports A, Operational Reports Operational Reports will be submitted during the exercise in accordance with State and local emergency operations plans and other guidance which may be provided by the State Civil Defense Office B, Local Government Increased Readiness Information System (IRIS) Reports During CDEX -71, IRIS reports should be submitted (by IRIS participants, only) early each afternoon (1 -2 -3 Nov) 9 rather than at the usually prescribed time. The purpose of this exception is to prevent "overtime" by State and Regional players. C. Final Report A Final Evaluation Report - CDEX -71 will be submitted by each participating local government to the State CD Director by 15 November 1971. Completed exercise messages (as discussed in Part V, B) should be included in this report. A detailed format for the report may be provided by the State CD Director. As a minimum, the Final Evaluation Report should include the information shown in Attachment 3. # # # # Attachment 1 EXERCISE CDEX -71 2 Nov 71 A major accident has occurred at a busy intersection. A truck and three cars were involved. There are two people dead and five injured. The truck, which was transporting radioactive materials, is on fire. Assigned to: ❑ Command and Control ❑ Resources (specify) ❑ Law Enforcement ❑ Fire [] Other (specify) ❑ Medical ❑ Shelter Display: ❑ Action (describe): Coordinated with: ❑ Command and Control ❑ Resources (specify) ❑ Law Enforcement ❑ Fire ❑ Other (specify) ❑ Medical ❑ Shelter EXERCISE CDEX -71 • 5- 24- 25-26-27 Attachment 2 EXERCISE CDEX -71 4 Nov 71 CST MST The monitoring station at: a_ 10 miles North I 10 miles I Your I 10 miles West Location East I 10 miles South reports an unsheltered dose rate of: r /hour; (total unprotected dose: r) J1 0.5 r /hour and increasing ® 0.5 r /hour and decreasing M 50 r /hour r /hour (peak) Assigned to: ❑ Command and Control ❑ Resources (specify) ❑ Law Enforcement — .- _ - - - -_ El Fire Fire ❑ Medical ❑ Other (specify) ❑ Shelter — Display: ❑ Action (describe) : Coordinated with: ❑ Command and Control ❑ Resources (specify) 0 Law Enforcement _ 0 Fire ❑ Other ,(specify) Medical ❑ Shelter EXERCISE CDEX -71 Attachment 3 FINAL EVALUATION REPORT - CDEX -71 1 -5 November 1971 Name of local government IT. Type of Exercise (operational, seminar) A. IR Phase: B. Attack Phase: C. Post- Attack Phase: III. Participants (by title): IV. Location (EOC, etc.) where Exercise conducted: V. Major operational problems: A. Itentification: B. Progress made in solving: C. Future corrective action planned: VI. Major Exercise Problems: A. Identification of any problems with the design of the exercised B. Evaluation of the efornfuture conduct exercises�he exercise and recommendations VII. Definition of accomplishments (including any increase in readiness resulting from the exercise): VIII. Other comments, evaluations, recommendations: Attachments: Completed messages from the Local Exercise Scenario