HomeMy WebLinkAboutSeth Groce, Brazos Valley HeroesBy Bill Youngkin
Special to The Eagle
First of Two Parts
The significance of a single soldier's action in battle
is seldom if ever known by the individual soldier himself.
Most will say they were doing the job they were trained
to do, but the result and significance of doing their job
remains forthe most part unknown to them. The exception
to this was Sgt. Seth Groce of Caldwell, a member of the
36th Infantry Division and what will always be known as
the "Texas Division." n occurred at a place called Salerno,
Italy.
Seth S. Groce's story began in the Volney Community
of Burleson County on January 21, 1920. As related by
Groce, "I was born on a farm and finished the ninth grade
at Volney School, which was as far as you could go at
Volney School. After school, I went to work on the farm
and had various jobs in Caldwell. In 1940 I was working
in a gas station in Caldwell when I was asked to join the
Texas National Guard. I signed up thinking this would be
an easy way to earn some additional money.
"In October of 1940 I was sent, along with a fot of
other boys from Caldwell, to Camp Bowie at Brownwootl,
Texas for basic training. In November of 1940 we were
mobilized into the regular army. I was now part of E
Company,143rd Infantry Regiment, 36th Infantry Division,
the Texas Division. We trained at various sites across the
south and east coast, ending at Ft. Dix, New Jersey. On
April 1, 1942, we boarded ship and headed for North
Africa. We landed at Casablanca on April 13, 1942. The
fighting in North Africa was over by then.
"We began to train in Oran for a beach landing, and
during thattime my commander decided to promote me to
sergeant and assigned me to our cannon company. I was
placed in charge of three 75-mmself-propelled guns, and
I had to assemble the crews to operate them. I had never
been involved with these type of weapons or been trained
on how to effectively utilize them. My commanding officer
told me to learn and team quick.
"In August we were loaded aboard a LST and
on September 9, 1943, we landed on the beaches of
Salerno, ttaly. The action on the beach was hot and heavy
as we headed to shore. We all wondered about how we
would react in combat. And now we were going to find
out
my
ino
trac
possible German tank counterattack heading toward our
beach head. The only thing we could send was my half-
track. Weheaded up aroad and got behind a rock building
next to the road. On the other side of the road was a rock
fence. I was looking for signs of German tanks through my
binoculars when a shell hit and went through the fence
next to us. I saw where it came from, so we backed out
onto the road so we could return fire and started firing."
Groce and his crew did not know that their single 75-
mm haft-track was facing an opposing force of 13 German
tanks. An excerpt from the Associated Press account in
the New York Times of that encounter is as follows: "A
gun crew composed of a young Texas lieutenant and four
enlisted men shot it out with 13 German tanks on the day
the Fifth Army came ashore in Italy, and they probably
saved the whole American beach head from being cut
to pieces. Lieutenant John Witaker, 18 years old, of Fort
Worth, Texas, and his men were bringing their one 75-mm
self-propelled up the road when German armor struck.
They were five men alone on a road without any other
artillery, but they went into action immediately. The bald
official report does not attempt to describe how a lone gun
crew remained squarely in the center of the road pumping
shells from its gun. Nor, how they kept serving the gun
coolly and rapidly, as seasoned veterans, while the tanks
continued to approach from three sides. They held them
at bay until additional anti-tank weapons arrived."
The official report states, "All during the engagement
they were subjected to near cannon and machine gun
fire and displayed conspicuous and extreme bravery
under fire. They destroyed three tanks and assisted in the
destruction of two others."
As recounted by Groce: "When the fight started, the
German tanks were about 700 yards away. They kept
coming until the closest one we stopped was 200 yards
away before they turned and left. I have no idea how
many rounds they fired at us, but no one in our crew was
hit. The fact that no one was hit is a miracle, because it
was nothing but a death trap for all of us."
And so ended the first day of combat for Sgt. Groce
and his crew - a group who had began the day wondering
if they would tlo their duty in combat. For their actions in
a most critical situation, all five men were awarded the
Silver Star for valor in combat.
the second we hit shore. Of the three hall-tracks in Next week, the conclusion of Seth Groce's story.
section, two of us made it to shore but one became Formoreinformation, to makea contribution, orifyou
perable after setting ashore, leaving us with one half- know a World Warll veteran whose story needs to be told,
k -mine. contact the BWM at www. veterdnsmemonal.org or Bill
"Later that morning we were called to help stop a Youngkin at (979) 260-7030.
By Bill Youngkin
Special to The Eagle
Second of 1Vvo Parts
On September 9, 1943, Seth Groce and the boys he
grew up with in Caldwell and Burleson County landed on
the beaches of Salerno, Italy, as part of the 36th Infantry
Division, the division that will always be known as the
"Texas Division."
This former Texas National Guard unit, composed tlf
boys from the farms, small towns and cities of Texas, was
to be the first American force to land on the continent of
Europe during World War II.
The last battle action for the 36th had been in World
War I, and their opposition awaiting them were veteran,
battle-hardened German troops. For the first few days
after the Salerno landing, the outcome was in question.
Every communique to the "Texas Division" commanders
said "Fight or drown." Fight they did until the'American
foothold on the European Continent was secured, but with
great loss. It was reported that 3,487 men were casualties
through September 15.Of those losses, none were greater
than within the ranks of Seth Groce's original outfit, E
Company, a company composed of boys from Burleson
County and surrounding Central Texas communities. The
November 5,1943, edition of the Caldwell newspaper listed
44 Burleson County boys as killed, wounded, captured or
missing in action after Salerno was taken.
According to Groce, who was at the time a member
of the 36th's cannon company, "It was pretty tough going
for all of us, but I don't think anyone had it tougher than E
Company. It turned out that many had been captured and
were now prisoners of war, which was a fate none of us
wanted for ourselves. But a good many of those captured
did survive the war.
"We moved off the beach at Salerno to Alte Villa,
which was where we lost Lt. Whitaker. While in Alte Villa,
'' some of our guys were pinned down by a machine gun
located in a church steeple. They asked us for help and
we reluctantly put several rounds through tha church,
silencing the German machine gun. Fifteen years ago at
a reunion meeting of the 36th, one of the guys from Waco
came up and said he was one of the ones pinned down
by the Germans in the church and he wanted to shake my
hand for helping them that day.
"After shelling the church, Lt. Whitaker sent for us to
come to his position. To get there, we had to run a gauntlet
of German fire. When we arrived, we were being, shelled
by German artillery. They hit our half-track, knocking it out
and wounding Lt. Whitaker. We were now afoot but found
a Jeep and we loaded Lt. Whitaker onto the windshield.
They got him out and he wa's later sent home on a hospital
ship. That day was also the day we had everyone sent into
the line, from cooks on up, We thought we were going to
get whipped, but dangetl if the Germans didn't stop and
pull out.
"From there on, it was head north up Italy until we
got bogged down in the mountains. We didn't realize it at
the time, but the 36th had received a lot of positive press
in the American newspapers for what we did in Italy. My
family collected a lot of the articles and put them in a
scrapbook, which I have kept all these years. I don't think
I would have ever forgotten the events that took place, but
that scrapbook has helped me remember the names of
the fellas I served with. Our VFW Post in Caldwell is named
after one of the boys we lost, Campbell Williams."
It would be in the mountains where Groce lost yet
another. half-track, and it was here he would be involved in
an action for which he would receive his second award for
valor in combat, a Bronze Star.
"We were in the mountains when we were hit by
German artillery, knocking out my half-track one more
time. One of our units had taken a hill called Hill 1205.
Supplies, including ammo, had been delivered to our area
for them, which they needed badly. To deliver the supplies,
we formed a carrying party of about 25 of us. We took what
had been delivered on mules as far as the mules could go.
That spot was where the dead had been delivered from
off the mountain. When we got there with the mules, one
of the bodies was Capt. Wasco, who was from Groesbeck.
We had known him since the beginning, and all of us loved
and respected him.
"From there we carried the supplies by hand, climbing
up to their position. At the same time, the Germans were
dropping mortars on us on the way up and on the way
down. We had to break up into groups of three and run and
hide behind whatever we could find. We made it up and
back without losing anyone. When we got downy we took
Capt. Wasco's body with us."
Groce left Italy in May 1944 and was sent to Camp
Hood, Texas, where he became part of the training team
for the new soldiers coming into the army. He remained at
that position until the war's end. While he was at Hood he
was surprised by a ceremony in which he was awarded
the Bronze Star for the action described above.
He was discharged on August 17,1945, and returned
to Caldwell. In September 1945 he went to work for I jumble
Oil and stayed until retiring in 1981. He moved back home
to Burleson County to the farm he had purchased and
where he resides today. Groce returned to Salerno, Italy, in
2000 for a reunion of the Texas Division.
"We had a reunion at Salerno and I tried to locate where
we landed and the rock building and rock wall where we
fought the tanks. But it had all changed and I was unable to
locate the exact spot. Italy was torn up during the war. Now
it is just beautiful. ('appreciate the discipline I received in
the army. It helped me as it helps everyone. But the Good
Lord had a lot to do with me coming home."
If you want to have a name added to the Brazos
t/alley veterans Memorial, for more information, to make
a contribution, or if you know a World War 11 veteran
whose story needs to be told, contact the BWM at www.
veteransmemorial.org or Bill Youngkin at (979) 260-7030.